CHEM 1123 Solutions to Unit 2 Sample Problems Dr.

Steve Shore

1. 2. 3. 4.

No, H is a nonmetal despite being in Group 1A. V _metal______ As _metalloid_____ Ne _nonmetal___ H _nonmetal____

V _T__ Ar _R__ Si _R__ Ag _T__ Sm _L__ Pu _A__ Br __halogen_____ Xe __noble gas____ Cs _alkali metal__________ Cl _halogen__________

N __none of these__ Ba _alkaline earth metal_____ 5. Metals: are shiny (or have luster), are ductile, are malleable, are good conductors of heat and electricity. (Most have high melting points.) Nonmetals: are not lustrous, not ductile, not malleable (the solid nonmetals are brittle; many are gases at room temperature). They are poor conductors of heat and electricity (they are insulators). 6. Fe: Function: involved in oxygen transport (part of hemoglobin); cofactor in many enzymes. Source: red meat, fortified cereal, green leafy vegetables. Zn: Function: Cofactor in many enzymes involved in energy production and DNA replication. Source: oysters, crab, beef, organ meat, whole grains Mn: Function: Cofactor in enzymes involved in fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Source: Whole grains, wheat germ, legumes, pineapple, figs

7. Symbol Atomic number 31 # of protons # of neutrons Mass number # of electrons 31

31

40

71

44

44

59

103

44

41

41

52

93

41

8.

Strontium has 2 valence electrons (Group 2A). Electron-dot symbol:

Arsenic has 5 valence electrons (Group 5A). Electron-dot symbol:

Bromine has 7 valence electrons (Group 7A). Electron-dot symbol: 9. a. b. c. d. e. O2- = oxide ion P3- = phosphide ion K+ = potassium ion Zn2+ = zinc ion Cu2+ = copper(II) ion

10. 11.

Al = 1, H = 3, S = 3, O = 12 a. b. c. d. Na3P = sodium phosphide Li2S = lithium sulfide Fe2S3 = iron(III) sulfide Cu2O = copper(I) oxide

12.

a. chromium(II) sulfide b. chromium(III) nitrate c. calcium sulfite d. Sr3N2 e. Fe(ClO3)3 f. sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate g. carbon disulfide (covalent compound use prefixes) h. CCl4 (covalent compound use prefixes) i. SBr6 (covalent compound use prefixes) j. dinitrogen pentoxide (covalent compound use prefixes)

13.

14.

a. + I-Cl b. + H-O c. + C-F d. Mg-Cl a. 4 sig. figs.

difference = 3.16 2.66 = 0.5 big enough difference to be a polar bond difference = 3.44 2.20 = 1.24 definitely polar difference = 3.98 2.55 = 1.43 definitely polar difference = 3.16 1.31 = 1.85 ionic (full charges likely rather than ) b. 2 sig. figs. c. 4 sig. figs.

15. 16.

a. 100 cm = 1 m or 1 cm = 0.01 m b. 10 dm = 1 m or 1 dm = 0.1 m c. 1000 mL = 1 L or 1 mL = 0.001 L a. b. c. d.

17.

18. (Note: 4 doses would be an exact number it would not affect the number of sig. figs. in the answer. You are limited by the 5.0 mL measured volume. The decimal after the zero in 80 indicates the zero counts as a sig. fig.)