Pump FIT/LOT Weight Up Equivalent Circulating Density Surge and Swab

Well Control Formulas

Pump out (both duplex and triplex pump) Pump Pressure and Pump Stroke Relationship Formation Integrity Test (FIT) Leak Off Test (LOT) Increase mud weight by adding Barite Increase mud weight by adding Calcium Carbonate Increase mud weight by adding Hematite Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) Using Yield Point for MW less than or equal to 13 ppg Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) Using Yield Point for MW more than 13 ppg Calculate Equivalent Circulating Density with Engineering Formula Surge and Swab Pressure Method#1 Surge and Swab Pressure Method#2 Accumulator capacity Actual gas migration rate in a shut in well Adjusted maximum allowable shut-in casing pressure for new mud weight Calculate Influx Height Estimate gas migration rate with an empirical equation Estimate type of influx Final Circulating Pressure (FCP) Formation pressure from kick analysis Hydrostatic Pressure Loss Due to Gas Cut Mud Initial Circulating Pressure (ICP) Kick Tolerance (Surface Stack and Vertical Well) Kick tolerance factor (KTF) Kill Weight Mud (KWM) Maximum formation pressure (FP) Maximum influx height Maximum Initial Shut-In Casing Pressure (MISICP) Maximum pit gain from gas kick in water based mud

Riser Margin
Air Gap Water Depth Mud Weight Sea Water Weight Depth (TVD) Riser Margin 60 1,600 9.30 8.60 3,000 1.25 ft ft ppg ppg ft ppg Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page Ref

http://www.drillingformulas.com/riser-margin-one-o

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New Pump Pressure With New Strokes (psi) Current Pressure SPM 1 SPM 2 New Pump Pressure 1,600 70 110 3,951 psi strks. strks. psi Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

New Pressure Loss With New Mud (psi) Original Pressure Loss Mud Weight#1 Mud Weight#2 New Pressure Loss 1,400 11.50 12.50 1,522 psi ppg ppg psi Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

Initial Circulating Pressure (psi) SCR Pressure Kill Mud Weight Original Mud Weight FCP 450 12.00 10.00 540 psi ppg ppg psi

Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

Initial Circulating Pressure (psi) SCR Pressure SIDPP ICP 400 psi 500 psi 900 psi

Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

Kick Tolerance (Surface Stack and Vertical Well) Previous Casing Shoe MD/TVD 5,500 TD depth MD/TVD 9,500 Predicted Formation Pressure @ TD 12.0 Pore pressure uncertainty 0.5 Planned MW @ TD 12.0 Gas gradient 0.11 Leak Off Test at casing shoe 14.7 Hole size 12.3 Drill pipe size 5.0 Average BHA size 6.5 BHA length 850.0 Annular capacity between hole and BHA 0.1047 Annular capacity between hole and DP 0.1215 Maximum anticipated pressure 12.5 Maximum allowable shut in casing pressure 772.2 Kick intensity 0.50 Underbalance 247 Kick Height 1,021.79 1st case: Gas at the bottom 109.89 2nd case: Gas at the shoe 84.52 Kick Telerance 84.52 ft ft ppg ppg ppg psi/ft ppg inch inch inch ft bbl/ft bbl/ft ppg psi ppg psi ft bbl bbl bbl

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Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) Using Yield Point for MW more than 13 ppg Mud weight Reading at 300 Reading at 600 Hole ID Pipe OD Flow rate AV PV YP Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) 13.5 25 40 6.2 4 200 218.4 15.0 10 14.2 ppg Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

inch inch ppg ft/min CP ppg

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Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) Using Yield Point for MW less than 13 ppg Mud weight Reading at 300 Reading at 600 Hole ID Pipe OD YP Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) 9.2 25 40 6.2 4 10 9.7 ppg Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

inch inch CP ppg

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Pressure Drop Across a Bit Flow rate Mud Weight Total Flow Area Pressure Drop Across a Bit

800 9 0.3728 3446

gpm ppg in2 psi

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Surge and swab pressure method#2

