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Civics Grade 8
Module 1
10
Learning Outcomes
Study Time
F outline the rights provided in the constitution of Zambia F discuss Human Rights obligations F outline the institutions and organisations that promote and F Protect human rights F explain the limitations to Human Rights F discuss forms of Human Rights violations F
The sections in this unit should take at least 2 to 2 hours. You might even finish in two hours. If you take more time than this, don't worry. What is important is to finish all the sections and do all the activities.
By the end of this unit, you should be able to: define human rights
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Civics Grade 8
Module 1
Key Ideas
Fundamental: Means serious and very important Obligation: these are duties that one is supposed to perform. Conscience: The ability to think what is right or wrong that determines a person's behaviour.
? Right to Life; ? Right to be protected from torture; ? Right to liberty; ? Right not to be held as a slave or forced to work;
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Civics Grade 8 ? Freedom of conscience and religion; ? Freedom of expression and opinion; ? Right to move from one place to another; ? Right to nationality; ? Right to own property;
Module 1
? Right to quick and fair trial. For example, a person detained for over
48 hours without trial can ask the court of law to be tried or to be released if there is no case against her or him. This is known as a Writ of Habeas Corpus and;
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Civics Grade 8
Module 1
Now that you know what a right is and the rights provided and protected by the constitution of Zambia, complete the following activity.
!Activity 1
Answer the questions below.
1. What is a right?
Well done if you every thing correct. If you did not, do not be discouraged, all you need to do is to go through the section again. You will find answer at the end of this unit and compare them with yours.
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Key Ideas
Discrimination : Unfair and unjust treatment. Corporal punishment: Beating a child with a stick for committing an offence. Mentally retarded: Mentally disabled people or slow learners. Values: values are beliefs that guide peoples' actions, choices and behaviour. Customs: These are ideas, beliefs, attitudes, cultural values that guide the behaviour of people in a particular community. Environment: Environment means all the surrounding conditions which influence growth and development.
? Lack of employment due to insufficient resources. ? Sex discrimination on jobs, credit and loan facilities. ? Long working hours without rest. ? Segregation on property ownership and issuing of land. ? Poor and unbearable prisoners' conditions on:
- period of stay without trial,
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- torture, - food, - clothing, - accommodation, - labour
Module 1
What should the Government do to make people stop violating human rights? Write your answers in the space below:.......................................... ...........................................................................................................................
You might have written that the Government should educate and sensitise people on human rights.
There are institutions that promote and protect human rights in Zambia such as:
? Permanent Human Rights Commission (PHRC). ? Judiciary. ? Amnesty International. ? Inter-African Network for Human Rights and Development
(AFRONET).
? Law Association of Zambia (LAZ). ? Zambia Civic Education Association (ZCEA). ? Women in Law and Development in Africa (WILDAF). ? Young Women Christians Association (YWCA).
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Now that you know what violation of human rights is, complete the following activity.
!Activity 2
Answer the questions below.
1. What is violation of human rights?
You will find the answers at the end of this unit. Compare them with yours.
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Civics Grade 8
Module 1
Unit Summary
In this unit, you learnt that a right is a lawful benefit or claim you except from the community. These rights are outlined in the constitution of Zambia and they are known as Fundamental Human Rights. Human rights are rights that every human being should enjoy. Some of these rights are right to life, right to liberty, freedom of expression and opinions and right to a nationality. Every citizen has an obligation to observe, respect and promote these rights. However, Human rights can be violated, if they are not observed, respected and promoted. Violation of Human Rights is a very serious offence. If one is found guilty by the court of law for violating human rights, s/he may be charged and punished by the court of law. Child abuse, child labour, corporal punishment and separation of a child from his or her parents are some of the examples of violation of human rights. You also learnt that there are institutions that promote and respect human rights in Zambia such as the Permanent Human Rights Commission (PHRC), Judiciary, Amnesty International, AFRONET, Law Association of Zambia and Zambia Civic Education Association (ZCEA). I hope you enjoyed studying this unit and that you did all activities successfully. If you were unable to achieve the learning objectives, you may go through the sections again.
Activity 2
1. Violation of human rights means not respecting and observing people's rights.
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2. Women's rights Childrens'rights Mentally retarded's rights Prisoners' rights
Module 1
Glossary
Conscience: Knowing what is right or wrong, especially in your own actions. Beating with a stick for committing an offence. Unfair and unjust treatment. This means very important Mentally disabled people or slow learners. These are duties that one has to perform.
Corporal Punishment:
Obligation:
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