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]]at;av vrf;ay:rSm ulnDEdkifwJhol ESpfa,muf&SdwJhtxJrSm ighudka&G;NyD; tultnD

awmif;jyefawmhvnf; iSJ... iSJ... iSJ}}

ol bmrS qufrajym&ao;cif ]oufoufNidrf;} u atmufuvdtm toHjzifh...

]]at; eifhudkwif tultnDawmif;wm r[kwfbl;? aemufwpfa,mufvnf; yg&rSmyJ? [Jh jrLjrL

eifwdkYESpfa,muf ighudk um;wGef;ay;prf;yg[m? enf;enf;yg;yg;qdk &ygNyD}}

~ 16 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

arQmfvifhrxm;aom jzpf&yfyg? odkYaomf xdktcGifhta&;udk olu vufvGwfrcHyg/ &,fusJusJ

rsufESmjzifh vuf0g;ESpfzufudk vSdrfhydefYyGwf&if; olrudk...

]]uJ... 'gjzifhvnf; twlwl tm;ay;vdkufMuOD;pdkY/ xrif;NrdefNrdef pm;Muwmaygh}}

]]bm}}

]]cifAsm;emrnfu jrLjrL [kwfvm;? Mum;zl;wmawmh MumNyDAs}}

]]bm... bmMum;zl;wmvJ}}

]]aMomf... aqmif;ESif;jrLwdkY? xef;&nfwpfjrLESpfjrLwkdYyg}}

oufoufNidrf;u um;ay:rS armif;olae&m a&mufoGm;NyD; vSrf;atmfonf/

]]wGef;awmh... wGef;awmh}}

um;uvnf; ayghygonf/ ESpfa,muf wGef;&jcif; jzpfaomfvnf; tm;tvGef rpdkuf&/

wpfckawmh &Sdonf/ jrLjrLqdkaom aumifrav;u olYudk wrifwum cyfcGmcGmvkyfNyD; wGef;aejcif;
jzpfonf/

vlMuyfaom bwfpfum;ay:rSm cHkvGwfudkawGUvsufESifh ]oHCmawmfrsm;om} [laom

pmom;aMumifh &ifweifheifhESifh ay&yfae&aom rdef;rBuD;ESifh wlonf/ olu um;wGef;ae&if;uyJ...

]][Jh...}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]tck wdkYawG a&mufaeMuwm ESpfq,fhwpf&mpkvm;? ESpfq,fhESpf&mpkvm;}}

]]Y2K jyóemudk eifrMum;vdkufzl;vm; [kwfvm;}}

]]Mum;zl;ygw,f}}

]]tJh'gqdk NyD;a&maygh? ck 2005 ckESpf}}

]]'gqdk&if &NyD}}

]]bmvJ}}

~ 17 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]ig eihfudk cspfw,f[m}}

]][if... bmqdkifvdkYvJ}}

olru olYudk jyL;wl;jyJwJ vSnfhMunhf&if; um;wGef;wm &yfoGm;onf/

oufoufNidrf;u aemufodkY vSnfhatmfonf/

]][Jh wGef;yg[Jh? &awmhr,f}}

jrLjrLu olYudk rsufapmif;csdwfNyD; qufwGef;&jyefonf/ olu rodcsifa,mifaqmifNyD;

ajymaumif;aumif;ESifh qufajymaevdkuf\/

]]'Dacwf'DtcgBuD;[m t&SdefawG speed awG t&rf;jrefaew,f[? 'Dvdkajym&awmh

aumif;wmaygh? eifeJYig 'Dvdk um;twlwl wGef;cGifh xyf&zdkYqdkwm odyfvG,fwm r[kwfbl;}}

]]atmifrm... igu um;vdkufwGef;ay;aewJh rdef;rrsdK; r[kwfbl;}}

]]at;av... tJh'gawmh ig rSef;rdygw,f? oufoufNidrf;uvnf;[m olYbmom

tm;aumif;armif;oef rdef;rBuD; jzpf&ufeJY}}

olYpum;aMumifh olr &,fcsifoGm;yHk &onf/ oufoufNidrf;uvnf; trSefwu,f

Avaumif;aom aumif;rav;jzpf\/ tm;aumif;armif;oef &SdEdkifvGef;vSonf/ odkYaomf olru
wGef;aevQif um;udk rnfol pufEdI;rnfenf;/ olr\ um;taMumif;udk olryJ odvdrfhrnf/

]]tJh'g eif ighudk tajzjyefay;OD;av[m}}

]][m 'DrSm um;wGef;&wm arm&wJhMum;xJ}}

]]ig eihfudk jrifjrifcsif; wu,fcspfwm}}

]]b,fwkef;uvJ}}

]]ighvufudk rSm;NyD;qGJuwnf;u}}

]]eifu ac:wkdif; vdkufwmyJaemf}}

]]vlMunhfNyD;rS vdkufwmaygh[}}

~ 18 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

pum;awGu b,fawGa&mufukefMurSef; rod/ olYpdwfxJrSm aysmfovdkvdk jzpfvmonf/

olruawmh wpfzufrS um;wGef;NyD; wpfzufrS &nf;pm;pum; tajymcHae&ojzifh
atmifhoD;atmifhouf jzpfaeyHk&onf/

]]ighemrnfudkvnf; rSwfxm;OD;}}

]]odNyD;NyDyJ}}

]]b,fvdkodwmvJ}}

]]ckeu oufoufNidrf; ac:uwnf;u}}

]]atmifrm ajymygOD; bmwJhwkef;}}

]]itk wJhav}}

]]bm...}}

]]itkav... itk}}

]][m eifajymrSyJ ighemrnfvnf; b,fvdkjzpfoGm;rSef;udk rodbl;/ iOD;vdkY &if;&if;ESD;ESD;

ac:wmyg[m? ighemrnf ppfOD;wJh ppfOD;}}

olr\ rsufESmu rJhrJhuav; jyHK;oGm;\/

]]ppfOD;qdkawmh bDvl;aygh}}

ppfOD;bDvl;qdkaom pum;udk,lí ajymjcif;jzpfonf/ ppfOD;\ rsufESmuvnf; rcsdKrcsOf

jzpfoGm;\/ jrLjrLudk...

]]ckawmh ppfOD; tcspf½l; jzpfaeNyD[m}}

]]0l;...}}

jrLjrLu xatmfvdkufjcif; r[kwfyg/ olwdkYwGef;aeaom oufoufNidrf;\um;/ tif;...

xdkodkYajymívnf; pum;pOfrusao;/ oufoufNidrf;udkyJ olwdkYu wGef;aeovdk jzpfvdrfhrnf/
vdk&if;udk ajymvkdufygrnf/ um;u pufEdk;oGm;jcif; jzpfonf/

oufoufNidrf;u vSnfhatmfajymonf/

~ 19 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]eifwdkYudk ig vkdufydkYay;r,fav}}

]]'Dtwkdif;xm;oGm;&ifvnf; igu cJeJY vdkufxkrSmaygh}}

ppfOD;u ajymjcif; r[kwfyg/ jrLjrLu ajymjcif; jzpfonf/

]]cpf...cpf... at;yg[Jh? eifwdkY&yfuGuft0txdawmh ig vdkufydkYrSmaygh? [dkaumif iOD;ua&m

b,foGm;rSmvJ}}

]]ae...ae eifwkdYbmom oGm;Muawmh? ig 0if&r,fhtdrfu ausmfvmNyD/ aemufjyefvSnhf&rSm?

oGm;Muawmh? jrLjrLom igajymwmudk rSwfxm;OD;}}

jrLjrLu ESmacgif;uav; ½HIUjyum...

]]bDvl;...}}

olu ]]r[kwfbl;}} [k jyefatmfNyD;rS toHrxGufbJ EIwfcrf;vIyf½Hk ]tcspf½l;}[k jyefajym\/

oufoufNidrf;u olwdkYudk tuJcwfovdk jyHK;Munhfaeonf/

~ 20 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [ 3]

wnfMunfaompdwf&SdMuavmh/
igyifjzpfonf/
raMumufvefYMuESifh/
[5;50 &SifróJusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

rwwfomonfhtqHk;rSm rSD&maumuf½dk;rQifudk vSrf;qGJonfhtaeESifh oufoufNidrf;qDudk

a&muf&awmhonf/ xHk;pHtwdkif; oufoufNidrf;uvnf; [dkwpfaeYuae&mrSmyif um;ysufNyD;
wGef;ay;rnfhvludk tm;remvQmrusdK; apmifhaeonf/

0if;rif;ESifhvif;vif;&DwdkY ygvmí awmfygao;onf/ olwdkYudkjrifawmh oufoufNidrf;u

(BudKwifcsdef;xm;ovdkrsdK;) 0rf;omtm;&ESifh

]]vmMu...vmMu? igu eifwdkYvmrS vmyghrvm;vkdY}}

awGUvdkuf&&if tqifajyaewmudk r&Sdbl;[k ppfOD;awG;rdonf/ 0if;rif;u

]]oufoufNidrf;&,f eifhrD;uvnf; tm;wdkif; Nidrf;aeawmhwmyJ}}

oufoufNidrf;uvnf; wpfcGef;twifrcH/

]]aemufajcmufvqdk&if 'Dum;udk vJypfawmhrSma[h}}

]]tck rvJao;bl;aygh}}

]]tif; ckawmh eifwdkYyJ wGef;ay;OD; [kwfvm;}}

ppfOD;u aemufcsifajymifcsifvmonf/ xdkYaMumifh

]]0if;rif;}}

]]a[...}}

]]rxl;ygbl;uGm}}

]]at;... ajym}}

~ 21 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]wdkYawG um;udk rwGef;bJ olYudkyJ wGef;oGm;&atmif}}

]]olYrSmu bD;rS r&SdbJ}}

]]vSdrfhcsygapayghuGm}}

oufoufNidrf;u tonf;,m;[efjzifh xatmfonf/

]]eifwkdYaemf}}

0if;rif;u...

]]bm eifwdkYaemfvJ? eifhum;u ysuf ysufEdkifvGef;}}

]]ajymif;ay;? vJay;r,fvdkY ig ajymxm;NyD;om;yJ}}

vif;vif;&Duvnf; r bufvdkufNyD; rdkufzuf ygavonf/

]]at;av eifwdkYudkvnf; rajymudk rajymcsifawmhbl;? rdef;uav;wpfa,mufudk

ulnDay;&wmrsm; yJhygoGm;wm usaewmyJ}}

]]at;av...at;yg? r[kwfwJhae&mawGu yJhygoGm;&ifawmh rqdk;ygbl; awmfao;wmaygh}}

]]eif... eif bmajymwmvJ}}

vif;vif;&D aqGUaqGUckefavonf/ wu,f rckefyg? aqGUaqGU[kvnf; ratmfyg/

a'goxGufoGm;jcif;rQudkom qdkvdkygonf/ ppfOD;udk odyfawmhrMunf/ 0if;rif;udkusawmh...

0if;rif;ESifh vif;vif;&Du rdbcsif;vnf; oabmwlxm;aom cspfolrsm;jzpf\/

aphpyfNyD;om;jzpfNyD; a&SUESpfqdkvQif vufxyfMuawmhrnf/ 'Dtwdkif;vTwfxm;vdkufvQif
ppfOD;ESifhoufoufNidrf;wdkY rsufESmtxm;& cufukefrnf/ xdkYaMumifh ppfOD;u...

]]uJ tJh'gawGxm;yg? yJhcsifwJhae&m yJhygapawmh? oufoufNidrf;udk vkyfp&m&Sdwm

vkyfay;vdkufMu&atmif}}

xdktcgusrS ydkqdk;awmh\/

]][if... iOD; eif bmajymw,f}}

]]eifhum;udk ulwGef;ay;r,fav}}

~ 22 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

oufoufNidrf;u um;armif;olae&mwGif 0ifxdkifum...

]]uJ...uJ...'gjzifhvnf; wGef;}}

ppfOD;u vif;vif;&DbufodkY vSnfhum...

]]tacsmifrcdkeJY? eifyg 0ifwGef;}}

]][if... eifwkdYa,musfm;av;ESpfa,muf &SdvsufeJY}}

]]rdef;uav;wpfa,mufudk ulnD&wmyJ? eifvnf; 0ifwGef;ay;aygh? enf;enf;yg;yg;

yJhoGm;vnf; bmta&;vJ}}

]]bmvJ bmyJh&rSmvJ}}

]]rodbl;av[m wpfckckaygh}}

]]atmifrm eifaemf}}

]]bmatmifrmvJ? ajymwkef;u eifyJajymNyD;awmh}}

]]eifwkdYa,musfm;av;ESpfa,muf t"duwGef;}}

]]t"duyJh&r,faygh}}

]]eifwdkYbmom jzpfcsif&mjzpf}}

]]eifuawmh [efyJ wGef;r,faygh}}

]]tif;...}}

]]aMom eifuusawmh [efvkyfNyD; yJhr,faygh}}

]]eif...aemf eif}}

]]ig aemf ig}}

pdwfr&Snfawmhaom oufoufNidrf;u vSrf;atmfonf/

~ 23 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]uJ...uJ...eifwkdY 'Dwpfouf um;wGef;ay;MuOD;awmhrSmvm;}}

]][kwfom;yJ? uJ...wGef;Mur,fa[h &,f'D... 0rf;wl;o&D;}}

0if;rif;u atmf[pfa<u;aMumfNyD; um;udk pwGef;ojzifh olwdkYvnf; pum;aMum

&SnfraeawmhyJ vdkufwGef;Muonf/ ppfOD;u ]&D;avavh &D;avavh} [katmfum wGef;ojzifh
0if;rif;uvnf; xdkodkYyif vdkufatmfonf/ vif;vif;&Duawmh ]avavh}[laom ae&mrsm;wGif
0ifatmfonf/ bmaMumifhrSef;rod ]&D;}udk 0ifratmfacs/

ppfOD;uvnf; tNidrfrae...

]]eifu bmjzpfvdkY ]&D;}vdkY 0ifratmfwmvJ}}

]]ighbmomig ratmfwm eifeJYbmqdkifvJ}}

ppfOD;u oHcif;wrefcif;udk em;vnfpGm

]]0if;rif;}}

]]ol &D;vdkY ratmfwm rif;eJY ywfoufovm;}}

xdktcsdefrSmyJ 0if;rif;\ wpfwpfcGcGqJoHESifhtwl um;pufEdk;oGm;onf/ oufoufNidrf;u

0rf;omtm;&jzifh...

]]uJ...um;ay:wuf um;ay:wuf}}

tm;vHk;uawmh um;ay:wufMuygonf/ odkYaomf wvGJjzpfaeonf/ 0if;rif;u

um;armif;onfh oufoufNidrf; eHab;a&mufoGm;NyD; ppfOD;u vif;vif;&DESifh aemufcef;rSm/
um;xGufcgprSmyJ jyóemay:awmhonf/

]][J...[J...[J}}

]]ppfOD;u vif;vif;&Dudk ajcqHk;acgif;qHk;MunhfNyD; &,fjyjcif;jzpfonf/ yJhygroGm;aomfvnf;

vif;vif;&D rcHEdkifacs/

]]bm...[J...[J...[J...vJ}}

]][J...[J...[J}}

]]ppfOD;aemf taumif tpkwfyvkwf bmoabmeJY &,faewmvJ}}

~ 24 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][J...[J...[J}}

]]0if;rif;a& 'DrSm}}

]][J...[J...[J}}

oufoufNidrf;u um;armif;ae&mrS olwdkYESpfa,mufudk vSnfhMunhfonf/ NyD;rS 0if;rif;udk

Munfhonf/ 0if;rif;u olrudk

]][J...[J...[J}}

]]bm...}}

]][J...[J...[J}}

]]atmifrm 0if;rif;aemf}}

qloHyGufoH? &,foHarmoHrsm;jzifh um;xJrSm qlnHaeawmhonf/ olwdkY aemufajymifyHkawGu

yGifhvif;vGef;vSonf/ olpdrf; wpfa,mufa,mufom &SdaevQif xajy;rSm aocsmonf/
odyfMumMum rarmif;vdkuf&yg/ vufzuf&nfqdkifwpfqdkifa&SUwGif oufoufNidrf;u
um;udk&yf&if; ]uJ qif;Muawmh} [k ajymonf ]bmvkyfzdkYvJ} [k ar;awmh ]eifwdkYudk ig
vufzuf&nf wdkufr,fav} [k qdkonf/

uefYuGufol r&Sdojzifh olr\ tpDtpOf atmifjrifoGm;onf/ pm;aomufzG,f&mawGudk

wpfa,mufwpfayguf rSmMuNyD;aemuf ppfOD;u...

]][Jh... oufoufNidrf;}}

]]at;[ olYemrnfu ]jrLESif;at;}wJh? igwdkYuawmh ]jrLjrL}vdkYyJ twdkaumuf ac:w,f}}

]]a[...}}

]][kwfw,f[ olwdkY&yfuGufeJY igwdkY&yfuGufu wpfqufwnf;/ 'gayr,fh olwdkYuusawmh

qif;&Jom;&yfuGuf jzpfoGm;w,f}}

]]a[mAsm...}}

]]'gaygh[m tJh'Dzufu vlawGu p½dkufMurf;w,f[/ jrLjrLvnf; pGmwmyJ? olwdkY&yfuGufudk

emrnfajymifeJY iSufBuD;awmif&yfuGufvdkY ac:w,f}}

~ 25 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][Jh... oufoufNidrf;}}

]]at;... owdxm;aygh[m jrLjrLu ti,fqHk;orD;/ olYrSm tpfudkoHk;a,muf &Sdw,f/

wpfa,mufwpfrsdK;pD qdk;w,f/ olwdkYnDrav;udkvnf; iHkxm;rwwf cspfw,f}}

]][J... oufoufNidrf;&,f eifhudk igu bmajymao;vdkYvJ}}

]]eif 'gawG ar;rSm r[kwfvm;}}

]][kwfawmh[kwfygw,f? 'gayr,fh}}

]]'gayr,fh bmjzpfvJ? oluvnf; eifhtaMumif;awG ar;oGm;wmyJ}}

ppfOD; tarmwaum jyefar;rdonf/

]][kwfvm; bmawG ar;ovJ}}

]]aMomf... eifhorD;tBuD;rBuD;u b,ft&G,fa&mufNyDvJwJh}}

]][m...tJh'gawmh rjzpfEdkifbl;[m}}

]]rjzpfEdkifbl;vm;}}

]]at;...}}

]]tJh'gqdkvnf; rajymwwfbl;[m? jzpf&yfu MumNyDqdkawmh igvnf; aumif;aumif;

rrSwfrdawmhbl;}}

pdwfysufvufysuf jzpfoGm;aom ppfOD;udk MunhfNyD; tm;vHk;u 0dkif;&,fMuonf/ ppfOD;uawmh

rauseyfacs/ okdYaomfvnf; oufoufNidrf; ynmjyaerSef; odojzifh bmrS qufrajymawmhacs/
udk,fha&SUudk a&mufvmonfh aumfzDrpf yvdef;wpfcGufudkom ukef;½kef;aomufaevdkufonf/

xdkonfudk tcGifhaumif;,lNyD; 0if;rif;ESifh vif;vif;&DwdkYu orD;&nf;pm;csif; uvlusDp,f&ef

jyifvdkufonf/

]]vif;a&}}

]]bmvJ udkrif;}}

~ 26 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]udk,fwdkYcsif; b,favmuf cspfMuw,fqdkwm vif;odw,faemf}}

]]odwmaygh udkrif;&JU}}

]]wcsdKUrsm; udk,fwdkYvdkrsdK; rjzpfMubl;aemf}}

]]oem;p&maygh udkrif;&,f}}

]]rdk;ewfrif;BuD;udk vSrf;vSrf; tultnD awmif;aew,f}}

aemufMunhfrSefxJrS vSrf;vSrf;MunhfaecJhaom oufoufNidrf;udk Munhfum 0if;rif;u

ajymcsif;jzpfonf/ oufoufNidrf;u rcHcsifjzpfonf/ ppfOD;u...

]]oufouf eifbmrS rcHcsif rjzpfeJY}}

oufoufNidrf;u bmrSjyefrajym/ ppfOD;u xyfajym\/

]]ig wpfa,mufvHk; &Sdw,f}}

xdktcgusrS atmfoH? aigufoH? &,farmoHrsm; nHoGm;jyefonf/

xdktcsdefrSmyJ 00ykyk? Adkuf&TJ&GJ? tom;ndKndK? rsufESmu rdkufc½dkzkef;yHk aygufaeaom

vlwpfa,muf 0ifvmonf/

oufoufNidrf;udk...

]]bmawG oabmusaewmvJ Nidrf;&JU}}

olwdkYu ]oufouf} [k ac:aeaom oufoufNidrf;udk xdkvlBuD;u ]Nidrf;}[k ac:ojzifh

bm&,fr[kwfbJ tm;vHk;u wnDwnGwfwnf; Munhfr& jzpfoGm;onf/

oufoufNidrf;u...

]]bm&,fr[kwfygbl;? tpfudkBuD;u b,foGm;rvdkYvJ}}

]]roGm;ygbl;? 'Dvufzuf&nfqdkifudkyJ vmwm? uHaumif;csifawmh Nidrf;eJY awGUwmayghav}}

olwdkYudkusawmh rawGUovdkvdk/ olwdkYudk awGUvQifyJ uHraumif;awmhbl;vdkvdk/ odkYaomfvnf;

xdkcsmwdwfBuD;u olwdkY0dkif;rSmyJ 0ifxdkifonf/ ynmay; qHk;rNyD; jyefvnfapvTwf&ef ppfOD;wdkY
udk,fxludk,fx qHk;jzwfrdMu\/

~ 27 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

xdkcsmwdwfBuD;u oufoufNidrf;udk pkvsm;&pfywfcsifavmufatmifyif arwåmouf0if

cspfcifaeyHk&onf/ oufoufNidrf;url xdkcsmwdwfBuD;udk &pfbD;ao;ao;av;ay;NyD; BudK;&Snf&SnfESifh
vHxm;yHk&\/ olYtem;udk roGm;acs/

odkYaomf xdkcsmwdwfBuD;u ZGJravQmhygay/

oufoufNidrf;udk...

]]Nidrf;udk udk,fajymp&m &Sdw,f}}

oufoufNidrf;u vSvnf;rvSbJ rsufcHk;av;yifhwifum

]]bmrsm;ygvdrfh}}

xdkcsmwdwfBuD;u acsmvnf;racsmbJ &,fjyum ajym\/

]]Nidrf; pdwf0ifpm;rSmyg}}

]]tif; bmvJvdkY}}

]]vlawG&JU rsufESmay;awG taMumif;yg}}

]]uRefru tJh'gawGodawmh bmtusdK;&SdrSmvJ}}

]]aMomf...vlrIqufqHa&;rSm tusdK;&SdwmayghuG,f}}

]]tif;... ajymprf;ygOD;}}

]]rajymcif t&ifjyr,fuG,fh}}

]]&Sif...bmjyrSmvJ}}

]]t½kyfuav;awG qGJjyrSmayghuG,f? 'Dvdkav Munhfprf;ygOD;}}

xdkcsmwdwfBuD;u rsufESm[efyefwcsdKUudk qGJjy\/ puúLtaumif;pm;? abmvfyif

taumif;pm;ESifh...

]]'gu aysmfaewJhyHk}}

~ 28 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tif;...}}

]]'gu 0rf;enf;aewJhyHk}}

]]tif;...}}

]]'gu pufpkyf&GH&SmaewJhyHk}}

]]tif;...}}

]]'gu a'goxGufaewJhyHk}}

]]yHkMunhfwmeJY uRefr odygw,f}}

]]uJ...'gjzifh 'gu bmyHkvJ}}

ol jyaomyHkudk oufoufNidrf;u aoaocsmcsm Munhf&if;

]]tHhMoaewJhyHk xifw,f}}

]]Nidrf;uav; awmfw,f}}

Nidrf;BuD;qdkvQif rawmfbl;[laom t"dyÜg,frsdK;aygufaeonf/

]]aMomf...rawmfbJaervm; &SifqGJjyaewmu &oudk;yg;xJu yHkawGudk;}}

]]Nidrf;uav; xifovm;}}

]]xifwm r[kwfbl; jrifwm}}

]]uJ...'gjzifh&if Nidrf;uav;udk udkudkBuD; ynmjyr,f Munhf 'g bmyHkvJ}}

oufoufNidrf; tawmfpOf;pm;oGm;&\/ eHab;rS vdkufMunhfaeaom ppfOD;wdkYuvnf;

ra0cGJwwfacs/ csmwdwfBuD;u w[J[J &,fum...

