CH DN TNH TON BN HAI PHNG

THEO ACI318-02
TS. Nghim Mnh Hin
Bng 18-1: Chiu dy ti thiu ca bn hai phng (ct thp mc 60)

B tr ct thp trong sn khng dm

PHNG PHP KHUNG TNG NG

(Dch t tiu chun ACI318-02, chng 20)
Cc vn chung
Phn tch theo phng php khung tng ng l chuyn i t h khung ba
chiu vi sn hai phng (sn bn k, tc gi) sang cc khung hai chiu (sn-dm v
ct), vi mi khung c ko n ton b chiu cao ca nh nh hnh v 1. Chiu rng
ca khung tng ng ko n trung bnh nhp gia cc trc ct. Phn tch hon chnh
cho cc bn hai phng ca mt cng trnh bao gm phn tch mt lot cc khung tng
ng bin v gia theo trc dc v trc ngang ca nh. Vi ti trng bn thn, sn-dm
ti mi mc sn hoc mi c th phn tch ring bit vi u khng lin kt ca ct vi
sn-dm ang tnh c coi l ngm.
Phng php phn tch n hi khung tng ng c ng dng cho cc cng
trnh vi cc ct c b tr trn li trc giao, cc trc ct theo phng dc v ngang
nh. Phng php ny c th p dng cho cc sn c dm hoc khng dm.
Phng php khung tng ng c th s dng phn tch ti trng ngang nu
cng ca cc phn t khung c iu chnh khi k n vt nt v cc yu t lin
quan khc. Xem tho lun ti 13.3.1.2 phn 8.
Thit k s b
Trc khi thc hin phn tch khung tng ng, chiu dy s b ca sn h
hn ch chuyn v, theo yu cu v chiu dy ti thiu ti muc 9.5.3. Bng 18-1 v hnh
18-3 c th dc s dng n gin ha vic tnh ton chiu dy sn. i vi sn
khng dm, khi thit k cn kim tra cng chu ct ca sn ti vng ln cn ct v
cc gi ta khc, theo cc quy nh cho sn ti mc 11.12. Xem tho lun ti mc
13.5.4 phn 18.
13.7.2 Khung tng ng
p dng nh ngha khung ti cc mc 13.7.2, 13.2.1, v 13.2.2 c th hin
trong hnh 20-1 v 20-2. Mt s iu chnh c yu cu khi p dng nh ngha cho
trong 13.2.1 i vi h sn c cc nhp khc nhau dc theo di thit k. Cc phn t ca
khung tng ng l sn-dm, phn t chu xon (phn t trc giao nm ngang) c
bng ct (phn t ng). Phn t chu xon mang m men chuyn gia sn-dm v

ct. Cc phn t ca khung tng ng th hin trong hnh 20-3. Bc u tin ca

vic phn tch khung l cc thnh phn cng un ca cc phn t khung cn c
xc nh.

Hnh 20-1: Khung tng ng cho nh 5 tng

13.7.3 Sn-dm
Dng chung ca h sn c hoc khng dm gia cc gi ta c th hin trong
hnh 20-4 v 20-5. Mt ct ngang xc nh cng ca phn t sn-dm, K sb gia
cc trc gi ta c th hin cho mi dng. Biu cng tng ng sn dm c
th c s dng xc nh hng s phn phi m men v m men u ngm cho
phn tch khung tng ng.
Vic tnh ton cng tng ng ca sn-dm da trn cc vn sau:
- M men qun tnh ti cc mt ca gi ta da trn mt ct ngang nguyn ca
b tng. S bin i m men qun tnh dc theo trc ca sn-dm gia cc gi
ta cn c k n.
- Gi ta l ct, m ct, vm hoc tng. Dm khng c coi l gi ta trong
khung tng ng.

- M men qun tnh ca sn dm t mt gi ta n trc gi ta c gi thit

l bng m men qun tnh ca sn-dm ti mt gi ta chia cho mt lng
bng (1 c2 l2 ) (13.7.3.3)
2

H s (1 c2 l2 ) c p dng cho m men qun tnh ti mt gi ta v tm gi

2

ta, vi nh hng, t nht l to phn t vm cho sn-dm trong khong chiu di ca

n. Do , cng, cc h s v m men u ngm da trn gi thit thng dng l
phn t lng tr u khng th p dng cho phn t sn-dm.

