GCSE Geography| Topic 4| Tourism

What are the Key Ideas for this Topic?

Why there has been an increase in tourism Tourism in a UK National Park (Lake District) Mass Tourism (Costa de sol) Tourism in E treme En!ironments ("ntarctica) Eco# Tourism

Growth in Tourism
Tourism- a stay away from home for over 24 hours for a recreational activity Reasons for increase in Tourism Better/Quicker Air Travel- Making Previously Remote areas accessible. More Paid Holidays- People tend to take many small olidays rat er t an one big one. !ncrease in amount o" #isposable income- People can a""ord to treat t em. A$areness o" attractions- People are becoming more a$are o" travel "rom travel s o$s and advertising. !ain Types "f Tourism %ultural Tourism- &ig tseeing' ()ploring di""erent (t nic groups. Business Tourism- as air travel develops more people travel to o""ices and "actories around t e $orld. *eograp ical Tourism- +isiting great *eograp ical &pots e.g. ,ello$ &tone -ational Park' .&A +isiting /amily and /riends T"#RIS! $R"%I&ES ' ('RGE !')"RIT* "+ (E&C,S I-C"!E e.g. E*G$T/ 012 "+ ITS I-C"!E IS &E$E-&'-T "T"#RIS!. T"#RIS! 3E($S C"#-TRIES T" &E%E("$ '-& 4EC"!E !"RE EC"-"!IC'((* ST'4(E.

Tourism in a #K -ationa5 $ar6

Case Study The (a6e &istrict7#K Reasons +or Growth

0""ers magni"icent and uni1ue landscapes- Rivers and Mountains. +ast Range o" t ings to do- /rom %limbing to &ailing. Becoming more accessible. 2ide Range o" ecosystems and -ature Reserves. Releases t e pressures "rom .rban 3iving.

3ow do peop5e so58e and reduce impacts of Tourism in the (a6e &istrict? Traffic4 Tra""ic is a big problem in t e 3ake #istrict and is reduced by setting speed limits to 56 mp as $ell as restricting on-street parking and introduces ne$ trunk roads to space t e tra""ic out. (andscape4 People maintain t e natural beauty o" t e 3ake #istrict by Planting trees and Repairing (roded /ootpat s. -oise $o55ution4 !n order to maintain a sense o" peace and tran1uillity "or bot residents and tourists' t ere as been a $ater skiing ban on 3ake 2indermere and a permanent speed limit o" 76 mp $as set in 8669. Shortage of 3ousing4 allot o" tourists buy second omes and t is leads to increase in price "or t e locals. T is as been solved by a""ordable ouses being built :ust available to local people' allo$ing bot local people and tourists to en:oy t e -ational Park.

Mass Tourism
Mass Tourism- Tourism involving large numbers of tourists

Case Study Costa &e So57 Spain 'ttractions A Mediterranean %limate 3ong &andy Beac es (nglis &peaking Resort $ositi8e Impacts (nvironmental4
T e %onservation o" -atural areas (conomical4 Provides ;obs "or 3ocal people at otels and ot er services Boosts t e (conomy o" t e area &ocial4 3ocals can a""ord to ave a better li"estyle <More &ervices=

-egati8e Impacts and So5utions (nvironmental4 T e Area is littered and natural beauty begins to "ade. #amages Habitats and causes 2ildli"e to "lee So5ution -ature Reser8es are 9ui5t and (oca5s attempt to pic6 up ru99ish on 9eaches
(conomical4 *reat demand o" $ater "or otels and gol" courses causes !n"lation. ;obs are &easonal and dependant on t e $eat er So5ution !ore peop5e :uit ;o9s at tourist spots and wor6ed the 5and or supp5ied the area with fish. &ocial4

0vercro$ding on beac es and on roads &ome o" services are not suitable "or locals like beac s ops e.c.t. Tourists begin to pus tourists out. So5ution 3igh Rise hote5s are 9ui5t to accommodate more peop5e and Separate ser8ices for (oca5 $eop5e are Supp5ied.