]]uJ...ajymygOD;? tJh'g bmyHkvJ}}

oufoufNidrf; rajzwwfacs/ ppfOD;wdkY ajymapcsifovdk olru ajymvdkuf\/

]]rodbl;}}

~ 29 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tJh'g raxrJhjrif jyKwJhyHkayghuG,f}}

]]aMomf...aMomf...}}

oufoufNidrf; cHoGm;&onf/ trSefawmh ppfOD;wdkYyg cH&awmhonf/ csmwwfBuD;u

qufvufynmjy\/ [kwfonfav/ raxrJhjrif jzpfapaom &oqdkwm oifrS roifcJh&wm/

]]uJ...'DyHkuaumuG,f}}

xdkyHkudkvnf; rrSef;qwwfMujyef/

]]tJh'g tm;rvdktm;r& jzpfaewJh[efav}}

cHOD;[/

aemufqHk;rSm csmwdwfBuD;u yHkwpfyHk qGJjy\/ xdkyHkudkusawmh olwdkYwifrubJ

oufoufNidrf;uvnf; odavonf/ odvnf; tNidrfaeonfrS r[kwfbJ/

]]tJ'g cspfoleJYawGUvdkY &SufMunfEl;aewJhyHkav}}

csmwdwfBuD;u 0rf;yrf;wom jzpfoGm;onf/ (ol 0rf;yrf;wom jzpfyHkudkawmh ½kyfyHkESifh qGJjyí

&rnfrxifacs/)

]]tJh'gaygh...tJh'gaygh...udkudkBuD; ajymcsifwm tJh'gaygh}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]Nidrf;uav;u udkudkBuD;eJYawGU&if tJh'Dvdk aeprf;yg}}

]]aovdkuf...}}

]][J...[J...raoygbl; Nidrf;uav;&,f? uJ...udkudkBuD; oGm;OD;r,f}}

csmwdwfBuD;u ppfOD;wdkYudkyg EIwfqufovdk acgif;qwfjyNyD; jyefoGm;onf/ol

cyfa0;a0;a&mufrS ppfOD;u...

]][Jh oufouf}}

]]a[}}

~ 30 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]'DcsmwdwfBuD;u acawmh racbl;[}}

]]tif;}}

]]wcsdKYyHkawGawmh olqGJjyEdkifzdkY rvG,fbl;}}

]]b,fvdkyHkvJ}}

]]Oyrm *GwD;*Gus jzpfaeyHkwdkY}}

]]eifhudkusrS qGJcdkif;}}

]]NyD; atmifhoD;atmifhouf jzpfaewJh[efwdkY}}

]]eifhtvSnhfusrS qGJcdkif;vdkY ajymaew,f}}

]]'geJY tJh'DvlBuD;u eifhudk BudKufaewmvm;/ &nf;pm;pum; ajymyHkuawmh rdkufw,f}}

oufoufNidrf;u rajzcsifhajzcsifESifh...

]]tif;}}

]]tJh'DhvlBuD;u yef;csDq&mvm;}}

]]eifha,mufzcspf eHygwf(1)a[h}}

]]b,fvkd}}

]]jrLjrLUtpfudk tBuD;qHk;}}

]][if...}}

ppfOD; tidkufrdoGm;onf/ idkifusoGm;NyD;rS jyefar;\/

]]olu bmvkyfwmvJ}}

]]usL&Sifq&m}}

~ 31 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

'gaMumifh vlraMumufwwfwmudk;[k ppfOD; awG;rd\/ pum;ajymvQifvnf; rdkufoH

ygaeonf/ cifvnf;rcifbJ tm;vnf;remonfhwdkif 0wå&m;twdkif; ar;&onf/

]]jrLjrLeJYoleJYuaum wnfhvm;}}

]]tdk;...jrLjrLu oleJYrS r[kwfbl;/ olYtpfudk tukefvHk;eJY wnfhw,f? tpfudkawGu olYudk

t&rf;cspfw,f}}

]]ckeu vlBuD;u odkif;wwfvm;}}

]]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ}}

]][dk jrLjrLem;udk uyfvdkY vG,fyghrvm;}}

]]tdk igwpfa,mufvHk; &Sdygw,f}}

]]eif eifuaum odkif;wwfvdkYvm;}}

]][Jh...iOD;}}

oufoufNidrf;u pdwfr&SnfbJ xatmfojzifh ppfOD;Nidrfvdkuf&onf/ NyD;rS wD;wdk;wD;wdk;

avoHjzifh...

]][kwfom;yJ 'DcsmwdwfBuD;u eihfudk BudKufaewmyJ? 'Dudpöudk tuGufaumif;,lNyD; jrLjrLYudk

csOf;uyfvdkY &wmyJ? aMomf... oufoufNidrf; oufoufNidrf;}}

]]bmvJ...}}

]]ighaysmf&TifrItwGuf eihfudk,feif tepfrGef;cHawmhr,fayghaemf}}

]][,f...aoemaumif}}

oufoufNidrf;u at;pufaeNyDjzpfaom a&aEG;Murf;ESihf vSrf;yufaomaMumifh uysmu,m

ckefa&Smif&if; olwdkY0dkif;uav;rSm &,foHuav;rsm; vQHoGm;&onf/

oufoufNidrf;u rsufESmydk;owf&if; owday;\/

]]a[ha[h odyftljrL;raeMueJY}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

~ 32 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]'D&yfuGufudk bmrSwfovJ? iSufBuD;awmifpm rdoGm;r,f}}

]]tJ...}}

w0g;0g; w[m;[m; jzpfaeaom olwdkYtm;vHk; NidrfusoGm;\/ vif;vif;&Du 0if;rif;udk

vSrf;p\/

]]eif ighudk ydk;wkef;u 'Davmuf ryifyef;bl; xifw,faemf udkrif;}}

]]at;av eifu ighudk ta0;BuD;uwnf;u &,f&,fjyaewmudk;}}

]]bm...atmifrm}}

&,fMu&jyefonf/ &,foHrsm;tqHk;rSm ppfOD;u oufoufNidrf;udk...

]]rdouf...}}

]]bmvJ...}}

]]ighudk olYtaMumif; enf;enf; ajymjyprf;yg}}

vufz0g;ESpfzufudk yGwfNyD; &Sufa,mifjyvdkuf\/ oufoufNidrf;uvnf; rsufESmxm;udk

wif;rmvdkufNyD; rodcsifa,mifaqmifum...

]]b,folYtaMumif;vJ}}

]]tJ[kdav jrLav jrLcdk;a0 qdkvm; bmvm; olYtaMumif;}}

oufoufNidrf; uoduatmuf jzpfoGm;um...

]]jrLESif;at;rsm;vm;}}

xdktcgusrS ppfOD;u aygifudk vufz0g;ESifh ykwfum...

]]tm...aMomf...[kwfw,f [kwfw,f jrLESif;at;... jrLESif;at;taMumif;}}

]]tif;...}}

oufoufNidrf;u rvdkwrm ]tif;} vdkuf\/ xdkYaemufrS

~ 33 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]jrLeJYESif;eJYu wu,fawmh odyfrwlbl;aygh[m? 'gayr,fh jrLaumESif;aum &Da0tHkYrdIif;wJh

oabm&Sdw,f/ NyD;awmh at;csrf;apw,f}}

]]at;...[kwfygNyD usefwm ajymygOD;}}

]]'gyJav}}

]]bm...}}

]]'gyJav}}

]]ig ar;aewm jrLESif;at;taMumif;av}}

]]ig ajzaewmuvnf; jrLESif;at;taMumif;av}}

ppfOD;u rausreyfajym&ef jyKqJrSm avmuBuD;wpfckvHk; jrLawGESif;awG tukefvHk;

rdIif;jrvmovdk at;NidrfhoGm;\/ qdkifa&SUrS jrLESif;at; jzwfavQmufoGm;jcif; jzpfonf/
oufoufNidrf;u ar;aighjyum...

]][dkrSm jrLjrL jyefvmNyD vdkufpum;ajymygvm;}}

]]ig ½kyf&SifoGm;MunhfrvdkY? tcsdefeD;aeNyD}}

]]jrLjrLUudkyg ac:oGm;aygh}}

]]aeygOD;[m cktcsdefrSm vGwfvGwfvyfvyf aeyg&apOD;}}

~ 34 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [ 4]

rdef;ri,f
xavmh [k igqdkonf/
[5;41 &SifróJusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

nOfharSmifNyD;umrS tdrfodkY jyefa&mufonf/ wpfvrf;vHk; pdwfvufvef;qef;pGm jyefvmorQ

tdrfa&mufrS tarmqdkYoGm;onf/ em&DudkMunhfawmh &Spfem&Dxkd;awmhrnf/ ckxd rjyefao;aom
{nfhonfu a&mufaeonf/

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;...

ol jyeftydkYudk apmifhaejcif; jzpfrnf/

]]a[m...udkOD;u ckrS jyefvmwmudk;}}

tazESifhtaru bmrS rajym&ao; olu qD;ajymonf/

]]tif;...NrdKUxJoGm;wm 'Davmufawmh &SdrSmaygh}}

xdkrQom 0wå&m;aus jyefajymcJhNyD; tdrfcef;wGif; wef;0ifcJhonf/ cifOD;u xvdkufvmonf/

]]udkudkaemf {nfhonfudk pum;ajymOD;}}

]]igh{nfhonfrS r[kwfbJ? eifh{nfhonfyJ? eifholi,fcsif;yJ}}

]]nDrav;oli,fcsif; qdkayr,fh udkudkYqDvmwJh[myJ}}

]]olu tJh'Dvdk ajymvdkYvm;}}

]]udkudkaemf? rdef;uav;uawmh ajymyghrvm;? udk,fu ,Ofaus;rI &SdrSaygh}}

]]igu oleJY bmoGm;ajym&rSmvJ}}

]]aMomf...b,fu vSnfhvmwmvJ bmvJaygh}}

]]'DudkyJ wrif0ifvmwmyJ? udkudkYqD oufoufqdk b,fvdkvkyfrvJ}}

cifOD;u wpfckckajymrnfh[ef jyKNyD;rS ratmifhEdkifbJ &,fonf/

]]udkudkuvnf; 0g0gu rqdk;ygbl;}}

]]bmrqdk;&rSmvJ}}

~ 34 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

cifOD;u x&,fonf/

[dkaumifrav;uvnf; [dkaumifrav;/ 0g0gqdkvQifvnf; 0g0g[k trnf,lvQif &ygonf/

aemufrS OD;aomif;a0NzdK;qdkaom zcifjzpfol\trnfu ygvmojzifh 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;
jzpfaeonf/ olYudk awGU&wdkif; qHyifuGufjzLNyD; rsufrSeftxlBuD;wyfvsuf aq;jyif;vdyfBuD;
cJxm;ovdk jrifa,mifrdonf/

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u rdef;racsmawmhr[kwf? rdef;rxGm;BuD; jzpfonf/ tawmfBuD;jrifhrm;

ndKarmif; xGm;usdKif;onf/ toufu 22ESpfom &Sdvifhupm; 40ausmf rdef;rBuD;wpfa,muf[k
xifrSwfrSm;zG,f&m &ifhusufrIBuD; jzpfonf/

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u (olYnDrav;jzpfol) cifOD;\ tcspfqHk;oli,fcsif;rsm;xJu wpfa,muf/

cifOD;udk olajymzl;onf/ ]eifhbmom cspf&ifcspf iguawmh rcspfbl;}[k/

[kwfonfav/ olwdkY rdef;uav;oli,fcsif; tcsif;csif; cspfMuaygh/ olwdkYcsif; ,lvdkYrS

r&wm/ udk,fu cspfrdvQif ,l&OD;rnf/ ,lEdkifygbl;/ tJ'gBuD;udk/

qdk;&Gm;aom tcsufwpfcsuf &Sdao;\/ xdkaom 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK; trnf&Sd rdef;rxGm;BuD;u

olYudk (cifOD;ac:ovdk) udkudk[k vdkufac:wwfjcif; jzpfonf/ 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u olYudk udkudk[k
ac:vdkufwdkif; ppfOD;\ NrD;an§mifh½dk;rSm wkefceJ cgoGm;wwfonf/

xdkYaMumifh ppfOD;u 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;udk taoaMumufonf/

odkYaomfvnf;...

vlrIa&;t& raumif;wwfojzifh a&rdk;csdK;t0wftpm;vJNyD; {nfhcef;xJ jyefoGm;&\/ olYudk

jrifawmh 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u &Tef;&Tef;pm;pm;MunfhNyD;...

]]'Dv o&zlr*¾Zif;rSm udkudkYuAsmudk zwfvdkuf&w,f/ t&rf;aumif;wmyJ}}

w owfESifh ]zwf}wmjzpfí awmfygao;\/

u owfESifh ]zuf}vdkufvQif &ifusdK;zG,f&m/

ppfOD;u 0goemtavsmuf uAsmav;pmav; a&;wwf\/ r*¾Zif;rsm;wGif [dkwpfp onfwpfp

ygwwfonf/ emrnfBuD; uAsmq&mwpfa,mufawmh r[kwfyg/

]]ukdudk uAsmawGaum a&;jzpfao;vm;[if}}

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u uEGJYuvs ar;vmonf/ azazESifhararudk pdwfroufompGm

vSnhfMunhfawmh ESpfOD;vHk;u wpfzufvSnhfNyD; jyHK;aeonf/

]]tif;...a&;jzpfygw,f}}

]]wpfyk'favmuf jyygvm;[if}}

~ 35 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ}}

]]zwfrvdkYyg}}

'ku©ygyJ? uHqdk;csifawmh 0wfvmonfu tdwfuyfygonfh n0wftusÐjzpfNyD;

xdktdwfuyfxJwGif raeYnu a&;xm;aom uAsmygvmavonf/ wrif,lvmjcif; r[kwfbJ
olYbmomol tvdktavsmuf ygvmjcif; jzpfonf/

]]a&mh...}}

r,frif;BuD;ru ay;wmudk vSrf;,lNyD; csufcsif;rzwfbJ tifwmAsL;ao;\/

]]b,fr*¾Zif;rSm ygwmvJ udkudk}}

]]b,frSmrS rygao;bl;}}

]]udkudkYrSm rdwåL&Sdao;vm;}}

]]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ}}

]]'Dvufa&;pmrludk 0g,loGm;rvkdY}}

]]tm...b,fjzpfrvJ tcspfuAsmBuD;}}

]]bmjzpfvJ cspfcspfaygh}}

]][m...r&bl; rdwåLvnf; r&Sdbl;}}

vlBuD;awGa&SUrSm &Sufvnf;r&Sufacs/ olru...

]]'gjzifh 'DuAsmudk 0g ,loGm;NyD; rdwåLul;vdkufr,fav/ vufa&;rludk 0g ,lxm;NyD; rdwåLudk

udkudk jyef,lxm;aygh}}

]]tm...r,lbl; rvkyfeJY? uAsmudk taygufMum; rcHEdkifbl;? t&ifqHk;zwf&&if auseyfawmhaygh}}

]]tif;av...'gqdkvnf; udkudkYoabmygyJ}}

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u uAsmudk zGifhzwfonf/ a0zefoHawmh Mum;&vdrfhOD;rnf jzpfaMumif; ol

awG;qrdNyD;om; jzpf\/ uAsmu...

bmtaMumif;rS r&SdbJ
rif;eJYig cifcJhMuw,f/
bmtaMumif;rS r&SdbJ
rif;eJYig oHa,mZOf jzpfcJhMuw,f/

bmtaMumif;rS r&SdbJ

~ 36 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

rif;eJYig olpdrf;qefcJhMuw,f/
bmtaMumif;rS r&SdbJ
'DuAsmudk a&;jzpfygw,f/

aMomf...
wu,fawmhvnf;
bmtaMumif;rS r&Sdygbl; oli,fcsif;&,f/

]][if... udkudkYuAsmu b,fvdkBuD;vJ}}

]]at;av...'gaMumifh 'DuAsmudk ]bmvJuG,f}vdkY emrnfwyfxm;wmaygh}}

]]bmrSvnf; r[kwfbJeJY}}

]]at;av bmtaMumif;rS r&Sdygbl;vdkY ajymxm;om;yJ}}

]]bmtaMumif;rS r&SdbJ bmvdkY uAsma&;&wmvJ}}

]]taMumif;&SdrS uAsma&;&rSmvm;}}

]]tif;aygh}}

]]tif;av...ck[mu bmtaMumif;rS r&SdwJhtaMumif; a&;xm;wJhuAsmaygh}}

]]taMumif;r&SdbJ bmvdkY uAsma&;wmvJ}}

]]uAsmxJrSmawmif ygao;w,f? taMumif;r&SdvdkY a&;ygw,fvdkY}}

]][if...bmvJ[}}

]]tif;av tJh'gaMumifh uAsmacgif;pOfudk ]bmvJuG,f}vdkY wyfvdkufwmaygh}}

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u rauseyfacs/ acgif;wpfcgcg vkyfaeonf/ ppfOD;u uAsmpm&Gufudk

jyefawmif;,lum ]uJ pum;ajymaeESifhOD;? vkyfp&m pm&if;av;awG oGm;vkyfvkdufOD;r,f} qdkNyD;
tEdkifESifh ydkif;um xGufcGmvmcJhonf/

tawmfuav;MumrS 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK; jyefoGm;aMumif; {nfhcef;xJrS toHAvHrsm;t&

od&onf/ araru rodEdk;em;ESifh olYudk vSrf;atmfao;onf/

]]om;a& 0g0gjyefNyDwJh}}

~ 37 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwfuJh jyefygapav? bwfpfum;pD;&ifpD;? 'grSr[kwf&if uu iSm;pD;? qdkuúm;awmh rpD;eJYvdkY}}

]]tHr,f...om;u ylyefw,fayghav}}

]][kwfuJh qdkuúm;orm;udk oem;vdkY}}

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK; pdwfqdk;NyD; jyefonfxifonf/ jyefwmuawmh aocsmoGm;NyD/ nDracsm

cifOD;u olYtcef;xJokdY EIwfcrf;plvsuf a&muf&Sdvmonf/

]]udkudkvkyfwm r[kwfao;bl;aemf}}

]]bmr[kwfwmvJ}}

]]0g0ghudk tm;emzdkY aumif;w,f}}

]]a[ha[h...tdrfaxmifa&;rSm tm;emNyD; ,lvdkuf&w,fqdkwmurS ydkraumif;wm}}

]]tJh'gqdkvnf; udkudkYbmom &nf;pm;wpfa,muf twnfxm;vdkuf}}

]]at;...igvnf; eifhudk tJh'g ajymrvdkY}}

]][if...bm udkudk &nf;pm;xm;rvdkY? [kwfvm;? awGUxm;NyD;NyDvm;}}

]]at;...}}

cifOD; tBuD;tus,f pdwf0ifpm;oGm;onf/

]][kwfvm;...b,folvJ...b,fuvJ}}

]]jrLESif;at;wJh? twdkaumuf jrLjrLvdkY ac:w,f}}

]]vSvm;[if}}

]]igBudKufNyDqdkrSawmh vSvdkYaygh}}

[kwfawmhvnf; [kwfonf/ ppfOD;u tvGeftvS BudKufonf/

]]b,f...b,fuvJ}}

]]iSufBuD;awmif&Gmu}}

~ 38 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]bm&,f}}

]]'Dvdk[m}}

p½dkufMurf;onfqdkaom xdk&yfuGuftaMumif; &Sif;jy&onf/ cifOD;u pdk;&drfaeonf/

]]jzpfyghrvm; udkudk&,f? awmfawmfMum udkudkYudk iSufBuD;awmifeJY ckwfvTwfaeygOD;r,f}}

]]igu aygif;oif;qufqHwwfygw,f[}}

]]tJh'DhudkudkYaumifrav; rdom;pkuaum}}

]]tpfudkoHk;a,mufvHk;uawmh vufr&GHUawGcsnf;yJ? aumifrav;uvnf; pGmw,f? &Jwif;NyD;

oGufoGufvufvuf &Sdw,f? 'gayr,fh pdwfaumif; ESvHk;aumif; &SdMuygw,f}}

]]atmifrm b,fvdkvkyfodvJ}}

]]olwdkYeJY igeYJawmif &if;ESD;vufp jzpfoGm;NyD}}

]]b,fES,fhwkef;}}

]]'Dvdk[m}}

tpcsDNyD; jrLjrLESifh qHkawGUrI w-Budrfudk jyefajym&onf/

]]trSefawmh ½kyf&SifoGm;zkdYu apmaeao;w,f[? igvnf; tvum;ae tvum;yJqdkNyD;

jrLjrLUaemufu vdkufoGm;vdkufw,f? olYtdrfu odyfrS ra0;bJ? tdrfBuD;tdrfaumif;yJ[?
ysOfaxmifESpfxyftdrfBuD;}}

]]tif;}}

]]olu igvdkufvmwmudk odw,f[}}

]]b,fvdkvkyf odoGm;wmvJ}}

]]rajymwwfbl;}}

olrwdkYtdrfem; a&mufcgeD;awmh jrLESif;at;u vSrf;vufp ajcudk wkefYceJ &yfonf/ olYudk

cyfwnfwnf vSnhfMunhfonf/

]]uRefraemufudk vdkufvmwmvm;}}

~ 39 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwfw,fvdkY qdkygpdkY}}

]]tdrfodcsifvdkY xifw,f}}

]]jzpfEdkifygw,f}}

]]oufoufNidrf;u ajymrjybl;vm;}}

]]oluvnf; odyfrtm;bl;}}

]]'gjzifhvnf; uRefruyJ ajymjy&rSmaygh? rSwfxm;vdkuf}}

]][kwfuJh BudK;pm;Munhfygr,f}}

]][dktdrf}}

wpfjcHausmfrS tdrfBuD;udk vufnd§K;xdk;jyonf/

]]tJh'DhtdrfyJ rSwfxm;}}

]]0ifjyav}}

]]bm...}}

]]cifAsm;tdrfqdk cifAsm; 0ifjyav}}

]]tdk;...0ifjyr,f/ jyefvnf; xGufrvmawmhbl;? uRefr r&Sd&ifvnf; a&av;bmav;

awmif;aomufvdkY&w,f}}

ajymajymqdkqdk xdktdrfxJodkY 0ifoGm;awmh\/ ol vufjyNyD; jyHK;pdpdESihf usef&pfcJh\/

pum;qHk;awmh cifOD;u ar;onf/

]]aumifrav;u vSvm;}}

]]tdk; vSrSvS/ bk&m;aps;u iSufBuD;awmif"m;BuD;vdkudkvS}}

~ 40 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [5]

apmifhaeMuavmh[k
oifwdkYudk igqdkonfhtwdkif;
cyfodrf;aomolwdkYtm; igqdkonf/
[14;37 &SifróJusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

xdk&ufydkif;rsm;twGif;rSm taMumif;r&Sd taMumif;&SmNyD; oufoufNidrf;wdkYtdrfodkY a&muf&av

onf/ oufoufNidrf;wdkYtdrfu &onfhtcGifhta&;udk rvGwfpwrf;,lNyD; olESifh oufoufNidrf;udk
txifvGJ&ef jyifMuao;\/

odkYaomf...

oufoufNidrf;u rnfodkYrnfyHk ajz&Sif;vdkufonfrod? ol &nf&G,fa&muf&Sdvmonfu

jrLESif;at;xHjzpfaMumif; rMumcif odoGm;Muonf/ oufoufNidrf;\tpfr cufcufpdrf;u
ar;zl;onf/

]]ppfOD;u &nf;pm;vnf; r&Sdbl;qdk}}

]]ckrS jrLESif;at;udk xm;rvdkY}}

]]vG,fyghrvm;}}

]]'guawmh rcufwdkY&JU yHhydk;rIvnf; vdkwmaygh}}

]]tvkdawmf b,fES,fh usKyfu ygvm&wmvJ}}

]]aMomf...EIwf\apmifrjcif;? vuf\ apmifrjcif;ayghav}}

]]&ygvdrfhr,f tm;BuD;BuD;? usKyfwdkYeJY jrLjrLeJYuvnf; r&if;ESD;vSygbl;}}

]]uRefawmfuawmh BudK;pm;&rSmyJAsm}}

~ 42 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]at;..wGefYqkwfwGefYqkwf BudK;pm;vdkYuawmh &rSmr[kwfbl;? aumifrav;u

a[mha[mh'dkif;'dkif;av;}}

]]oluaum t&ifu &nf;pm;r&Sdbl;vm;}}

]]&Sdw,fvdkY rMum;rd rjrifrdygbl;uG,f? 'grsdK;udk 0goemrygbl; xifyg&JU}}

rcuf\ pum;aMumifh ppfOD;yif aMumifawmifawmif jzpfoGm;onf/

]]'g 0goemygp&mvm;As tcsdefwef t&G,fa&mufvdkY tdrfaxmifbuf pOf;pm;&wJhudpöyJ[m}}

]]at; wdkYuawmh 0goem rygygbl;[,f}}

[if...b,fhES,fhBuD;wkef;...

twif;BuD;ygvm;/

olYbmom 0goemygonfajymajym? rygbl;qdkqdk udk,fuawmh jrLESif;at;udk cspfrSmyJ

(olYudkawmh rcspfyg? tpfrwpfa,mufvdkyJ cifonf/)

xdkodkY oufoufNidrf;wdkYtdrfodkY t0iftxGuf rsm;vmojzifh jrLESif;at;ESifhvnf; rMumcP

qHkonf/ jrLESif;at;uvnf; rMumcP vmavonf/

]]jrLjrL}}

]]bmvJ tr,f aeygOD; eifu ighudk jrLjrLav;bmav;eJY eifeJYig &if;ESD;wm usaewmyJ}}

olwdkYu &Sif uRefrESifh ajymvdkuf eif igESifh ajymvkduf jzpfaeonf/

]]eifhtpfudkBuD;eJYigawmif tawmf&if;ESD;aeNyD}}

]]bm...b,foleJY}}

]]udkwifarmifOD;av? eifhtpfudkBuD;eJY}}

]]vm...vmcsnfao;/ ightpfudkBuD;eJYeifu b,fvdkywfoufvdkYvJ}}

]]eifhtpfudkBuD;u t½kyfqGJwm 0goemygw,fav? rsufESm jzpfysufwJh trlt&m taetxm;udk

ydkNyD; tm½Hkxm;w,fav}}

~ 43 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwfygw,f? tJh'g eifeJYbmqdkifvJ}}

