Biology 355 - Summer Quarter 2012 Organelles: Structures and Functions #rou$ Num%er 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 " 1# Organelle centriole cillium

extracellular matrix flagellum gap junction Golgi apparatus kinetochore l sosome microtubule mitochon!rion #rou$ Num%er 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1" 2#

Name: Chris Choe ate: !"21"12 Organelle nuclear envelope nuclear pore nucleolus peroxisome plasma membrane proteosome ribosome rough en!oplasmic reticulum smooth en!oplasmic reticulum vesicle

1$ %or the organelle assigne! to our group in class& use our textbook's in!ex to i!entif relevant pages an! figures to learn about its structure(s) an! function(s)$ *hat pages an! figures +oul! ou recommen! to our peers, Pages 9-10, Figure 1-12, Figure 1-13, pages 617-648 (first half is particularly useful), Figures 10-1, 102, 10-15, 10-16, 10-19 2$ -escribe our organelle's structure(s) in one concise an! precise paragraph$ .nclu!e sufficient !etail to be informative to our peers in other groups$ !he plas"a "e"#ra$e c%$sists %f a lipi& #ilayer that separates the cell i$teri%r a$& %rga$elles fr%" the e'ter$al e$(ir%$"e$t Pr%tei$s f%r su#sta$ce tra$sp%rt, sig$ali$g, a$& catalysis are e"#e&&e& i$t% #%th si&es %f the "e"#ra$e, a$& s%"eti"es cha$$el right thr%ugh the "e"#ra$e !he ph%sph%lipi&s c%"prisi$g the lipi& #ilayer ha(e their p%lar hea&s faci$g t%)ar&s the e'ter$al e$(ir%$"e$t*i$ter$al e$(ir%$"e$t, )hile the $%$p%lar tails p%i$t t%)ar& the"sel(es !he lipi& hea&s p%i$ti$g t%)ar&s the i$teri%r %f the cell te$& t% c%$tai$ a ter"i$al pri"ary a$i"% gr%up, )hile the lipi& hea&s p%i$ti$g t%)ar&s the e'ter$al e$(ir%$"e$t te$& t% c%$tai$ ch%li$e, creati$g a charge gra&ie$t 3$ -escribe our organelle's function(s) in one concise an! precise paragraph$ .nclu!e sufficient !etail to be informative to our peers in other groups$ !he plas"a "e"#ra$e acts as a se"iper"ea#le #arrier that +eeps %rga$elles a$& cell cyt%s%l i$ the cell )hile +eepi$g e$(ir%$"e$tal che"icals %ut %f the cell (t% a large e'te$t) !he plas"a "e"#ra$e als% all%)s ra) "aterials i$t% the cell, a$& all%)s )aste "aterial (%r %ther "%lecules the cell &%es $%t )a$t i$si&e) %ut %f the cell !ra$sp%rt pr%tei$s ca$ facilitate this pr%cess a$& regulate )hat "%lecules a cell ta+es i$ a$& ta+es %ut ,ig$alli$g pr%tei$s i$ the "e"#ra$e recei(e che"ical sig$als a$& pr%(%+e a cellular resp%$se t% th%se sig$als -ther pr%tei$s e"#e&&e& i$t% the "e"#ra$e pr%(i&e structural supp%rt %r li$+ t% %ther $eigh#%ri$g cells 4$ /xplain ho+ our organelle's structure(s) me!iates its function(s) in one concise an! precise paragraph$ .nclu!e sufficient !etail to be informative to our peers in other groups$ !he ph%sph%lipi&s that c%"prise the plas"a "e"#ra$e $aturally %r&er the"sel(es i$t% lipi& #ilayers %r lipi& "icelles i$ p%lar s%l(e$ts ()ater) !his "a+es #u&&i$g %ff %r #u&&i$g i$ parts %f the "e"#ra$e i$t% c%"part"e$ts a si"ple pr%cess, )hich ai&s i"p%rt %f )a$te& "atter a$& e'p%rt %f u$)a$te& "atter !he p%lar e'teri%r*$%$p%lar i$teri%r arra$ge"e$t %f the #ilayer helps li"it &iffusi%$ %f "%lecules acr%ss the "e"#ra$e. $%$p%lar "%lecules ca$ #e st%ppe& #y the p%lar faci$gs, p%lar "%lecules ca$ #e st%ppe& #y the $%$p%lar i$teri%r !his arra$ge"e$t +eeps the "e"#ra$e relati(ely i"per"ea#le, )hich

helps separate the i$teri%r %f the cell fr%" the e'teri%r e$(ir%$"e$t !he #ilayer/s per"ea#ility ca$ #e further regulate& #y the $u"#er %f +i$+e&-tail ph%sph%lipi&s i$ the #ilayer. the "%re ph%sph%lipi&s )ith saturate& hy&r%car#%$s, the "%re per"ea#le the "e"#ra$e is !he pr%tei$s that stu& the "e"#ra$e &irectly ai& tra$sp%rt %f "aterial acr%ss the #ilayer, sig$ali$g, a$& catalysis, as )ell as create li$+s t% pr%tei$s %r %ther cells (%r li$+ t% %ther pr%tei$s t% "a+e structural supp%rts) !he &iffere$ce %f the c%"p%siti%$ %f the lipi& hea&s i$si&e*%utsi&e the cell helps pr%tei$s attach t% the 0c%rrect1 si&e %f the #ilayer. certai$ pr%tei$s )ill %$ly attach if the charge gra&ie$t (rather, the hea& c%"p%siti%$ that &eter"i$es the charge gra&ie$t) is c%rrect