1I:Parallelograms

I can use coordinate geometry and properties of parallel lines cut by transversals to prove theorems and properties about parallelograms including that opposite sides are congruent, opposite angles are congruent, the diagonals bisect each other, and that rectangles are parallelograms with congruent diagonals.

Parawhat? Parahow?
Parallelogram! Ok, when will I ever see this in real life?
(I thought this was real lifebut here comes an outside of class example!)

Railings of a staircase are parallel to the slope of the stairs. Any ramp with a rail will have parallelogram structures.

Investigate

I. Parallelograms
A. If a quadrilateral has both sets of opposite sides parallel and congruent, then it is a parallelogram.

What does it mean if two lines are parallel?

I. Parallelograms
B. If a quadrilateral has two diagonals that bisect each other, then it is a parallelogram.
A B

Deep Understanding: Given angle <DAB and <CBA, how can you use your knowledge of constructions to prove a quadrilateral is a parallelogram?

I. Parallelograms
C. If a quadrilateral has both pairs of opposite angles that are congruent, then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram. A
B

Deep Understanding: How can you use your knowledge of parallel lines cut by a transversal to prove that opposite angles are congruent?

I. Parallelograms
D. If an angle of a quadrilateral is supplementary to both of its consecutive angles, then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.

mS + mP = 180 and mS + mR = 180

Fluency Practice

Practice I Do

Practice We Do

Practice You Do

II. Coordinate Geometry and Parallelograms

A. Reoccurring Vocabulary: Distance Formula Slope Formula B. When a figure is in the coordinate plane, you can use distance formula to prove that the sides are congruent and you can use slope formula to prove the sides are parallel.

Practice I Do
Show that A(2, -1), B(1, 3), C(6, 5) and D(7,1) are the vertices of a parallelogram.
6

C(6, 5)
4

B(1, 3)
2

D(7, 1)
5 10 15

A(2, -1)
-2

-4

Practice I Do
Step 1Show that opposite sides have the same slope, so they are parallel. Slope of AB. Slope of CD. Slope of BC.
15=-4 76 3-(-1) = - 4 1-2
6

C(6, 5)
4

B(1, 3)
2

Slope of DA.

53=2 6 -1 5

D(7, 1)
5 10

AB and CD have the same slope, so they are parallel. Similarly, BC DA.

-11=2 2- 7 5

A(2, -1)
-2

-4

Practice I Do
Step 2Show that opposite sides have the same length.
AB=(1 2)2 + [3 (- 1)2] = 17 CD=(7 6)2 + (1 - 5)2 = 17 BC=(6 1)2 + (5 - 3)2 = 29 DA= (2 7)2 + (-1 - 1)2 = 29 AB CD and BC DA. Because both pairs of opposites sides are congruent, ABCD is a parallelogram.
6

C(6, 5)
4

B(1, 3)
2

D(7, 1)
5

A(2, -1)
-2

-4

Practice I Do
Show that one pair of opposite sides is congruent and parallel. Slope of AB = Slope of CD = -4 AB=CD = 17 AB and CD are congruent and parallel, so ABCD is a parallelogram.
-2 6

C(6, 5)
4

B(1, 3)
2

D(7, 1)
5 10

A(2, -1)

-4

Think
TPS: We just proved that both pairs of opposite sides of the quadrilateral are parallel and congruent. Therefore this is a parallelogram. Which property can we apply to help us cut this process down?

You Do:
Given the following coordinates, is this quadrilateral a parallelogram?