CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)

Section C

Q19. Solve for x : 4x
2
4ax + (a
2
b
2
) = 0

Solution:
The given quadratic equation is
( )
2 2 2
4 4 0 x ax a b + = .
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2
2
2
4 4 0
4 4 0
4 [ 2 2 2 2 ] ( ) ( ) 0
4 2 2 2 2 0
4 2 2 0
2 [2 ( )] [2 ( )] 0
[2 ( )][2 ( )] 0
2 ( ) 0 or 2 ( ) 0
2 o
x ax a b
x ax a b a b
x a a b b x a b a b
x b a x a b x a b a b
x b a x a b x a b a b
x x a b a b x a b
x a b x a b
x a b x a b
x a b
+ =
+ + =
+ + + + =
+ + + + =
+ + + + =
+ =
+ =
= + =
= r 2
or
2 2
x a b
a b a b
x x
= +
+
= =

Thus, the solution of the given quadratic equation is given by or
2 2
a b a b
x x
+
= = .

OR

Solve for
2
: 3 2 6 2 0 x x x + =

Solution:
The given quadratic equation is
2
3 2 6 2 0 x x + = .
Comparing with the quadratic equation ax
2
+ bx + c = 0, we have
a = 3, 2 6 b= and c = 2
Discriminant of the given quadratic equation,
D = b
2
4ac
( )
2
2 6 4 3 2 24 24 0 = = =
CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


( )
2 6 0
2 3 2
2 6
6
6
3
b D
x x
a
x
x

(

= =
(

(

=
=

Thus, the solution of the given quadratic equation is x =
6
3
.


Q20. Prove that the parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a rhombus.

Solution:
Since ABCD is a parallelogram,
AB = CD (1)
BC = AD (2)



It can be observed that
DR = DS (Tangents on the circle from point D)
CR = CQ (Tangents on the circle from point C)
BP = BQ (Tangents on the circle from point B)
AP = AS (Tangents on the circle from point A)
Adding all these equations, we obtain
DR + CR + BP + AP = DS + CQ + BQ + AS
(DR + CR) + (BP + AP) = (DS + AS) + (CQ + BQ)
CD + AB = AD + BC
On putting the values of equations (1) and (2) in this equation, we obtain
2AB = 2BC
AB = BC (3)

Comparing equations (1), (2), and (3), we obtain
AB = BC = CD = DA
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.


CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


OR

Prove that opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles
at the centre of the circle.

Solution:


Let ABCD be a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle centered at O such that it touches the circle
at point P, Q, R, S. Let us join the vertices of the quadrilateral ABCD to the center of the circle.
Consider AOAP and AOAS,
AP = AS (Tangents from the same point)
OP = OS (Radii of the same circle)
OA = OA (Common side)
AOAP ~ AOAS (SSS congruence criterion)
Therefore, A A, P S, O O
And thus, ZPOA = ZAOS
Z1 = Z8
Similarly,
Z2 = Z3
Z4 = Z5
Z6 = Z7

Z1 + Z2 + Z3 + Z4 + Z5 + Z6 + Z7 + Z8 = 360
(Z1 + Z8) + (Z2 + Z3) + (Z4 + Z5) + (Z6 + Z7) = 360
2Z1 + 2Z2 + 2Z5 + 2Z6 = 360
2(Z1 + Z2) + 2(Z5 + Z6) = 360
(Z1 + Z2) + (Z5 + Z6) = 180
ZAOB + ZCOD = 180
Similarly, we can prove that ZBOC + ZDOA = 180
Hence, opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles at
the centre of the circle.

CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


Q21. Construct a right triangle in which the sides, (other than the hypotenuse) are of length 6 cm
and 8 cm. Then construct another triangle, whose sides are
3
5
times the corresponding sides
of the given triangle.

