I

. .
NASA T e c h n i c a l Memorandum 88911

w.

Noise Generated by Flow Through Large Butterfly Valves

-

Ronald G. H u f f Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio

LOISE G E N E b A l k L EX FLOW 3 8 B O U G B LARGE BCI'IEBPLY VALVE: (NASA) 17 p CSCL 20A

INASA-Ta-88911)

N87-165E6

Unclas
H1/71
43312

January 1987

NOISE GENERATED BY FLOW THROUGH LARGE BUTTERFLY VALVES

Ronald G . H u f f N a t i o n a l Aeronautics and Space A d m i n i s t r a t i o n Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135
SUMMARY

.a
3

1
3

A l a r g e b u t t e r f l y v a l v e (1.37 m diam) was a c o u s t i c a l l y t e s t e d t o measure t h e n o i s e generated and propagating i n b o t h t h e upstream and downstream d i r e c t i o n s . The experimental i n v e s t i g a t i o n used w a l l mounted pressure transducers t o measure t h e f l u c t u a t i n g component o f t h e p i p e s t a t i c pressure upstream and downstream o f t h e valve. Microphones upstream o f t h e p i p e i n l e t and l o c a t e d I n a plenum were used t o measure t h e n o i s e r a d i a t e d f r o m t h e v a l v e i n t h e upstream d i r e c t i o n . Comparison o f the w a l l pressure downstream o f t h e v a l v e t o a p r e d i c t i o n were made. Reasonable agreement was obtained w i t h t h e v a l v e o p e r a t i n g a t a choked c o n d i t i o n . The n o i s e upstream o f t h e v a l v e i s 30 dB l e s s t h a n t h a t measured downstream. INTRODUCTION

Noise generated by valves I n l a r g e l i n e s connected t o a c o u s t i c t e s t f a c i l i t i e s can mask t h e n o i s e o f t h e t e s t hardware. Proposed m o d i f i c a t i o n o f NASA Lewis Research Centers A l t i t u d e Wind Tunnel (AWT) t o i n c l u d e a c o u s t i c t e s t i n g c a p a b i l i t y created a need f o r t e n t h s c a l e model t e s t o f t u n n e l components. A t e s t s e c t i o n design p o i n t o f 120 dB o v e r a l l sound pressure l e v e l (OASPL) was s p e c i f i e d . I n order t o reach t h e design p o i n t i t i s necessary t o e v a l u a t e i n d i v i d u a l components and the a c o u s t i c t r e a t m e n t used t o suppress unwanted noise. Components a r e connected t o t h e c e n t e r s a l t i t u d e exhaust system used t o draw a i r through t h e model. Large b u t t e r f l y valves, used f o r cont r o l , a r e placed i n t h e l i n e between t h e model and t h e exhausters. Noise generated by t h e exhaust system may be e f f e c t i v e l y blocked from r e a c h i n g t h e model component by o p e r a t i n g t h e v a l v e a t a choked c o n d i t i o n . However any n o i s e generated by t h e valve upstream o f t h e sonic p o i n t i n t h e f l o w w i l l be propagated i n b o t h t h e upstream and downstream d i r e c t i o n s . The vena c o n t r a c t a f o r an o r i f i c e occurs a t some p o i n t i n t h e f l o w downstream o f t h e o r i f i c e p l a t e . I n a s i m i l a r manner f l o w through b u t t e r f l y valves reaches sonic v e l o c i t y downstream o f t h e valve d i s c . Mixing, upstream o f t h e vena c o n t r a c t a , c r e a t e s n o i s e t h a t i s f r e e t o propagate i n t h e upstream d i r e c t i o n c r e a t i n g a n o i s e source t h a t c o u l d exceed t h a t generated by t h e model cobponent under t e s t . B u t t e r f l y v a l v e n o i s e has been t h e s u b j e c t o f a number o f papers, references 1 t o 8. A number o f n o i s e p r e d i c t i o n s e x i s t i n t h e l i t e r a t u r e ; r e f e r e n c e s 9 t o 13 a r e examples. The p r e d i c t i o n s , f o r t h e most p a r t a r e intended t o determine t h e dominant n o i s e emanating f r o m t h e valve. Most o f t h e n o i s e i s generated downstream o f t h e v a l v e body by m i x i n g processes I f , as i n t h e case o f s i m i l a r t o j e t n o i s e producing mechanisms ( r e f . 2). wind t u n n e l n o i s e t e s t s , one i s i n t e r e s t e d i n measuring t h e n o i s e generated by models l o c a t e d upstream o f a i r f l o w c o n t r o l valves t h e n o i s e generated by t h e v a l v e and propagating upstream t o the model should be l e s s t h a n t h e model generated n o i s e by 10 t o 20 dB.