300 600 Hole diameter Drillpipe diameter Drill collar diameter Average pipe running or pulling speed Drill Pipe Length Drill collar length Current Mud Weight Well TVD PV n K Fluid Velocity (Closed Ended Pipe) around drill pipe Maximum pipe velocity around drill pipe Shear rate of mud around drill pipe (Ym) Shear stress of mud around drill pipe (T) Fluid Velocity (Closed Ended Pipe) around drill collar Maximum pipe velocity around drill collar Equivalent flow rate around drill collar Pressure lose around drill pipe Pressure loss around drill collar Total Pressure Loss Surge: Bottom Hole Pressure Surge: Bottom Hole Pressure in ppg Swab: Bottom Hole Pressure Swab: Bottom Hole Pressure in ppg 85 130 9.000 5 6.25 250 12000 800 12.5 9000 45 0.613 1.863 224.1 336.2 201.7 48.1 345.4 518.0 886.8 480.5 71.8 552.2 6402.2 13.7 5297.8 11.3 inch inch inch ft/min ft ft ppg ft

ft/min ft/min

ft/min ft/min gpm psi psi psi psi ppg psi ppg

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Surge and swab pressure method#1

300 600 Hole diameter Drill Collar ID of drill collar Drillpipe diameter ID of drill pipe Average pipe running or pulling speed Drill Pipe Length Drill Collar Length Current Mud Weight Well TVD Select Criteria ---> n K Fluid volocity around drill pipe (Open ended pipe) Maximum pipe velocity around drill pipe Pressure Loss around drill pipe Fluid volocity around drill collar (Open ended pipe) Maximum pipe velocity around drill collar Pressure Loss around drill collar Total pressure loss Surge: Bottom Hole Pressure Surge: Bottom Hole Pressure in ppg Swab: Bottom Hole Pressure Swab: Bottom Hole Pressure in ppg 47 80 6.35 5 2.25 4 3.34 20 12270 100 13.2 9972 Open Ended Pipe 0.767 0.394 11.7 17.6 67.6 28.6 42.8 2.9 70.5 6915.3 13.3 6774.3 13.1

inch inch inch inch inch ft/min ft ft ppg ft

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ft/min ft/min psi ft/min ft/min psi psi psi ppg psi ppg

Maximum pit gain from gas kick in water based mud Expected formation pressure Pit volume gain Kill Weight Mud Annular Capacity Maximum pit gain 3620 20 14.5 0.1215 98.5 psi bbl ppg bbl/ft bbl

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Maximum Surface Pressure from Gas Influx in Water Based Mud Expected formation pressure Pit volume gain Kill Weight Mud Annular Capacity Maximum Surface Pressure 6378 25 13 0.0459 1344 psi bbl ppg bbl/ft psi

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Hydrostatic Pressure Loss Due to Gas Cut

Mud weight Annular Capacity Pit volume gain Hydrostatic Pressure Loss Due to Gas Cut 12 0.0352 15 266 ppg bbl/ft bbl ft

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Calculate Influx Height Pit volume gain Annular Capacity Influx height 12 bbl 0.0459 bbl/ft 261 ft

Input Cells Calculated Cell Back to the first page

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Kill Mud Weight Shut in Drillpipe Pressure Current Mud Weight Hole TVD Kill Mud Weight 500 9.5 9000 10.6 psi ppg ft ppg

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Acutal gas migration rate Increase in pressure Mud Weight Acutal gas migration rate 200 psi/hr 12 ppg 321 ft/hr

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Estimate gas migration rate with an empirical equation. Current Mud Weight Vg Vg 12 ppg 0.14 ft/sec 510 ft/hr

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Estimate Type of Influx (kick) Shut in casing pressure Shut in drill pipe pressure Height of influx Current Mud Weight Influx weight Type of influx 1050 750 450 14 1.2 Gas Influx psi psi ft ppg ppg

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Formation Pressure from Kick Analysis Shut in drill pipe pressure Hole TVD Current Mud Weight Formation Pressure 550 6000 10.2 3732 psi ft ppg psi