Solution:

Given:
BC = 6 cm, AC = 8 cm
The triangle to be formed is to be right angled triangle.
Steps of construction:
1. Draw a line segment BC = 6 cm.
2. Draw a ray CN making an angle of 90 at C.
3. With C as centre, taking 8 cm as the radius make an arc at CN intersecting it at A. Join
AB.
4. Now, ABC is the triangle whose similar triangle is to be drawn.
5. Draw any ray BX making an acute angle with BC on the side opposite to the vertex A.
6. Locate 5 (Greater of 3 and 5 in
3
5
) points B
1
, B
2
, B
3
, B
4
and B
5
on BX so that BB
1
= B
1
B
2
=
B
2
B
3
= B
3
B
4
= B
4
B
5
7. Join B
5
C and draw a line through B
3
(Smaller of 3 and 5 in
3
5
) parallel to B
5
C to intersect BC
at C.
8. Draw a line through C' parallel to the line CA to intersect BA at A'.
CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


9. A'BC' is the required similar triangle whose sides are
3
5
times the corresponding sides of
AABC.


Q22. In Fig. 7, PQ and AB are respectively the arcs of two concentric circles of radii 7 cm and
3.5 cm and centre O. If POQ = 30, then find the area of the shaded region.
22
Use
7
t
(
=
(




Solution:
PQ and AB are the arcs of two concentric circles of radii 7 cm and 3.5 cm respectively.
Let r
1
and r
2
be the radii of the outer and the inner circle respectively.
Suppose u be the angle subtended by the arcs at the centre O.
Then
1 2
7 cm, 3.5 cm and 30 r r u = = =
Area of the shaded region
= Area of sector OPQ Area of sector OAB
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
1 2
2 2
1 2
2 2
2
2
2
360 360
360
30 22
7 cm 3.5 cm
360 7
1 22
49 12.25 cm
12 7
1 22
36.75 cm
12 7
9.625 cm
r r
r r
u u
t t
u
t
=

=

(
=

=
=
=


Thus, the area of the shaded region is 9.625 cm
2
.


CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


Q23. From a solid cylinder of height 7 cm and base diameter 12 cm, a conical cavity of same
height and same base diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining
solid.
22
Use
7
t
(
=
(



Solution:

It is given that, height (h) of cylindrical part = height (h) of the conical part = 7 cm
Diameter of the cylindrical part = 12 cm
Radius (r) of the cylindrical part
12
cm=6cm
2
=
Radius of conical part = 6 cm
Slant height (l) of conical part
2 2
cm r h = +
2 2
= 6 7 cm
= 36 49 cm
= 85 cm
=9.22cm (approx.)
+
+

Total surface area of the remaining solid
= CSA of cylindrical part + CSA of conical part + Base area of the circular part
= 2trh + trl + tr
2

2 2 2
2 2 2
2
22 22 22
2 6 7cm 6 9.22cm 6 6cm
7 7 7
264cm 173.86cm 113.14cm
551cm
= + +
= + +
=


OR

A cylindrical bucket, 32 cm high and with radius of base 18 cm, is filled with sand. This bucket
is emptied on the ground and a conical heap of sand is formed. If the height of the conical heap is
24 cm, then find the radius and slant height of the heap.

Solution:
CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)




Height (h
1
) of cylindrical bucket = 32 cm
Radius (r
1
) of circular end of bucket = 18 cm
Height (h
2
) of conical heap = 24 cm
Let the radius of the circular end of conical heap be r
2.

The volume of sand in the cylindrical bucket will be equal to the volume of sand in the conical
heap.
Volume of sand in the cylindrical bucket = Volume of sand in conical heap
2 2
1 1 2 2
1

3
r h r h =
2 2
2
1
18 32 24
3
r =
2 2
2
2
2 2
2
1
18 32 24
3
3 18 32
18 4
24
r
r
=

= =

r
2
= 18 2 = 36 cm
Slant height =
2 2 2 2 2
36 24 12 (3 2 ) 12 13 cm + = + =

Therefore, the radius and slant height of the conical heap are 36 cm and 12 13 cmrespectively.


Q24. The angles of depression of two ships from the top of a light house and on the same side of
it are found to be 45 and 30. If the ships are 200 m apart, find the height of the light
house.