]]ighyHkudk qGJcdkif;awmh ol rqGJEdkifbl;av}}

]]eifhrsufESmu bmxl;jcm;aevdkYvJ}}

]]ig 0rf;n§pfaewJh rsufESmtaetxm;udk qGJcdkif;wmav}}

]]trf...}}

]]o½kyfjy xdkifay;yghr,f qdkwmawmif eifhtpfudku qGJray;Edkifbl;/ wcsdK;wnf; ajy;ygava&m?

ighrSm &,fvdkuf&wm}}

olru EIwfcrf;uav;udk rJhjyonf/

]]'grsm;}}

xdkYaemuf cyfwnfwnf qufajymonf/

]]ightpfudkBuD; qGJp&m rvdkygbl;[,f? igyJ qGJay;yghr,f? uJ...uJ... eifxdkifNyD;

0rf;n§pfaevdkuf}}

]]tJ...}}

ppfOD; tDoGm;onf/ jrLjrLqdkaom jrLESif;at;udkvnf; bmajym&rSef; rod&atmif

jzpfoGm;onf/ ½l;ovdk aygovdkESifh

]]tJh'gudk xm;prf;ygOD;[m ta&;rBuD;ygbl;}}

]]bmu ta&;BuD;wmvJ}}

]]eifu ighudk jyefcspfzdkYaygh}}

]][if...ayg&Jvdkufwm}}

ppfOD; vSdrfhcHae&awmhonf/

xdkpum;rsm;udk olwdkYawG tif;vsm;uefpyfrSm wD;wdk;ajymaeonf[kvnf; rxifMuygESifh/

jrLESif;at;tdrf0rSm txJESifhtjyif atmfajymaeMujcif; jzpfonf/

~ 44 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]'gxuf eifhtpfudkESpfa,mufudk ig rjrifzl;ao;bl;[}}

]]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ}}

]]ruif;&m ruif;aMumif;awG r[kwfvm;}}

]]oGm;prf;yg}}

]]tpfudkBuD;emrnfu udkwifarmifOD;aemf}}

]]tif;...}}

]]tpfudkvwf emrnfuaum}}

]]ukdwifarmifvwf}}

]]tpfudkav;emrnfu udkwifarmifav;vm;}}

]]'gaygh}}

]]atmifrav; awmfygao;&JU}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]ac:&jyK& vG,fvdkYaygh? aemufaemif orD;a,mufzawG &efjzpfMu&if ]wifarmifnDtpfudkawG

vmMuprf;} qdkNyD; wpfcgwnf; vSrf;ac:vdkufvdkY&w,f}}

]]atmifr,f atmifr,f? eifhtoufawmif b,fu xGuf&r,frSef;rod jzpfoGm;r,f}}

]]avmavmq,f touf½SLacsmifoGm;wm wpfckawmh &Sdw,f[}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]eifhemrnfu ]wifrBuD;} r[kwfvdkY}}

]]bmudpö [kwf&rSmvJ}}

]]tdk;...tdk;...[kwfEdkifudef; &Sdw,faemf oDoDav; vGJoGm;vdkY}}

]]wifrBuD;qdkawmhaum bmjzpfvJ}}

~ 45 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tdk;...tJh'DhemrnfBuD;udk ig tonf;,m;w,f? avmifcsmeJY vSrf;vSrf; xkcsifw,f}}

]]vm...vmcsnfao;? xkMunhfygvm;}}

]]rxkygbl; 'ghxuf eifhtazeJYtar emrnfuaum}}

]]bmjzpfvdkY ighudk vmar;aewmvJ? oufoufNidrf;udk ar;vdkuf NyD;wmyJ}}

]]ar;wmyJ}}

]]bmajymvJ}}

]]eifhtaztar emrnfu *sifrDxGwfacgifeJY uwfovif;'gvDwdkY r[kwfbl;wJh}}

]]'gjzifh b,folwJhvJ}}

]]at;...tJh'gudkusawmh rajzbl;}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]rtm;ao;vdkYwJh}}

jrLjrL jyHK;av\/ oufoufNidrf;u oufoufnpfxm;jcif; jzpfaMumif; odí jyHK;jcif;jzpfonf/

olr jyHK;yHku tvGefvSavonf/ b,fvdkav;rSef;rod/ bmESifhwlrSef; rod/ xdkYaMumifh ajymvufp
pum;udkyJ jyefaumufvdkufonf/

]]tJh'g ajymOD;av[m}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]eifhtazeJY tarhemrnf}}

]]tazhemrnfu OD;0if;MuL}}

rvSvdkufwm? awmfygao;\/ olremrnfu jrLESif;at; jzpfNyD; MuLESif;at;

jzpfroGm;aomaMumifhyif/

]]ightaremrnfu a':at;udk}}

~ 46 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

axmifvufp em;&Gufuyif ydkí axmifoGm;ouJhodkY &Sd\/

]]b,fol...b,fol}}

]]at;udk...a':at;udk}}

jrwfpGmbk&m;? 'Dt&G,fa&mufNyD; B.A bGJYvnf; &NyD;NyD/ rdef;remrnf ]]at;udk}} qdkwm wpfcgrS

rMum;zl;acs/ olrwdkY tarusrS b,fhES,f a':at;udk jzpfae&oenf;/

]]uJ...uJ...eifoGm;OD;? ig qefaq;NyD; xrif;csuf&OD;r,f? ightpfudkvnf; jyefvmawmhr,f?

eifhudk {nfhcHraeEdkifbl;/ oGm;awmh}}

jrLjrLu olYudk pyg;vHk; a&G;ae&if; vSrf;ajymaejcif;jzpfonf/ oluvnf; tvdkufwodyif...

]]at;yg...at;yg...0l;0g;ESif;qD&,f...}}

]]bm0l;0g;ESif;qDvJ}}

0l;0g;ESif;qDqdkonfu olrudk &yfuGufxJrS aumifav;awG ac:aom trnfjzpfonf/

vSyoavmuf &J&ifhcufrmaom olrudk emrnf0Sufuav; ay;xm;jcif;yJ jzpfonf/

odkYaomf wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwfESifh wpf&GmvHk;odaom udpöjzpfí olrudk,fwdkifvnf; odavonf/

tdkb,fhb,f tdkb,fh0l;0g;ESif;qD/

]]0l;0g;ESif;qD qdkwmav;u vSygw,f[m cspfp&mav;}}

]]cspfp&mqdk&if eifyJ,lvdkuf? tJh...emrnfudk ajymwm}}

]]igeJYu rvdkufygbl;? eifeJYyJ vdkufwm? 0l;0g;ESif;qD r[kwf&if eifu bmvJ?

bl;xGm;..xGm;..xGm;...xGm;...ESif;qDvm;}}

olr &,fcsifoGm;onf/ (xdkyHkudk udkwifarmifOD;tm; qGJcdkif;&rnf)

]]eifaemf ighudk emrnfvdkufrzsufeJY? uJ...oGm;awmhqdk}}

tvdkufwodESifhyif ol xGufcGmvmcJhygonf/ ,ckavmufxd vufcHpum;ajymjcif;udkyif olYrSm

auseyfvSygNyD/ (jrLjrL (ac:) jrLESif;at; (ac:) 0l;0g;ESif;qDu olYudk þrQtxd)

~ 47 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

tjyefvrf;wGif (iSufBuD;awmif aus;&Gmt0wGif) &efyGJwpfyGJ MuHKonf/ olESifhvnf; rnfolrS

rodyg/ toufoHk;q,fausmft&G,f a,musfm;([kxif&ol) ESpfa,mufu EIwfcrf;wpfvH
yef;wpfvHESifh &efawGUjcif;jzpfonf/ wpfa,muf*kPfyk'fawGudkvnf; wpfa,mufu azmfxkwfMu\/

]][Jh...a&Tcdk;r aMumifawmifEdIufr}}

]][Jh...ighudk ]r} vdkYroHk;eJY? a,musfm;[Jh ewfuawmfr&JU}}

]]eifom...a&Tcdk;r}}

]]eifom...ewfuawmfr}}

rnfolurSvnf; jzefajzjcif; r&Sdacs/

olwdkYuvnf; a,musfm;csif; jzpfvifhupm; rdef;rawGvdk &efjzpfMu\/ rxdk;rBudwfbJ ykqdk;udk

cdkifcdkifjyif0wfNyD; rdef;rawGvdk eyef;zufowfjcif;udk qdkvdkonf/ eyef;owf&if; olwdkYawG
vHk;axG;aeMuawmh\/ vuf&nfwlolrsm;jzpfNyD; 'dkifrcGJvQif uGJudef; r&Sdacs/

raeEdkifaom ppfOD;u 0ifa&mufjzefajz&awmh\/ vlcsif; twif;cGJ&awmh\/ vlcsif;awmh

uGJoGm;\/ Mum;xJrS ppfOD;u tawmf txdemoGm;onf/

þae&mwGif Mum;jzwfajymp&m &Sdvmonf/ ppfOD;onf touf25ESpf0ef;usif&Sd cyfacsmacsm

cyfrdkufrdkuf aumifav;jzpf\/ qHyifudk t&Snfxm;NyD; pwDAefqD;*Jvfvdk acgif;pnf;xm;\/ ,ck
olwdkYudk jzefajz&if; udk,fhacgif;pnf;u ajyusvmonf/ ykqdk;uvnf; jyefjyefpnf;&/

ta0;rS trSwfwrJh MunhfvdkufvQif rdef;rBuD;oHk;a,muf &efjzpfaeyHkESifh wlonf/

]]uJ...uJ...awmfMuygawmhAsm cifAsm;wdkYuvnf;}}

]]rawmfEdkifbl;? 'Da&Tolcdk;rudk}}

]]bma&Tolcdk;vJ}}

]][kwfwmajymawmh emvm;}}

]]eifuvnf; ighudk uGufausmf½dkufwmyJ}}

]]bm½dkufvdkYvJ}}

~ 48 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]eif bmjzpfvdkY ighudk trSeftwdkif; ajymNyD; ra&mif;cdkif;vJ? a&TqdkNyD;om a&mif;cdkif;w,f?

eifha&Tu 'pöudka&TawG}}

]][Jh...eif...a&TyGJpm;qdkNyD; rodbl;vm;? ig a&mif;wmudku 'pöudka&T? vdrfp&m rvdkbl;?

eifhbmom avmbwufNyD; vdrfa&mif;vdkY jyóemwufa&mrdkYvm;}}

]]awmfawmh a&Tvdrfr eifom}}

]]awmfawmf...a&Tvdrfwm ESpfOD;ESpfzufMum;rSm eifyJ igha&Tu puFmyla&G...}}

eyef;owfMujyefonf/ ppfOD;u qHyifzm;vsm;BuD;jzifh 0ifa&mufjzefajz&jyefonf/

rdef;rBuD;oHk;a,mufvdk vHK;axG;owfykwf jzefajzae&jyefonf/

tawmfMumrS &efyGJu NyD;qHk;oGm;onf/ rnfol½HI;í rnfolEdkifoGm;rSef;vnf; rod/

armBuD;yef;BuD; jzpfusef&pf&aom ppfOD;rSm tOD;qHk; jrifvdkuf&onfu oufoufNidrf;\ rsufESm/

]]eif bmrS rjzpfbl; r[kwfvm;}}

]]rjzpfygbl;}}

]]qkawmif;rjynfhygvm;aemf}}

]]bmvJ[}}

]]aeygOD; tck olwdkY&JU &efyGJMum;rSm eifu b,fvdkjzpf&wmvJ}}

]]b,fvdkrS rjzpf&ygbl; jzefajzwm}}

]]olwdkYu bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]bmjzpfrSef;awmh rodbl;}}

]]bmjzpfrSef; rodbJ 0ifjzefajzay;&vm;}}

]]at;av &efjzpfwm b,faumif;rvJ}}

]]eifeJYawmh cufygNyD}}

oufoufNidrf;u ]uRwf}ceJ pkwfoyfvsuf...

~ 49 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]a&TawGudk a&mif;ckdif;vdkufwJholu eifha,mufzavmif;[Jh}}

]]wifarmifb,folvJ}}

]]av;...a[h...av;}} (wifarmifav;[k qdkjcif; jzpfonf/)

]]igrS rodbJ}}

]]od&ifaum}}

]]jzefajzrSmyJ}}

]]olYzufu 0ifrxkd;bl;vm;}}

]][m tajcmufBuD;awGMum;rSm 0ifxdk;&r,fvdkY}}

]]ESpfa,mufvHk;u tajcmufBuD;awG r[kwfbl;? a,musfm;BuD;awG}}

]]at;av igu bmudpö 0ifxdk;&rSmvJ? jzefajzygw,fqdkrS 'gawmif udkwifarmifav;ucsnf;

udkufqGJaewm? [dku &THUav;eJY enf;enf;yJ ayguf&w,f}}

xdktcsdefrSmyJ oufoufNidrf;u tvefYwMum;

]][Jh...[Jh...[dkrSm armifESr bmjzpfwmvJ}}

Munhfvdkufawmh udkwifarmifav;ESifh jrLESif;at; (a':at;udk\ orD;)

udkwifarmifav;u a&SUrS y&rf;ywm ajy;NyD; jrLjrLu aemufrS vdkufaeonf/

udkwifarmifav;u ajy;ae&if; atmfonf/

]]atmifrav; uef;ygNyDAs? uRefawmhfrsufvHk;awG uef;ygNyD}}

aemufrS jrLjrLUtoHuvnf; xyfcsyfruGm/

]]udkav;...bmrSrjzpfygbl; &yfprf;ygOD;}}

raeom jyefojzifh qHyifudk aoaocsmcsm pnf;aESmifNyD; 0ifyg&jyefonf/

]]jrLjrL...jrL...[Jh...jrLjrL}}

~ 50 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

jrLjrLUudkyif renf;rdatmif zrf;&onf/ rdawmhrS...

]]bmjzpfwmvJ[Jh igudk ajymprf;ygOD;}}

]]ightpfudk...ightpfudk...}}

]]at;...igodygw,f? bmjzpfwmvJ}}

]]ckeu &efjzpfvmwm}}

]]igodw,f? igyJ jzefajzay;vdkufwm? tck bmjzpf&wmwkef;}}

]][dku olYudk &THUeJY aygufvdkufw,fwJh}}

]]at;av...[kwfygw,f? igodygw,f? odyfremygbl; ck bmjzpfvdkYwkef;}}

]]rsufpdxJudk 0ifoGm;vdkYwJh}}

]]tJh'gvnf; igodygw,f? tJh'Dhwkef;u 'Davmuf remygbl;}}

]]at;...ig rsufpOf;cwfay;wma[h? rsufpOf;atmufarhNyD; aumfbl;udk,lNyD; cwfay;vdkufwm?

rsufvHk;BuD; uyfoGm;NyD; bmrSrjrifawmhvdkY}}

]]a[mAsm...}}

xdktcsdefrSm udkwifarmifav;u opfyifBuD;ESifh 0ifwdkufum acwåtajy;&yfoGm;NyD

jzpfavonf/

~ 51 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [6]

bk&m;ocifonf
aoaeaomolwdkY\
bk&m;ocifr[kwf/
[12;27 &SifróJusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

nwkef;u twdtus ajym&vQifawmh raeYnwkef;u tjzpftysufudk jyefrajymcsif/ NyD; n

qdkaomfvnf; naecif;rSm jzpfyGm;cJhjcif;yif/

reufusawmh oufoufNidrf;aus;Zl;aMumifh xifonf/ olr&,f? 0if;rif; + vif;vif;&D

twGJ&,f? Edkif0if; + auoDEG,f wdkYtwGJ&,f a&mufvmMuonf/ oufoufNidrf;uawmh e,fcH
jzpfaeíxifh/ eif;uefqlavonf/ qlemrDivsifuyifvQif xdkrSpí A[dkjyKoa,mif &Sdonf/

]]iOD;...}}

]][if...}}

]]eif[mav jzpfvdkuf&if t&m&meJY taMumif;aMumif;csnf;yJ}}

]]tif;...}}

]]bm tif;vJ}}

]]r[kwfygbl;}}

]]bmr[kwfygbl;vJ}}

]tif;} [k ajymawmhvnf; vufrcH? r[kwfygbl; ajymawmhvnf; r&/ bmrSef;udk rodacs/

vif;vif;&Du vkd&if;udk 0ifar;\/

]]eif xdcdkuf'Pf&m &vmao;vm;}}

~ 52 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]r&ygbl;}}

auoDEG,fu &,f[[ESifh 0ifajymonf/ (&dwdwdESifh a[muf&ef tpysdK;jcif; jzpfonf/)

]]iOD;...}}

]][if...}}

]]eif oufoufNidrf;udk BudKufvdkufygvm;[m}}

]][ifhtif;? ½kyfuav;u rqdk;ygbl;? 'gayr,fh ol rsufcHk;yifhwmBuD; ig rBudKufbl;[}}

oufoufNidrf;u tvl;tvJ ckcHwdkufcdkufonf/

]]eifhudkaum b,folu BudKufcdkif;vdkYvJ}}

]]tckyJ eifha&SUrSm auoDu ajymaeNyDyJ}}

]]tJ...}}

oufoufNidrf;u bmjyefajym&rvJrod jzpfoGm;onf/ auoDu ppfOD;udk a[mufjrJ

qufa[mufonf/ ajcmufaygufoHESifh

]]eifhudk Munhf&wm bmaomurS &SdyHkr&bl;}}

]]bmudk aomu a&muf&rSmvJ}}

]]wu,fudk r&Sdwmvm;}}

]]wu,faygh}}

]]at; igwdkYuawmh eifhtwGuf ylvdkY ajymae&wma[h}}

]]eifwdkYu ightwGuf bmvdkY ylaewmvJ}}

]]bm...}}

0if;rif;ESifhEdkif0if;uyg 0ifatmfjcif;jzpfonf/ ppfOD; ar;onfuvnf; [kwfavonf/

[kwfwmudk ar;jcif;jzpfí [kwfavonf/ odkYaomf oufoufNidrf;? auoDEG,f?
vif;vif;&DwdkYESifhtwl 0if;rif;ESifhEdkif0if;uyg 0ifatmfMujcif; jzpfonf/

~ 53 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwfw,f rif;twGuf igwdkYu bmvdkYyl&rSmvJ}}

pum;0dkif;u &,f&cuf? idk&cuf jzpfoGm;onf/ ppfOD;u...

]]aMomf...'gjzifh ightwGuf rylMubl;aygh}}

]]ylawmhylwmaygh...pdwf...pdwf}}

]]'Dvdk[}}

olu tjzpftysufudk &Sif;jy&ef jyifonf/ tm;vHk;uvnf; em;&Gufudk,fpD axmifoGm;onf/

cifOD;uvnf; vufzufyef;uefav; udkifNyD; a&mufvmavonf/ ysdKwdkif;BudKufwJh ESif;qDcdkif
olr\ tpfudktaMumif;udk olruvnf; odcsifonfaygh/

olu...

]]xHk;pHtwdkif;uGm...}}

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]]igu jrLjrLwdkYtdrfudk oGm;w,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]½dk;½dk;roGm;bJ aemufaz;vrf;u oGm;w,f}}

jrLjrLwdkYtdrfwef;\ aemufbufjcrf;u vufuGif;jyifrsm;jzpf\/ jrufcif;jyifrsm;[k

qdkvQifvnf; &Edkifonf/ ,cktcg jruf½dkif;rsm; aygufaeaom wpfcgwkef;u v,fcif;jyif/

xdkzufrS avQmuftoGm; jyóemudk MuHK&jcif; jzpf\/

]]u,fMuygOD;...u,fMuygOD;&Sif}}

vrf;uav;rSmvnf; wpfOD;wpfa,mufpmrQom &Sdygonf/ xdkvrf;ay:rSmvnf; ol

wpfa,mufwnf;/

xdktoHu b,frSm xGufaeonfrSef; rod/

]]u,fawmfrlMuygOD; wGif;xJudk usaevdkYyg&Sif}}

~ 54 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]wGif;...}}

wGif;qdkawmh ol owd&vmonf/ a&SUzufvrf;eHab;rSm trdIufypf&ef jyifxm;aom

wGif;BuD;wpfwGif; &Sdonf/ xdkwGif;xJodkY vlwpfOD;? aocsmatmif ajym&vQif trsdK;orD;wpfOD;
xyfíaocsmatmif ajym&vQif trsdK;orD;BuD;wpfOD; usaeyHk&onf/

]]vmNyD...vmNyD...pdwfat;at;xm;}}

xdkodkY atmf[pf&if; ajy;toGm;...

]]avQm...}}

]]0kef;...}}

]][m...}}

olyg wGif;xJodkY jyKwfusoGm;avonf/

tusremyg/ opf&Gufpdrf; tpktjyHKrsm;ay:odkY a&mufoGm;í jzpfonf/ wGif;u

tawmfeufonf/ t0udk armhMunhfawmh aumif;uiftus,fBuD;udk vGwfvGwfuRwfuRwf
jrif&onf/ aumif;uifBuD;u bmrS0wfrxm;/

]]tm;yg;yg;}}

enf;enf;awmh cg;atmifhoGm;ovdk cHpm;&onf/ a&SUwnfhwnfhudk Munhfrdawmh olYudk

rsufvHk;jyL;ESifh jyefMunhfaeaom tefwDBuD;wpfOD;/ vHkvHkjcHKjcHK aqmifhaMumifhxdkifNyD; olYudk
rsufvHk;tjyL;om; Munhfae\/ olu...

]]tefwDBuD;u b,folvJ}}

]]atmifrm ighjyefar;ae&w,f eifu b,folvJ}}

]]uRefawmfu ppfOD;yg}}

]]atmifrm eifhudk igu rdwfzGJUaewm r[kwfbl;}}

]]tefwDBuD;yJ uRefawmf b,folvJqdk}}

]]at;av...eifu 'DwGif;xJ bm0ifvkyfwmvJ}}

~ 55 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tefwDBuD;uaum bm0ifvkyfaewmvJ}}

]]igu rawmfwq jyKwfuswma[h}}

]]'Dt&G,fBuD;u jyKwfus&w,fvdkY}}

]]atmifr,f b,ft&G,fusrS jyKwfus&rSmvJ? eifuaum bmudpö jyKwfus&wmvJ}}

]]uRefawmfu ta':BuD;atmfvdkY jyKwfus&wmaygh}}

]]bmqdkifvdkYvJ}}

]]qdkifw,f ta':BuD;udk tay:ulwifay;rvdkY ajy;vm&if; acsmfNyD; jyKwfuswm}}

trSefwu,fyif jzpf\/ rdk;OD;uspjyKNyDjzpfí vrf;awGu &THUajrqefNyD; acsmaeNyD jzpfonf/

ppfOD;rSm olwpfyg;tusdK;udk raqmifEdkifyJ udk,fusdK;vnf; ratmifol jzpfoGm;\/

]]uJ...}}

tefwDBuD;\ ]uJ}aMumifh ppfOD; vefYoGm;onf/ opf&Gufpdrf;awGMum; a&mufaeonfu

,m;usdusdESifh/ uRwfwG,frSmudkvnf; aMumuf&ao;\/ tefwDBuD;u...