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Adjusted maximum allowable shut-in casing pressure for new mud weight Leak off test pressure Casing shoe TVD Original Mud Weight Current Mud Weight New MASICP 1000 4500 9.5 12 415 psi ft ppg ppg psi

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Maximum possible influx height when equal to maximum allowable shut in casing pressure Maximum Allowable Shut-In Casing Pressure (MASICP) Mud gradient Influx gradient Maximum possible influx height 874 0.52 0.12 2185 psi psi/ft psi/ft ft

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casing-pressure/

Maximum Initial Shut-In Casing Pressure (MISICP) Leak off test pressure Current mud weight Casing shoe depth Maximum allowable shut in casing pressure 15 12.2 4000 582.4 ppg ppg ft psi

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Maximum formation pressure that can wistand when shut in the well. Kick tolerance factor Mud weight Hole TVD Maximum formation pressure 1.68 10 10000 6,074 ppg ppg ft psi

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en-we-shut-the-well-in/

Maximum surface pressure from kick tolerance information Kick tolerance factor Bottom hole, TVD Maximum pressure 1.68 ppg 10000 ft 873.6 psi

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Kick tolerance factor (KTF) Casing shoe TVD Well depth TVD Maximum allowable mud weight Current mud weight Kick tolerance factor (KTF) 4000 10000 14.2 10 1.68 ft ft ppg ppg ppg

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Trip margin calculation Mud Yield Point Hole Diameter Drillpipe Diameter Trip Margin 10 8.5 4.5 0.2 lb/100 sq ft in in ppg

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Increase Mud Density by adding Current Mud Weight, ppg New Mud Weight, ppg Total mud in the system Sacks of Barite per 100 bbl of mud Total sacks of barite required

Hematite
10.0 13.0 500.0 186.7 933.3 ppg ppg bbl sacks sacks

Volume of mud in bbl increase due to mud weight increase by adding Current Mud Weight, ppg New Mud Weight, ppg Total mud in the system Volume in bbl increase per 100 bbl of mud Total volume increase in bbl 10.0 13.0 500.0 11.11 55.56

Hematite
ppg ppg bbl bbl bbl

Starting volume in bbl of original mud weight required to achieve a predetermined final volume of desired mud weight Current Mud Weight in ppg New Mud Weight in ppg Final volume in bbl Starting volume in bbl 10.0 13.0 100.0 90.00 ppg ppg bbl bbl

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nal volume of desired mud weight with

Hematite

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Increase Mud Density by adding Current Mud Weight, ppg New Mud Weight, ppg Total mud in the system Sacks of Barite per 100 bbl of mud Total sacks of barite required

Carbonate
10.0 13.0 500.0 298 1492 ppg ppg bbl sacks sacks

Volume of mud in bbl increase due to mud weight increase by adding Current Mud Weight, ppg New Mud Weight, ppg Total mud in the system Volume in bbl increase per 100 bbl of mud Total volume increase in bbl 10.0 13.0 500.0 31.58 157.89

Carbonate
ppg ppg bbl bbl bbl

Starting volume in bbl of original mud weight required to achieve a predetermined final volume of desired mud weight Current Mud Weight in ppg New Mud Weight in ppg Final volume in bbl Starting volume in bbl 10.0 13.0 100.0 76.00 ppg ppg bbl bbl

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nal volume of desired mud weight with

Carbonate

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Increase Mud Density by adding Barite Current Mud Weight, ppg New Mud Weight, ppg Total mud in the system Sacks of Barite per 100 bbl of mud Total sacks of barite required 10.1 11.1 1000.0 61.5 615.1 ppg ppg bbl sacks sacks

Volume of mud in bbl increase due to mud weight increase by adding Current Mud Weight, ppg New Mud Weight, ppg Total mud in the system Volume in bbl increase per 100 bbl of mud Total volume increase in bbl 9.2 10.1 650.0 3.61 23.49

Barite
ppg ppg bbl bbl bbl

Starting volume in bbl of original mud weight required to achieve a predetermined final volume of desired mud weight Current Mud Weight in ppg New Mud Weight in ppg Final volume in bbl Starting volume in bbl 10.0 13.0 100.0 88.00 ppg ppg bbl bbl