To determine the magnitude and the spectrum of the noise generated by large butterfly valves, similar to that used in AWT test rigs, acoustic measurements were made on a similar valve located in the Lewis Research Center's 8- by 6-ft supersonic wind tunnel (SWT) plenum chamber. The results of these test are reported herein. APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE Test Rig Description
A 1.37 m butterfly valve is used to control the pressure in the plenum surrounding the test section during tunnel operation. The valve is located in the lower part of the plenum chamber and, as shown in figure l(a), is placed in the exhauster line just downstream of a bellmouth inlet. Figure l(a) t o (c) show the plenum chamber as it existed for the acoustic tests. Figure l(d) shows the butterfly disc configuration at the 90" position (full open).

During the test the exhausters were capable of maintaining a choking pressure ratio at the valve up to a valve position of approxlmately 3 5 " . For larger openings the pressure downstream of the valve began to increase due t o the limitations on the exhauster system flow rate. Data were recorded from the valve fully closed to fully open position, that is from 0 to 90" valve disc position. Instrumentation Acoustic measurements were made both upstream and downstream of the valve on the pipe wall using 101 kN/m2 pressure transducers. Their output passed through a signal conditioner, amplifier and then to an FM tape recorder. The location of the transducers is shown in figure 2. In addition to the four wall mounted pressure transducers, two 0.635 cm condenser type microphones were mounted at the pipe centerline in front of bellmouth inlet; the distance is given in figure 2. The microphone output passed through amplifiers and then to an FH tape recorder. In addition to the acoustic instrumentation the transducers were used to measure the absolute pressure in the pipe. Thus the wall static pressures both upstream and downstream of the valve were measured. The plenum chamber temperature and pressure were recorded manually from transducers located in the plenum chamber. Data Reduction Flow rate. - The mass flow rate of air through the valve was calculated using the static pressure measured just downstream of the bellmouth and the plenum pressure and temperature. The Mach number was calculated using the ratio of wall to plenum pressure and a specific heat ratio equal 1.4. From the Mach number, with the simplifying assumption that the plenum chamber temperature approximates the static temperature in the flow at low Mach numbers, the flow velocity Is calculated. From the measured pipe static pressure and plenum chamber temperature the static density is calculated for a perfect
2

gas. The density, velocity, and pipe cross-sectional area are then used in the continuity equation to calculate the mass flow rate. Acoustic data. - A one-third - octave spectrum analyzer was used to obtain the one-third - octave spectrum and the OASPL reported herein. A Fast Fourier Transform analyzer was used to obtain the narrow band spectra and the coherence and phase angle information. Table I lists the overall sound pressure levels for all the wall mounted pressure transducers and the two microphones along with the valve angular position. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Both steady state (static) and fluctuating pressures were measured as discussed above. The plenum chamber pressure was assumed to be the total pressure of the flow to the valve. A discussion of the flow and acoustic data f 01 1 ows . Mass Flow The curve drawn through the data shown by the circular symbols in figure Scatter of the data is attributed to the low Mach number at the measuring station and resulting small difference between the wall static pressure and the plenum chamber pressure. The curve faired through the data appears to be accurate enough for use in any acoustic correlation of sound pressure with valve position.
3 may be used for determining the mass flow rate through the valve.