Hnh 20-2: Di thit k ca khung tng ng

Hnh 20-3: Cc phn t ca khung tng ng

Hnh 20-4: Cc dng mt ct tnh cng Sn-Dm K sb

Hnh 20-5: Cc dng mt ct tnh cng Sn-Dm

13.7.4 Ct
Dng chung cc iu kin bin ca ct nh trn hnh 20-6. cng ca ct da
trn chiu cao ct lc tnh t tm sn pha trn n tm sn pha di. th cng ca
ct c th c dng xc nh cng ngang ca ct, K c . th cng da trn
cc vn sau:
- M men qun tnh ca ct ngoi nt sn-dm da trn din tch mt ct
ngang nguyn ca b tng. S bin i ca m men qun tnh gia cc
nt sn-dm cn c k n. Vi ct c m, m men qun tnh c
coi l bin thin tuyn tnh t y m ct n y sn dm.
- M men qun tnh gi thit l bng v cng t y sn dm n nt.
Cng nh cc phn t sn dm, h s cng, K c khng th da trn
gi thit phn t lng tr u.
Bng A7 trong ph lc A20A c th c s dng xc nh cng thc t
ca ct v h s chuyn i.

Hnh 20-6: Cc dng mt ct tnh cng ca ct K c

Phn t chu xon
Phn t chu xon ca cc nt sn-dm thng thng c th hin trong hnh
20-7. Mt ct ngang ca phn t xon l gi tr ln nht trong s nhng gi tr c
nh ngha theo ba iu kin trong 13.7.5.1. cc iu kin a, b, c c th hin trong
hnh 20-7.
cng K t ca phn t chu xon c tnh ton theo biu thc sau y:
9E C

cs
Kt =
3
l2 (1 c2 l2 )

Trong tng c thc hin vi tt c cc phn t xon lin kt vi nt: 2 i

vi khung trong v 1 i vi khung bin.
Thnh phn C l m men qun tnh xon ca cc phn t chu xon lin kt vi
nt.

x x3 y
C = 1 0.63
y 3

Trong x l cnh ngn v y l cnh di ca phn mt ct ch nht ca phn t

xon. Gi tr C c tnh ton bng cch chia mt ct ngang ca phn t chu xon

thnh cc phn c dng ch nht v tnh tng cc gi tr C ca cc phn ch nht .

Nn chia sao cho gi tr C cui cng tnh c l ln nht. p dng ca biu thc tnh
C c th hin trong hnh 20-8.

Hnh 20-7: Cc phn t chu xon

Nu dm ni vo nt theo hng m cn xc nh m men th cng xon cn
tng ln nh sau:
K ta =

K t I sb
Is

Trong : K ta l cng tng ln do dm song song (nh hnh 20.3); I s l m

men qun tnh ca bn c chiu rng l l2 : I s = l2 h3 12 ; I sb l m men qun tnh ca tit
din ch T bao gm c dm song song v bn nh trn.

Hnh 20-8: Cc phn t chu xon

Ct tng ng (R13.7.4)
cng tng ng ca ct c vit di dng nghc o nh sau:
1
=
K ec

1
1
+
Kc Kt

Tnh ton m men

Theo ch dn ca ACI318-02, phn tnh ton m men ca khung tng ng
c tnh cho mt sn theo phng php phn phi m men. Phng php ny mt kh
nhiu thi gian tnh ton. rt ngn thi gian tnh ton, c th s dng phn mm
tnh ton.
M men m
M men m thit k nn ly ti mt ca gi ta nhng khng qu 0.175l1 tnh t
tm gi ta. Gi tr ny l mt gii hn i vi gi ta hp v di. Gi ta c th l ct,
m ct, tng. Gi ta khng c dng ch nht c a v dng hnh vung c cng
din tch mt ct ngang. Ch i vi sn c dm, mt dm khng c k n trong

vic xc nh v tr mt gi ta. V tr ca mt ct ti hn cho cc dng gi ta khac

nhau c th hin trong hnh 20-11.

Hnh 20-11: Mt ct ti hn tnh m men m

Phn phi m men trong di ct v di gia
Phn phi m men cho di ct:
M men m ti gi ca nhp gia di ct c cc h s phn phi tnh theo phn
trm nh sau:

M men m ti gi ca nhp bin di ct c cc h s phn phi tnh theo phn

trm nh sau:

M men dng ti nhp ca nhp bin v nhp gia di ct c cc h s phn phi

tnh theo phn trm nh sau:

M men ca di gia l phn trm cn li ca tng m men sau khi tr i m

men do di ct chu

V d tnh ton
V d 1 (V d ACI20-1): S dng phng php khung tng ng xc nh m
men theo phng tnh ton nh hnh v, sn ti ch.
Chiu cao tng: 9 ft (2.74 m)
Kch thc ct: 16x16 in (0.41x0,41 m)
Kt cu chu ti trng ngang l vch cng
Khng c dm bin
Tnh ti: 20 psf (97.7 kg/m2)
Hot ti: 40 psf (195.4 kg/m2)
2

f c = 4000 psi (281.5 kg/cm ) cho sn, b tng thng

2

f c = 6000 psi (422.2 kg/cm ) cho ct, b tng thng

2

f y = 60000 psi (4222 2 kg/cm )