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nal volume of desired mud weight with

Barite

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Displacment of plain pipe such as casing, tubing, etc. OD ID Displacment in bbl/ft 9.625 inch 8.835 inch 0.01417 bbl/ft

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Accumulator Capacity Suface Application Volume per bottle Pre-charge pressure Minimum System Pressure Operating Pressure Usable Volume per bottle

10 1000 1200 3000 5.00

gal psi psi psi gal

Subsea Application Volume per bottle Pre-charge pressure Minimum System Pressure Operating Pressure Pressure gradient of hydraulic fluid Water depth Usable Volume per bottle

10 1000 1200 3000 0.445 1500 4.38

gal psi psi psi psi/ft ft gal

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Calculate inner capacity of open hole, inside cylindrical objects such as tubulars, drill pipe, drill collars, tubing, casing Calculate capacity in bbl/ft Hole size, Casing ID, Tubing ID, etc Capacity in bbl/ft Calculate capacity in ft/bbl Hole size, Casing ID, Tubing ID, etc Capacity in ft/bbl Calculate capacity in gal/ft Hole size, Casing ID, Tubing ID, etc Capacity in gal/ft Calculate capacity in ft/gal Hole size, Casing ID, Tubing ID, etc Capacity in ft/gal

6.125 0.0364

6.125 27.4392

6.125 1.5306

6.125 0.6533

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Annular capacity between casing or hole and drill pipe, tubing, or casing.
Calculate annular capacity in bbl/ft Hole size, casing ID in inch Drill pipe size, DC size or casing/tubing OD Annular capacity, bbl/ft Calculate annular capacity in ft/bbl Hole size, casing ID in inch Drill pipe size, DC size or casing/tubing OD Annular capacity, ft/bbl Calculate annular capacity in gal/ft Hole size, casing ID in inch Drill pipe size, DC size or casing/tubing OD Annular capacity, gal/ft Calculate annular capacity in ft/gal Hole size, casing ID in inch Drill pipe size, DC size or casing/tubing OD Annular capacity, ft/gal 8.5 5 0.04590

6.125 3.5 40.743

6.125 3.5 1.031

6.125 3.5 0.970

bing, or casing.
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Pump Pressure and Pump Stroke Relationship Basic Calculation Current Circulating Pressure, psi Old Pump Rate, SPM New Pump Rate, SPM New Circulating Pressure, psi Advanced calculation (Determine factor) Pressure 1, psi Flow rate1, gpm Pressure 2, psi Flow rate2, gpm Factor Current Circulating Pressure, psi Old Pump Rate, SPM New Pump Rate, SPM New Circulating Pressure, psi 2700 320 500 130 1.872 2500 40 25 1037.0 2500 40 25 976.6

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Calculate Equivalent Circulating Density with Engineering Formula Mud weight Reading at 300 Reading at 600 PV Pump rate, gpm Hole diameter, in Drill pipe OD, in Drill pipe length, ft Drill collar OD, in Drill collar length, ft TVD, ft n K Annular velocity around DP, ft/min Critical velocity around DP, ft/min Annular velocity around DC, ft/min Critical velocity around DC, ft/min Pressure loss around DP Pressure loss around DC Total annular pressure loss ECD at 10000' TVD in ppg 13.2 47 80 33 165 6.35 4 12276 5 100 10000 0.767 0.394 166.2 Lamina Flow 327.9 263.8 Lamina Flow 462.9 378.5 8.2 386.7

13.94

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ering-equations/

Leak Off Test Pressure Converted to Equivalent Mud Weight (LOT)

LOT pressure (psi) Mud Weight (ppg) Shoe Depth (TVD) LOT equivalent mud weight 1600 9.2 4000 16.9 psi ppg ft ppg

Mud Weight (LOT)

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Pressure Required Formation Integrity Test (FIT)

