WATER AND AIR

1. CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER
Water is a liquid. It does not have its own shape. Its shape depends on the container it is in. The sa e quantit! o" water chan#es shape when it #oes "ro outside a container and into so e #lasses. $ure water has no s ell% colour or taste.

1. Circle the correct answer: -Does vinegar have a smell? YE !N" -Does oil have a #lavo$r? YE !N" -Can %o$ water &lants with &er#$me? YE !N" -Can %o$ wash in oil? YE !N" -Does water have a colo$r? YE !N" -Can we live witho$t water? YE !N" '. Com&lete the sentences with the wor(s )elow: &lants-taste-animals-colo$r-sha&e-smell-li*$i( -Water has no ...........+ .............or ............. -Water is a ..................... -Water (oes not have its own ................... -,eo&le+ ................... an( ................nee( water to live.

-. ,la% )ingo. Write si. wor(s #rom the voca)$lar% o# this $nit an( cross o$t the wor(s %o$ hear.

&. WATER IS 'ECESSAR( FOR )IFE

$eople% ani als and plants cannot survive without water. A plant dries up and dies without water. $eople need at least one litre o" water a da! to survive. *an! ani als live in water.

+rin,in# water is water that is sa"e "or people to drin,. There is a lot o" water on the Earth -ut not uch drin,in# water. For e.a ple% we cannot drin, water "ro the sea.

In so e parts o" the world% there is ver! little rain"all% and the! have to ta,e water "ro wells in the #round.

1. /isten an( choose the correct answer: -There is a lot o# water on the Earth. TR0E!1A/ E -There is a lot o# (rin2ing water on the Earth. TR0E!1A/ E -We cannot (rin2 water #rom the sea. TR0E!1A/ E -An(al$cia has a lot o# water. TR0E!1A/ E -In (r% areas+ we ta2e water #rom the wells. TR0E!1A/ E '. 3rain storming: 4ow to save water. Water is a val$a)le reso$rce. 4ow can we save water at home? Disc$ss an( then (raw:

hower instea( o# )ath

Com&letel% #ill the washing T$rn o## the ta& when I machine clean m% teeth

/. WHERE CA' WE FI'+ WATER0

We can "ind water in an! di""erent places. There is water in the sea% rivers and la,es.

There is water under#round.

There is water on the tops o" the ountains in the "or o" snow. There is water in the hu#e -loc,s o" ice at the 'orth and South $oles. In our countr! it rains a lot in so e areas. In other areas it rains ver! little% especiall! in the su er% and there is not enou#h drin,in# water. Water "ro rain"all is stored in reservoirs% -ut in ver! dr! areas% this is not enou#h.

1. Wor(search. 1in( si. (i##erent &laces or #orms where there is water:

"

0 N D E R 9 R " 0 N D

Y D " D A Y N 7 7 I A

I E 5 6 A / 5 I N " /

A 5 I " A D A E " / A

E A / E D A " R 5 <

N / " 5 N D : 6 I C E

A Y 6 4 N " C 4 ; "

C D A C , 7 6 E E D 7

N C 7 7 A : " R 8 "

Y " E N I D I A I D

/ 4 " / / 8 N / D 4 Y

4 W Y 8 A 4 Y A 4 6 7

(Key: sea, rivers, lakes, underground, snow, ice)

'. Draw the #ollowing elements on the lan(sca&e: N"W = 4AI/ = RAIN = C/"0D = A /A<E = A RI;ER

1. THE THREE STATES OF WATER

Water can -e "ound in three di""erent states2 liquid% solid and #as. The water we drin, is liquid water. Clouds are ade up o" tin! drops o" liquid water. Ice% snow and hailstones are solid water. Water vapour is a #as. Water can chan#e "ro one state to another. When liquid water #ets ver! cold% it "ree3es. This is solidi"ication.

When ice or snow #ets war % it -eco es liquid water. This is

eltin#.

When liquid water #ets hot% it -eco es water vapour. This is evaporation.

When water vapour #ets cold% it -eco es liquid water. This is condensation.

1. Com&lete the sentences with the wor(s )elow.

Con(ensation-Eva&oration-6elting- oli(i#ication -.................... is when water #ree>es. -.....................is when ice gets warm. -.................... is when li*$i( water gets hot. -.................... is when water va&o$r gets col(. '. ;oca)$lar%. 1in( the o(( one o$t. ice-sea-snow-#rost-hailstones water va&o$r-la2es-sea-clo$(s-rivers con(ensation-eva&oration-melting-li*$i( water -. 1ill in the )lan2s with these wor(s: li*$i(+ gaseo$s+ soli(. -The water in snow is in a ???????????? state. -The water in a river is in a ????????????? state. -The water in clo$(s is in a ???????????? state. @. Do an E.&eriment. 4ow To 6a2e Ice-Cream. Yo$ nee(: mil2+ ice+ salt+ a small )ag an( a )ig )ag What to (o: 1ill the )ig )ag hal# #$ll with ice. &rin2le salt on to&. ,o$r mil2 into the small )ag. ,lace the small )ag insi(e the )ig )ag. ha2e the )ag $ntil the mil2 )ecomes har(. EnAo% %o$r ice creamB