Solution:
The given situation can be represented diagrammatically as,
CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)



Here, AB is the light house and the ships are at the points C and D; h is the height of the light
house and BC = x.
In right angled AABC:
AB
tan 45
AC
tan 45
1
h
x
h
x
x h
=
=
=
=


In right angled AABD,
| |
AB
tan30
BD
tan30
200
tan30
200
1
200 3
h
x
h
x h
h
h
h
=
=
+
= =
+
=
+

CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


( )
( )
( )
( )
200 3
3 200
3 1 200
200
m
3 1
3 1
200
3 1 3 1
h h
h h
h
h
h
+ =
=
=
=

+
=



( )
( )
200
3 1
2
100 3 1
h
h
= +
= +

Hence, the height of the light house is
( )
100 3 1 m. +


Q25. A point P divides the line segment joining the points A (3, 5) and B (4, 8) such that
AP K
PB 1
= . If P lies on the line x + y = 0, then find the value of K.

Solution:
The given points are A (3, 5) and B ( 4, 8).
1 1 2 2
Here, 3, 5, 4 and 8 x y x y = = = = .
Since
AP K
PB 1
= , the point P divides the line segment joining the points A and B in the ratio K:1.

The co-ordinates of P can be found using the section formula
2 1 2 1
,
mx nx my ny
m n m n
+ + | |
|
+ +
\ .
.
Here, m = K and n = 1

( ) ( ) K 4 1 3 K 8 + 1 5
4K+3 8K 5
Co-ordinates of P , ,
K + 1 K + 1 K+1 K+1
+ | | | |
= =
| |
\ .
\ .


It is given that, P lies on the line x + y = 0.

CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


4K+3 8K 5
0
K+1 K+1
4K 3 8K 5
0
K+1
4K 2 0
4K 2
1
K
2

+ =
+ +
=
=
=
=

Thus, the required value of K is
1
2
.


Q26. If the vertices of a triangle are (1, 3), (4, p) and (9, 7) and its area is 15 sq. units, find the
value(s) of p.

Solution:
Given, vertices of a triangle are (1, 3), (4, p) and (9, 7).
1 1
2 2
3 3
1 , 3
4 ,
9 , 7
x y
x y p
x y
= =
= =
= =


Area of given triangle
= ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2
1
2
x y y x y y x y y ( + +


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
| |
| |
( )
1
1 7 4 7 3 9 3
2
1
7 40 27 9
2
1
10 60
2
5 6
p p
p p
p
p
( = + + +

= + + +
= +
= +

Here, the obtained expression may be positive or negative.
( ) ( )
5 6 15 or 5 6 15
6 3 or 6 3
3 or 9
p p
p p
p p
+ = + =
+ = + =
= =




CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


Q27. A box contains 100 red cards, 200 yellow cards and 50 blue cards. If a card is drawn at
random from the box, then find the probability that it will be (i) a blue card (ii) not a
yellow card (iii) neither yellow nor a blue card.

Solution:
Number of red cards = 100
Number of yellow cards = 200
Number of blue cards = 50
Total number of cards = 100 + 200 + 50 = 350
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
Number of blue cards
i P a blue card
Total number of cards
50

350
1

7
Number of cards other than yellow
ii P not a yellow card
Total number of cards

=
=
=
=
Number of red cards + Number of blue cards

Total number of cards
100 50

350
150

350

=
+
=
=
3

7
=

( ) ( )
Number of cards which are neither yellow nor blue
iii P Neither yellow nor a blue card
Total number of cards
Number of red cards

Total number o
=
=
f cards
100

350
2

7
=
=






Q28. The 17
th
term of an AP is 5 more than twice its 8
th
term. If the 11
th
term of the AP is 43,
then find its n
th
term.

CBSE X Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 1)


Solution:
Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of the given A.P.
According to the given question,
17
th
term = 2 8
th
term + 5
( ) ( ) ( )
| |
( )
17 8
i.e., 2 5
17 1 2 8 1 5 (as 1 )
16 2 7 5
16 2 14 5
2 5 ... 1
n
a a
a d a d a a n d
a d a d
a d a d
a d
= +
( + = + + = +

+ = + +
+ = + +
=


Also, 11
th
term, a
11
= 43
( )
( )
11 1 43
10 43
2 5 10 43 Using 1
12 48
4
2 5 2(4) 5 8 5 3
a d
a d
d d
d
d
a d
+ =
+ =
( + =

=
=
= = = =


Thus, n
th
term of the ( ) AP, 1
n
a a n d = +
On putting the respective values of a and d, we get
( )
3 1 4 3 4 4 4 1
n
a n n n = + = + =

Hence, n
th
term of the given AP is 4 1 n .