FIT required (ppg) Mud Weight (ppg) Shoe Depth (TVD) Pressure required (psi) 14.5 ppg 9.2 ppg 4000 ft 1102.4

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Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD), ppg

Annular pressure loss(psi) Mud weight (ppg) TVD (ft) ECD 400 10 8000 11.0 psi ppg ft PPG

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Specific Gravity (SG)

Specific gravity using mud weight, ppg
Mud weight (ppg) SG Pressure gradient (psi/ft) SG Mud weight (lb/ft3) SG SG MW (ppg) SG Pressure Gradient (psi/ft) SG Mud weight (lb/ft3) 13 ppg 1.56 0.50 psi/ft 1.15 90.00 lb/ft3 1.44 1.50 12.50 ppg 1.50 0.650 psi/ft 1.50 93.600 lb/ft3

Specific gravity using pressure gradient, psi/ft Specific gravity using mud weight, lb/ft3 Convert specific gravity to mud weight, ppg Convert specific gravity to pressure gradient, psi/ft Convert specific gravity to mud weight, lb/ft3

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e-gradient-psift/

Converting Pressure into Mud Weight

Convert pressure, psi, into mud weight, ppg using feet as the unit of measure
Pressure (psi) TVD (ft) MW (ppg) Pressure (psi) TVD (m) MW (ppg) 5000 psi 8000 ft 12.0 PPG 5000 psi 2500 m 11.7 PPG

Convert pressure, psi, into mud weight, ppg using meters as the unit of measure

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Barrels of slug required for a desired length of dry pipe Desired length of dry pipe (ft) Drill pipe capacity (bbl/ft) Current MW (PPG) Slug Weight (PPG) Hydrostatic pressure required to give desired drop inside drill pipe Difference in pressure gradient bw slug and current MW Length of slug in drill pipe (ft) Slug Volume 400 0.015 11.5 12.5 239.2 0.052 4600 69.00 ft bbl/ft ppg ppg psi psi/ft ft bbl

Weight of slug required for a desired length of dry pipe with a set volume of slug Desired length of dry pipe (ft) Slug Volume (bbl) Drill pipe capacity (bbl/ft) Current MW (PPG) Slug length (ft) Hydrostatic Pressure required (psi) Weight of slug (PPG) 400 30 0.015 11.5 ft bbl bbl/ft ppg

2000.0 ft 239.2 psi 13.8 ppg

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pe-with-set-volume-of-slug/

Hydrostatic Pressure (HP)

Hydrostatic pressure using ppg and feet as the units of measure
Mud weight TVD (ft) Hydrostatic Pressure (psi) Pressure gradient (psi/ft) TVD (ft) Hydrostatic Pressure (psi) Mud weight (lb/ft3) TVD (ft) Hydrostatic Pressure (psi) Mud weight TVD (m) Hydrostatic Pressure (psi) 12 ppg 10000 ft 6240.0 psi 0.5 psi/ft 10000 ft 5000.0 psi 80 lb/ft3 10000 ft 5555.2 psi 12 ppg 5000 m 10236.7 psi

Hydrostatic pressure, psi, using pressure gradient, psi/ft

Hydrostatic pressure, psi, using mud weight, lb/ft3

Hydrostatic pressure, psi, using meters as unit of depth

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Annular Velocity (AV) in ft/min

Formula 1: AV = pump output, bbl/min annular capacity, bbl/ft Pump out put (bbl/min) 10 bbl/min Annular capacity (bbl/ft) 0.13 bbl/ft Annular Velocity (AV) 76.92 ft/min Formula 2: Flow rate in gpm and diameter between 2 diameters Flow rate (gpm) 800 gpm Bigger diameter (in) 10 in such as hole size, casing ID, etc Smaller diameter (in) 5 in such as drill pipe OD, tubing OD, etc Annular Velocity (AV) 261.33 ft/min Formula 3: flow rate in bbl/min and diameter Flow rate (bbl/min) 13 bbl/min Bigger diameter (in) 10 in such as hole size, casing ID, etc Smaller diameter (in) 5 in such as drill pipe OD, tubing OD, etc Annular Velocity (AV) 178.43 ft/min

