Borderline personality disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity Disorder and narcissistic personality disorder: Practical differential

diagnosis. Volume 77, No.1 (winter 2013) Pgs. 1-22 Stephanny Ramos Psy-123 MW. The researchers for my psychology journal, Borderline personality disorder, bipolar Disorder, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and narcissistic personality disorder: Practical differential diagnosis. Where Dr.Kernberg (Otto F.Kernberg,MD) and Dr. Yeomans (Frank e. Yeomans, MD). Dr.Kernberg is a very active member of society he Works for The Personality Disorder Institute in The New York Presbyterian Hospital but he Is also a professor for psychiatry, while still having time to be a very active member at Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research. Dr.Yeomans is an a Associate professor of Psychiatry at the Weill Medical College of Cornell University he also Works side by side Dr.Kernberg as a Director or training at the Personality Disorders Institute At the New York Prebyterian Hospital. When they began their research for the study of more Practical differential diagnosis What they wanted to focus on was helping other clinicians who had very limited time to Diagnose their patients they were hoping their research journal would make it easier for other Clinicians to differentiate disorders and give them a smother capacity all while lowering the Amount of patients who are wrongly diagnosed each years they are hoping their article will Give those clinicians a better method to diagnose by helping them consider not only their Symptoms but also help gain an understanding of the patients own self-worth and as to who they Are.

To support their theory Dr.Kernberg and Dr.Yeomans used a male patient who for Confidential purposes will be known as C, C is a 31 years old male who race was undisclosed. He relies on his parents for financial assistance. C for years had been misdiagnosed with having Refectory depression, C had tried to commit suicide when he was 16 by trying to Overdose. Over Their sessions C would continue to point out he had been depressed his whole life and had gone To other therapy sessions before with no improvement what so ever, he also went on to recount Forty different medications that varied from antidepressants, low dose neuroleptics etc. After Having collected a series of information after two consultation the clinician was able to come To the conclusion that C suffered from a double depression. C was advised to start a Treatment of intensive psychotherapy. Because the clinician evaluated not only the symptoms But also C sense of self-worth and how they were very belittling to himself, he also took into Consideration how C interacted with other and came to a clear conclusion that was not only Correct but has been very beneficial for C who has shown a bit of improvement the case is still Open. I identified the design study as one of Meta-analysis because in their journal Dr.Kernberg And Dr.Yeomans listed all the different typed of disorders that could be confused with each Other, he also listed their symptoms and similarities they also explained how easy it could be To confuse one disorder with another they used the example of how easy it could be to confuse Bipolar disorder with BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder) they also like to state thet In About 19% of patients with BPD a comorbidity with bipolar disorder may be present when Using Meta-analysis researchers examine results such as statistics from several other previous Studies to combine into one simple answer. I believe they chose meta-analysis over the other Methods of researching because they wanted to show the clinicians how easy it could be to Misdiagnose by pointing out the similarities and differences between the disorders.

Dr.Kernberg and Dr.Yeomans did not use any graphs but what they did use were Statistics from other research just to show how many patients are Misdiagnosed yearly for Example they stated that from their oobservations about 50% of patients who enter the Personality disorders until of our hospital with the diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major Depression turn out to present neither, but rather a severe personality disorder like BPD. They also used the example of the 19% of people with BPD sometimes show similarities In their episodes such as manic and depressive. At the end of their journal they come to the conclusion that it is especially important That the clinicians ask all the correct diagnosis questions when it comes to diagnosing people With disorders such as bipolar, ADHD,BPD,and major depressive episodes because the Treatment that comes along with the disorder diagnostics can have a very big impact in that Patients life they stress how important it is to take all of the fallowing under consideration What signs of depression are they showing, have they tried to commit suicide in the past, Have they self-harmed themselves before such as cutting, have they had any manic episodes Or depressive episodes before in the past, what are their cognitive functions, what are their Relationships like with their friends and family, so they have characteristics of personality Disorder, do they appear to be on any type of drug such as meth, heroin, and marijuana, are They antisocial. And if the clinicians can come to answer these questions it will be easier for Them to correctly diagnose the patients. This topic has expanded my knowledge in a tremendous amount, I never knew before That it was so easy to misdiagnose someone with a disorder I thought it was just plain and simple Like if they present so and so symptoms they are automatically bipolar or they are depressed I Never even knew something such as double depression existed. I learned that in patients with Major depression they may sometimes become really antisocial and that by trying to help them Socialize more we can end up doing more harm than good by unintentionally making them feel

Worse. Narcissistic Personality Disorder-is a disorder where people tend to have a inflated sense Of their own importance they have a need for attention they also tend to believe they are more Important than others but in reality they have a fragile self-esteem, and are very vulnerable to Criticism. Borderline Personality Disorder- is emotional instability, people who have BPD tend to feel Worthless and have a very low self-image of them selves they also tend to be Angry Impulsive and have frequent mood swings they may push others away. Are two disorders that I found very relevant to the study since they both have similarities in their low self-esteem.