TRANSFER FUNCTION OF SELF EXCITED DC GENERATOR

EX.NO:

DATE: TRANSFER FUNCTION OF SELF EXCITED DC GENERATOR

AIM: To determine the transfer function of the given self excited DC generator. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO NAME OF THE EQUIOMENT RANGE TYPE QTY

FORMULA: Transfer function of self excited DC generator: Transfer Function = Kg (R f + L f s) (R a + L a s)

PRECAUTIONS: At Starting i. ii. The motor field rheostat should be kept in minimum resistance position. The generator field rheostat should be kept in maximum resistance position.

PROCEDURE: To find O.C.C: 1. Make connection as per the circuit diagram. 2. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch.

DETERMINATION OF R f:

3. Adjust the motor field rheostat to set the motor speed to rated value. 4. Adjust the generator field rheostat step by step, for each step take the readings of generator field current and generated e.m.f 5. Draw the OC Characteristics. To Find Ra: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. Keep the load at minimum position. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch. Increases the load step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the armature and current flowing through the armature.

To find R f: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the load at minimum position. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch. Increases the load step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the field winding and current flowing through the field winding.

To Find Z a: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the 1 variac at minimum position. Give AC supply by closing DPST switch. Adjust the 1 variac step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the armature and current flowing the armature.

To Find Z f: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the 1 variac at minimum position. Give AC supply by closing DPST switch. Adjust the 1 variac step by step, for each step t ake the readings of voltage across the field winding and current flowing through the field winding.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: To find Z a:

To find Z f:

TABULATION: OPEN CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS: S.NO If ,A E g ,V

TO FIND R a : S.NO V a (V) I a (A) R a = Va/Ia

Average Ra = TO FIND R f : S.NO V f (V) I f (A) R f = Vf/If

Average R f =

TO FIND Z a : S.NO V a (V) I a (A) Z a = Va/Ia

Average Z a = TO FIND Z f : S.NO V f (V) I f (A) Z f = Vf/If

Average Z f =

MODEL GRAPH:

MODEL CALCULATION:

RESULT:

TRANSFER FUNCTION OF SEPARATELY EXCITED DC GENERATOR:

EX.NO:

DATE:

TRANSFER FUNCTION OF SEPARATELY EXCITED DC GENERATOR AIM: To determine the transfer function of the given separately excited DC generator. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO NAME OF THE EQUIOMENT RANGE TYPE QTY

FORMULA: Transfer function = Kg (R f + L f s)

PRECAUTIONS: At Starting i. ii. The motor field rheostat should be kept in minimum resistance position. The generator field rheostat should be kept in maximum resistance position.

DETERMINATION OF R f:

DETERMINATION OF Z f:

PROCEDURE: To find O.C.C: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connection as per the circuit diagram. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch. Adjust the motor field rheostat to set the motor speed to rated value. Adjust the generator field rheostat step by step, for each step take the readings of generator field current and generated e.m.f 5. Draw the OC Characteristics. To find R f: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the load at minimum position. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch. Increases the load step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the field winding and current flowing through the field winding.

To Find Z f: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the 1 variac at minimum position. Give AC supply by closing DPST switch. Adjust the 1 variac step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the field winding and current flowing through the field winding.

TABULATION: OPEN CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS: S.NO If ,A E g ,V

TO FIND R f : S.NO V f (V) I f (A) R f = Vf/If

Average R f = TO FIND Z f : S.NO V f (V) I f (A) Z f = Vf/If

Average Z f = MODEL GRAPH:

MODEL CALCULATION:

RESULT:

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: DETERMINATION OF TRANSFER FUNCTION OF DC SERVO MOTOR:

DETERMINATION OF R f:

EX.NO:

DATE: TRANSFER FUNCTION OF DC SERVO MOTOR

AIM: To determine the transfer function of the given DC servomotor by field control method and armature controlled method. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO NAME OF THE EQUIOMENT RANGE TYPE QTY

FORMULA: ARMATURE CONTROL METHOD: FORMULA: Armature Control D.C. Servo motor: It is DC shunt motor designed to satisfy the requirements of the servomotor. The field excited by a constant DC supply. If the field current is constant then Speed is directly proportional to armature voltage and torque is directly Proportional to armature current. ` Km Transfer Function = S (1 + Tm S) Km = 1 / Kt Constant Values Tm = J Ra / Kb Kt J = 0.039 Kg2 m Kt = DT / DI a B = 0.030 N / rpm E b = V-I a Ra

DETERMINATION OF Z f:

Field Control D.C. Servo motor: Kt Transfer Function = Js 2 (1 + s) K = Kt / R f = Lf / R f

= 2N / 60 T = r (S1 S2) * 9.81 N-m PRECAUTIONS: At starting, The field rheostat should be kept in minimum resistance position PROCEDURE: To Find Kb :
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. After checking the no load condition, and minimum field rheostat position, DPST switch is closed and starter resistance is gradually removed. 3. The motor is brought to its rated speed by adjusting the field rheostat. 4. Ammeter, Voltmeter readings, speed and spring balance readings are noted under no load condition. 5. The load is then added to the motor gradually and for each load, voltmeter, ammeter, spring balance readings and speed of the motor are noted. 6. The motor is then brought to no load condition and field rheostat to minimum position, then DPST switch is opened.