Annular velocity (AV), ft/sec

Formula 1: Flow rate in bbl/min and diameter between 2 diameters Flow rate (bbl/min) 13 bbl/min Bigger diameter (in) 10 in Smaller diameter (in) 5 in Annular Velocity (AV) 2.97 ft/sec Pump output in gpm required for a desired annular velocity, ft/mim Annular Velocity (ft/min) 120 ft/min Bigger diameter (in) 10 in Smaller diameter (in) 5 in Required pump rate (gpm) 367.35 gpm Strokes per minute (SPM) required for a given annular velocity Annular Velocity (ft/min) 150 ft/min Bigger diameter (in) 10 in Smaller diameter (in) 5 in Pump out put (bbl/stk) 0.1 bbl/stk SPM required 109.29 spm

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Pump out
Triplex Pump, bbl/stk
efficiency (%) Liner diameter (in) Stroke length (in) PO (bbl/stk) 97 6 in 12 in 0.10183 bbl/stk

Duplex Pump , bbl/stk

efficiency (%) Liner diameter (in) Rod diameter (in) Stroke length (in) PO (bbl/stk) 85 6 2 12 0.11236 in in in bbl/stk

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Reference http://www.drillingformulas.com/pump-output-calculation-for-duplex-pump-and-triplex-pump/ Website http://www.drillingformulas.com/

Pressure Gradient Calculation

Pressure gradient, psi/ft, using mud weight, ppg
MW (ppg) Pressure gradient (psi/ft) MW (lb/ft3) Pressure gradient (psi/ft) MW sg Pressure gradient (psi/ft) Pressure gradient (psi/ft) MW (ppg) Pressure gradient (psi/ft) MW (ppg) Pressure gradient (psi/ft) Specific Gravity 9 PPG 0.468 psi/ft 80 lb/ft3 0.556 psi/ft 2 0.866 psi/ft 0.5 psi/ft 9.62 PPG 0.5 psi/ft 72.00 lb/ft3 0.5 psi/ft 1.155

Pressure gradient, psi/ft, using mud weight, lb/ft3 Pressure gradient, psi/ft, using mud weight, specific gravity (SG) Convert pressure gradient, psi/ft, to mud weight, ppg Convert pressure gradient, psi/ft, to mud weight, lb/ft3 Convert pressure gradient, psi/ft, to mud weight specific gravity (SG)

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Accumulator Pre-charge Pressure P start P final Volume removed Volume total Average pre charge pressure 3000 2000 25 200 750

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How many feet of drill pipe pulled to lose certain amount of hydrostatic pressure (psi) when pull dry.
Hydrostatic pressure to lose Casing capacity Pipe displacement Mud weight Feet of drill pipe pulled 200 0.0873 0.01876 12 1171 psi bbl/ft bbl/ft PPG ft

How many feet of drill pipe pulled to lose certain amount of hydrostatic pressure (psi) when pull wet.
% of volume in drill pipe out of hole Hydrostatic pressure to lose Pipe displacement Pipe capacity Casing capacity Mud Weight Feet of drill pipe pulled 100 200 0.0055 0.01876 0.0873 12 833 % psi bbl/ft bbl/ft bbl/ft PPG ft

ain amount of hydrostatic pressure (psi) when pull dry.

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ain amount of hydrostatic pressure (psi) when pull wet.

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Hydrostatic Pressure (HP) Decrease When POOH

When pulling DRY pipe
Stands pulled Length per stand Pipe displacement Casing capacity Mud Weight BBL displace HP decrease (psi) 10 91 0.0055 0.0873 12 5.01 38.18 stands ft bbl/ft bbl/ft PPG bbl psi

When pulling WET pipe

% of volume in drill pipe out of hole Stands pulled Length per stand Pipe displacement Pipe capacity Casing capacity Mud Weight BBL displace HP decrease (psi) 100 10 91 0.0055 0.01876 0.0873 12.0 22.08 218.52

stands ft bbl/ft bbl/ft bbl/ft PPG bbl Psi

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