VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 1

Task and Functions

Jagannadha Naidu K
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 2
Task
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 3
Task Properties
Declared within a module
Referenced only by a behavior within the module
Task can be used with delay, timing or event control constructs.
Tasks can have zero or more arguments.
Supports input, output and inout arguments.
Passes the values through output and inout arguments to the
task call.
A task can call other tasks and functions as well.
Tasks are declared with keyword task and endtask.
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 4
Task Format
task <task_name>;
<task_declarations >
input declarations;
output declarations;
inout declarations;
begin
<assignments>
end
endtask
task task log_cal log_cal; ;
parameter parameter DEL = 30; DEL = 30;
output output [7:0]and_out,or_out,xor_out; [7:0]and_out,or_out,xor_out;
input input [7:0]in1, in2; [7:0]in1, in2;
begin begin
#DEL #DEL and_out and_out = in1 & in2; = in1 & in2;
or_out or_out = in1 | in2; = in1 | in2;
xor_out xor_out = in1 ^ in2; = in1 ^ in2;
end end
endtask endtask
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 5
Example
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 6
Re-entrant Task
Problem
Task is called concurrently from two places in
the code, these task calls will operate on the
same task variables
Solution
Keyword automatic is added in front of the
task keyword to make the tasks re-entrant
All items declared inside automatic tasks are
allocated dynamically for each invocation
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 7
Example
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 8
Cont
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 9
Functions
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 10
Function properties
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 11
Function properties
Function properties
Functions should not contain delay information.
Functions must contain at least one input.
Supports only input arguments.
A function can call other function only.
Can return only one value.
Functions are declared with keyword function and
endfunction.
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 12
Function Format
function
<range><function_name>;
<function_declarations >
input declarations;
begin
<assignments>
end
endfunction
function function par_cal par_cal; ;
input input [15:0]dat_in; [15:0]dat_in;
begin begin
par_cal par_cal = ^ = ^dat_in dat_in; ;
end end
endfunction endfunction
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 13
Function Example
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 14
Function Calling
A function is called or enabled by a function enable
call that specifies the argument values passed to the
function.
A function call is a part of an expression i.e. an
operand within an expression.
Function returns the computed result in the name of
the function itself
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 15
Function Calling
The list of input arguments must match the order
of input declarations in the function definition.
Arguments are passed by value, not by reference.
A function can be called more than once
concurrently with each call having its own control.
Variables declared within a function is static.
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 16
Function calling example
Function calling example
function function par_cal par_cal; ;
input input [15:0]dat_in; [15:0]dat_in;
begin begin
par_cal par_cal = ^ = ^dat_in dat_in; ;
end end
endfunction endfunction
wire [15:0]data;
reg parity_value;
always @(enable)
begin
if (enable == 1b1)
parity_value = par_cal(data);
end
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 17
Automatic (Recursive ) Functions
The keyword automatic can be used to declare a
recursive (automatic) function where all function
declarations are allocated dynamically for each
recursive calls
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 18
VIT University ECE301 - VLSI System Design 19
Task and Functions Summary
functions
can enable other function, not
a task.
execute in 0 simulation time.
do not support delay, event or
timing controls.
must have at least one input
argument, can have more than
one input.
return single value , they can
not have output or inout
arguments.
tasks
can enable other functions and
tasks.
execute in non 0 simulation
time.
can have delays, event or
timing controls.
can have zero or more
arguments of type input,
output or inout.
do not return any value, but
can pass multiple values thro
output and inout args.