Acoustic Pressure The overall sound pressure level as a function of valve position given in Table I is shown graphically in figure 4. OASPL are shown upstream and downstream of the valve location. Downstream OASPL follow a smooth curve with valve position. The peak occurs at the valve choke point around the 35" disc position. The upstream OASPL peak at the 45" valve position or just before the valve chokes. The OASPL upstream of the valve deviates from the smooth curve at the lo", 15O, and 20" valve position. This deviation, as will be shown later, is due to tones generated by the valve. For example, a plot o f the s o w d pressure level (SPL) at a frequency of 1000 Hz (fig. 5 ) . shows that the SPL upstream of the valve follows a smooth curve. The shape of the OASPL and SPL curves with valve disc positton are the same if tones are neglected in the upstream spectra. The OASPL upstream of the valve on the pipe wall and at the two pipe centerline locations upstream of the bellmouth are shown in figure 6 , The OASPL data show similar trends though different levels. This indicates that the noise trends measured by microphones away from the flow field are in substantial agreement with the OASPL measured on the pipe wall. The difference in level is attributed to the usual drop in SPL with distance from its

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source. One may conclude f r o m t h i s d i s c u s s i o n t h a t t h e OASPL measured a t t h e w a l l l o c a t i o n upstream o f t h e v a l v e g i v e s a reasonable approximation o f t h e n o i s e b e i n g propagated i n t h e upstream d i r e c t i o n . Reeerring t o f i g u r e 4 then, one may conclude t h a t t h e minimum n o i s e generated by t h e v a l v e and t r a n s m f t t e d i n t h e upstream d i r e c t i o n w i l l be i n t h e o r d e r of 125 dB and occurs a t a 25" d i s c p o s i t i o n . The maximum OASPL of 138 dB w i l l occur j u s t b e f o r e t h e v a l v e chokes a t a 45" d i s c p o s i t i o n . A t a constant power l e v e l any decrease i n t h e p i p e area w i t h d i s t a n c e from t h e v a l v e w i l l t e n d t o I n c r e a s e these values. Hence f o r t h e t e n t h s c a l e model t e s t , w i t h a t e s t s e c t i o n diameter o f approximately 0.7 m, one must add 6 dB t o t h e maximum OASPL o f 138 dB g i v i n g a maximum o f 144 dB i n t h e t e n t h s c a l e model. I t i s obvious f r o m these numbers t h a t v a l v e n o i s e suppression i s r e q u i r e d f o r t h e t e n t h s c a l e AWT model t e s t s i f t h e design OASPL goal o f 120 dB i s t o be obtained. To design a m u f f l e r capable o f absorbing t h e a c o u s t i c energy r a d i a t e d from t h e v a l v e the sound pressure spectrum must be known. The w a l l SPL spect r a o f t h e 1.37 m v a l v e a r e shown i n f i g u r e 7 f o r v a l v e d i s c p o s i t i o n s o f 1 5 O , 25", and 30". As s t a t e d p r e v i o u s l y tones e x i s t e d upstream o f t h e v a l v e when t h e v a l v e was operated i n an almost closed p o s i t i o n t h a t i s l o o , 1 5 O , and 20" d i s c p o s i t i o n s . These tones occurred around a frequency o f 5000 Hz, f i g u r e 7(a), a t t h e 15" v a l v e p o s i t i o n . Hay s t a c k i n g around t h i s frequency occurred a t v a l v e p o s i t i o n s o f 25" and 30". Below 5000 Hz t h e 15" d i s c p o s i t i o n spect r u m g i v e n by t h e c i r c u l a r symbols i n f i g u r e 7(a) i s f l a t . However as t h e v a l v e d i s c i s opened t o t h e 25" and 30" d i s c p o s i t i o n s a low frequency hump around 200 Hz appears. This hump i s s i m i l a r t o j e t n o i s e spectra. The tones a t 5000 Hz a r e a t t r i b u t e d t o a feedback mechanism t h a t has been observed I n small diameter supersonic j e t n o i s e s t u d i e s . The sound pressure l e v e l spect r u m downstream o f t h e valve, f i g u r e 7(b), shows t h a t f o r a l l t h r e e v a l v e p o s i t i o n s t h e sound pressure i s g r e a t e r than t h a t a t t h e upstream measurement l o c a t i o n . The tones do n o t appear i n a l l p r o b a b i l i t y because t h e y a r e masked by t h e m i x i n g n o i s e i n t h e r e g i o n downstream o f t h e valve. The bellmouth c e n t e r l i n e a c o u s t i c pressure s p e c t r a a r e shown i n f i g u r e 8 f o r v a l v e d i s c p o s i t i o n s o f 15", 25", and 30". Trends s i m i l a r t o t h e upstream w a l l SPL spectra a r e observed. However f o r t h e v a l v e n e a r l y closed, 1 5 " d i s c p o s i t i o n , t h e l o w frequency p o r t i o n o f the spectrum below 315 Hz drops i n l e v e l compared t o t h e f l a t shape o f t h e w a l l s p e c t r a shown i n f i g u r e 7 ( a ) . One may conclude then t h a t f o r purposes o f v a l v e m u f f l e r design, as i n the t e n t h scale A W T t e s t and f o r valves t h i s s i z e , t h e m u f f l e r should be designed f o r t w o peak frequency regions; one broad banded a t 200 Hz and t h e o t h e r a t 5000 Hz. The suppression o f n o i s e upstream o f t h e v a l v e j u d g i n g f r o m f i g u r e 4 should be on t h e order o f 34 dB. T h i s i s determined f r o m t h e d i f ference between t h e expected OASPL i n t h e t e n t h s c a l e model t e s t w i t h o u t muff l e r (144 dB) and t h e design goal o f 120 dB minus 10 dB (where t h e 10 dB i s used t o i n s u r e t h a t t h e m u f f l e d v a l v e n o i s e w i l l be n e g l i g i b . l e compared t o t h e 120 dB background n o i s e goal i n t h e t e s t s e c t i o n ) . Any a n a l y s i s of a c o u s t i c d a t a should i n c l u d e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e narrowband data. F i g u r e 9 shows t h e narrowband SPL s p e c t r a (40 Hz bandwidth) upstream and downstream o f t h e v a l v e f o r v a l v e d i s c p o s i t i o n s o f l o o , 30", and 60". A t a v a l v e d i s c p o s i t i o n o f 10" ( f i g . 9 ( a ) ) , t h e tones appear i n t h e upstream spectrum a t m u l t i p l e s of 5750 Hz. The tones a r e n o t p r e s e n t i n t h e downstream spectrum. Downstream of t h e v a l v e a hump i n t h e spectrum e x i s t between 4000

