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Spring, 2004
Structures
c
L. Anand
1. Kinematics
v(x, t)
. 2v(x,t)
(x, t) = x2
(x, y, t) = (x, t)y
(x, y, t) (x, t)y
. 2v(x,t)
(x, y, t) = x2
longitudinal strain
curvature rate
| |sgn() =
=
Therefore, | | =
sgn() =
| |sgn()
|y |sgn(y)
| ||y | [sgn()sgn(y)
]
| ||y | and
sgn()sgn(y)
2. Constitutive Relation
= c
= 0
= s
(x, y, t) = s
||
s
| |
0
sgn()
1/n
sgn()
| (x, t)||y|
0
1/n
sgn()
(x, y, t) = {sgn()sgn(y)s}
0
s>0
|(x,
t)|
0
1/n
|y|1/n
M (x, t) =
y(x, y, t)dA
= {sgn()s}
with
In
| (x, t)|
0
1/n
sgn(y) |y|1+1/n dA
| (x, t)|
M (x, t) = {sgn()s}
1/n
In
sgn(y)|y|1+1/ndA
| (x, t)|
(x, y, t) = {sgn()s}
0
M (x, t) 1/n
sgn(y)
(x, y, t) =
|y|
In
1/n
|y |1/n(sgn(y))
1/n
|(x,
t)|
|M (x, t)| =
sIn
n
0
|M (x, t)|
(x, t) = 0
sgn(M (x, t))
sIn
n
2
|M (x, t)|
v(x, t)
= 0
sgn(M (x, t))
x2
sIn
M (x, t) P (t)(L x) = 0
M (x, t) = P (t)(L x) 0 x L
n
2
v
|M |
(x) =
=
sgn(M )
0
2
x
sIn
n
|P (t)(L x)|
= 0
sIn
n
|P (t)
|
= 0
(L x)n
sIn
v = 0
Boundary conditions: (1) v = 0 at x = 0 and (2) x
at x = 0 (Assume P (t) > 0)
|P (t)|
v
1
= 0
(L x)n+1 + C1
x
sIn
n+1
n
|P (t)|
Ln+1
C1 = 0
(Using BC (2))
sIn
n+1
v
|P (t)|
1
n+1
n+1
= 0
(L x)
+L
x
sIn
n+1
n+2
|P (t)|
1
(L x)
+ Ln+1x + C2
v = 0
sIn
n+1
n+2
n+2
|P (t)|
1
L
C2 = 0
(Using BC (1))
sIn
n+1 n+2
|P (t)|
v = 0
sIn
(L x)n+2
Ln+2
1
+ Ln+1x
n+2
n+1
n+2
n
|P (t)|
Ln+2
(Tip deection rate)
= |v(x = L)| = 0
sIn
n+2
|P (t)| =
1/n
( / 0)(n + 2)
sIn
Ln+2
c
ij
1
e
ij =
(1 + ) ij
kk ij
E
k
Youngs modulus
Poissons ratio
=
(3/2)
ij
Mises equivalent tensile stress
ij
i,j
2
2
2
= (1/2) (11 22) + (22 33) + (33 11) +
1/2
2
2
2
3 12 + 23 + 31
n
0
s
creep exponent
reference strain rate
reference stress
as it should.
For the case of rigid-viscoplastic materials, the elastic strains and strain rates are neglected:
. c
ij = ij
;
/}
ij = cij = c(3/2){ij
c = 0 {/s}n
Displacement eld:
ur = 0
u = zr
uz = 0
Strain eld:
1 u
1 uz
1
z =
+
= r,
2 z
r
2
with all other ij = 0
1
r
2
1
z =
r
2L
z =
(1)
3
3 z
ij
ij = c
z = c
2
2
c = 0
ij = ij
kk ij
3
k
= .
The only non-zero stress component is z
z
z =
3
0
2
3 |z |
s
sgn(z )
(2)
2
0
z tr2 d = 2tr 2z
z =
Mt
2tr2
(3)
Finally,
3
3 |z |
0
sgn(z )
2
s
1
3
3 |Mt|
r =
sgn(Mt)
0
2
2L
2
s 2tr
3|Mt|
L
sgn(Mt)
=
30
r
2tr2 s
L
3Mt
=
30
for Mt > 0
2
2tr s
r
z =
Recall
1
3
r
= z (r) =
0
2
2
3 |z (r)|
s
(for a r b)
sgn(z (r))
1/n
3
3 |z |
s
2
z (r) =
z (r)
;
z =
0
2
s
3
30
z (r) = r/2
z (r) Ar 1/n,
where
s
A
3
30L
1/n
b 2
a
b 2
a
r 2+1/nddr =
r2+1/nddr
2
3+1/n
3+1/n
b
a
3 + 1/n
Since A = Mt/Jn,
Mt 1/n
r
z (r) =
Jn
and
1/n
s
Mt
=
Jn
3
30L
3 Mt
= 30
L
s Jn