4. THE WATER C(C)E

)iquid water in the sea% rivers and la,es evaporates -ecause o" heat "ro the Sun. The liquid water -eco es water vapour. The water vapour rises in the air. It chan#es into tin! drops o" water. The drops "or clouds. The clouds ove. Water "ro the clouds "alls to the earth as rain. I" it is ver! cold% the water "ree3es and "alls as snow. The water "ro rain and snow "or s rivers% la,es and ponds. I" is "alls on to the land% it is used -! plants or -eco es under#round water. So e water #oes into the sea or evaporates. The water c!cle -e#ins a#ain5

1. /oo2 care#$ll% at the &ict$re. "r(er the sentences. Colo$r the &ict$re. Write the letters ne.t to the n$m)ers in the &ict$re. -A-The clo$(s are ma(e $& o# tin% (ro&s o# water. -3-The water #rom rain an( snow #orms rivers+ la2es... -C-The water #rom the sea+ rivers an( la2es eva&orates. -D- ome water #rom the rivers goes into the sea. -E-Water #rom the clo$(s #alls (own as rain+ snow or hail.

'. In gro$&s o# #o$r+ ma2e a &oster a)o$t the water c%cle. Yo$ have to $se the #ollowing wor(s an( elements: river water va&o$r snow sea clo$(s hail eva&oration rain $n(ergro$n( water the $n -. /etCs ,la% 1oot)allB There will )e two teams. /isten to the *$estions the teacher wil a2s. I# %o$ get two correct answers on the same team+ %o$ will score a goal. I# the answer is wrong+ itCs the other teamCs t$rn. The team who scores the most goals is the winner.

Ecological advice: Water is eesential for life. We must encourage people to save water

6.7SES OF AIR
Ani als and plants need air to -reathe. We can live "or a "ew da!s without "ood or water% -ut we die i" we cannot -reathe. Fish have special or#ans called #ills "or -reathin# air in water. Other ani als% li,e -utter"lies and -irds% "l! thro#h air.

There is air in the t!res o" cars and -ic!cles and in the ru--er rin#s we use to learn to swi . The air pushes sailin# -oats throu#h water8 aeroplanes ove throu#h air.

1. /isten to the te.t again. Then com&lete the #ollowing sentences: -Animals an( &lants nee(............to )reathe. - ome animals live in ......................... -................hve s&ecial organs calle( gills #or )reathing in water. -There is ..................in the t%res o# ............ an( )ic%cles.

'. 6atch the n$m)ers an( the letters to #orm sentences:

1.We can live #or a #ew (a%s '.We can live #or a short time -.We (ie @.Aero&lanes

A.move thro$gh air 3.i# we cannot )reathe C.witho$t #oo( D.witho$t water

-. Circle ever%thing that nee(s air to live or to wor2:

@. ,la% Tic Tac Toe: Write nine wor(s #rom the voca)$lar% o# this $nit in the )o.es )elow. Then cross o$t the wor(s %o$ hear. Yo$ have to have three in a row to win.

9.CHARACTERISTICS A'+ CO*$OSITIO' OF AIR

Air is a gas. /i2e all gases+ air (oes not have its own sha&e. It ta2e the #orm o# the container it is in. Air occ$&ies the gratest &ossi)le s&ace. 4ot air weighs less than col( air. There is hot air in hot air )alloonsE this is wh% the% go $&.

There are (i##erent gases in air: Nitrogen ".%gen "ther gases There is more nitrogen than o.%gen in the air. 4owever o.%gen is ver% im&ortant+ )eca$se living things nee( it to )reathe.

1. Com&lete the sentences with the #ollowing wo(s:

col( n%trogen

hot (i##erent

o.%gen )reathe

gas

-Air is a DDDDD.D. -DDDDDD..air weighs less than DDDDDDDD. air. -There are DDDDDDDD.gases in the air. -DDDDDDDDDDis ver% im&ortant. /iving things nee( o.%gen to DDDDDDDD.. In the air we can #in( o.%gen+ DDDDDDD.. an( other gases.

'. Which o# the gra&hs re&resents )etter the com&osition o# air? A B

".%gen Nitrogen "ther gases Now answer the *$estions: -Which is the main gas in the air? -Which is the most im&ortant gas #or living things to )reathe?

:.THE AT*OS$HERE
The atmos&here is an enormo$s la%er o# gases that s$rro$n(s the Earth. It has ver% im&ortant #$nctions: It has the oxygen we need to breathe. It filters the Suns rays.

In the atmos&here we can #in( man% gases+ li2e o.%gen an( water va&o$r. We can (isting$ish (i##erent &arts: The lower parts of the atmosphere. Here there is the oxygen that living things need to breathe. The higher parts of the atmosphere. Here there is very little oxygen. Outside the atmosphere there is the outer space. There is no air and no life. In the atmosphere there are different atmospheric phenomena li!e precipitation wind and storms.

1. Com&lete the (iagram:

THE ATMOSPHERE

LAYERS

FUNCTIONS

ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA

Higher part

storms

'. Choose the correct wor(: -There is more o.%gen in the /"WER! 4I94ER &arts o# the atmos&here. -There is ver% little o.%gen in the /"WER! 4I94ER &arts o# the atmos&here. -In the o$ter s&ace T4ERE I ! T4ERE I N" o.%gen. -The "8Y9EN! AT6" ,4ERE #ilters the $nFs ra%s. -. Colo$r the Earth. Then la)el the &arts o# the ma&. 1: lan(: )rown '.seas an( oceans: (ar2 )l$e -: atmos&here: light )l$e

Healthy advice We need to use sunscreen to protect

our skin when we are out in the sun. It helps prevent sunburn and skin cancer.