and 5000 Ha. The tones appear not to propagate In the downstream direction. At the 3 0 ' valve disc position (fig. 9(b)), .the discrete tones are not present either upstream or downstream of the valve. The downstream spectrum is on the order of 33 dB higher then the upstream. The upstream spectrum still shows irregularities around 4750 Hz and at the lower frequencies. As the valve unchokes and is opened farther the local velocities decrease and the valve disc presents smaller blockage to the acoustic waves. As a result, the differences between the upstream and downstream spectra become less as shown in figure 9(c) for the valve disc at the 60 position. The spectra are also smoother; this should be expected because the disc as shown in figure l(d) now presents a more streamlined shape to the flow. Cross correlation of the two transducers located on the pipe wall upstream of the valve indicate that pressure signals at these locations are acoustic in nature. The signal that the transducers are receiving appears to be coming from the region of the valve disc that moved upstream when the valve is opened. This information was obtained from the phase angle existing between the two signals. The cross correlation of the downstream pair of pipe wall transducers yielded less clear results. Predicted OASPL

A prediction of the OASPL calculated over the frequency range 80 to 8000 The prediction was made using the method given in reference 13. The wall attenuation correction from reference 13 was not used because the measurement was made on the inside wall surface. The predicted value is given by the solid line. The dashed lines show the accuracy of the prediction; that is, the predicted value should be within +5 dB of the measured value. The symbols represent the OASPL measured at the downstream location in the duct just downstream of the valve disc, sensor number one. The data agrees very well with the prediction when the valve is choked. As the valve unchokes the prediction begins to over predict the valve noise and therefore one may conclude that the prediction may not be applied above the choke point.
Hz is shown in figure 10.

CONCLUDING REMARKS A 1.37 m butterfly valve installed in a vacuum line with inlet open to atmospheric pressure through a bellmouth inlet has been acoustically tested over a range of disc positions from fully closed to fully open. Flow rates, overall sound pressure and spectral data have been obtained. Acoustic data have been obtained both upstream and downstream of the valve in the adjacent piping. Apparent location of the upstream sound source has been determined. The following conclusions have been drawn with regard to the valve noise and its effect on acoustic tests in the tenth scale AWT model tests:
1. The upstream valve noise exceeds the 120 dB overall sound pressure level design goal placed on the AWT by 5 to 18 dB. 2. Butterfly valves may exhibit tones when operated near the closed position.