]]uJ...ck igwdkY b,fvdkvkyfMurvJ}}

]ckrSawmh ckd;&mvdkufajy;Muwmaygh} [k ajymírjzpfyg/ tdk ajymíjzpfonf qdkvQifvnf;

rajymyg/ xdkYaMumifh

]]ckeu tefwDBuD; bmvkyfovJ}}

]]atmfw,fav}}

]]tif;av tckvnf; atmfMu½Hkaygh? 'ghxuf}}

]]bm 'ghxufvJ}}

]]tefwDBuD;udk uRefawmf jrifzl;ovdkyJ}}

]]b,fvdk}}

~ 56 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]taumif;ajymaewm aMomf...rSwfrdNyD? tefwDBuD;udk uRefawmf rSwfrdNyD}}

]]b,fvdk...}}

]]tefwDBuD;udk uRefawmf rSwfrdNyD? [dkwpfcg vrf;ay:rSm tefwDBuD;udk uRefawmf

acs;MuHK;ay;vdkufw,fav}}

]]bm...}}

]][kwfw,fav? rrSwfrdbl;vm;? tefwDBuD;udk uRefawmf acs;MuHK;ay;wm}}

]]eif...eif}}

tefwDBuD;crsm rsufESmBuD; &JwGwfum pum;udk a&SUrqufEdkif/ ppfOD;uvnf; ajymNyD;rSawmh

aemufrqkwfawmh? jzpf&yfrSefuvnf; &SdcJhonfyJav/

]]tJh'Dwkef;u &GmxJvrf;rSmav}}

]iSufBuD;awmif &yfuGuf} [k trnfajymifjzihf olwdkYac:a0:aom xdk&yfuGufudk

pum;xJajymvQif ]&GmxJ} [k xnfhajymavh&Sdonf/

]]tJh'Dhwkef;u AGuftdkifawGeJYqdkawmh vrf;uusOf;usOf;av; jzpfaew,fav? tefwDBuD;eJY

OD;yÍÆif;wpfyg; rsufESmcsif;qdkif MuHKaew,fav/ a&SmifoGm;zdkYuvnf; ab;rSm {&mr
EGm;acs;yHkBuD;eJYav/ tJh'g tefwDBuD;aum OD;yÍÆif;a&m tcufawGUaew,fav}}

tefwDBuD;\ rsufESmrSm rSwfrdrI t&dyfta,mif orf;vmonf/ tm;wufum ppfOD;u

'a&maomyg; qufajym\/

]]tJh'DrSm uRefawmfu tefwDBuD;&JU tcuftcJudk ulnDvdkufw,fav/ a&Smifcsif;a&Smif

vl'umrBuD;u a&Smif&rSm r[kwfvm;/ awGU&m tkwfuRwfjym;eJY uRefawmfu tJh'D EGm;acs;yHkudk
qGJMuHK;vTifhypfNyD; tefwDhudk ulnDay;w,fav}}

]]aMomf...ighudk acs;MuHK;ay;w,fqdkwm tJh'gvm;}}

]][kwfw,fav}}

tefwDBuD;u EIwfcrf;rJhum qufajym\/

]]acs;aum ukef;ray;vdkufbl;vm;}}

~ 57 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][ifhtif;...tefwDBuD;u acs;ukef;p&mrS rvdkbJ}}

]]aMomf...igu acs;rukef;bl;aygh}}

]]tif;av tefwDBuD; acs;rukef;ygbl;? 'Dtwdkif; xGufoGm;wmyJ}}

]]uJ[,f...}}

tefwDBuD;u eHab;rS opfudkif;ajcmuf/pdkrsm;jzifh ypfayguf\/

]][...[...}}

ppfOD;\ cE¨mudk,fudk wpfbwfbwf vmxdonf/ remaomfvnf; tae&cuf\/ wGif;u

rusOf;aomfvnf; rus,fojzifh a&SmifzkdYcufonf/

]]bwf...bwf...a'guf}}

]][m...tefwDBuD; vGefr,faemf}}

]]bmvdkY vGef&rSmvJ}}

]]bmvdkY uRefawmfhudk &efvkyfNyD; vdkufaygufaewmvJ}}

]]eifyJajymwm? igu acs;rukef;bl;qdk}}

]]aMomf...tefwDBuD;uvJ}}

]]tefwDBuD;u rvJeJY}}

]]tJh'gqdk uRefawmf jyifajymay;yghr,f? awGUorQvludk jyifajymay;yghr,f}}

]]b,fvdk jyifajymrSmvJ}}

]]aMomf...tefwDBuD; acs;ukef;ygw,fvdkYaygh}}

]]bm...}}

]]Asm...}}

]]zwf...bwf...a'guf}}

~ 58 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][m...tefwDBuD;u aygufjyefNyDAsm}}

]]'gawmif teD;rSm 'gyJ&SdvdkY uJ[,f...uJ[,f}}

]]tefwDBuD; raygufeJYawmhAsm? uRefawmf ajymjyay;yghr,fqdk/ vlpHkwJh ae&mwdkif;rSm uRefawmf

ajymjyay;r,f/ tefwDBuD; acs;ukef;ygw,f qdkwhJtaMumif;}}

]]eif...eif...uJ...trav;...uRwfawmh...uRwf}}

tefwDBuD; wufrwwf? csufrwwf jzpfoGm;onf/ ol qGJvdkufaom opfjrpfqHkwHk;ay:rSm

]uRwf} wpfaumifudk aqmifhawmifhawmifh taetxm;jzihf awGUvdkuf&í jzpfonf/

]]tefwDBuD; ryleJY? tJh'DuRwfudk uRefawmf ½dkufowfvdkufr,f}}

wu,fyJ ½dkufowfvdkufygonf/ olrBuD; auseyfatmifvnf; atmf&ao;\/

]]uJuGm...ightefwDBuD;u acs;ukef;w,fuG/
tif... ightefwDBuD; acs;rukef;bl;xifOD;/
a&mh...'g acs;ukef;wJh ighta':BuD;twGuf? aeygOD; 'DrSm uRwfu aoygNyD? tefwDBuD;u
bmvdkY idkrvdk jzpfaewmvJ}}

xdktcsdefrSmyJ wGif;0rS toHMum;&onf/ MoZm"mwfygaom vlBuD;oHjzpfonf/

]]wGif;xJrSm vlawG &Sdaeygvm;}}

ppfOD;u 0rf;omtm;& jyefatmfrdonf/ tm[m& jywfaeaom vli,ftoHrsdK;jzifh...

]][kwfuJh...&Sdygw,fcifAs...&Sdygw,f}}

wGif;ay:rS vlrsm;u olwdkYudk iHkYMunhfum...

]]rif;wdkYu wGif;xJudk bm0ifvkyfaewmvJ}}

]]bm0ifvkyf&rSmvJ jyKwfusaewmayghAsm}}

]]aeygOD;...[kd[mu a':at;udk r[kwfvm;}}

tefwDBuD;\toHu aAsmuftdk;azmufoHuJhodkY xGufvmonf/

~ 59 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]trav;awmf udkatmifoef; &Sifu uRefrudkawmif rrSwfrdawmhbl;vm;}}

OD;atmifoef;qdkaom vlBuD;u...

]]rSwfrdygw,f? rSwfrdygw,f? ½kwfw&ufrdkY aMumifoGm;wmyg/ 'ghxuf aeygOD;?

bmudpöwGif;xJudk 'Daumifav;eJYtwlwl a&mufaewmvJ}}

]]bm&Sifh...}}

]][dk...tJ...r[kwfbl;av}}

]][kwfygw,f...[kwfygw,f}}

]]r[kwfygbl;...r[kwfygbl;}}

]]bmr[kwfygbl;vJ...[kwfw,f}}

]][dkav...r[kwfygbl;qdk}}

xdktcsdefrSm ppfOD;u xkdtefwDBuD;onf jrLjrLwdkY\tar (trnfwl r&SdEdkifaom) a':at;udk

qdkwm jzpfaMumif;udk &dyfrdcJhygNyD/ odkYaomf wGif;xdyfrS tefu,fBuD;onf a':at;udk udk (uGrf;pm;?
aq;aomuf? usaysmufovdkrsdK;) cspfa&;qdkxm;aMumif; rodao;acs/ xdktefu,fBuD;onfum;
&yfuGufvlBuD; OD;atmifoef; jzpfonf/

]]uJ...uJ...cifAsm;wdkY tay:jyefa&mufatmif pDpOfay;r,f}}

OD;atmifoef;ESifh taygif;tygESpfOD;wdkY\ BudK;pm;rIaMumifh olESifhtefwDBuD;wdkY ajray:

jyefa&mufoGm;onf/ (tpuawmh ajratmuf*dkPf;om;awGvdkvdk)

wGif;ay:a&mufrS tefwDBuD;\ oabmxm; jrifhrm;rIudk od&\/

]][dkaumifav;...ightdrfvdkufcJh}}

]]crsm...}}

]]eifu ighudk ulnDzdkY a&mufvmwmyJ? ighaMumifh tck &THUawG ayaeNyD/ tdrfrSm a&vdkufcsdK;csnf}}

]][dk...t0wftpm;awGua&m}}

]]tdrfrSm oGm;avolBuD;&JU ypönf;awG? t0wftxnfawG &Sdw,f}}

~ 60 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

xdktcgusrS jrLjrLonf zwqdk;av;jzpfaMumif;? a':at;udkonf rkqdk;rjzpfaMumif; ppfOD;

odvdkuf&\/

tdrfBudKtdrfMum;rS ywfoGm;vdkufaomtcg jrLjrLwdkYtdrf (odkYr[kwf) a':at;udk\tdrfudk

csufcsif;a&mufvmonf/ oyf&yfaom ysOfaxmiftdrfBuD;wpfvHk; jzpfaMumif; qdkcJhNyD;NyD/

xrif;pm;csdef tdrfjyefa&mufaeaom udkwifarmifOD;u

]][if...taru b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ}}

]]trdIufusif;xJ jyKwfusvdkY}}

olronfvnf; npfywfaeonfudk;/ olrenf;wl npfywfaeonfu ol/

]]'Daumifav;vnf; ighvdkyJ}}

udkwifarmifOD;u olYudk rvdkwrmMunhfum...

]]rif;om ighwynfhqdk&if twD;yJ}}

]]uRefawmfom cifAsm;q&m qdk&ifaum}}

ppfOD;uvnf; pdwfwdkwdkESifh jyefcHyufrdonf/

]]tJ...}}

udkwifarmifOD; tajz& MuyfoGm;onf/ xdkYaMumifh olu atmifrSwf ray;acs/ usL&Sifq&m

vkyfaeNyD;awmhrsm;/

udkwifarmifOD;u olYtarudk ajymonf/

]]tar a&mufvmwm tawmfyJ? uRefawmf usL&SifoGm;rvdkY? uRefawmhftcsdef eD;aeNyD/

'Daumifav;udkvnf; a&rdk;csdK;cdkif;NyD; jyefvTwfvdkufawmh? cPMum&if jrLjrL jyefvmvdrfhr,f?
vrf;xdyfcPoGm;w,f}}

udkwifarmifOD; xGufoGm;awmh a':at;udku...

]]rif; 'DrSmxdkifOD;? NidrfNidrfxdkifaemf? npfwD;npfywf cE¨mudk,fBuD;eJY [dkoGm;'DoGm;

avQmufvkyfraeeJY/ ig a&csdK;vdkufOD;r,f}}

~ 61 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwf...}}

olr rSmoGm;aom pum;twdkif;yJ NidrfNidrfav; xdkifaevdkufygonf/ eH&Hay:rSm uyfxm;aom

rdefYcGef;pm&Gufudk zwfrdonf/

]]Adkvfrif;wyfrif;taygif;wdkY...
igwdkYonf t*FvdyfwdkYtm; "n0wDbufrS ajcmufvSefYarmif;ESifvdkuf&m ukef;aMumif;bufrS
r0ifomí a&aMumif;rS vSnhfywfvma&muf xdyg;aESmifh,SufaeacsNyD/ "n0wDjynfe,fjcm;wGif
wdkufpOf igwdkYrSm opöm&Sdaom vlrsdK;rSefonfh tm;avsmfpGm rdrdydkifeuf e,fajrudk rw&m;ojzifh
,lxm;olxHrS jyefvnf&½Hk oabmydkufí wdkufcdkufcJhMuonf/ a&SUodkY avmbwBuD;
wdk;wufodrf;,ljcif; rjyKbJ t*Fvdyf ukvm;jzLwdkY\ tajctaeudk Munhf½Iapmifhpm; aecJhMuonf/
wpfuRef;om;ukvm;jzL t*FvdyfwdkYonf igwdkYpdwfoabmuJhodkY r[kwfrlí EdkifhxufpD;eif;
MuHpnfvsuf vma&mufapmfum; &efp jyjyefacsNyD/ þta&;ü ayghayghqqjyKMuvQif
igwdkYwpfrsdK;vHk; olwdkY\ uRefb0odkY a&mufMu&csdrhfrnf/ rdpmävlrsdK;wdkY\ uRefjzpf&jcif;xuf
jrefrm\ *kPfrnd§K;&ef wdkufcdkuf&if; vJao&onfu &mZ0ifajymifí jrwfay;ao;\/
,ckta&;onf igwdkY\ bk&m;ajrudk igwdkYaoG;jzifh qufí toufESifh vJ,l&rnfhta&;
jzpfacsonf/}}

xdkrdefYcGef;udk wpfcgrS rMum;zl; rzwfzl;í Za0Z0gyif jzpf&onf/ rdefYcGef;>rufMum;ol\

trnfudkvnf; atmufrSm a&;xdk;rxm;/

xkdpOfrSmyJ

]]aMomf...ightareJYtwl wGif;xJjyKwfusw,fqdkwm eifudk;}}

toHESifhtwl jrLjrL a&mufvmonf/

]]at;...[kwfw,f}}

]]'DrSm bmxdkifvkyfaewmvJ}}

]]eifhtarudk apmifhaewm}}

]]npfnpfywfywfBuD;eJY}}

]]at;av tJh'gaMumifh eifhtarNyD;&if ig a&csdK;rvdkY}}

]]eifeJYtareJYu b,fwkef;u odaewmvJ}}

~ 62 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]ckrS}}

olru olYudk wpfcsufMunhfum bmrS qufrajymawmhbJ tdrfwGif;cef;xJ vSnfh0ifoGm;onf/

ra&S;raESmif;qdkovdk udkwifarmifvwf tjyifrS a&mufvmum olYudk

]]rif;u b,fvdkjzpfwmwkef;}}

]][dk wGif;xJ jyKwfusvdkY}}

]]rif;uGm jyKwfusp&m &Sm;vkdY wGif;xJrS jyKwfus&w,fvdkY}}

]]trdIufwGif;ygAs}}

]]at;yg...igMum;NyD;ygNyD? rif;ES,f ausmfraumif; Mum;raumif; 'Dt&G,fBuD;usrS wGif;xJ

jyKwfus&w,fvdkY}}

]]t,f...}}

olYtarBuD;usawmh b,fvdkvkyfrnfenf;/

ajym&if;qdk&if; aemufrS odonf/ udkwifarmifvwfu owif;udk b,fvdkMum;vmonf rod/

wGif;xJudk olYtaru t&ifjyKwfusaeaMumif; ol rod/ ppfOD;bmom jyKwfusNyD; oli,fcsif;jzpfol
jrLjrLwdkYtdrfrSm udk,fvufaq;aMumonf[k odvmjcif;yif/

ppfOD; &Sif;jyrS vdyfywfvnfonf/ jyefxGufvmaom jrLjrLuvnf; 0if&Sif;jyonf/ olru

a&csdK;aeaom rdcifxHrS aoaocsmcsm odNyD;NyD/

ppfOD;u

]]jrLjrL}}

]]bmvJ}}

]][dkeH&HrSm a&;xm;wJh rdefYcGef;u b,folajymwmvJ}}

]]eif pOf;pm;Munhfav}}

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~ 63 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tif;...}}

]]oDaygrif;&JU rdefYcGef;awmh r[kwfbl;}}

]]at;...rif;BuD; r[mAE¨Kv&JU rdefYcGef;}}

]]w,f[kwfygvm;? &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg;? eifa&;xm;wmvm;}}

]iga&;xm;wm} [laom ajzoHESifhtwl olrwdkY\ rdcifBuD; a':at;udku a&rdk;csdK;

t0wftpm;vJNyD; xGufvmonf/ ]aMomf AE¨KvaoG;ayyJ} [k wpfzufrS csD;usL;*kPfjyKrdovdk
]u,fawmfrlMuyg&Sif...u,fawmfrlMuyg} qdkaom wGif;xJrS olrBuD;toHudk jyefMum;a,mifum
&,fcsifrdonf/

~ 64 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [7]

toD;udkaxmufí
tyif\ oabmudk od&\/
[6;44 &Sifvkumusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

jrLjrLwdkYtdrfrS jyefxGufNyD; &yfuGufxJ (olwdkYtac: &GmxJ)odkY ppfOD; avQmufMunfhjzpf onf/

wpfcgrS ESHYESHYpyfpyf vdkufrMunhfbl;í jzpfonf/

vufvkyfvufpm;awG rsm;Muygonf/ ysHustvkyform; trsm;pk aexdkifMuyHk&onf/

qif;&Jom; trsm;pk\ "edrdk;x&Hum tdrfav;rsm;ESifh zGJUpnf;xm;\/ odkYaomf vlawGu ]'if}
awGcsnf; jzpfyHk&\/ vuform;qdk q&m? yef;&Hqdk acgif;aqmif xdkolrsm; aexdkifMuyHk &onf/

jrLjrLwdkYtdrfuawmh xdk&yfuGufxJrSm aiGaMu;tawmfoHk;EdkifyHk&onf/ a':at;udk\

ukefpHkqdkifudk wpf&yfuGufvHk;u rSDxm;&yHkay:onf/

[dkai;onfai;ESifh vrf;csdK;wpfckudk tauGU...

]][if...}}

rsufvHk;awG jymoGm;onf/ [kwfrS[kwf&JUvm;[k taotcsm Munhf,l&onf/ [kwfonf/

aocsmonf/ olruvnf; olYudk jrifoGm;onf/

]]udkudk}}

[if;...aoNyD/

bmrSrqdkif/ wpfzufrS aumifrav;u olYqDudk uEGJUuvs ajy;vmNyD/

]]udkudkYudk 'DrSmawGUr,fvdkY b,fvdkrS xifrxm;bl;/ b,fudk vmwmvJ}}

]]'Dem;u todwpfa,mufqD}}

~ 64 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]awGUNyD;NyDvm;}}

]]awGUNyD;NyD}}

]]'gqdk tat;qdkif xdkifMur,f? 0g0gvnf; udpöNyD;NyD/ vmudkudk [dkqdkifudk/ trav;awmf

csdef;xm;&ifawmif vGJOD;r,f}}

[kwfyghAsm...[kwfygh...ighES,faemf/

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u tat;qdkifxJodkY OD;aqmif0ifonf/ oufjyif;BuD;csNyD; aemufrS ol

vdkuf0ifoGm;onf/

]]udkudk bmaomufrvJ}}

]]z½lwdk}}

olruyJ tat;rSmay;\/ olruvnf; z½lwdkyJ aomufonf/

]]0g0gwdkYtdrfu tvSLvkyfrvdkY}}

]]bmtxdrf;trSwfvJ}}

]]bGm;bGm;BuD;qHk;wJh ESpfywfvnfav? bkef;BuD;qGrf;uyfrvdkY}}

]]aMomf...tif;}}

]]tJh'g 'efaygufcsufwwfwJhvludk vmiSm;wm? tqifajyygw,f}}

]]tif;...aumif;wmaygh}}

]]'ghxuf udkudkYudk ar;&OD;r,f}}

]]bmvJ}}

ydkufqHtdwfav;xJrS pm&Gufwpf&Gufudk cJcJ,Of;,Of; olr xkwf,l\/ NyD;awmhrS olYem;xJodkY

AHk;MuJcsavonf/

]]udkudk r*¾Zif;rSmygwJh uAsmwpfyk'fav? tJh'gudk 0g ul;xm;wm}}

~ 65 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

'ku©awmh pjyefNyD/

]]udkudk 'DuAsmudk bmpdwful;eJY a&;wmvJ[if}}

]]bmuAsmvJ}}

]]'DrSmav}}

olajymonfh uAsmudk pm&Gufapmif;NyD; Munhfvdkufonf/ uAsmtrnfu ]r&Sdbl;}wJh/

aoygNyDAsmvdkY atmfcsifoGm;onf/

uAsmu atmufygtwdkif; jzpfonf/

-[dkbufwd kufacgifrdk;ay:rSm cdkuav;awG&Sdw,f/

ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-oefY&Sif;a&;tvkyforrSm ydawmufyef;av;&Sdw,f/
ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-oHvGifjrpfxJrSm a&awG&Sdw,f/
ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-OD;OmPfay:rSm pGyfus,foHk;xnf&S dw,f/

ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-armifarmifhrSm c,fr&Sdw,f/
ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-tJh'DhacG;BuD;rSm vnfywf&S dw,f/

ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-jzwfoGm;wJh rdef;rrSm wifBuD;BuD;&Sdw,f/

ightem;rSm b,folrS r&Sdbl;/

-ightem;rSm b,folrS r&SdwJhtqHk;

igvnf; r&Sdawmhbl;

]]0g0gar;csifwmu 'Dvkdav}}

~ 66 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]ajym}}

]][dkbufwdkufacgifrdk;ay:rSm cdkawG&Sdw,f r[kwfvm;}}

]]tif;}}

]]tJh'gaygh...udkudkYwdkufacgifrdk;ay:rSmvnf; cdkawG&Sd&if &SdrSmaygh}}

]]tif;...&Sd&if&SdrSmaygh}}

]]tif;...tJh'gqdk [kwfNyD? aemufxyf ar;p&mawG &Sdao;w,f}}

rodrom yifhouf½dIufrdonf/

]]tif;}}

]]oefY&Sif;a&;tvkyforuvnf; ydawmufyef; yefcGifh&Sdw,f r[kwfvm;}}

]]tm...odyf&Sdwmaygh}}

]]oHvGifjrpfxJrSm &Sdwmuawmh a&awGwif rubl;xifw,f}}

]]tif;...[kwfw,f}}

]]OD;OmPfay:rSmu pGyfus,foHk;xnf &Sdw,fqdk}}

]]tif;...}}

]]tJh'gudk udkudku b,fvkdvkyfodvJ}}

]]'gudkyJ vSnfh0wfaewmukd;}}

]]olu tJh'DhpGyfus,foHk;xnfudk b,fu&vJ}}

]]olYorD;awG 0,fxm;wm? raumif;wwfvdkY ay;0wfxm;wm}}

]]armifarmifhc,frqdkwmuaum}}

]]armifarmifhrdef;r&JU nDraygh}}

~ 67 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]xm;ygawmh acG;BuD;vnfywfudk b,folwyfay;wmvJ}}

]]olYocifu pGyfay;vdkufwm}}

]]NyD;awmh}}

]]aeOD;aemf...tat;aomufvdkufOD;r,f}}

tat;aomufcsdefav; cPyJ em;&ygonf/ awmfygao;\/ uAsmu NyD;awmhrnf/ odkYaomf

qHk;onfhtydkif;u 0ifvmonf/

]]jzwfoGm;wJh rdef;ru b,folvJ}}

]]b,fodrvJ}}

]]olYrSm wifBuD;BuD; &Sdw,fqdk}}

]][kwfw,f}}

]]udkudku b,fvdkvkyf odvdkufwmvJ}}

]]MunhfvdkufrdvdkY}}

]]bmvdkYoGm;MunhfwmvJ}}

]]rMunhfcsif jrif&ufom; jzpfaewmudk;}}

]]olYbmom wifBuD;wm udkudkeJY bmqdkifvdkYwkef;}}

]]rqdkifygbl;? olYyg&rDeJYol jzpfwmudk}}

]]tJh'gqdk bmqdkifvdkY xnfha&;wmvJ}}

]]olu wifBuD;wmudk;}}

]]a[mhawmf}}

olr pum; t oGm;onf/ NyD;rS

]]uJ...xm;ygawmh}}

~ 68 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tif;...}}

]]tem;rSm b,folrS r&SdawmhwmeYJ udkudkuaum bmvdkY r&SdawmhwmvJ}}

]]rodbl;av? olYbmom r&Sdawmhwmudk}}

]]r&SdawmhbJeJY udkudku b,fvdkvkyf 'DuAsmudk a&;ovJ}}

]]arSmf0ifNyD; a&;vdkufwm}}

]]aeygOD; udkudku bmjzpfvdkY r&SdawmhwmvJ}}

]]vmjyefNyD r&SdawmhwJh[mudk}}

]]bmjzpfvdkY r&SdawmhwmvJ}}

]]aysmufoGm;vdkY}}

]]bmjzpfvdkY aysmufoGm;wmvJ}}

]]r&SdawmhvdkY}}

]]udkudkaemf...ar;&wm pdwfnpfvmNyD}}

]]rnpfeJY ckawmif aysmufoGm;awmhrSm}}

]]bm...b,fvdkjzpfvdkY}}

olYcrsm vefYzsefYNyD; olYudk udkifxm;qGJxm;&rvdk jzpfao;onf/

]]b,f b,fvdkaysmufrSmvJ}}

]]'Dqdkifu xGufNyD; [dkbufqdkifudk oGm;awmhrvkdY}}

]][if...[dkbufqdkif}}

]]tif;}}

~ 69 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

ol nTefjyaom [dkbufqdkifu taxGaxG pm;aomufqdkif jzpf\/ t&ufawG bD,mawGyg

&\/ 0rf;omp&m (olYtwGuf) aumif;onfu Edkif0if;+auoDEG,f wdkY a&muf&Sdaejcif; jzpfonf/

b,fub,fvdk a&mufvmMuonfrod/ olwdkYu olYudk rjrif/ rSmxm;aom

tpm;taomufawGudkom t½HI;ray;&avatmif ukef;wkyfaeMuonf/

olu xdktwGJqD 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;udk vufnd§K;nTefjyí

]]ig olwdkYqD oGm;&OD;r,f[? eifvnf; jyefawmhaemf? awmfMum wdkYMum;xJrSm uefYvefYuefYvefY

jzpfaer,f/ eif taeMuyfvdrfhr,f? tJh'gaMumifhyg}}

]][Gef;...}}

0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u odyfrauseyfacs/

ta&;aumif; 'def;a'gif;zsufonf qdkaom trlt&mrsdK;ESifh rsufESmu raumif;/ oufjyif;udk

r&Snf&Snfatmif rIwfxkwfum ol rMum;Mum;atmif toHjyKavonf/ xdkYaemuf eDudk&J
vufz0g;avmufpm ydkufqHtdwfav;udk xkwfí (udk) rif;vlvdk r0Hhr&JESifh aiGEdIuf,lum &Sif;jyKNyD;
tMunfawmfvdk ajcvSrf;MuJMuJESifh xGufoGm;avonf/ oluawmh tb/q&m/OD;atmifoif;
avoHjzifh usef&pfcJh\/

]]aMomf...rsdK;qufopf wdk;wuf&pfygapawmh}}

Edkif0if;ESifh auoDEG,fwdkYqD ul;oGm;vdkufonf/ olYudkawGUawmh ESpfa,mufom; rsufESmawG

0if;yoGm;onf/

]][m...ppfOD; b,fudk vmwmvJ}}

]]'D&GmxJudk vmwmyJ? aeygOD; rif;wdkYuaum}}

Edkif0if;u auoDEG,fhudk ar;qwfjyum...