To find R f: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the load at minimum position. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch. Increases the load step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the field winding and current flowing through the field winding.

TABULATION: TO FIND R a : S.NO V a (V) I a (A) R a = Va/Ia

Average Ra = TO FIND R f : S.NO V f (V) I f (A) R f = Vf/If

Average R f =

To find Kb: S.NO If ,A I a, A V S1 Kg S2 Kg N rpm T N-m E b, V Kb=Eb/

TO FIND Z f : S.NO V f (V) I f (A) Z f = Vf/If

Average Z f =

To Find Z f: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make connections as per circuit diagram. Keep the 1 variac at minimum position. Give AC supply by closing DPST switch. Adjust the 1 variac step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the field winding and current flowing through the field winding.

To Find Ra: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. Keep the load at minimum position. Give DC supply by closing DPST switch. Increases the load step by step, for each step take the readings of voltage across the armature and current flowing through the armature.

MODEL GRAPH:

MODEL CALCULATION:

RESULT:

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: TRANSFER FUNCTION OF AC SERVO MOTOR:

MW: MAIN WINDING AW: AUXILIARY WINDING CS: CENTRIFUGAL SWITCH

EX.NO:

DATE: TRANSFER FUNCTION OF AC SERVO MOTOR

AIM: To determine the transfer function of the given AC servomotor. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QTY

FORMULA: TRANSFER FUNCTION = Km

Km =

K1 K2 + B

J K 2+ B TORQUE= 9.81*r*(S1~S2) Nm

J=0.05Kg cm2

B=0.01875

PRECAUTIONS: 1) 2) Before switching on the supply the variac is kept in minimum position. Initially these should be on no load while starting the motor.

TABULAR COLUMN: TO FIND K1 AND K2: S.NO S1 LOAD(Kg) S2 (S1~S2) SPEED,N rpm CONTROL VOLTAGE,V TORQUE(Nm)

MODEL GRAPH: To find K2: To find K1:

PROCEDURE: 1) 2) 3) 4) Connections are given as per the circuit diagram. Switch on the supply at no load condition. Apply the rotor voltage to the motor using the variac and note down the readings at Voltmeter and no load speed. Vary the load in suitable steps and note down all the meter readings till fill load Condition.

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:

EX.NO:

DATE:

STABILITY ANALYSIS OF LINEAR SYSTEM

AIM
To analysis the stability of the given linear system using Bode Plot, Nyquist Plot and Root Locus.

APPRATUS REQUIRED

THEORY
POLAR PLOT The polar plot of a sinusoidal transfer function G ( jw) on polar coordinates as w is varied from zero to infinity. Thus the polar plot is the locus of vectors G ( jw) and G( jw) as w is varied from zero to infinity. The polar plot is also called Nyquist plot. NYQUIST STABILITY CRITERION If G(s)H(s) contour in the G(s)H(s) plane corresponding to Nyquist contour in s-plane encircles the point 1+ j0 in the anti clockwise direction as many times as the number of right half s-plane of G(s)H(s) . Then the closed loop system is stable. ROOT LOCUS The root locus technique is a powerful tool for adjusting the location of closed loop poles to achieve the desired system performance by varying one or more system parameters. The path taken by the roots of the characteristics equation when open loop gain K is varied from 0 to are called root loci (or the path taken by a root of characteristic equation when open loop gain K is varied from 0 to is called root locus.) FREQUENCY DOMAIN SPECIFICATIONS The performance and characteristics of a system in frequency domain are measured in term of frequency domain specifications. The requirements of a system to be designed are usually specified in terms of these specifications.

Using Bode Plot num = [0 0 2] den = [1 3 2] bode (num,den) grid title (BODE DIAGRAM) % To Find out Gain Margin sys = tf (num, den) bode (sys) Margin (sys) [ gm, ph, wpc, wgc ] = margin (sys). Using Nyquist Plot num = [0 0 2] den = [1 3 2] nyquist (num,den) grid title (Nyquist Plot) Using ROOT LOCUS num = [0 0 2] den = [1 3 2] rlocus (num,den) grid
title (Root Locus Plot)

RESULT

EX.NO:

DATE:

DIGITAL SIMULATION OF LINEAR SYSTEM

AIM To simulate the time response characteristics of second order linear system using MATLAB.

PROCEDURE Enter the command window of the MATLAB. Create a new M file by selecting File New M File. Type and save the program. Execute the program by either pressing F5 or Debug Run. View the results. Analysis the time domain specifications of the system.
MATLAB PROGRAM FOR UNIT IMPULSE PRSPONSE num = [ ] den = [ ] impulse (num, den) grid title ( unit impulse response plot) MATLAB PROGRAM FOR UNIT STEP PRSPONSE num = [ [ den =[ ] step (num, den) grid on title (unit step response plot)

RESULT .

TO FIND THE MOMENT OF INERTIA:

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

FUSE RATING:

EX.NO: TRANSFER FUNCTION OF DC MOTOR AIM:

DATE:

To determine the transfer function of the given DC motor by field control method and armature control method. APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO NAME OF THE EQUIOMENT RANGE TYPE QTY

FORMULA: TRANSFER FUNCTION FOR FIELD CONTROL DC MOTOR: K Js2 (I + s )

K =KT/R f

=Lf /Rf