Tnh ton v tho lun

1. La chn s b chiu dy sn:
Theo iu kin bin dng:
i vi h sn phng, chiu dy ti thiu vi ct thp mc 60 l:
h=

ln 200
=
= 6.67 in (17 cm)
30 30

V khng nh hn 5 in (12.7 cm)

Vi ln l nhp thng thy ln = 18x12-16=200 in (5.08 m)

Chn sn c chiu dy 7 in (17.78 cm)
Theo iu kin chc thng (theo tiu chun Vit Nam):
2. Cc phn t ca khung tng ng
a. cng un ca sn dm ti hai u, K sb :
cN 1
c
16
16
=
= 0.074 ; N 2 =
= 0.1
l1 18x12
l2 14x12

Vi cN 1 = cF 1 v cN 2 = cF 2 , tra bng A1 ph lc 20A v ni suy: k NF = kFN = 4.13

cng ca sn l: K sb = k NF

Ecs I s
E I
= 4.13 cs s
l1
l1

Trong :
M men qun tnh ca sn: I s =

l2 h3 14 x12x73
4
4
=
= 4802 in (199874.33 cm )
12
12

M un n hi ca b tng sn: E cs = 3.6x106 psi (253332.5 kg/cm2)

Nh vy, gi tr cng ca sn l:
5

K sb = 331x106 lb/in (592x10 kg/cm)

b. cng ca phn t ct ti hai u, K c :

Tham kho bng A7, ph lc 20A, ta = 3.5 in, tb = 3.5 in
H = 9x12=108 in (2.74 m); H c = 108-7=101 in (2.57 m); ta tb = 1 ; H H c = 1.07

Tm c k AB = k BA = 4.74 bng ni suy

Kc =

4.74E cc I c
= 1059x106 lb/in
lc

Trong :
M men qun tnh ca ct: I c =

c 4 164
4
4
=
= 5461 in (227304 cm )
12 12

M un n hi b tng ct: E cc = 4.42x106 psi (311036 kg/cm2)

Chiu di ct: lc = 9 x12 = 108 in (2.74 m)

c. cng xon ca cc phn t xon, K t

Kt =

9E csC
l2 (1 c2 l2 )

x x3 y

= 3.45x106 lb/in (632740 kg/cm)

7 73 16
4
4
= 1325 in (55151 cm )
3

Trong : C = 1 0.63
= 1 0.63
y 3
16

c2 = 16 in v l2 = 14 12 = 168 in

Mt ct ngang ca phn t chu xon

d. cng tng ng ca ct, K ec
K ec =

K K = ( 2 1059 )( 2 345) = 520 10

K + K ( 2 1059 ) + ( 2 345)
c

lb/in

3. Tnh ton khung tng ng bng phn mm:

tnh ton bng phn mm th cng ca sn v ct phi nhn vi chiu di
tng ng ca sn v ct.
cng ca sn s l: K sb = K sbl1 = 331106 216 = 71496 106 lb/in
cng ca ct: K c = K clc = 520 106 108 = 56160 106 lb/in
Tng ti trng phn b u l: q = 0.193 14 = 2.702 kips/ft
Kt qu phn tch bng phn mm KCW2010V5 kt qu nh sau:

Nt

Phn t

-46.5

-84

-76.3

-76.3

-84

-46.5

ACI318-02 Gi
Nhp
KCW

Gi
Nhp

44.2
-45.9

33.1
-82.8

-75.3

45

44.2
-75.3

-82.8

34.1

-45.9
45

Phn phi m men n di ct v hai na di gia

V tr
Nhp bin

Nhp bin

Di ct

Hai na di gia

Gi bin

100

Nhp

60

17.7

Gi gia

75

16.7

Gi

75

15.2

Nhp

60

13.2

V d 2 (ACI318-02 20-2): Bn hai phng c dm phn tch bng phng php khung
tng ng.
Chiu cao tng: 12 ft (3.66 m)
Kch thc ct: 18x18 in (0.46x0.46 m)
Kch thc dm bin: 14x27 in (0.36x0.69 m)
Kch thc dm gia: 14x20 in (0.36x0.51 m)
Hot ti: 100 psf (488.7 kg/m2)
2

f c = 4000 psi (281.5 kg/cm ) cho tt c cc cu kin, b tng thng

2

f y = 60000 psi (4222 2 kg/cm )