]]auoDwdkYtdrfu OD;&SifBuD; wifrvdkYuGm}}

]]bmvJ OD;&SifBuD;u 'D&GmxJrSm aevdkYvm;}}

]]rif;uawmh vkyfNyD? OD;&SifBuD; yifhwJhvludk vmiSm;wmayghuGm}}

]]&vm;}}

~ 70 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]&w,f? udpöNyD;awmh Adkufqmqm &SdwmeJY 'DrSm xdkif0g;aewm? rif;vmwmeJY tawmfyJ?

bD,mcs&atmif}}

]]vkyfav}}

]]eifwdkYaemf}}

auoDEG,fu [efYoHvdkvdkESifh

]]trsm;BuD; raomuf&bl;}}

]]at;yg tenf;BuD; aomufrSmyg}}

ppfOD;\ pum;tqHk;rSm olwdkY &,fjzpfMuonf/ auoDEG,fu ta&;qdkjyef\/

]]aomufcsif&ifvnf; 'DqdkifrSm raomufbJ wjcm;qdkifrSm aomufMu&atmif[m}}

]]bmjzpfvkdYvJ}}

]][dkbuf0dkif;u aumifawG ighudk &doJhoJh vkyfaew,f[}}

]]a[...Edkif0if;yg&ufeJY}}

]]at;av}}

ppfOD; tuJcwf Munhfrdonf/ [kwfawmhvnf; [kwfonf/ wpfzuf0dkif;rS

vli,fav;a,mufu EdkifiHjcm;jzpf tcg;&nfawG aomufxm;NyD; tawmfuav; aoG;<uaeyHk
&onf/ &Da0aom rsufvHk;rsm;jzifh auoDEG,fhudk vSrf;vSrf;MunfhNyD; &daxhaeonf/ ½dkif;vnf;
½dkif;onf/

]]qHyif 'Dhxuf&Snfvdkuf&if ydkvSr,fh Z,m;av;uG}}

]]rif;bmom qHyif&SnfvmwJhtxd apmifhayghuGm}}

]][ifhtif;...[ifhtif;...apmifhbl; apmihfbl;}}

0g;ceJ 0dkif;&,fMuonf/ ESpfa,mufu tay:tusÐ 0wfrxm;Mu/ xdktxJrS wpfa,mufu

&ifbwfwGif ]rif;wdkYtBudKuf rdkufjyr,f} [laom pmwrf;udk pkwfxdk;a&;om;xm;\/

]]bmMunhfwmvJ taygif;toif;}}

~ 71 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

ppfOD; rsufvHk;vTJvdkufonf/ qdkifxJrSmu olwdkYESpf0dkif;wnf; &Sdonf/ pm;yGJxdk;av;

ESpfa,mufu pdk;&drfaom rsufESmjzifh Munhfaeonf/ qdkif&Sifudkawmh rawGUrd/

]]ajzOD;av taygif;toif;&JU udk,fhudk bmMunhfwmvJvdkY}}

&,farm acgif;cgjyvsuf pm;yGJxkd;udk vSrf;ac:vdkufonf/ pm;yGJxdk;av;u tvsiftjref

ajy;vmonf/ ppfOD;u tdwfxJ vufEdIufNyD; ydkufqHtcsdKUudk xkwf,lawmh xdkvluvnf;
xvmonf/

]]jyefawmhrvdkYvm; taygif;toif;&JU? jrefvdkufwm}}

pm;yGJxkd;av;u ppfOD;xkwfay;aom aiGpuúLrsm;udk Munfhum...

]]tpfudk rsm;aew,f}}

]]usefwmudk avsmfaMu;,lxm;vdkufuGm}}

]]Asm...avsmfaMu;}}

]]at;...}}

aMumifttjzpfaeaom pm;yGJxdk;av;udk ab;wGef;z,fum xdkiwdudk xdkifaeaomcHkESifh

aumuf½dkufvkdufonf/

jrefvGef;ojzifh iwdu ra&SmifEdkif/ (yef;ueftcsdKUvnf; arSmufoGm;onf)

]]ajzmif;...}}

]]tm;...}}

csdKapmif;uGJNyD; acGusoGm;onf/

olY0dkif;rS usefoHk;a,mufu 0kef;ceJ x&yfMuonf/

]]vmMuav}}

ppfOD;u cHkudk vufxJrSm a0SU&rf;NyD; pdefac:vdkufonf/ ESpfa,mufu olwdkYvludk qGJxlNyD;

usefwpfa,mufu ppfOD;udk &ifqdkifrnftjyK

~ 72 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]a[h...a[h...awmfMuprf;}}

wm;jrpfoHESifhtwl vl&G,fwpfa,muf qdkifxJ0ifvmonf/ qdkiftwGuf 0,fvmonf[k

,lq&aom ypönf;rsm;vnf; vufxJrSm ygvmonf/ vufxJrSm ypönf;rsm;udk pm;yGJwpfvHk;ay:
wifNyD; ppfOD;wdkYMum;rSm 0if&yf\/ tusÐrJh aemufwpfOD;/

]]ukvm;BuD;&m}}

ukvm;BuD;qdkolu rsufESmaoav;ESifh (xdkvl&G,fu qdkif&SifjzpfyHk&onf)

]]'DqdkifrSm xdkif&if jyóemr&SmygeJYvdkY ig twefwef rSmxm;&ufeJY}}

bmrSjyefrajym/

]]uJ...jyefMu jyefMu? rif;wdkY pm;aomufxm;wmawGudk aemufrS&Sif;}}

olwdkYvludk olwdkYqGJum 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om xGufoGm;Muonf/ (aemif ray;&rSm usaeonfyJ)

NyD; qdkif&Sifvl&G,fudkvnf; aMumufyHk&onf/ olwdkY xGufoGm;rS qdkif&Sifvl&G,fu olwdkYudk
wpfcsufMunhfum...

]]cifAsm;wdkYu 'D&yfuGufxJu r[kwfbl; xifw,f}}

Edkif0if;u 0ifajymonf/

]]olwdkYu trsdK;rsdK; &efpvdkY &efjzpfrdwmyg}}

]]odygw,f usKyfvlawGtaMumif; usKyfodw,f}}

]]uRefrwdkY}}

auoDEG,fu ta&;xJrSm pum;xpfaeao;onf/ NyD;rS

]]uRefrwdkY tavsmfb,fvdk ay;&rvJ}}

]]tif; tJh'gu}}

]]uRefrwdkYvlu ½dkufvkdufwm}}

]]usKyfjrifygw,f aeygOD;}}

~ 73 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

olu ppfOD;udk ajcqHk;acgif;qHk; Munhfum

]]½dkufvdkufwm cifAsm;aemf}}

]][kwfygw,f "g;ppfOD;qdkwm usKyfyJ}}

Edkif0if;ESifh auoDEG,fu ppfOD;tpm; tonf;,m;oGm;onf/ bmawG avQmufajymaeoenf;

rod/

]][kwfygNyD cifAsm;udk usKyf jrifzl;ovdkvdk &Sdaewm}}

]]usKyfvdkYxif&if usKyfyJayghAsm}}

]]aMomf...[kwfuJh}}

]]cifAsm; ajymoHMum;zl;rSmyg/ ppfOD;u oabmaumif;w,f/ 'gayr,fh "g;xdk;yufpufw,f

qdkwmudk}}

]][kwfuJh Mum;zl;ygw,f}}

]]tck usKyfESajrmwm wpfckyJ &Sdw,f}}

]][kwfuJh ajymyg}}

qdkif&Sifvli,fu usdK;usdK;EGHEGHyJ jzpf\/ ppfOD;udkawmh r,Hkr&J rsufvHk;rsm;ESifh MunhfaeqJ/

ppfOD;uvnf; avudk enf;enf;rS ravQmh/

]]usKyfu oGm;avolBuD;wpfa,muf&JU tusÐÐudk 0wfvmwm? olYtusÐudk aoG;awG

pGef;oGm;w,f? tJh'g usKyftm;emw,f? usKyf ½dkufvdkufwJhaumif emrnfu b,fol}}

]]ukvm;BuD; (ac:) *sykav;yg}}

b,fvdkemrnfBuD;vJ[? ½dkuf&wm rwefvkdufwm[k ppfOD; awG;rdonf/ xdktcdkufrSmyJ

]]aMomf...rif;udk;}}

vSnfhMunhfrdawmh a':at;udk? olYeHab;rSmu ]jrL} cspfaom jrLjrL/

a':at;udku ppfOD;udk

~ 74 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]wGif;xJjyKwfus½HkeJY tm;r&bJ b,fhES,f &efjzpfowHk;}}

olusawmh wGif;xJ rjyKwfuscJhovdkvdk/ b,fvdk a,mu©ravmif;BuD;vJ rod/ olru

qufajymrSyJ olrwdkY &mZ0ifudk od&awmhonf/ olrBuD;u qdkif&Sifvl&G,fudk

]]rif;qdkifrSm &efjzpfMuw,f qdkvdkY}}

]][kwfw,f tar olwdkYyJ? NyD;oGm;ygNyD/ 'gayr,fh wpfckawmh &Sdw,f}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]om; t0wftpm;awG 0wfNyD; oGm;avolBuD;&JU t0wftpm;vdkY ajymaew,f}}

]]aMomf...'guawmh taru rif;taz t0wftpm;awG ay;cgeD;rS ESajrmvdkY?

'Dt0wftpm;awGudk jyefray;rSmpkd;vdkY rif;t0wftpm;awGudk ay;vdkufwmyg
[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J...[J}}

~ 75 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [8]

tcsif;pmwef
ighaemufodkY qkwfavmh/

[4;8 &Sifvkumusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

Edkif0if;ESifh auoDEG,fwdkYu &efjzpfonfhtydkif;udk odNyD;om; jzpfaomfvnf; wGif;xJusonfh

a&SUydkif;u@udk rodao;ojzifh xdkifem;axmifaejcif; jzpfonf/ tpydkif;rSm ppfOD;u wdk;wdk;ajymjcif;
jzpfaomfvnf; ajym&if;ajym&if;ESifh pdwfygNyD; toHu us,fvmonf/ olYtoHudk bk&m;cef;xJ
a&mufaeaom azazESifhararuyg Mum;ae&onf/

azazhtoH xGufvmonf/

]]tif;...rif;om; *spfwl;awmh &efjzpfvmNyD}}

]]ol bmrSjzpfrvmwmbJ awmfao;w,f}}

]]olrsm;u jzpfoGm;awmhvnf; b,faumif;rvJuG}}

]]&Sifhom;uvnf; vufudk jrefvGef;ygw,f}}

xdkpum;oHrsm;\ aemufrSaeí olwdkYqDudk arara&mufvmonf/

]]om;...armifOD;}}

]]Asm...}}

]]&efjzpfwm raumif;bl;aemf}}

]][kwfuJhyg arar&JU}}

]]aemifudk tJh'DvdktoH rMum;csifbl;}}

]][kwfuJh}}

~ 75 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]ig vkyfvdkufEdkifw,f qdkNyD;awmhvnf; *kPfr,leJY? rif;tazvdk jzpfaer,f}}

azazyg vdkufxGufvmonf/ ararhudk

]]rif; ighudk bmt&SufcGJOD;rvdkYvJ}}

]]&Sif abmvHk;uefwkef;u udpöav}}

]]MumvSygNyDuGm? uav;b0uwnf;u [mawG}}

]]'gayr,fh Oyrmawmh ay;&rSmyJ}}

]]wjcm;[mawG Oyrmay;ygvm;uGm? Oyrm tDA&m[ifvifuGef;u b,fvdkwdkY

usefppfrif;BuD;u b,fhES,fwdkY}}

]]tdk...udkbOD; &SdaerSawmh olwdkYawG rvkdygbl;/ olwdkYawGudk Oyrmay;wmxuf &Sifhvdk

udkbOD;udk Oyrmay;wm ydkaumif;wmaygh/ [kwfw,f r[kwfvm; om;}}

]][kwf...[kwf}}

]]rif;tazi,fi,fu abmvHk;uefwkef;uav? wdkYausmif;aygif;pHk abmvHk;NydKifyGJ

AdkvfykyGJrSmwkef;uaygh}}

]][kwf}}

azazESifhararu rlvwef;b0uwnf;u ausmif;NyD;onftxd twlwl/ NyD; olwdkYrdkY

rysif;r&dEdkifbJ wpfa,mufudkwpfa,muf ,lvdkufMuonf/

]]wpfzuftoif;uvnf; aumif;awmh rif;wdkYtazbufuvnf; *dk;roGif;Edkifbl;ayghuG,f/

yGJNyD;cgeD;usrS rif;tazu tEdkif*dk;udk oGif;vdkufw,f/ tm;vHk; 0rf;omoGm;wmaygh/ olYudk ayGUzuf
csD;usL;zdkY vkyfw,f/ rif;tazuvnf; tJh'DvdkyJ useftoif;om;awGqDudk tajy;tvTm;aygh/}}

]][kwfuJh}}

]]'gayr,fh ol xifovdk ayGUzufcsD;usL;wm rcH&bl;av/ tem;a&mufrS jyefjyefvSnhfajy;

oGm;wJhvleJY? ol ajy;ayGUwmudkyJ a&SmifNyD; xGufajy;wJholeJY MuHK&w,f}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ arar&JU}}

~ 76 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]olu *dk;oGif;Edkifayr,fh abmif;bD*GjyJoGm;wmudk;/ tm;vHk;u 0dkif;&,fw,f/ [dkbuf

*dk;orm;uawmif &,fw,f/ rif;taz oHk;&ufavmuf tdrfjyifrxGuf&Jbl;}}

]]aMomf...}}

]]tJh'gaMumifh om;udk ararajymr,f/ udk,fvkyfvdkuf&w,f? udk,fEdkifw,fqdkNyD;

rarmf<um;csifeJY? rif;tazvdk t&SufuGJ&vdrfhr,f odvm;}}

]][kwf...[kwfuhJ}}

azazu xrif;pm;0dkif;em; a&mufaeNyD/ olr\ pum;tqHk;rSm araru vdkufoGm;\/

azazESifhararwdkY Budwf&efjzpfMuawmhrnf/

azazu atmifjrifaom a&SUaeBuD;wpfa,muf jzpf\/ vQmr&Snfwwfyg/ vdktyfrSom

pum;ajymonf/ pum;ajymvnf; tvGefaumif;onf/ araruawmh q&m0ef/ olYy&dowfESifhol
&SdNyD; aq;cef;u vlemtvm rsm;ygonf/

xdkYaMumifh olwdkY\ pD;yGm;a&;u r&Sdr&Sm;/

tazESifhtar xGufoGm;NyD;rS cifOD;u wpfpcef; xvmonf/

]]udkudk}}

]][if}}

]]udkudkYt0wftpm;awGudk jrLjrLu avQmfay;&rSmaygh}}

]]'gaygh rD;ylyg aoaocsmcsm wdkufvdkY rSmvdkufw,f}}

]]tJh'Dt0wftpm;awGudk oGm;jyef,l&OD;rSmaygh}}

]]tif;...oGm;avolBuD;&JU t0wftpm;eJY oGm;jyefvJ&rSmaygh}}

]]ukdwifarmifvwf&JU t0wftpm;yg udkudk&JU}}

]]at;...at;...oGm;jyefvJ&r,f}}

]]&efrjzpfeJYawmhaemf udkudk}}

]]at;yg rjzpfawmhygbl;/ olwdkYvnf; "g;ppfOD;taMumif;udk odoGm;avmufygNyD}}

~ 77 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

0dkif;&,fjzpfMuonf/

]]udkudk 'DwpfcgoGm;&if nDrav;yg vdkufr,f}}

]]bmvdkufvkyfrSmvJ}}

]]olwdkYudk awGUcsifvdkY}}

]]olwdkYnDtpfudk oHk;a,mufu eifhudk 0dkif;ydk;&if b,fhES,hfvkyfrvJ}}

]]udkudkwdkYyJ ajymwm? tBuD;qHk;u rroufudkqdk}}

oufoufNidrf;u wGefYceJ jzpfoGm;\/ ppfOD;u...

]]aemufESpfa,muf usefao;w,f}}

]]wpfa,mufu tajcmufqdk}}

]]wu,frajcmufygbl; rdef;rqefaewm}}

]]aemufwpfa,mufu t&ufqdkifydkif&Sif? awmfygudkudk&,f}}

]]at;av rvdkufcJheJY}}

]]atmifrm udkudk ajymyHku nDrav;uyJ vifvdkcsifvdkY vdkufMunhfrSmvdkvdk}}

]]r[kwfbl;vm;}}

]]r[kwfygbl;/ udkudkwdkY ajymajymaewJh 0l;0g;ESif;qDudk MunhfcsifvdkY}}

olr\ tajymaMumifh tm;vHk; jyHK;rdMuonf/ 0l;0g;ESif;qD qdkonfudk;/

jzpfcsifawmhvnf; þ,aeYu tm;vHk; tm;vyfaomaeY jzpfaeonf/

oufoufNidrf;uawmh tdrfrSm tvSjyifoifwef; zGifhxm;NyD; wynfhawGESifh vTJxm;í &onf/

0if;rif;ESifh vif;vif;&Du tpdk;& ½Hk;0efxrf;awG/ Edkif0if;u xDta&mif;udk,fpm;vS,f jzpfNyD;
auoDEG,fu xdkifpm;rSDcdkol/

~ 78 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

raeYnaeu ppfOD;aygufuGJwm tJh'gvnf; ygonf/ Edkif0if;ESifh auoDEG,fu orD;&nf;pm;

r[kwf/ vifr,m;/ vufxyfNyD;wm ajcmufvcefY&SdNyD/ ukvm;BuD; (ac:) *sykav;wdkYu twGJ[k
xifyHk&onf/ xdkYaMumifh vif&Sdr,m;udk (vifjzpfol a&SUxm;NyD;) EIwfvQmaqmhjcif; jzpfonf/
ppfOD;uvnf; xdktcsufudk rcHcsif jzpfoGm;jcif; jzpfonf/ xdkodkYjzifh &efjzpf&jcif;yif/

ppfOD;ESifhcifOD;wdkY armifESru VIDEO,VCD,DVD tiSm;acG qdkifwpfqdkif zGifhxm;onf/

pmtkyftiSm;qdkifwpfqdkifudkvnf; wGJzGifhxm;onf/ tvkyform;awGESifh vTJxm;í&ojzifh
olwdkYuvnf; tm;vyfcsdef rsm;onf/

]][dk oGm;avolBuD;&JU tusÐvHkcsnfudk eifavQmfNyD;NyDvm;}}

]]&SdavolBuD;yg udkudk&JU? udkwifarmifvwf&JU tusÐvHkcsnfygqdk avQmfNyD;NyD}}

]]tpGef;tuGufawG aoG;ajymufawG aysmufw,frdkYvm;}}

]]aysmufw,f}}

]]uJ...tJh'gqdk tJh'Dht0wftpm;awGudk ,lcJh/ oGm;ay;r,f/ udk,fht0wftpm;vnf; udk,f

jyef,l&r,f}}

]][dku avQmfrNyD;ao;&ifaum ckrS udkudkY&JU jrLjrLu t0wfavQmfr,fh ukvm;rudk

vkduf&Smae&ifaum}}

]]tJh'gqdkvnf; "g;ppfOD;taMumif; odoGm;rSmaygh}}

tm;vHk;&,fjzpfMujyefonf/

rnfokdYyif jzpfap/

jrLjrLwdkY\ iSufBuD;awmif&GmokdY olwdkY wjyHKBuD; a&mufcJhMuonf/

a':at;udkESifh wef;wdk;onf/ a':at;udk pum;ajymyHku wpfrsdK;BuD;ygyJ[k tpuwnf;u

xifcJhonf/ ,ckrS aoaocsmcsm owdxm;rdonf/ a':at;udku pum;ajymvQif (pm
pmvHk;aygif;oHudk Mum;rckbJ) pum;oHtwdkif; yDyDBuD; xGufjcif;jzpfonf/

]rif;'dkY*dk; vm*s vm*s}wJh/

]vmAsD vmAsD} [kajymum 0if&rvkdyif/ odkYaomf rajymjzpfyg/ jyHK;jyum tvQdKvQdK

0ifxdkifvdkuf\/ jrLjrLuvnf; xGufvmonf/ olYtpfudkawGuawmh ]&SdAHkray:}/ ppfOD;u
vSrf;Munhfawmh cifOD;u tvdkufwodESifh xkyfykd;,lvmaom tusÐvHkcsnfudk xkwfay;onf/

~ 79 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

jrLjrLu cifOD;udk olYnDrrSef; &dyfrdyHkay:onf/ armifESr ESpfa,mufuvnf;

½kyfcsif;qifonfudk;/ cifOD;udk jyHK;jyí t0wftpm;rsm;udk ,loGm;NyD; twGif;cef;xJ 0ifonf/
xkyfydk;xm;aom olYtusÐESifhvHkcsnfudk jyef,lvmNyD; cifOD;udk ay;onf/

twefMumonftxd pum;rqdkrdMuao;/ a':at;udkBuD;uom ]OD;nGefY OD;nGefY} [k

acsmif;qdk;aeonf/ xdkYaemufrSmrS olu

]][dktpfudkawG r&Sdawmhbl;vm;}}

]]r&SdMuawmhbl;}}

a':at;udku jyefajzjcif; jzpfonf/

]]aMomf uRefawmfu olwdkYudk &SdMuao;w,f atmufarhvdkY}}

]]bm...}}

]]r[kwfbl;av 'Dvdkyg? uRefawmfu olwdkY'DtdrfrSm &SdaeMuao;w,f atmufarhvdkY}}

]]&Sd*sao;',f? &Sd*sao;',f? ckerS xGufoGm;j*'g}}

]][kwfuJh...[kwfuJh a':N*D;aum aeaumif;',f rdkYvm;}}

]]aumif;',f...aumif;',f}}

cifOD;wdkYtm;vHk;u &,fcsifaeNyD/ jrLjrLuvnf; ppfOD;wrif vkyfaerSef;odí tjyHK; wpf0ufESifh

rsufapmif;cJonf/ tm;vHk;u jrifjzpfatmifjrifNyD; tm;vHk;uvnf; jrLjrLUudk vSonf[k
rSwfcsufcsjzpfatmif csvdkufMuonf/

(1/ ppfOD; 2/ ppfOD; 3/ ppfOD; 4/ usefvlrsm;)

xdkpOftcsdefrSmyJ tdrfa&SUqDrS qlnHylnHtoHrsm; Mum;ojzifh vSrf;Munhfrdawmh vlwpfa,mufudk

vufxdyfcwf ac:oGm;wm awGU&onf/

]]bmjzpfwmvJ}}

oufoufNidrf;u jrLjrLUudk ar;awmh...

