SAE Standards

(Society of Automotive Engineers )

Muhammad Asad A. Bajwa
Director, EMC Lab
MET Laboratories, Inc.
www.METLabs.com
410.354.3300
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August 27, 2012
Outline
Introduction to North American Automotive EMC
requirements.
Comparison with EU e-mark and E-mark regulations
SAE Standards
SAE Standards & Test Methods
EMC Laboratory Recognition Program(s)
Brief Discussion EMC Test requirements
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Introduction
Automotive EMC is quite different
Different Threat Levels
Different impedance of the Vehicle Occupants
EMC Regulations vary from one manufacturer
to other.


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Automotive EMC Tests Description
Automotive electronics are exposed to other environmental
conditions than consumer or industrial electronics:
Many components are mounted on limited space
Electronics are placed closely to antennas
Impedance of a vehicle supply system
Interferences on the supply system
Components are mounted on a metal chassis
Small devices with long wiring harnesses
EMC test methods have to consider the special characteristics of
a car.
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Requirements
Requirements by Law
US, exempt per FCC rules
But some states or GOVT organizations may
have their own requirements
EU, Automotive Directive, e/E mark.
Requirements by Vehicle Manufacturers
See a brief list in following slides

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August 27, 2012
Requirements for Vehicle and Components
For European Union members:
Directive 72/245/EEC with amendment 2004/104/EC and
2009/19/EC by EU
For International and European:
ECE Regulation No. 10 Rev. 3 (ECER10.04) by United Nation
(UN)
Unites States
EMC Laboratory Recognition Programs
Comparison with OEM requirements
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August 27, 2012
E/e-Mark
To show compliance to
Automotive Directive and
Regulations in Europe and
most of International
community.
For whole vehicles and every
components intended to be
part of vehicle
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August 27, 2012
International Standards
Issuing Bodies Applicability
Standard Body Vehicle ESA
95/54/EC
EC
Yes Yes
95/56/EC No Yes
97/24/EC Yes Yes
2000/2/EC Yes Yes
2002/24/EC Yes Yes
2003/77/EC Yes Yes
2004/104/EC Yes Yes
ISO 7637
ISO
No Yes
ISO 10605 Yes Yes
ISO 11451 Yes No
ISO 11452 No Yes
CISPR-12
IEC
Yes Yes
CISPR-25 Yes Yes
SAE J551
SAE
Yes No
SAE J1113 No Yes


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August 27, 2012
ISO Standards
Standard Title Part Vehicle ESA
ISO 7637
Road vehicles -- Electrical disturbances from conduction
and coupling
ALL
N Y
Definitions and general considerations 1
Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only 2
TBA 3
ISO 7637
Passenger car and light commercial vehicles with nominal 12V
supply voltage electrical transient conduction along supply
lines only.
1
N Y
Commercial vehicles with nominal 24V supply voltage
electrical transient conduction along supply lines only.
2
Vehicles with nominal 12V and 24V supply voltage electrical
transient transmission by capacitive and inductive coupling via
lines other than supply lines.
3

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Automotive OEM EMC Standards
BMW
Chrysler
Ford
GM
Lotus
PSA
Renault
MG-Rover
Nissan
Volkswagen
Porsche
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Chrysler

Doc. Ref. Title Rev. Date Vehicle ESA
DC 10613 Vehicles EMC - - Y N
DC 10614 Components EMC - - N Y
DC 10615 Components Electric - - N Y

Doc. Ref. Title Rev. Date Vehicle ESA
EMC-CS-2009.1
Ford Motor Company Electronic Component
EMC Requirements & Test Procedures.
1 2/11/2010 N Y
Ford
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General Motors

Doc. Ref. Title Date Rev Vehicle ESA
GMW3097
General Specification for Electrical/Electronic
Components and Subsystems; Electromagnetic
Compatibility: Requirement Part
4/01/12 8 N Y
GMW3091
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR VEHICLES,
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
4/01/12 9 N Y
GMW3103
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR
ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND
SUBSYSTEMS, ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
GLOBAL EMC COMPONENT/ SUBSYSTEM
VALIDATION ACCEPTANCE PROCESS **USE WITH
GMW CG3044**
4/01/12 7 N Y

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August 27, 2012
SAE, International
Society of Automotive Engineers
More than 84,000 members
Engineering of mobility systems
Develop technical information on all forms of self-propelled
vehicles
Including automobiles, trucks and buses, off-highway
equipment, aircraft, aerospace vehicles, marine, rail, and
transit systems.
ANSI has delegated the standards-writing activity to the
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
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SAE J551

