Daoism Main article: Daoist meditation "Gathering the Light", Taoist meditation from The Secret of the Golden

Flower Taoist or Daoist meditation has a long history, and has developed various techni ues including concentration, visuali!ation, i cultivation, contemplation, and mindfulness meditations" Traditional Daoist meditative practices were influenced #y $hinese %uddhism #eginning around the &th century, and later had influence upon Traditional $hinese medicine and the $hinese martial arts" Livia 'ohn distinguishes three #asic types of Daoist meditation: "concentrative", "insight", and "visuali!ation""()*+ Ding (literally means "decide; settle; stabilize") refers to "deep concentration", "intent contemplation", or "perfect absorption." Guan (lit. "watch; observe; view") meditation seeks to merge attain unity with the ao. !t was developed by "ang ynasty (#$%&'() aoist masters based upon the "iantai )uddhist practice of *ipassan, "insight" or "wisdom" meditation" $un (lit. "e+ist; be present; survive") has a sense of "to cause to e+ist; to make present" in the meditation techni,ues popularized by the aoist -hang,ing and .ingbao -chools. / meditator visualizes or actualizes solar and lunar essences, lights, and deities within his0her body, which supposedly results in health and longevity, even +ian "immortality". "he (late 1th century) Guanzi essay 2eiye "!nward training" is the oldest received writing on the sub3ect of ,i cultivation and breath4control meditation techni,ues.5&(6 7or instance, "8hen you enlarge your mind and let go of it, when you rela+ your vital breath and e+pand it, when your body is calm and unmoving9 /nd you can maintain the :ne and discard the myriad disturbances. ... "his is called "revolving the vital breath"9 ;our thoughts and deeds seem heavenly."5&%6 "he (c. <rd century )=>) aoist ?huangzi records zuowang or "sitting forgetting" meditation. =onfucius asked his disciple ;an @ui to e+plain what "sit and forget" means9 "! slough off my limbs and trunk, dim my intelligence, depart from my form, leave knowledge behind, and become identical with the "ransformational "horoughfare."5&&6 aoist meditation practices are central to =hinese martial arts (and some Aapanese martial arts), especially the ,i4related 2ei3ia "internal martial arts". -ome well4 known e+amples are aoyin "guiding and pulling", Bigong "life4energy e+ercises", 2eigong "internal e+ercises", 2eidan "internal alchemy", and "ai3i,uan "great ultimate bo+ing", which is thought of as moving meditation. :ne common e+planation contrasts "movement in stillness" referring to energetic visualization of ,i circulation in Bigong and zuochan "seated meditation",5($6 versus "stillness in movement" referring to a state of meditative calm in "ai3i,uan forms.