]]aiGvdrfrIwJhav}}

~ 80 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]b,folYqDu vdrfwmvJ}}

]]olYZmwfq&mqDuwJh}}

]]a&mf...}}

]]eifwdkY Mum;zl;rSmaygh? olu jyZmwfrif;om; jrdKUawmfwifarmifatmifav}}

vkyfjyefNyD/

olwdkYqDa&mufrS txl;tqef; emrnfawGcsnf; Mum;ae&onf/ a':at;udkwdkY

jrdKUawmfwifarmifatmifwdkY? tJ ukvm;BuD; (ac:) *sykav;qkdwmu ygao;onf/

]]'Dvdk jyZmwfrif;om;u 'Dvdk vdrfyghrvm;[m}}

]]ol cPcP jzpfaeus}}

]]cPcPvnf; jyefvGwfaeusaygh}}

]]tif;...}}

xdktcdkuftwefYrSmyif jrLjrLUtpfudkoHk;a,muf (ac:) a':at;udk\ om;oHk;a,muf (ac:)

udkwifarmifOD;/vwf/av;wdkY a&muf&Sdvmonf/

olwdkYtarudk vSnhfajym\/

]]aMomf...tarhqDudk {nhfonfawG wjyHKBuD; vmMuw,fqdkvdkY/ om;wdkYoHk;a,muf 'DxdyfrSm

qHkvmMuwm? vwfpowfawmh olwdkYudk;}}

ppfOD;u

]][kwfbm',f ? uRefawmf'dkYbm uRefawmf'dkYbm}}

tpfudkoHk;a,mufESifhtwl nDrwpfa,mufuyg atmifhoD;atmifhouf jzpfoGm;onf/

nDtpfudkoHk;a,mufu ppfOD;udk bkMunhfMunfhNyD;rS cifOD;udk aoaocsmcsm jrifoGm;um

udkwifarmifvwfu

]]'g rif;nDrav;vm;}}

~ 81 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwfbm',f [kwfbm',f}}

]]aumif;aumif;ajymuGm}}

]][kwfygw,f}}

ppfOD;u rsufESmaojzifh qufajymonf/

]]uRefawmfhrSm 'DnDrwpfa,mufwnf; &Sdw,f? armifESr ESpfa,mufwnf;}}

udkwifarmifvwfu ar;onf/

]]oluav; emrnfu b,fvdkwJhwkef;uGm}}

[if...ajAmifBuD;ygvm;/ twif;BuD;ygvm;/ odkYaomf ol jyefajzay;vdkufygonf/

]]cifarmifvwfwJhAs}}

]]a[...}}

udkwifarmifvwf tvGeftHhMooGm;onf/ ppfOD;udk

]]rif;uGm...[kwfvdkYvm;}}

]][kwfw,fAs...a,musfm;av;arG;&if cifarmifvwfvdkY rSnfhrvdkY? rdef;uav; jzpfaevdkY cifOD;vdkY

rSnfhvdkufwm}}

]]tm...tJh'grsm;uGm? apmapmuwnf;u twnfhrajymbl;}}

]]rSm;bm',f rSm;bm',f}}

cifOD;uawmh rsufESmxm;udk wnfxm;avonf/

watmifhrQMumatmif pum;ajymNyD;aemuf ppfOD;wdkYawG jyef&ef jyifMuonf/

]]aemufvnf; vm*saemf}}

]]vmbmhr,f vmbmhr,f}}

~ 82 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

a':at;udkudk EIwfqufNyD; jyefxGufvmMuonf/ zdeyfawG pD;MucsdefrSm cifOD;u ppfOD;udk

wdk;wdk;uyfajymonf/ (wifarmifOD;? wifarmifvwf? wifarmifav;) wdkYu olwdkYtaMumif;
ajymonf[k xifaeMuonf/

]]udkudk}}

]]a[...}}

]]jrLjrLu rqkd;bl;aemf}}

]]at;...}}

]]udkudk &nf;pm;pum; ajymNyD;NyDvm;}}

]][ihftif;}}

]]ajymMunhfygvm;...olYudk Munhf&wm udkudkYtay:rSm csJYtm;ygygw,f}}

]]bm...}}

]]tjrifMunfygw,fvdkY ajymwm}}

ol ajr§mufay;wmESifhyif jcH0odkY jrLjrLu vdkuftydkYrSm &nf;pm;pum; ajymrdonf/

]]jrLjrL}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]rdcifEdkYqdkwJh pum;vHk;udk eifMum;zl;vm;}}

]]Mum;zl;om;yJ}}

]]igvnf; eifeJY rdcifEdkU&atmif[,f}}

]]yvkwfwkwf bmajymwmvJ}}

]]rdcifqdkwm cspfp&m r[kwfbl;vm;}}

]][kwfw,fav}}

~ 83 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]EdkYqdkwm pdkYp&m r[kwfbl;vm;}}

]][kwfw,fav}}

]]cspfpdkYvdkY ajymwm}}

jrLjrL waomaom &,fonf/ NyD;rS (xdktcgusrS jrLjrLUÚmPf&nfudk od&awmh\/)

olru ppfOD;udk

]]tarh&ifaoG; qdkwmaum odvm;}}

]]odw,f}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]taru cspf&w,f? &ifaoG;u tDtD;wnf&w,f? cspfw,faygh}}

jrLu waomaom &,fjyefonf/

]]taru cspf&w,f? &ifaoG;u bl;rIwfw,f? cspfbl;vdkY ajymwm}}

]][muGm}}

jrLjrLu &,fjrJ&,faeygawmhonf/

~ 84 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [9]

wpfOD;um; ysdK;BuJ\/
wpfOD;um; pyg;&dwf\ [laom pum;onf
þae&mü trSefusownf;/
[4;37 &Sifa,m[efusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

xdk&ufydkif;twGif;rSm ppfOD; Nidrfaeonf/ bmrSr[kwfbJ bmtaMumif;jycsufrS r&SdbJ

olYbmom Nidrfaejcif; jzpf\/ rNidrfEdkifonfu cifOD;wdkYtkyfpk jzpfonf/

cifOD;wdkYtkyfpk qdkonfu oufoufNidrf;? 0if;rif;ESifhvif;vif;&D? Edkif0if;ESifhauoDEG,f? NyD;

cifOD;/ xdktkyfpkxJodkY 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK; 0ifí&rnf r[kwfacs/ wpftkyfpkvHk;u olYudk jyify
vlemwpfa,muf tjzpfom qufqHonf/

olwdkYawG vHk;yrf;aeMuonfu ppfOD;ESifhjrLjrL cspfolawG jzpfoGm;&ef/

cifOD;taeESifh 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;udk riJhn§mí r[kwf/ ppfOD;taeESifh 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;udk

b,fvdkrS arwåmrQEdkifrnf r[kwfaMumif; olodonf/ tjrTm r[kwf½Hkwr,f eD;pyfwG,fwm&aom
olYtpfudktaMumif;udk olodonf/

xdkYaMumifh jrLjrLUbufudkom rJwif;ay;vdkuf&jcif; jzpfonf/

jrLjrLu vSonf/ xufonf/ acwfrDonf/ yGifhvif;onf/ NyD; ppfOD;ESifh vdkufzufnDonf/

tdrfaxmifrIudpö Edkifeif;yHk&aom jrLjrLu ppfOD;twGuf trsm;BuD; oifhawmfonf/

]]cifOD;}}

]]&Sifh}}

]]eifhtpfudk b,frSmvJ}}

]]olYtcef;xJrSm}}

]]bmvkyfaewmvJ}}

~ 85 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]rodbl;av? pmzwfaerSmaygh}}

]]b,frSroGm;bl;vm;}}

]]'DtywftwGif;awmh b,frS roGm;ao;bl;}}

]]jrLjrLUtaMumif;aum bmajymao;vJ}}

]]'DtywftwGif;awmh bmrS rajymao;bl;}}

]]'Daumif qD;0rf;aum rSef&JUvm;}}

]]'DtywftwGif;awmh tJ...tJ...rSefrSmyg}}

cifOD;udk 0dkif;&,fMuawmh\/ cifOD;vnf; &Suf&SufESifh vdkuf&,f&onf/

]]'gjzifh igwdkY eifhtpfudktcef;udk oGm;vdkufOD;r,f/ ol bmvkyfaeovJvdkY? 'grS od&rSm}}

vmav vmMuaygh/

"g;ppfOD;u pHkaxmufBuD; OD;ppfOD; jzpfaeonf/ pmMunfhpm;yGJudk rSefbDvl;ESifh Munhfaeonf/

0if;rif;u

]]a[haumif ppfOD;}}

ppfOD;u wpfcsufrQ iJhMunhfonf/

]]at;...at;...cPxdkifMuOD;}}

xdkodkYajymNyD; rSefbDvl;udk oJBuD;rJBuD; qufMunhfaeonf/ raeEdkifí rdef;r,lcJhaom Edkif0if;u

,ckvnf; raeEdkifpGmyif

]]rif; bmudk MunhfaewmvJ}}

]]yk&Gufqdwfudk}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]xef;vsufrIefav;udk olo,fvmwmuG}}

~ 86 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]rif;u ulo,fay;rvdkYvm;/ olYy&GufqdwftHkudk o,foGm;rvdkY aerSmaygh}}

]]r[kwfbl;uG? ig awG;rdwm wpfck&SdvdkY}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]xef;vsufu csdKrSef; pm;aumif;rSef; 'Daumif odoGm;NyDyJ}}

]]at;...tJ'g bmjzpfvJ}}

]]aMomf...yk&GufqdwftHkqDto,f vrf;rSm ol jrnf;jrnf;MunhfroGm;bl;vm;vdkY}}

tm;vHk; &,fjzpfMuonf/ vif;vif;&Du

]]eif[m uyfoD;uyfoyf}}

]]eifwdkY b,fvdkajymajym 'grsdK;u igcHEdkifw,f}}

]]b,fvdkajym&if rcHEdkiflb;vJ}}

]]rsufcHk;yifhNyD; 0ifajym&if rcHEdkifbl;[}}

rsufcHk;yifhNyD; 0ifajym&ef jyifaeaom oufoufNidrf;u olYEIwfcrf;udk oltvsiftjref

ydwfvdkuf\/ tm;vHk;u owdxm;rdvdkufojzifh &,fMuonf/ xdktcgusrS

oufoufNidrf;u ppfOD;\ tdyf&may:rS uAsmpmtkyfrsm;udk aumufudkifzwfMunfhNyD;

]]zwfvdkuf&ifawmh tcspfuAsm tvGrf;uAsmawG}}

]]tJ'g bmjzpfvJ}}

]][Jh tJh'DhtcspfuAsm tvGrf;uAsmqdkwm olwdkY&JU tJh'DuAsmq&mawG&JU usqHk;oGm;aom

t½dk;jymawG[Jh}}

]]pum;vHk;u w,fajymifajrmufygvm; tJh'Dawmh bmjzpfvJ}}

]]tJh'DvlawG&JU t½dk;jymawGudk eifxdkifvsufaewm[Jh}}

]][kwfvdkYvm;}}

~ 87 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][kwfw,f}}

]]tJh'Dawmh bmjzpfovJ}}

]]eifu vlowform; r[kwfbl;/ vlaoowform;/ vlowform;xuf qdk;w,f}}

]][ bvdkif;BuD;ygvm;? eif bmudk ajymcsifrSef;vnf; ig rodbl;}}

]]eifhudk tonf;rmw,fvdkY ajymaewm? jrLjrLUudk 'DcsdefrSm eif ulnDoifhwmaygh}}

ppfOD; rsufarSmifMuKwfoGm;onf/

]]jrLjrLu bmjzpfaevdkYvJ}}

]]pdwfraumif;jzpfaewm}}

]]ighudk rawGU&vdkYvm;}}

]]vJaovdkuf}}

]]eifvkyfwmeJY yk&Gufqdwfawmif b,fa&mufoGm;vJ rodbl;/ uJ xm;ygawmh/ eifhpum;udkom

ighudk &Sif;atmifajymprf;}}

]]'Dvdk[m ig &Sif;jyyghr,f}}

xdkodkY 0ifajymolu vif;vif;&D/ vif;vif;&Du tifrwef pdwf&Snfonf/

]]NyD;cJhwJh&ufxJrSm jrLjrLu acgif;awGudkufw,f/ aq;pm;vnf; r&bl;}}

]]tif;...}}

]]tJh'Dawmh &yfuGufxJu rdef;rBuD;wpfa,mufu olYudk tMuHay;w,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]olY&JUqHpudk n§yf? vufonf;ajconf;udk n§yf? tdwf½HIUwpfckxJ xnfh&r,f}}

]]tif;...}}

~ 88 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]wpfck&Sdwmu tJh'Dtdwf½HIU[m jzwfp? n§yfpawGeJY csKyfxm;wJhtdwf jzpf&r,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]NyD;...aiGta<utcsdKUudkvnf; xnfh&r,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]aemufqHk; tJh'Dtdwfudk vrf;ay:rSm csxm;? wpfa,mufa,mufu aumufoGm;&if udk,fha&m*g

aysmufa&mwJh}}

]]tif;...}}

]]oluvnf; uav;pdwf rukefawmh taysmfprf;Munhfw,f/ tJh'Dtxkyfav;udk olwdkYvrf;xJu

a':apmapmu aumufoGm;w,f}}

]]rodbJ &rf;aumuf&vm;? tJh'Da':apmapmu bmvkyfovJ}}

]]olu [dk[m [dk'if;[mav}}

vif;vif;&D em;xifudk vufESifhaxmufNyD; pOf;pm;\/ NyD;rS

]][dk[mav[m yDwdudkpm;NyD; tm;&Sdwm}}

]]ausmif;q&mrvm;}}

]][m...tif;...at;}}

]]uJ...qufajymygOD;}}

]]jrLjrLU&JU acgif;udkufa0'emu wu,faysmufoGm;w,f[}}

]]atmifr,f w,fpGrf;ygvm;}}

]]pGrf;csufu emw,f/ tJh'Dh a':apmapmrSm acgif;udkufa0'em pGJygava&m}}

]]Aka'¨g}}

]]bmrSrMumvdkufbl;? a':apmapm aooGm;w,f}}

~ 89 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]][if...[kwfw,f? aoudkaooGm;w,f}}

]][kwfygh}}

]]a[mAsm apmapm aooGm;wmaygh}}

]]a':apmapm vkyfprf;yg[m}}

]]at;yg apmapmpD;pD; aooGm;wmayghvdkY ajymwmyg}}

]]at; tJh'DhudpötwGuf jrLjrLu pdwfraumif;jzpfaew,f? olYwm0ef ruif;ovdkvdkaygh}}

]]aMomf...'Dvdkvm;}}

]]at;}}

ppfOD;u awG;awG;qq[efESifh

]],Mwmu pGrf;vdkYvdkYawmh ig rxifygbl;}}

]]at; igwdkYvnf; rxifygbl;}}

]]'Dvdkjzpfwm aer,f}}

]]tif;...ajymyg[m}}

rSefbDvl;BuD;udkifNyD; pHkaxmufBuD; pwdkifvfESifh ppfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/

]]a':apmapm[m 'Dtxkyf&awmh aysmfoGm;r,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]tdrfa&mufrS tdrfomxJ0ifNyD; zGifhMunhfawmh olrsm; ajconf;vufonf;awGeJY

aiGta<uenf;enf;yJ awGUr,f}}

]]tif;...xm;ygawmh}}

]]tJh'DrSm a'goxGufoGm;w,f}}

]]tif;...}}

~ 90 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tJh'DrSmyJ wpfudk,fvHk; eD&JNyD; wqwfqwf wkefoGm;w,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]udk,fwGif;u "mwfawG ajymif;oGm;r,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]aoG;zdtm;awG ajymif;oGm;r,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]OD;aESmufaoG;aMum jywfr,f}}

]]atm...a[mh...a[mh}}

]]tJh'DvdkeJY aooGm;r,f}}

tm;vHk;u a0gceJ 0dkif;&,fMuavonf/ Edkif0if;u t&,fwpf0ufESifh ajymonf/

]]tJh'gawG jrLjrLUudk rif; &Sif;jy&r,fav}}

auoDEG,fuvnf;

]][kwfw,f tJh'gaMumifh 'Dtcsdef jrLjrLUtem;rSm eif &Sd&r,f}}

olwdkYtm;vHk;u wpfoabmwnf; jzpfaeMu\/ xdkYaMumifh

]]tck jrLjrLu b,frSmvJ}}

auoDEG,fu rqdkif;rwGyif/

]]olYtdrfrSmaygh}}

]]oGm;&if eifwdkYvnf; vdkufrSmrdkYvm;}}

]]at; vdkufr,fav? b,fawmhoGm;rSmvJ}}

]]ck...}}

~ 91 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]a[mawmh...}}

oufoufNidrf;\ um;udkyJ rqefYrjyJpD;um iSufBuD;awmif&yfuGufodkY olwdkY xGufcJhMuonf/

vrf;usrS ppfOD;u tvefYwMum; ajymonf/

]][Jh...rdouf}}

oufoufNidrf;u tvefYwMum; jzpf&onf/

]]bmvJ[}}

]]eifwdkYu jrLjrLUudk tm;ay;zdkYqdkNyD; ighudk vmac:w,f? igeJY jrLjrLu bmrS rSr[kwfbJ}}

]]eif olYudk BudKufaew,f r[kwfvm;}}

]][dkav vlwGif yef;q,frsdK; r[kwfvm;? tJh'Dawmh}}

]]awmfawmf aygufu& avQmufajymwmawGudk rvdkcsifbl;? ar;wmudk vdk&if;ajz? eif jrLjrLUudk

BudKufw,f r[kwfvm;}}

]]at;}}

]]tJh'gqdk jrLjrLUudk pdwfajymif;atmif vkyfay;}}

]]eif udkwifarmifOD;udk jyefBudKufvdkuf&ifvnf; &wmyJ/ jrLjrL pdwfajymif;oGm;rSm}}

]]r[kwfw½kwfawG ajymraeeJYawmh/ igu ESpfOD;ESpfzuf aumif;atmif ajymaewm}}

]]ightwGufvnf; aumif;? jrLjrLUtwGufvnf; aumif;? [kwfvm;}}

]]at; [kwfw,f}}

]]eif [kwfwmu [kwfNyD? jrLjrLu [kwfOD;rS}}

]]eif t&ifu 'Dvdk rawGa0wwfygbl;}}

]]jrLjrLUudk &nf;pm;pum;ajymvdkYu r&bl;[}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

~ 92 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]olu &Twfaemufaemufcsnf; vkyfypfwwfw,f? pum;vnf; wwfw,f}}

]]'gjzifhvnf; pma&;ay;[m}}

]]pma&;wJhacwfu ukefNyDqdk}}

]]enf;enf;awmh usefygao;w,f}}

bmaMumihf&,frod/ ppfOD;udkMunhfNyD; 0dkif;&,fMu\/

]]eifwdkYuawmh wGef;vTwfaeygNyD}}

]]eifhbmomeif wpfa,mufwnf;vnf; tJh'Dbufudk a&GUrvdkY r[kwfvm;}}

ppfOD;crsm roufom/ xdkYaMumihf/

]][kwfygw,fqdk}}

Edkif0if;u jyHK;jyHK;BuD; 0ifajymonf/

]]'Dr,f ppfOD; rif;udk igajymr,f}}

]]ajymawmh ajymyguGm}}

]]bmudkawmh rvkyf&bl;vJ}}

]]jyHK;jyHK;BuD;awmh rvkyfygeJY}}

]]t,f...}}

&,fMuarmMuNyD;rS

]]ig &Gwfjywmudk aoaocsmcsm em;axmif}}

]]tif;}}

Edkif0if;u oHaeoHxm;ESifh &Gwfjy\/

~ 93 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]ESpfcgMunhf wpftdyfruf
ESpftdyfruf wpfcga&;
ESpfcga&; wpfcg,l
ESpfcg,l wpfqdkifa&muf
ESpfqdkifa&muf wpf½kyf&Sif
ESpf½kyf&Sif wpf0guRwf...wJh}}

]]rif;pmcsdK;u wu,fjzpfvkdYvm;}}

]]tJh'g auoDhudk ar;MunhfavuGm}}

]]bm...bmajymw,f}}

auoDEG,fu Edkif0if;udk aygifwGif;aMum vdrfqGJavawmhonf/ um;xJrSm

vlawGMuyfnyfaevsufu &,foHarmoHuvnf; wnHnH jzpfaeawmhonf/

vif;vif;&Du

]][Jh...ppfOD;}}

]]a[}}

]]igwkdY taumif; tMuHay;aewmaemf/ 'DtcsdefrSm jrLjrLu tm;ay;azmf vdkaewm}}

]]at;yg}}

0if;rif;uvnf; yHkwdkywfpESifh qHk;ronf/

]]'DvdkuG ppfOD;&/ wpfcguayghuGm}}

]]wpfcg u½Hkr[kwfbl;/ ESpfcgoHk;cg u qdkvnf; ur,fajym}}

]]NrdKUwpfNrdKUrSm a&vTrf;rdk;vdkY NrdKUolNrdKUom;awGtm;vHk; xGufajy;&w,fwJh}}

]]tif;}}

]]tJh'DrSm tJh'DNrdKUu bkef;awmfBuD;udk avSwpfpD;u vmac:w,f/ olwdkYeJY vdkufajy;zdkY}}

]]tif;...}}

~ 94 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tJh'gudk bkef;BuD;u rvdkufbl;? olUbufrSm bk&m;&Sdw,fwJh}}

]]tif;...}}

]]a&awGu jrifhoxuf jrifhvmw,f/ bkef;awmfBuD;vnf; wdkufacgifrdk;ay: wufae&w,f/

[,fvDaumfywmwpfpD;u vmac:w,f/ ol rvdkufbl;/ olYudk bk&m;u ulvdrfhr,fwJh}}

]]tif;...}}

]]aemufqHk;awmh tJh'Dhbkef;BuD;vnf; a&epfaoygava&m/ aumif;uifbHk

a&mufoGm;wJhtcgusawmh bk&m;ocifudk a'gBuD;armBuD; &efawGUw,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]olwpfoufvHk; bk&m;ociftwGuf tvkyftauR; jyKcJhw,f/ ol a&epfawmh bk&m;ocifu

bmvdkY vmrulwmvJwJh/ bk&m;ocifu tHhMooGm;w,f}}

]]tif;...}}

]]bk&m;ocifu jyefajymw,f? oifhudk uREkfyfavSvnf; ydkYay;w,f? [,fvDaumfywmvnf;

ydkYay;w,f? oifhbmom vkdufrvmwmyJwJh}}

]]t[if;...[kwfom;yJ}}

]][kwfom;yJ...rvkyfeJY/ tajctae tcsdeftcgay;wkef; vIyf&Sm;vdkuf}}

]trSefyJ}[k tm;vHk;u 0dkif;axmufcHMu\/ cifOD;vnf; jyHK;pp/

]]'gjzihf um;cP&yf[m}}

]]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ}}

]]wpfqdkifqdkif0ifNyD; ig pmwpfapmif a&;r,f/ eifwdkY vdkufrMunfh...tJ...vdkufrzwf&bl;}}

]]at;yg...jrLjrLUudk a&;wJh &nf;pm;pmom jzpfygap}}

]]jzpfygapvdkY igvnf; qkawmif;ygw,f}}

]]rif;uvnf;uGm b,fvdkpum;BuD;vJ}}

~ 95 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]'Dvdkpum;BuD;yJ}}

]]ppfOD; rif; bmtuGufawG xGifOD;rvdkYvJ}}

]]apmifhMunhfayghuGm}}

trSefwu,fyJ qdkifwpfqdkifrSm 0ifxkdifMuonf/ ppfOD;u pm;yGJwpfvHk;rSm oyfoyfxdkifNyD;

pma&;onf/ NyD;awmhrS tat;armhaomufNyD; pm&Gufacgufuav;udk jyum

]]uJ...&NyD oGm;Mur,f}}

usefoltm;vHk;\ tonf;xJrSm uvduvdawmh jzpfaeMuonf/ ppfOD;udkvnf;

rdk;ysHylazmif;rsm;ESifh b,fjyefnmjyef xkcsifaeonf/

jrLjrLwdkYtdrf a&mufawmh jrLjrLu wpfa,mufwnf;/ (*sD;a': a':at;*dk*vnf; r&Sda*s/)

udkwifarmif (BuD;/ i,f/ &G,f /vwf) wdkYvnf; r&Sd/

]]igwpfa,mufwnf; ysif;aewm? eifwdkYvmwmeJY tawmfyJ}}

ppfOD;uvnf; b,fvdkaumifrSef; rod/

]]igwdkYvnf; tkyfpkvdkufBuD; ysif;aewm? eifwpfa,muf &SdaewmeJY tawmfyJ}}

]]bm&,f}}

]pm}udkawmh jrLjrL jrifomatmif ol rodrom xm;cJhavonf/

~ 96 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [10]

igonf b,ft&yfuvmonfudkaomfvnf;aumif;
tb,ft&yfodkY oGm;onfudkvnf;aumif;
igod\/
[8;14 &Sifa,m[efusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

xdk&ufrsm;\ aemufydkif;rSm ppfOD;u at;at;aq;aq;yJ jzpf\/ cifOD;tygt0if

oufoufNidrf;wdkY tkyfpkuom aerxdxdkifrom jzpfae&onf/ cifOD;uqdkvQif w*sD*sD

]]udkudk...}}

]]a[...}}

]]jrLjrLUqD oGm;OD;av}}

]]at;yg...oGm;wmaygh}}

]]b,fawmhvJ}}

]]tm;&if}}

]]ck udkudk bmvdkYrtm;&wmvJ}}

]]qdkifudk qyfy½dkufpfcsuf 0ifxm;w,f}}

]]tJh'gNyD;&ifawmh oGm;vdkufOD;av}}

]]tif;...}}

]][dku udkudkYudk jyefpmuav;udkifNyD; apmifhae&if raumif;bl;aemf}}

]]'Dpmudk ol rjyefygbl;}}

~ 97 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]udkudk aocsmvdkYvm;}}

]]aocsmygw,f}}

cifOD;u olYtcef;xJrS Zdk;ceJ ZwfceJ xum zkef;cGuf aumufudkifonf/

]]rroufvm;}}

oufoufNidrf;xH zkef;ac:jcif; jzpfonf/

]]vmcJhygOD; jrefjrefaygh}}

]]....}}

]][kwfuJh udkudkeJY jrLjrLUudpö}}

]]....}}

]][kwfw,f udkudk bmawGavQmufajymaew,f rodbl;}}

]]....}}

]][kwfw,f ...[kwfw,f ty rSDwm jzpfEdkifw,f}}

]][,f...[kwfvm; tJh'Dvdkvm;}}

]][kwfNyD...[kwfNyD tJh'Dvdkvm;}}

]][kwfNyD...[kwfNyD 0,fzwfMunhfvdkufr,f}}

]]tif;...tif;...'gyJ rrouf}}

zkef;cstNyD;rSm olUxHodkY tajy;vmum

]]udkudk tJh'Dvdk rwifrus vkyfae odvm;/ jrLjrLu [dkrSm axmifusawmhrvdkY}}

ol vefYoGm;onf/

]][kwfvm; bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

uysmu,m vSnhfar;awmh cifOD;u rJhjyHK;jyHK;onf/

~ 98 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]olwdkY&yfuGufxJu r*FvmaqmifrSm jrLjrLu owdkYorD;t&H 0ifvkyfw,fwJh}}