Standard
Title Part Vehicle ESA
SAE J551
Performance levels and methods of measurement of
electromagnetic compatibility of vehicles, boats (up to 15m)
and machines (50Hz to 18GHz)
1
Y N
Test limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of vehicles, motorboats and
spark-ignited engine-driven devices
2
Test limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of vehicles and devices,
broadband and narrowband, 150kHz to 1000MHz
4
Performance levels and methods of measurement of
magnetic and electric field strength from electric vehicles,
broadband, 9kHz to 30MHz
5
Vehicle electromagnetic immunity- off-vehicle source 11
Vehicle electromagnetic immunity- on-board transmitter
simulation
12
Vehicle electromagnetic immunity- bulk current injection 13
Vehicle electromagnetic immunity- electrostatic discharge
(ESD)
15
Vehicle electromagnetic immunity- power line magnetic
fields
17
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SAE J1113
Standard Title Part Veh. ESA
SAE J1113
Electromagnetic compatibility measurement procedures and limits for vehicle components
(except aircraft) (50Hz to 18GHz)
1
N Y
Electromagnetic compatibility measurement procedures and limits for vehicle components
(except aircraft) conducted immunity, 30Hz to 250kHz- all leads
2
Conducted immunity, 250kHz to 500MHz, direct injection of radio frequency (RF) power 3
Immunity to radiated electromagnetic fields - bulk current injection (BCI) method 4
Immunity to conducted transients on power leads 11
Electrical interference by conduction and coupling - coupling clamp 12
Immunity to electrostatic discharge 13
Immunity to electromagnetic fields, 10kHz to 18GHz, absorber-lined chamber 21
Immunity to radiated magnetic fields 22
Immunity to radiated electromagnetic fields, 10kHz to 200MHz Crawford TEM cell and 10kHz to
5GHZ wideband TEM cell
24
Immunity to radiated electromagnetic fields, 10kHz to 500MHz - tri-plate line method 25
Immunity to AC power line electric fields 26
Immunity to radiated electromagnetic fields - reverberation method 27
Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of components and
modules for the protection of receivers used on board vehicles
41
Conducted transient emissions 42

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SAE J1455, 2011
Superseding J 1455 J AN06
Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice
J OINT SAE/TMC RECOMMENDED
ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES FOR ELECTRONIC
EQUIPMENT DESIGN (HEAVY-DUTY TRUCKS)
This information is applicable to diesel power
trucks in Classes 6, 7, and 8.

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August 27, 2012
SAE Standards for Component
Testing
SAE J1113/1 (Electromagnetic Compatibility
Measurement Procedures and Limits for Components of
Vehicles, Boats (up to 15 m), and Machines (Except Aircraft)
(16.6 Hz to 18 GHz))
It covers the following:
Voltage transient Immunity
AF and RF Immunity
Conducted Emissions
Radiated emissions
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Recommended Test for EU
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Recommended Test for North
America
SAE J1455, very commonly requested
Other commonly requested Tests
Transient Emissions
Conducted Emissions
Radiated emissions
AF and RF Immunity
Transient Immunity
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REE Setup
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Radiated Emissions
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Radiated Emissions
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Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
Electrostatic charge stored by the human body and
then discharged through an arc into a component may
cause operating anomalies.
HandlingDischarging a 150 PF capacitor that has
been charged to a potential of 15 kV through a 150 W
resistor is adequate to simulate this effect at the
terminals or other areas subject to handling (See
J1211).
In Vehicle For applicable definition, test methodology
and test levels refer to SAE J1113/13.
1) In a vehicle there are static electrifications up to
25 kV!

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Conducted Transients
Conducted Transient Emissions
Also modern vehicles contain quite a lot of inductive and DC motor loads.
When switching off such loads this results in transient over-voltages.
Transient over-voltages can influence other electronics in the
neighborhood and they even can destroy them. Given that, the generation
of transient over-voltages has to be reduced to a compatible degree. The
keeping of that requirements is tested in a laboratory.
Conducted Transient Immunity
When switching off inductive or DC motor loads this results in transient
over-voltages. Such pulses are described e.g.. in ISO 7637 part 1 (pulse 1
to 3). So, automotive electronics should also have a sufficient immunity
against such transient pulses. The keeping of that requirements is tested
in a laboratory.

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August 27, 2012
Load Dump

If a high current load (e.g. an empty battery) is
disconnected while the engine is running, the magnetic
energy stored in the generator is released as an
high-energy and low-impedance over-voltage.
This over-voltage is called load dump.



The load dump is potentially destructive for electronic
components. So, automotive electronics should own a
certain immunity to such over-voltages

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di
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Load Dump
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