Tourism in E<treme En8ironments

Why do peop5e go on e<treme ho5idays? To do somet ing adventurous e.g. !ce %limbing To en:oy a oliday $it an element o" Risk involved e.g. Ra"ting To see scenery t at can>t be seen any$ ere else e.g. !ce bergs To see $ildli"e t at can>t be seen any$ ere else e.g. Polar bears Why has the the demand for e<treme en8ironments increased? !mprovements in travel ave made it easier and 1uicker to get to t em.

People are keen to see t ese places $ ile t ey can e.g. be"ore t e polar caps melt T+ Travel Programmes are making adventure olidays more appealing.

Case Study 'ntarctica

Impacts of Tourism #e"orestation is caused by cutting do$n "uel "or t e tourists to get t ere. /ootpat /ice erosion is caused by large numbers o" tourists e)ploring at once. 3itter and Rubbis is being le"t on t e ground. People are getting too close to polar bears and t ey are "leeing. &ome Tourists inter"ere $it &cientists Researc . Strategies used to reduce the impacts of Tourism 0nly s ips o" 966 people or less can land in Antarctica and only 766 people are allo$ed on land at one time. &moking is banned on Antarctica 2ildli"e is to be observed not to be approac ed 0n tours' people are told not to $onder o"" and disturb scienti"ic studies. +isitors are advised to $ear &uitable Antarctic "oot$ear to preserve t e !ce.

Eco/Tourism
Eco-Tourism- Tourism that doesnt harm the environment and benefits the local community. Economic 9enefits of eco/tourism !t creates :obs "or local people e.g. $orking as a guide $ ic elps t e local economy gro$. 3ocal people not directly evolved $it tourism also make money by selling traditional arts and cra"ts to visitors. En8ironmenta5 9enefits of eco/tourism

!t encourages people to conserve t e environment' rat er t an using it "or activities t at could be damaging. !t elps protect endangered species so tourists can see t em' but no one can unt or kill t em. !t uses Rene$able energy' like &olar panels $ ic is better "or t e environment t an burning /ossil /uels. Case Study The Ga5apagos Is5ands
4ac6ground Information A small c ain o" !slands "ound 7'666 km a$ay "rom t e $est coast o" &out America. ?6 @ o" t e !slands as designated as -ational Parks En8ironmenta5 4enefits

T e islands are "amous as t ey are ome to animal and plant species t at can>t be "ound any$ ere else on eart .

Buildings use local materials and are constructed by locals T ere is limited transport available $ ic reduces burning o" "ossil "uels Mostly nature-based activities' rat er t an recreational activities t at can be damaging.

Socia5 and Economic 4enefits 3ocal guides are used $ ic improves t eir 1uality o" living

Tourists only visit in small number $ ic reduces overcro$ding and t e over-use o" Resources (ac +isitor as to pay a "ee o" A89 to conserve !slands' t is elps develops t e country

Key Words
Tourism- a stay away from home for over 24 hours for a recreational activity Mass Tourism- Tourism involving large numbers of tourists Eco-Tourism- Tourism that doesnt harm the environment and benefits the local community. Extreme Environment- an environment with harsh conditions to beings who were accustomed to living in lush and bountiful areas. These are areas with little or no water / food supply and extreme temperatures.

Summary Questions 1. 2. &. efine Tourism. !1 "ar#$ escribe the attractions of the %a#e istrict. !& "ar#s$

escribe the management strategies that are used to cope with the impact of tourists in a Named '( )ational *ar#. !+ "ar#s$

4. ,xplain why Tourism is constantly increasing. !4 "ar#s$ -. .hat is meant by the term /"ass tourism01 !1 "ar#$ 2. escribe the impacts of mass tourism on a named tropical area and how they are being reduced !+ "ar#s$ 3. .hy do people go on extreme holidays and why has the demand for them increased1 !2 "ar#s$ +. ,xplain the strategies used in a named extreme environment to help reduce the impacts of tourism. !+ "ar#s$ 4. .hat is meant by the term /eco-tourism01 !1 "ar#$ 15. 'sing a case study6 describe the ways in which eco-tourism has benefitted this destination. !+ "ar#s$