]]tif;...}}

]]tJh'Dhr*FvmaqmifrSmyJ owdkYorD;u &nf;pm;a[mif;eJY vdkufajy;oGm;w,f}}

]]a[mAsm}}

]]tJh'g owdkYom;u &SufNyD; vmwJhy&dowfudk "g;w,rf;,rf; vkyfvdkYwJh}}

]]tJ...tif;...jzpfEdkifwmaygh}}

]]tJh'DrSm jrLjrLu wm;r&wJhtqHk;rSm tJh'Dhowdk;om;udk yef;tdk;eJY xkvdkufwm owdkYom;

owdvpfoGm;w,fwJh}}

]][if owdkYom;u ESpfcg cH&wmaygh}}

]]tif;...cktJh'DhtrIudk ppfaew,f/ rIcif;*sme,fxJawmif ygvmNyDwJh}}

]]jrLjrLvm;? "gwfyHkeJYvm;}}

]]tJh'Dhavmufawmh r[kwfygbl;/ udpöu enf;enf; ½IyfukefvdkYyg/ 'gayr,fh ckvdktcsdefrsdK; udkudk

olUab;rSm &Sdoifhw,fav}}

]]vmjyefNyD}}

[kwfonfav/ apmapm aoNyD; &ufvnfNyD;ump/ bmrSrMumao;/

]]owif;xJrSm olUemrnfawmh ygw,faygh}}

]]tJh'Dvdkawmh rygbl;wJh? owdkYom;eJY owdkYorD;taMumif;udkyJ t"du xm;NyD;a&;wm/

olYudkuawmh owdkYorD;t&HwpfOD;aygh}}

]]eifhudk oufoufNidrf; ajymwmvm;}}

]]tif;...}}

]]tJh'g igwdkYu jrLjrLUudk b,frSmoGm;awGU&rSmvJ/ tcsKyfcef;rSmvm;}}

]]t,f...tJh'Dvdk r[kwfbl;/ jrLjrLu tdrfrSmyg}}

]]at;av 'gqdkvnf; oGm;Muwmaygh}}

~ 99 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]b,fawmhvJ}}

]]ck}}

]][if...vkyfjyefNyD}}

]][kwfw,fav axmifruscif jyefpmav; ay;oGm;aygh}}

]]udkudkuav erdwfr&Sd ermr&SdawG/ ck oGm;r,f qdkwmu b,fvdkvJ? roufoufNidrf;udk

0ifac:OD;rSmvm;}}

]]ac:av igwdkY um;iSm;NyD; vmcJhr,fvdkY oufoufNidrf;udk ajymvdkuf? zkef;BudKqufxm;}}

cPtMumrSm iSufBuD;awmif&GmodkY oGm;&ef olwdkY toifhjzpfoGm;Muonf/ um;iSm;NyD;toGm;

ppfOD;u vrf;rSm tNidrfrae/ tcsKyfum;tjymBuD;rsm; awGUvQif jyL;jyJMunhfonf/

cifOD;u olYtpm; &ifarmonf/

]]udkudkuvnf; jrLjrLu tJh'Dhtajctae ra&mufavmufygbl;}}

]]at;yg ig&Smwmu wjcm;yg}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]owdkYom;}}

]][if...}}

]][kwfw,f tcsKyfum;xJrSm owdkYom;BuD; ygvm&if &,f&r,f}}

]]a[mawmf}}

]][dka&muf&if oufoufNidrf;udk eifajymOD;}}

]]bmudkvJ}}

]]igwdkY tiSm;um;eJYyJ wpfcgwnf; vdkufcJhvdkY}}

]]tif;yg}}

]]olYum;udk rwGef;csifvdkYawmh r[kwfygbl;vdkY}}

~ 100 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]vkyfNyD tJh'Dpum;udk udkudkYbmom ajym}}

armifESrESpfa,muf ylnHylnHESifhyif oufoufNidrf;qD a&mufoGm;onf/ oufoufNidrf;

um;ay:a&mufa&mufcsif;yif ppfOD;u ajymonf/

]]rdouf}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]igwdkY 'Dtwdkif; ajcvGwfvufvGwfoGm;vdkY raumif;bl; xifw,f}}

]]eifu b,fvdkoGm;csifvdkYvJ}}

]]aq;ayghvdyfav; ig;ydaMumfav; ,loGm;rS xifw,f}}

oufoufNidrf;uvnf; &GJUajzonf/

]]aumif;om;yJ}}

um;udk wpfae&mrSm &yfckdif;NyD; ppfOD;u wu,f qif;0,fonf/ odyfrMumvSbJ um;ay:

jyefwufvmNyD;

]]ig;ydaMumf r&bl;[}}

]]'gjzifh aq;vdyfyJaygh}}

]][ifhtif; uGrf;,mvnf; ygw,f}}

]]tif; vkyfxm;vdkuf[}}

]]bmvJ}}

]]bmrSr[kwfbl;? bmrSr[kwfbl;? vkyfvdkYajymwm}}

cifOD; &,fíom ae&awmhonf/

jrLjrLwdkYtdrf a&mufawmh a':at;udk udk t&ifqHk; awGU&onf/ ukefpHkqdkifudk roGm;bl;[k

xifonf/ olYqdkifrSm aqGrsdK;ruif;vSaom aumifrav;ESpfa,mufudk tulac:xm;onf/

ppfOD;u

~ 101 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]a':BuD; aps;rxGufbl;vm;}}

]]cPjyefvmwm? jyefoGm;rSm ? rif;wkdYu b,fudk vmwmvJ}}

]]'DudkyJ vmwm? jrLjrL r&Sdbl;vm;}}

]&Sdw,f? &Sdw,f}[laom toHESifhtwl jrLjrLu vSyausmharmhpGm a&muf&Sdvmonf/ ppfOD;u r0Hhr&J

trlt&mjzifh

]]jrLjrL eif xrif;pm;NyD;NyDvm;}}

]]pm;NyD;NyD}}

]]bmeJYpm;&vJ}}

]]tpdrf;aMumf&,f? 0ufom;eJY'nif;oD;csuf&,f? 'efY'vGef&Guf[if;cg;&,f}}

]]aMomf...aumif;aumif;auR;om;yJ}}

]]a[...}}

]]bm&,f...}}

a':at;udkaum jrLjrLyg rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;Muonf/ ppfOD;u owdrjyKbJ olYbmom

qufar;jyefonf/

]]00aum auR;&JUvm;}}

]]0ygw,f bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]at;...at; NyD;a&m ig'DrSm eifhtwGuf aq;vdyfeJY uGrf;,m ygvmw,f}}

]]bm...}}

raeomojzifh cifOD;u tusdK;taMumif; 0if&Sif;jy&onf/ oufoufNidrf;uvnf;

jznfhajymay;onf/ xdktcgusrS jrLjrLwdkYom;trd vdyfywfvnfoGm;\/ jrLjrLu ppfOD;udk
rsufapmif;xdk;um

]]eifu ighudk tcsKyfxJ awmfawmfa&mufapcsifw,faygh [kwfvm;}}

]]tJh'Doabmawmh r[kwfygbl; igu vdk&r,f&yg}}

]]at; tJh'gqdkvnf; ppfOD;&,f ig wu,fvdkY tcsKyfxJaxmifxJ a&muf&ifawmif 'gBuD;awG

rydkYygeJY}}

]]eif rBudKufbl;vm;}}

~ 102 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]b,fvkdvkyf BudKufrSmvJ/ igu tdkAmwif;wdkY? qDcsufacgufqGJwdkY? z½HkaphavSmfwdkY tJ'grsdK;udk

BudKufw,f? igwdkYtar&JU ukefpHkqdkifrSm tJh'gawG &w,f/ tarhqDuyJ eif0,fNyD; ighqD ydkYay;aygh}}

]]at;at; pdwfcsyg[m}}

]][if;tpdk xnfhay;&ifvnf; a&bJom;wdkY? usD;uef;om;wdkY tJh'gawGudk xnhfay;prf;yg/

tJh'gawGu ightpfudkvwf&JU bD,mqdkifrSm &wwfw,f/ ightwGufvdkYom ajymvdkufyg/ ol
ydkydkomomav; xnfhay;rSmyg}}

]]at; tqifajywmaygh}}

]]aemufNyD; ightwGuf t,lcH0ifzdkYqdk&if udkav;udk vl&Smcdkif;/ ajyajyvnfvnf a&;ay;r,fhvludk

ol &Smay;Edkifw,f/ olu cPcP trIjzpfaeusudk;/ olYudkawmh yGJcav; ay;vdkufaygh[m}}

]]at;yg}}

xdkcPrSmyif ]tJ'gu bmjzpfae*s'g'kef;} [laom a':at;udk\ toHBuD; ay:xGufvmonf/

wqufwnf;rSmyif ppfOD;ESifhjrLjrLwdkYu wa0ga0g &,fMuojzifh usefolawGvnf;
vdkuf&,fMuawmhonf/

a':at;udku

]]vdkufvnf; vdkuf'JhESpfa,muf}}

xdkpum;aMumifh jrLjrL\ &,faeaom rsufESmu wnfoGm;onf/ olr\ rdcifudk

rsufapmif;wpfcsuf rodrom xdk;\/ a':at;udk tae&txdkif& cufoGm;onf/

xdkYaemufrSmawmh

trItaMumif; wkefYjyefajymqdk&if; pum;0dkif;uav; pnfoGm;onf/ a':at;udku olwdkY

iSufBuD;awmif&yfuGuf\ jzpfpOft½IyftaxG;rsm;udk pDumywfuHk; jyefajymjyojzifh &,fae&onf/

]][dktdrfu aumifav; qdkygpdkY}}

olrwdkY rsufapmif;xdk;tdrfudk ar;aighjy&if; ajymjcif;jzpfonf/

]]nzufBuD; &nf;pm;tdrfoGm;wmav? a,mu©rjcifaxmifxJ rSm;0ifvdkY}}

þrQESifh r&,f&ao;yg/ jzpfwwfMuHKwwfygonf/

]]a,mu©ru tr r[kwfbl;? txD;BuD;/ a,mu©rtrBuD;u olYorD;eJYtwl tdyfwm/ txD;BuD;u

wpfa,mufwnf;? olu tJh'Da,mu©rtxD;BuD;&JU jcifaxmifxJudk oGm;0ifwm}}

&,frdMuonf/ odkYaomf

]]r&,feJY...r&,feJY}}

~ 103 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

a':at;udku jyefwm;onf/

]]onf;xdwf&ifzdkcef;u vmr,f}}

xdktcgusrS &,fMujyefonf/

]]r[kwfbl;? wu,fajymaewm? qufem;axmifOD;}}

qufem;axmifMunhfawmh t[kwfwu,f onf;xdwf&ifzdk jzpfonf/

]]a,mu©rtxD;BuD;udk awGUawmh ol vefYoGm;wmaygh/ 'gayr,fh wdwfwdwf jyefxGufr,f

vkyfNyD;rS rouFmvdkY xyfMunhfawmh a,mu©rtxD;BuD;u aoaew,f}}

]]Asm...}}

]]&Sif...}}

]]tJh'DrSm ol vefYNyD; xatmfawmhwmyJ/ wpf&yfuGufvHk;vnf; Edk;? &yfuGuf½Hk;vnf; a&mufaygh/

NyD;awmh &Jpcef;qD}}

]]a[mAsm}}

]]trSefawmh 'DvdkuG,fh}}

]][kwfuJh}}

]]olYa,mu©xD;BuD;u ol ra&mufcif 2em&Davmuftvdkuwnf;u olYbmom avjzwfNyD;

aoaewm/ oleJYbmrS rqdkifbl;}}

]]aMomf...}}

]]'gayr,fh tJh'Dhudpöu ckxdawmh rNyD;jywfao;bl;ayghuG,f/ ½Hk;oGm;ae&wkef;}}

xdkodkY jzpf\/ txl;tqef;awGcsnf; Mum;ae&onf/ pum;ajym&wm aysmfp&mvnf;

aumif;onf/ odkYaomf...

]]a':BuD;...a':BuD;}}

qdkifrS aumifrav;wpfa,mufu a':at;udk udk vmac:oGm;onf/

]]uJuJ...rif;wdkYyJ pum;qufajymMuOD;/ vufzufpm;csif&if jrLjrLUudk okyfckdif;}}

xdkodkYajymNyD; xGufoGm;awmh\/

xdktcgusrS ppfOD;u wpfpcef;xawmh\/

]]jrLjrL...}}

~ 104 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]a[...}}

]]a&mh...a&mh tdrfuae 'Dvufaqmifvnf; ygvmao;w,f/ aq;vdyfawG? uGrf;,mawGudkawmh

wjcm;vlawGudk ay;vdkufaygh/ 'Dpmudkawmh eifyJ,l? eifhtwGufudk;/ eifhtajctae bmrSrqdk;bl;qdk&if
igh&GmrSm ig jyefajymjy&OD;r,f/ t&D;av;wdkYvnf; 0rf;om;rSm? igwdkYjyefNyDvdkY BuD;a':BuD;udkvnf;
ajymjyvdkufaemf}}

tdwfxJrSm toifhxnhfvmaom pmacgufuav;udk jrLjrLUvufxJ xnfhay;onf/ jrLjrLuvnf;

wu,frodonfvm;/ rodcsifa,mif aqmifonfvm; rajymEdkif/ pmudkawmh vufig;acsmif;vHk;eJY
,lavonf/ *Pef;n§yfouJhodkY vufnd§K; vufrjzifh n§yf,ljcif; r[kwf[k qdkvdkonf/
aoaocsmcsmBuD;udk aocsmygonf/

tjyefusawmh auoDEG,fu 'óeqefaom pum;udk qdkonf/

]]iOD;...}}

]]a[...}}

]]eif jrLjrLUudk &nf;pm;pm xyfay;wmvm;}}

]]tckrS ay;wm}}

]]'gqdk yxrpmuaum}}

]]at;at;aq;aq;usrS &Sif;jyr,f}}

]]tckpmuaum aoaooyfoyf a&;xm;&JUvm;}}

]]tif; vufa&;vufom;uawmh rqdk;ygbl;}}

]]olYemrnfeJY eifhemrnfudkaum wu,fwyfxm;&JUvm;}}

]]tif; emrnfwl&Sd&ifawmh rajymwwfbl;}}

]]eif olYudk cspfw,fqdkwmuaum}}

]]rm&f ewfudk,fwdkif vufeJYvmzsuf&ifawmif rysufbl;}}

]]eif 'DaeYudk wHcg;zGifhay;vdkufNyDaygh}}

]]tif;}}

]]'gqdk&if eufjzefcgu eifhqDvmrSmyg}}

ppfOD; jrLjrLUudk ay;aompmrSm atmufygtwdkif; a&;xm;\/

~ 105 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

[jrLjrL]

eifwdkYtdrfrSm a&;xm;wJh AE¨KvrdefUcGef;&JU

vufusefpmom;udk ig xyfjznfha&;ay;vdkufw,f/
]]&efukef&mZ0ifordkif;}} qdkwJh pmtkyfxJrSm igawGUw,f/

]]þwpfBudrfEdkifvQif igwdkYonf
t*Fvdyfydkifwdkif;jynfodkYwdkifatmif
wdkufcdkufodrf;,lzdkYomvQif &Sdayawmhonf/
xdkYaMumifh þwpfyGJwGif
&ifajruwkyfjyKvkyfí wdkufcdkufMuukefpdkY}}

bmrSawmh rqdkifbl;aygh
jrLjrL&,f...
eifhudk igcspfw,f? eifhudk igcspfw,f? eifhudk igcspfw,f/ eifhudk
.................................................. ..................................
.................................................. ..................................
.................................................. ..................................
.................................................. .................................. ig cspfw,f
[ppfOD;]

]eifhudk igcspfw,f} [laom pmaMumif;csnf;yJ pmaMumif;a& 1500 a&;ay;vdkufonf/

onfhxufaocsmwm bmrSr&SdawmhNyD/

~ 106 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [11]

aumif;aomtoD;udk
oD;aomtyifonfum;
raumif;aomtyifr[kwf/
[6;43 &Sifvkumusrf;]
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

olwdkY ppfOD;udk vdkuf&SmaecsdefwGif ppfOD;u vrf;xdyfvufzuf&nfqdkifrSm vli,fwcsdKUESifh

xdkifNyD; avaygaecsdef jzpfonf/

]]'gqdk udkOD;u aumifrav;wpfa,mufudk tyDcl;awmhr,faygh}}

]]at;...}}

]]aumifrav;udkaum rsufvHk;awGeJY tpmauR;NyD;NyDvm;}}

]]bm tpmauR;wmvJ}}

]]aMomf...aumifrav;udk [dku vSrf;ai; 'DuvSrf;ai; vkyfNyD;NyDvm;/ aumifrav;u udk,fhudk

odaeNyDvm;/ tJh'grsdK;av/ tJh'DrSmrS aumifrav;u tjrifrSefrIawG &rSmaygh/ tJh'DtcgavmufusrS
vdkufajym/ 'DvdkeJY xGef;yGm;&r,fav udkOD;&JU}}

ol ajymyHkudkMunhfNyD; tif;...tJav...em;axmifNyD; ppfOD;rSm jyHK;&ao;awmh\/ udk,fhtjzpf

udk,fhtajctaeu olajymovdkrS r[kwfygay/

]]aemufNyD; udk,fhqDrSm olY'dkif,m&Dudk vkyfxm;}}

]]bmoabmvJ}}

]]aMomf...b,faeYwkef;u ol bmta&mifav; 0wfxm;w,f/ qHyifudk b,fvdkjyifxm;w,f/

b,fem;rSm awGUvdkufw,f/ tJh'DvdkrsdK;aygh/ MuHK&if xnhfajymvdkY &wmaygh/ olwdkYu tJh'grsdK;udk
t&rf;cdkufwm}}

~ 107 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

tdk;...udk,fjzihfa0;ygh/ udk,fhrSmu MuHKovdkusovdk &nf;pm;pmar;yGJudk ajzae&wm/ atmifrSwf

&ygrnfvm;rod/ jrLjrLUudk vdkufydk;olawGvnf; &Sdawmh&SdrSmyJ/ ,ckxufxd olESifh rqHkao;acs/
odyif rod&ao;/

,ck ],kudkudk} ay;aom tMuHOmPfrsdK;jzifh jrLjrLUudk csnf;uyfonfh vli,fawG

b,favmufawmif &Sdxm;rnfvJ/ ,kudkudk ajymaomenf;rSm xdka&mufEdkifaomfvnf;
½dk;vGef;onf[k ol xifonf/ tcsdefvnf; awmfawmfay;&vdrfhrnf/

xdkodkY pOf;pm;aeqJrSmyif

]]iOD;...}}

oufoufNidrf;\ vSrf;ac:vdkufoHu em;xJudk ykvif;usuGJovdk 0ifvmonf/

]]bmvJ[}}

]]eif'DrSm bmxdkifvkyfaewmvJ}}

]]aumifrav;awGudk rsufvHk;eJY tpmauR;aewm}}

]]bmvkyfrvdkYvJ}}

]]tJh'grS xGef;yGm;r,fav[m}}

]]bmxGef;yGm;rSmvJ}}

ppfOD; bmqufajym&rnfrSef; rodawmh/ ,kudkudk udk vSrf;Munfhawmh ,kudkudku

]]uJ...udkOD; 'gjzihf uRefawmf oGm;OD;r,f}}

]][kwfNyD...[kwfNyD}}

,kudkudk xGufoGm;rSyJ

]]eifwdkYu b,foGm;MuOD;rvdkYvJ}}

ar;vnf;ar;csifp&m 0if;rif;+vif;vif;&D? Edkif0if;+auoDEG,f? oufoufNidrf;? NyD;awmh

nDrawmf cifOD;/ 0wfaumif;pm;vSawG 0wfvsuf txGef;tyGm; xGufvmMuyHk&onf/

]]eifhqD vmwma[h}}

~ 108 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]xdkifMuav qdkifu vl&Sif;ygw,f}}

]]tif;}}

vdkaomcHkrsm;udk qGJ,lNyD; olwdkYbmom 0ifxdkifMuonf/ (rnfolurS cHkay:udk

csDrwifay;Muacs/)

xHk;pHtwdkif; oufoufNidrf;u

]]eifhudk ar;p&m&SdvdkY}}

]]ar;Munhfav ighrSmrsm; ajzp&m&Sdvm; rodbl;}}

]]eif jrLjrLUudk ay;wJhpmtaMumif;}}

]]bmajym&rSmvJ}}

]]yxrpmu jrLjrLUudk ay;wJh &nf;pm;pm r[kwfbl;vm;}}

]]oG,f0dkufNyD;awmhyJ [kwfw,f}}

]]&Sif;prf;ygOD;}}

]]'Dvkd[m aumifrav;wpfa,mufudk igu pmjyefwJh jyefpmtwk}}

]]xyf&Sif;OD;}}

]]'Dvdk[m pmtoGm;tvmt& igu aumifrav;wpfa,mufudk jyefpm a&;xm;wm/ ol

ightay:xm;wJh arwåmudk igodwJhtaMumif;? 'gayr,fh b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifwJhtaMumif;? ighrSm
odyfcspf&wJh ]jrLjrL} qdkwJh aumifrav; &Sdxm;NyD;jzpfaMumif;/ ighESvHk;om;xJuae olYudk b,fvdkrS
qGJxkwfvdkY r&EdkifwJhtaMumif; ighudk cGifhvTwfzdkYtaMumif; tJh'grsdK; a&;xm;wm}}

]]b,folYudk emrnfwyf a&;xm;wmvJ}}

]][ifhtif; a&;wJh ighemrnfyJ ygw,f/ wpfzufvl emrnf rygbl;/ jrLjrLu tJh'Dhpmudk

zwfrd&if ighpdwfudk odNyD;om; jzpfoGm;r,fav}}

]]w,fvnfygvm;}}

~ 109 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tJh'gaMumifh oG,f0dkuf &nf;pm;pmvdkY ajymwm? aemuf 'kwd,pmurS olYudk twnhfa&;wJh

&nf;pm;pm}}

]]at;...tJh'Dpmudkaum b,fvdka&;vdkufvJ}}

'kwd,pmtaMumif; ajymjyvdkufawmh &,fMuonf/ 0if;rif;u...

]]rif;u vkyfvdkufrSjzifh txl;tqef;csnf;yJ}}

oufoufNidrf;u t&,fwpf0ufjzifh

]]jrLjrLudkuvnf; tJh'Dvdk csnf;uyfrS &rSm/ jrLjrLuvnf; ES,fES,f&& r[kwfbl;? ck ppfOD;udk

b,fvdk wkefYjyefrvJ rodbl;}}

]]at;aemf}}

tm;vHk;u pdwf0ifwpm; &SdMuonf/ auoDEG,fu

]]tajctae aumif;rSmyg}}

]]aeygOD; tck eifwdkYu b,fudkoGm;rSmvJ}}

]]eifhqDyJ vmMuwmav}}

]]tdrfrSm xrif;pm;oGm;Muav? xrif;pm;csdef}}

]]'DwpfjyHKBuD;udk}}

]]bmjzpfvJ xrif;awG [if;awG 0,foGm;rSmaygh}}

ppfOD; pum;twdkif;yif vrf;rSm xrif;[if;rsm; 0,foGm;NyD; ppfOD;wdkYtdrfqD jyefvnf

csDwufcJhMuonf/ tdrfrS xrif;[if;rsm;ESifh aygif;aomtcg pm;p&mawGu tyHktyifBuD;
jzpfaeonf/ tdrfrSm azazu tdrfapmifh jzpfaeonf/

]][...rif;wdkY tJh'g bmtxdrf;trSwf pm;MuaomufMurSmvJ}}

]]bmtxdrf;trSwfrS r[kwfbl;azaz 'DtcsdefusrS olwdkYvnf; iwfavmufNyDxifvdkY}}

]]qmavmufNyDxifvdkY ajymprf;yguGm}}

~ 110 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tefu,fhom;u pum;awG rSm;ukefNyD tefu,fa&/ rl;NyD; toHk;tEIef;awG vGJaeNyD}}

]]rl;w,f [kwfvm;? 'Daumif t&ufraomufwwfygbl;}}

]]t&ufrl;wm r[kwfbl; tefu,fa& tcspfrl;wm}}

]]a[...}}

xdktcsdefrSmyJ araru tjyifrS jyefa&mufvmonf/ azazu

]]tarBuD; rif;om; &nf;pm;&aeNyD xifw,f}}

]][kwfvdkYvm;}}

þrQtxd txifBuD; cH&avonf/

]][kwfr,fxifw,f? 'DrSm rif;om;u tauR;tarG;eJY {nfhcHaew,f}}

]]r[kwfygbl; arar&m}}

ppfOD;u 0ifjiif;&onf/

]]MuHKwkef; xrif;twlpm;Muwmyg}}

]]at;av rif;wu,f &nf;pm;&vnf; ½dk;½dk;tauR;tarG;yJ vkyfaygh/ taomuftpm;awG

rxnfheJYodvm;}}

]][kwfuJh}}

]]raumif;bl;uG,fh}}

]]b,fvdk raumif;wmvJ}}

]]Oyrm rif;azazayghuG,f}}

xdktcsdefrSm azazu tjyif;txef uefYuGuf\/

]]rif; bmajymrvdkYvJ}}

araruvnf; tavQmhray;yg/

~ 111 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]&Sifhudk Oyrm ay;rvdkYav}}