Tnh ton v tho lun

1. La chn s b chiu dy sn:
Theo iu kin bin dng:
Chn sn c chiu dy 6 in (15.24 cm)
Theo iu kin chc thng (theo tiu chun Vit Nam):
2. Cc phn t ca khung tng ng
a. cng un ca sn dm ti hai u, K sb :
cN 1
c
16
18
=
= 0.0857 0.1 ; N 2 =
= 0.0682
l1 17.5x12
l2
22x12

Vi cN 1 = cF 1 v cN 2 = cF 2 , tra bng A1 ph lc 20A v ni suy: k NF = k FN = 4.11

cng ca sn l: K sb = k NF

Ec I sb
EI
25387E c
= 4.11 c sb = 4.11
= 497E c
l1
l1
17.5 12

Trong :
M men qun tnh ca sn-dm: I sb = 2.72

14 203
4
4
= 25387 in (1056687 cm )
12

b. cng ca phn t ct ti hai u, K c :

Ct gia:
Tham kho bng A7, ph lc 20A, ta = 17 in, tb = 3 in
H = 12x12=144 in (3.66 m); H c = 144-17-3=124 in (3.15 m); ta tb = 5.67 ; H H c = 1.16

Tm c k AB = 6.82 ; k BA = 4.99 bng ni suy

K ct =

6.82E c I c
4.99E c I c
= 414E c ; K cb =
= 303E c
lc
lc

Ct bin:
Tham kho bng A7, ph lc 20A, ta = 24 in, tb = 3 in

H = 12x12=144 in (3.66 m); H c = 144-24-3=117 in (2.97 m); ta tb = 8 ; H H c = 1.23

Tm c k AB = 8.57 ; k BA = 5.31 bng ni suy

K ct =

8.57E c I c
5.31E c I c
= 512E c ; K cb =
= 323E c
lc
lc

Trong :
M men qun tnh ca ct: I c =

c 4 184
4
4
=
= 8748 in (364119 cm )
12 12

M un n hi b tng ct: E cc = 4.42x106 psi (311036 kg/cm2)

Chiu di ct: lc = 12 12 = 144 in (3.66 m)
c. cng xon ca cc phn t xon, K t
Kt =

9E csC
l2 (1 c2 l2 )

= 3.45x106 lb/in (632740 kg/cm)

x x3 y

Trong : C = 1 0.63
y 3

c2 = 18 in v l2 = 22 12 = 264 in

i vi ct gia:
K t = 493E c

Trong : C c ly t gi tr ln nht trong hai ct trong bng sau:

Mt ct ngang ca phn t chu xon ti ct gia

i vi ct gia:
K t = 752E c

Trong : C c ly t gi tr ln nht trong hai ct trong bng sau:

Mt ct ngang ca phn t chu xon ti ct bin

d. Tng cng chng xon do dm song song
i vi ct gia:
K ta =

K t I sb 493E c 25387
=
= 2634E c
Is
4752

K ta =

K t I sb 752E c 25387
=
= 4017E c
Is
4752

i vi ct bin:

Trong : I sb = 2.72

14 203
4
4
= 25387 in (1056687 cm )
12

Is =

264 63
4
4
= 4752 in (197793 cm )
12

Phn t dm song song

d. cng tng ng ca ct, K ec

Ct gia:
K ec =

K K
K +K
c

ta

( 303E c + 414E c )( 2 2643E c ) = 631E

c
( 303E c + 414E c ) + ( 2 2643E c )

( 323E c + 521E c )( 2 4017E c ) = 764E

c
( 323E c + 521E c ) + ( 2 4017E c )

ta

Ct bin:
K ec =

K K
K +K
c

ta
ta

3. Tnh ton khung tng ng bng phn mm:

tnh ton bng phn mm th cng ca sn-dm v ct phi nhn vi chiu
di tng ng ca sn-dm v ct.
cng ca sn-dm: K sb = K sbl1 = 497 Ec 17.5 = 8697.5E c
cng ca ct gia: K c = K clc = 631E c 12 = 7572E c
cng ca ct bin: K c = K clc = 764E c 12 = 9168E c
Tng ti trng phn b u l: q = 0.261 22 = 5.742 kips/ft
Phn phi m men n di ct v hai na di gia
V tr
Nhp bin

Nhp gia

Di ct

Hai na di gia

Gi bin

75

25

Nhp

67

33

Gi gia

67

33

Gi

67

33

Nhp

67

33

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Title:
Tnh bn hai phng theo phng php khung tng tng
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