]]rif; wjcm;vludk Oyrm ay;ygvm;/ qdk&&if tDA&m[ifvifuGef;wdkY usefppfrif;wdkY}}

]]awmfygNyD/ olwdkYudk rajymygbl;/ olYom;twGuf olYtazudk Oyrm ay;&rSmyJ}}

]]rif;uGm}}

araru azazhudk wkefYjyef rajymyg/ ppfOD;udkom OD;wnfí

]]rif;azaz rif;t&G,fwkef;uayghuG,f}}

]][kwf}}

]]araru olYudk tajzay;vdkufa&m}}

araru r&SufraMumuf (*kPf,l0ifh<um;pGm) qufajymavonf/

]]tJh'gudk aysmfvdkYwJh/ t&ufawG aomufNyD; tdrfjyefjyóem &SmvdkY}}

oufoufNidrf;u ajr§mufay;onf/

]]b,fvdk jyóem&SmwmvJ tefwD}}

]]olUtdrfrSm ol em&DMunhfw,fav? {nfhcef;u wdkifuyfem&DBuD;udk}}

]]em&DrSm;MunhfvdkYvm;}}

]]at; tcsdefrSm;MunhfwmrsdK; r[kwfbl;/ em&DBuD;wpfckvHk;udk rSm;Munfhwm}}

]]b,fvdk b,fvdk}}

em;axmifaeolawG em;½IyfoGm;onf/

]]eH&HrSmuyfxm;wJh 24ypönf; yXmef;pm&GufBuD;udk em&DqdkNyD; Munhfaewm}}

]]aMomf...aMomf}}

~ 112 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]NyD;awmh 'Dem&D awmfawmfaumif;wmyJwJh/ wjcm;em&DawGu 12em&DyJ ygw,f/ olu

ESpfq,fhav;em&D tjynfhygw,f/ 'gayr,fh igodyfrMunhfwwfbl;wJh}}

0dkif;&,frdMuawmhonf/

]]arar NyD;&if om;wdkY armifESr oufoufNidrf;wdkYtdrfzuf vdkufoGm;vdkufOD;r,f}}

]]at;...at;}}

cifOD;u EIwfcrf;plonf/

]]nDrav;u vdkufvdkYb,f&awmhrvJ}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]yef;uefawG ulaq;&OD;r,fav}}

]][Jh...wdkYyg ulaq;ay;rSmaygh}}

xrif;u pm;íNrdefygonf/ oli,fcsif;awG twlpkpm;ívm; rod/ NyD;awmh rdef;uav;awGu

yef;uefaq;Mu\/ twlwl pkaq;MuonfyJ/ aq;í jrdefrSmyg/

NyD; oufoufNidrf;wdkYtdrfqD csDwufcJhMuonf/oufoufNidrf;wdkYtdrfrSm pdwfnpfp&m

tenf;i,f MuHK&onf/ tysdKBuD; cufcufpdrf;aMumifhyif/ cufcufpdrf;u ppfOD;udk ar;onf/

]]ppfOD;}}

]]As...}}

]]eifu jrLjrLUudk BudKufaew,fqdk}}

]]enf;enf;rQxm;wmyg}}

]]bmrQxm;wmvJ}}

]]arwåm}}

]]ig pum;taumif; ajymrvdkY}}

]]ajymav uRefawmf em;taumif;eJY em;axmifr,f}}

~ 113 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]eif tcsdefrD aemufjyefqkwfvdkufygvm;}}

]]Asm...bmvJ}}

]]jrLESif;at;u vG,fwmr[kwfbl;}}

]].........}}

]]ywf0ef;usifuvnf; roefY? p½dkufMurf;Murf;awG}}

]].........}}

]]jrLESif;at;udk,fwdkifuvnf; cyfvnfvnf? cyfpGmpGm}}

]].........}}

]]olYtpfudkawGuvnf; wpfa,mufwpfrsdK;}}

]].........}}

]]aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;aygh[m}}

]]..........}}

]]taysmf&nf;pm;xm;wm qdk&ifawmh rqdk;ygbl;? 'Dhxufawmh rydkapeJYaygh}}

]]..........}}

oli,fcsif;awGuawmh eHab;rSaeNyD; bmrS 0ifrajym/ cifOD;u rcufcufpdrf;\ rsufESmudk

tuJcwfovdk Munhfaeonf/

]]anmifoD;vnf;pm;? av;nd§KUoHvnf; em;axmifaygh/ udk,fhtEÅ&m,f udk,fowdxm;aygh}}

xdkodkYajymNyD; rcufcufpdrf;u olYtcef;xJ ol 0ifoGm;onf/ ppfOD; ycHk;wGefYNyD; usef&pfcJhonf/

wpfudk,fvHk; wGefYjy&ef rwwfaomaMumihf ycHk;yJ wGefY&jcif; jzpfonf/ rcufcufpdrf;\
pum;aMumifh pdwfxJrSm uoduatmifh jzpf&onfuawmh trSef/

rnfokdYyifjzpfap/

~ 114 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

olwdkYwpftkyfpkvHk; jrLjrLwdkYtdrfudk a&mufoGm;Mujyefonf/ tdrfu tjyifrS wHcg;ydwfxm;í

0if;rif;u...

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xdktcdkufrSmyif jrLjrLu aomhuav;udkifNyD; jyefa&mufvmonf/ ]eifwdkYudkjrifvdkY

jyefvSnhfvmwm} [k qdk\/

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jyHK;rd&,frdMuonf/

]]at;av...iSufBuD;awmif&Gm&JU rsdK;qufopfawGqdkawmh 'Davmufawmh &SdrSmaygh}}

a,musfm;0wf &SyftusÐzm;zm;BuD;ESifh jrLjrLu vSaeonf/ yg;pyfxJrSm uGrf;,muav;

iHkxm;ojzifh cspfp&mvnf; aumif;aeonf/ þonfuyifvQif 0l;0g;ESif;qD\ tvSwpfyg;
jzpfavonf/

rnfodkYrnfyHk jzpfrSef;rod/ ppfOD;taeESifh jrLjrLUudk t&rf;cspfaerdavNyD/

olwdkYawG tdrfxJxdkifNyD; pum;pjrnf ajymvsuf&SdpOf qdkif;rygAHkrqifh cifOD;u

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~ 115 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tJh'g rvkyf&bl; r[kwfvm;}}

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]]olUbmomol 0,fzdkYysif;vdkY aerSmaygh}}

]]rjrLuvnf; 'DvdkeJYyJ NyD;a&mvm;}}

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odoifhoavmuf odoGm;MuygNyD}}

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wdkifay;wmaygh[Jh}}

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'PfaiGwpfaomif; jzpfjzpf? ESpfrsdK;vHk; jzpfjzpf cH&Edkifw,f}}

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olwdkYpum;0dkif;u &,fp&maumif;avonf/ cspfp&mvnf; aumif;onf/ jrLjrLu tHhMoovdk

ar;onf/ ]eifwdkYaemf} [k tpcsDNyD;

]]wpftkyfBuD; cPcP qHkwwfw,faemf? tm;vnf; tm;Muw,f}}

xdkpum;aMumifh olwdkYawG atmifhoufouf jzpfoGm;onf/

Edkif0if;u

~ 116 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]ck aemufydkif;rSyg? ppfOD;eJYeifhudpöu r&Sif;r&Sif; jzpfaevdkY}}

]]bm r&Sif;r&Sif;vJ}}

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igwdkYu qHkqHkay;ae&w,fav[m}}

jrLjrLu xdkpum;udk pdwfr0ifpm;? wrif[efvkyfjcif;rsdK; r[kwf/ trSefpifppfudk pdwfr0ifpm;/

Edkif0if;\ pum;yif rqHk;ao;/ olu aemuftaMumif;t&mwpfckudk jzwfajymonf/

]]reufu 'Dvrf;xJrSm usm;owfyGJ jzpfoGm;w,fwJh}}

]]bmusm;owfyGJvJ}}

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xdkodkYyif pum;0dkif;u [dka&mufonfa&muf jzpfaeonf/ jrLjrLUxHrS txl;tqef;awG

Mum;&NyD; &,fae&wmu rsm;onf/

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~ 117 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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rnfodkYyif jzpfap

jrLESif;at;\ jyefpmudk ppfOD;&cJhygonf/ pmxJwGif

ppfOD;

iguvnf; eifhudk cspfygw,f/ iguvnf; eihfudk cspfygw,f/ iguvnf;

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a&wGufrMunhfbJ odEdkifygonf/

xdkpmudk&awmh tdrfrSm ppfOD;u ajcaxmufESpfacsmif;udk um;um;&yf\/ xdkYaemuf

b,fbuf&iftHkudk nmbufvufoD;qkyfESifh xkum ]*&m;} [k atmifjrifpGm a<u;aMumf\/

ta&;xJ oufoufNidrf;u 0if½Iyfaeao;onf/

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aysmf&wmyif cdk;ckvk jzpfoGm;onf/

~ 118 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [12]

aumif;uifESifhajrBuD; rwnfaomfvnf;
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 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

jrLjrLESifh cspfolawG jzpfNyD;aemufrSm pdwful;awG;xifxm;oavmuf raysmf&wm trSefyJ

jzpfonf/ qdkMuygpdkY/ olESifhudk,fESifh tjyifoGm;vnf&ef csdef;xm;onf/ olvnf; vSvSyy
jyifqifí apmifhaeygonf/ odkYaomf...

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ol nTefjyaom OD;aygufpDonf vrf;ay:rSm wpfudk,fawmf vrf;avQmuf&if; aysmfvsuf

]*kPfqdkwm aiGudkac:w,f... a,mu©rBuD;u rsufESmcsdKw,f...} qdkaom oDcsif;udk
yspfyspfESpfESpf[Jvsuf qHk;oGm;vQif jyefponf/ tacGjyef&pfp&m rvdk/

~ 119 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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txdk;cH&rSef;om OD;aygufpDu rodvdkufwm}}

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olUoabmudk ar;Munhf&ao;onf/

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]]uJ...oGm; Asm oGm;}}

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~ 120 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tdk...r[kwfwm}}

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xdktcgusrS

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OD;aygufpD owdvpf vJusoGm;\/ tpuwnf;u ½kwf½kwfoJoJ jzpfcsifaeaom

ywf0ef;usifonf xdktcgrS ½kwf½kwfoJoJ jzpfoGm;awmh\/ &v'fuawmh ppfOD;ESifhjrLjrLwdkY &Jpcef;
vdkufoGm;&jcif; jzpfonf/ uHaumif;csifawmh w&m;cHu olYtjypfudk ol 0efcHavonf/

]]aygufpDudk wleJY pm;ypfvdkufwmuG}}

olYbmom wleJYyJETifpm;pm; ZGef;eJYyJarTpm;pm; cuf&if;eJYcGJpm;pm; OD;aygufpDuawmh

bmrSrjzpfyg/ aq;½HkrSm cPaeNyD; jyefqif;vmonf/ zdk;wlrSmom axmifxJudk ESpfcsDNyD;
a&mufawmh\/

xdkaeYrSvm;qdkawmhvnf; r[kwf/ aemufaeUawGrSmvnf; xdktwdkif;yif jzpfonf/

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~ 121 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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]]bvdkif;BuD;ygvm;}}

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~ 122 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

tvum; olcdk;awGjzpf\/ NyD;awmh [kwfvnf;r[kwf/ udkudke*g;uvnf; (tdrf&Sif\

txl;*½kpdkufrIudk cH,lum) qDOD;axmywfpm;vsuf udk,fwdkYrSm NrdKUxJ tvnfrxGuf&wmbJ
tzufwifonf/

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ppfOD;wdkY cHvdkuf&jyefNyD/

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vQmESifhoGm;} qdkaom pum;yHkudk pmaMumif;a& (1500)a&;NyD; ay;jcif;jzpf\/ pmatmufajcrSm
olwdkYav;OD;vHk;\ emrnfESifhvufrSwf a&;xdk;xm;\/

qdkifrqdkifawmh rod/

ppfOD;u xdkpmudk udkudke*g;\ vnfywfrSm qGJay;xm;vdkuf\/

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~ 123 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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~ 124 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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odkYaomfvnf; ol bmrSajymí r&Edkifawmhaom taMumif;t&mu ay:vmonf/

olwdkY&yfuGufwGif;rSm uav;upm;uGif; &Sdonf/ jrufcif;xJrSm qdkif;bkwfBuD;u tuste/

]jrufcif;ay:}

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oGm;xyfa&;\/

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bmrSef;vnf; rod/

jrLjrLu ar;onf/

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~ 125 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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jrLjrLESifhusrS cHae&onf/ 'DMum;xJrSm a':at;udku wpfarSmifh/

wpfckawmh &Sdonf/ jrLjrLESifholwdkY cspfol&nf;pm; jzpfMujcif;udk jrLjrLUrdom;pkuaum?

olYrdom;pkuaum rNidKjiifMujcif;jzpfonf/ tpuwnf;u BudKajymjyxm;í b0ifusMujcif;vnf;
jzpfEdkifonf/ cifOD;uqdk jrLjrLUudk tawmfcifonf/

wifarmifOD;nDtpfudkrsm;uvnf; cspfvSpGmaom nDrav;twGuf olYudk MunfMunfjzLjzL

&SdMuonf/ tdrfudk oGm;vQifawmh a':at;udkESifh awGUwmrsm;onf/ olu wpfarSmifhqdkaom udpöudk
quf&ayOD;rnf/

a':at;udku MuHMuHzefzef udpöawGudk pdwf0ifpm;onf/ *sme,fawG r*¾Zif;awGxJvnf;

&SmazGzwfonf/ NyD; olUbmom NidrfNidrfrae/

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olwdkYqufqHa&;u xdkodkYjzpf\/

]][,f...'ku©yJ tJh'gqdk Zmat;jrifhudk olwdkY zrf;rvm; rodbl;}}

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~ 126 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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~ 127 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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vmrulacs/

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~ 128 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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]]jrLjrL}}

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~ 129 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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jyef<um;&rnf/ NrdKUxJudk oGm;p&mudpöu olUrSm &Sdaeao;ojzifh ½kyf&Sif½Hka&SUrSmyJ csdef;vdkufMuonf/

½Hka&SUa&mufawmh ol tarmqdkUoGm;onf/ jrLjrLu wpfa,mufwnf; r[kwf/ twGJESifh

om;om;em;em;vnf; r[kwf/ rJrJjyJjyJ Avaumif;aumif;BuD;/ jrLjrLu olUvufarmif;udk
rSDEGJUaeonf/ qGJxkd;ypfvdkufcsifonf/

oJpkNzdK; jzpfaeíomaygh/

olUrtDrvnftjyHK;udk a':at;udku em;vnfonf/

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~ 130 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 [13]

igESifhtwl
rpkodrf;aomolonf
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 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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tawmfpOf;pm;,l&onf/ rdef;uav;wefr,fh ½Hk;*gwfudkvnf; rMumcP a&mufonf/

[dkwavmuvnf; olwdkY&yfuGufxdyfrSm

]][m...a[haumif...a[haumif armifOD;}}

vSnhfMunhfawmh udkwifarmifvwf jzpfaeonf/

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ql&onfrsdK; r[kwf/

~ 131 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]'gyJaemf jrLUudk rql&bl; BudKajymxm;r,f}}

]]rql&bl;qdk b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ}}

]]rsufaxmifheDBuD;eJY wpfcsufyJMunhf tJh'gqdk&NyD}}

]]rMunhfwwfbl;}}

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wu,fwrf; pHkprf;Munfhawmh...

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jrLjrLu oufaorQom jzpfonf/ odkYaomf xHk;pHtwdkif; jrLESif;at; jzpfvdkufvQif

txl;tqef;awGcsnf; jzpf\/

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um;armif;olu aq;½HkodkY olyJ wm0ef,l ydkYygrnf[k qdkum um;ay:wifac:oGm;onf/ odkYaomf
xdkvlYum;u aq;½HkodkY ra&muf/ olYtdrfudkvnf; ra&muf/ vlemhtdrfudkvnf; ra&muf/

um;aum vlemaum vrf;rSmaysmufaeonf/ jrLjrLu xdktrIrSm ,mOfwdkufrIudk jrifvdkufaom

oufaorsm;pGmxJrS wpfa,mufjzpfonf/

xdkudpörSm olESifhtwl tazmfvkyfae&aomaMumifh tdrfrS cdkif;vdkufaom tvkyfrsm;udk rvkyfjzpf/

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~ 132 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

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jrLjrLu ol xifxm;wmxufawmif vdr®mygao;w,f}}

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wpfaeUrSm jrLjrLu ajymvmonf/

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~ 133 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]aMomf...[kwfvm;? udk,fawmif rodbl;}}

]]jrLom qdk&ifawmh tJvfz&ufEdkb,fvfvdk rjzpfcsifbl;}}

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tjypfawmf rjrifbJ tcspfawmf 0ifae&jcif; jzpfonf/

araru pum;qufvmonf/

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pufbD;awG vlawGukd Munhf&w,f/ a&SUudkwifrubl;/ aemufudkyg aemufMunhfrSefuae
Munhf&w,f/ em;uvnf; [Gef;oHawG em;axmif&w,f/ udk,fhum;&JUpufoHudk em;axmif&w,f/
ESmacgif;uvnf; an§mfeHYawGbmawG owdxm;&w,f/ ajceJYvufuvnf; [efcsufnDnD
vIyf&Sm;&w,f}}

]]awmfygawmh arar&,f? rvG,fvdkufwm}}

]]tqdk;qHk;uawmh udk,fu rSefygvsuf olrsm;u rSm;&ifvnf; ,mOfwdkufrI jzpfawmhwmyJ/

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a':at;udk avoHjzifh ][kwf'gabmh? [kwf'gabmh} [k jyefajymvdkufvQif arar b,fvdkaernf

rod/ tckawmh b,fvdkrS raeojzifh qufajymonf/

]]olawmfaumif; ewfaumif;rw,fvdkY w&m;ao xifae&if rif;tazvdk jzpfoGm;r,f}}

~ 134 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]azazu arareJY ,lvdkufwm uHqdk;oGm;vdkYvm;}}

]][Jh...tJh'grsdK; ajymwmr[kwfbl;/ OyrmuG,f i,fi,fuqdk&if rif;tazrSm tusihfwpfck

&Sdw,f/ wpfckckjzpf&if rdk;ay:udk armharmhMunhfw,f}}

xdkuJhodkYaom tcsdefrsdK;wGif azazuvnf; a&mufa&mufvmonf/ vufywfem&D cRwfae&if;

ararhudk apmif;irf;irf;Munhfum

]]rif;...om;udk ighraumif;aMumif;awG bmawGajymaejyefNyDvJ}}

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vltrsm;BuD;yg}}

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xkdodkYqdkNyD; araru pum;qufonf/

]]olUudk,fol tJh'Dvdk olawmfaumif;BuD;qdkNyD; rdk;ewfrif;BuD;qD arQmfarQmfMunhfwmav?

ajcaxmufu acG;acs;yHkudk wufeif;rdvdkY}}

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]]eHapmfaewmyJ? tJh'g rif;tazudk arar wpfaeYvHk; tuyfrcHbl;}}

]]olawmfaumif; ewfaumif; r qdk}}

]]olawmfaumif; csufaumif;xd...a[h}}

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~ 135 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]r[kwfbJ ajymrvm;}}

]]tdk;...}}

ppfOD; pdwf½IyfoGm;onf/ rdcifjzpfoludkvnf; Za0Z0g jyefMunfhrdonf/ araru

oufjyif;armBuD; rIwfxkwfonf/ ppfOD;u

]]uJ...ajymygOD;? rcufcufpdrf;u wjcm;bmawG xyfajymao;vJ}}

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tuJcwfovdk MunhfNyD; zkef;cGufudk aumufudkifonf/

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tJh'DhtysdKBuD;u tayguftprsm;w,f arar&JU[k pum;qdkaeonf/

]][,fvdk}}

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~ 136 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]udkudk bmvkyfaevJ}}

]]arareJY pum;ajymaewm? ckyJ qdkifoGm;awmhrvdkY? qdkifrSm aiGpm&if;&Sif;wrf;awG

oGm;vkyfay;&r,f}}

tcsdefodyfr&SdaMumif; BudKpum;cHxm;&onf/

]]0gu cPyg}}

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]]udkudk oefbufcgreufavmuf jrLESif;at;udk csdef;Munhfygvm;}}

]]b,fudkvJ}}

]]oifhawmfwJh wpfae&m&mudkaygh}}

]]bmvkyfzdkYvJ}}

]]aMomf...ol vm rvmaygh}}

]]rtm;&ifawmh rvmblaygh? tm;&ifawmh vmrSmaygh}}

]]rtm;rSm aocsmygw,f}}

]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

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]]bmajymaewmvJ? ig em;rvnfbl;}}

~ 137 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

wpfzufrS rcdk;rcefY &,foHESifhtwl

]]rMumcif udkudk em;vnfvmrSm 'gyJaemf}}

zkef;csoGm;onf/ cifOD;ESifhyif pum;rajymawmh/ ol zkef;cGufcsvdkufawmh ararESifh cifOD;u

olYudk Munhfaeonf/ cifOD;u...

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xdkYaemuf cifOD;udk...

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cifOD;u 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;qD zkef;jyefac:ay;onf/

]]0g0gvm; at; udkudku zkef;ajymrvkdYwJh? cPudkifxm;OD;}}

ol zkef;udkifudkifcsif;rSmyJ 0g0gaomif;a0NzdK;u...

]]udkudk zkef;jyefqufr,fqdkwmudk 0g0g odom;yJ}}

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~ 138 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]udkudk xifvdkY jzpfrSmaygh? uJ...ajym...0g0g bmawG yGm;rsm;&rSmvJ}}

]]jrLjrLUtaMumif;udk aoaocsmcsm xyfajymprf;}}

]]udkudku bmudk odcsifwmvJ? aeOD; ck jrLjrLUudk pum;awmufMunhfNyD;NyDvm;}}

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apmifhMunhfaeaom cifOD;u zkef;csvdkufaom olUudk...

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]]jrLjrLeJY t&ifzkef;ajymygwJh NyD;rS olUudk jyefqufwJh}}

]]jrLjrLUqD b,fvkdzkef;ac:&rvJ}}

jrLjrLUqD qufoG,fí&aom zkef;eHygwfudk ol &Gwfjyvdkufonf/ cifOD;crsm BudK;pm;yrf;pm;

tawmfac:,l&onf/ jrLjrLESifh wdkuf½dkufzkef;&awmhrS olUudk urf;ay;\/

]]jrLjrLvm;}}

]][kwfw,f...udkOD;vm;...xl;xl;jcm;jcm; bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

]]tck jrL bmvkyfaevJ}}

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]]bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

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jyefjrifEdkifw,f/ vlu b,favmufyJ 0SufNyD;vkyfvkyf olwdkYu jrifw,fwJh/ tJh'gudk tjrifuwfvdkY
vdkuf½dkufaewm}}

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~ 139 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]tif;...}}

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]][ifhtif;...,yfawmifBuD;eJY}}

av,lavodrf;uawmh ayghyg;Munfvifvsuf tjypfuif;pifvGef;onf/ olruyif olYudk

ar;vdkufao;onf/

]]udkOD;uaum bmvkyfaevJ}}

]]rvkyfygbl;uGm [dkawG;'DawG;aygh}}

]]udkOD;...udkOD;}}

]][if...}}

]]udkOD; jrLUudk vufxyfrSm r[kwfvm;}}

]]tif;...}}

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]][kwf...}}

]]tif;...udkOD;uawmh npfNyD/ xm;ygawmh/ udkOD; jrLUudk vufxyf&if pydefOya'twkdif;

vufxyf&r,faemf}}

]]b,fvdkvJ}}

]]pydefOya't&qdk&if a,musfm;awGu rdef;rawG&JU rD;zdkacsmiftvkyfudk vkyfay;&r,f?

ulnD0dkif;0ef; vkyfay;&r,fvdkY ajymwm}}

]]tif;...}}

]]b,fvdk tif;wmvJ}}

]][dk rD;zdkacsmif0ifNyD; [dk...jrnf;ay;r,fav? [if;jrnf;ay;r,f}}

]]tawmfyifyef;aeOD;r,f? aemufNyD; uav;ulxdef;ay;&r,f}}

~ 140 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

]]&...&w,fav? yg0g&def;*sm;tacG iSm;ay;xm;vdkufr,f}}

]][ifh...vlBuD;awGudk jyKpkapmifha&Smuf&r,f}}

]]Nurse iSm;xm;vdkY &ygw,f/ 'grSr[kwfvnf; bdk;...bdk;bGm;&dyfom}}

jrLjrL pdwfqdk;oGm;avonf/ trSefawmh olu olUudk,fol ayghayghyg;yg; jzpfatmif

]aemuf}aejcif; jzpf\/ jrLjrLuvnf; twnfar;onf[k ol rxif/ ckawmh...

]]tck jrL a,musfm;,lrvdkY? awmfNyD? udkOD;udkawmh r,lawmhbl;}}

]]jrLjrL...jrL...jrLjrL}}

wpfzufrS pdwfqdk;rmefqdk;ESifh zkef;csoGm;avonf/

zkef;cGufudkifNyD; idkifaeaom olYudk cifOD;u...

]]udkudk bmjzpfvdkYvJ}}

olu xdktcgusrS owd0ifvmNyD;...

]]cifOD; udkudkUudk 0g0ghqD zkef;jyefac:ay;yg}}

]][kwf...}}

wpfzufrS 0g0gu tqifoifh apmifhaeyHk&onf/

]]b,fvdkvJ udkudk? tqifajy&JUvm;}}

]]r[kwfbl; tJh'gudk pum;ra&mufvdkufbl;}}

]]bmjzpfvdkY ar;rMunhfwmvJ}}

]]'Dtwdkif;BuD; olu zkef;csoGm;w,f}}

]]udkudkar;&ifvnf; r&bl;vdkY ol ajzr,f}}

]]eifu bmvkdY tykdifodaewmvJ}}

~ 141 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
 wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

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~ 143 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
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~ 144 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
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~ 145 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
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~ 147 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
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~ 148 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
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~ 150 ~ jrefrmhrQm;ewfarmif
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wm&mrif;a0 0uFygudkzGifhwJhaomh

wm&mrif;a0
(24.6.05)