3. B u t t e r f l y valves have l o w frequency broad band n o i s e s i m i l a r t o j e t no1se. 4. The n o i s e downstream o f t h e v a l v e exceeds t h e upstream n o i s e over t h e range of choked v a l v e o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s by a p p r o x i m a t e l y 30 dB.

5. The n o i s e downstream o f a b u t t e r f l y v a l v e o p e r a t i n g i n a choked condit i o n can be a c c u r a t e l y p r e d i c t e d . However ift h e v a l v e unchokes t h e p r e d i c t e d OASPL w i l l be much h i g h e r t h a n t h e measured value.
REFERENCES 1. Reethof, G.: Turbulence-Generated Noise I n Pipe Flow. Annual Review o f F l u i d Mechanics, Vol. 10, M. Van Dyke, J.V. Wehausen and J.L. Lumley, eds.) Annual Reviews Inc., 1978, pp. 333-367.

2. Chow, G.C.; and Reethof, 6.: A Study O f Valve Noise Generation Processes For Compressible F l u i d s . ASME Paper 80-WA/NC-15, Nov. 1980. 3. Ng, Kam W.: Noise C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s O f C o n t r o l Valves. Noise-Con 79; Machinery Noise C o n t r o l , J.W. S u l l i v a n and M.J. Crocker, eds., Noise C o n t r o l Foundation, Poughkeepsie, NY, 1979, pp. 321-326. 4. O'keefe, W.: Valves. Power, v o l . 127, no. 2, Feb. 1983, pp. 51-548.

5. B u l l , M.K.;

and Norton, M.P.: P r o x i m i t y O f Coincidence And Acoustic . C u t - o f f Frequencies I n R e l a t i o n To Acoustic R a d i a t i o n From Pipes W i t h D i s t u r b e d I n t e r n a l T u r b u l e n t Flow. 3. Sound Vibr., v o l . 69, no. 1, Mar. 8, 1980, pp. 1-11.

6. Norton, M.P.; and B u l l , M.K.: Mechanisms O f The Generation O f E x t e r n a l Acoustic R a d i a t i o n From Pipes Due To I n t e r n a l Flow Disturbances. 3 . Sound Vibr., v o l 94, no. 1, May 8,1984, pp. 105-146. 7. Pechey, R.: B u t t e r f l y Teeth Cut C h a t t e r And Torque. (London), v o l . 62, no. 11 Nov. 1981, p.41. Process Eng. Process

8. Dannemann, W.: O n The A p p l i c a t i o n O f B u t t e r f l y Valves. Automation, (Germany), No. 1, 1981, pp. 28-35.

9. M i r i z z i , N.; S t e l l a , R.; and Marino, 0.: P r e d i c t i o n O f Noise Aerod y n a m i c a l l y Generated By C o n t r o l Valves. I S A Trans., v o l . 16, no.4 1977, pp. 19-22. 10. Hosier, R.N.; and Mayes, W.H.: P r e d i c t i o n O f I n t e r n a l And E x t e r n a l Noise F i e l d s For Blowdown Wind Tunnels. A I A A Paper 72-668, June 1972.
11. Koj, J.; Zaremba, M.; and Grzywnowicz, J.: I n t e r a c t i v e Choice O f F i n i t e C o n t r o l Elements. Pneumatic and H y d r a u l i c Components and Instruments i n Automatic Control, H.J. Leskiewicz and M. Zaremba, eds., Pergamon, 1981, pp. 235-240.

12. C o n t r o l Valve Noise Bulletin,TD 850-la. Division, F o r t Washington, Pa.

Honeywell Process C o n t r o l Fisher Controls,

13. Catalog 10; S i z i n g and S e l e c t i o n Data, Noise Abatement. 1986.

TABLE I .

OVERALL SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL dB r e f 20 pN/m2

Valve pos it i on , deg

Transducer number 2 -122 146 152 154 157 161 162 162 159 154 142 130 126 126 122 147 153 154 156 160 161 161 158 151 141 130 126 126
1

Microphone number 4 5 85 122 121 117 116 122 122 130 132 131 124 119 116 116 6 82 113 115 112 113 115 120 123 124 123 118 110 107 107

0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 87

--

115 115 140 137 137 137 127 127 126 125 129 128 132 132 137 136 139 138 137 137 133 133 129 129 128 128 128 129

ORIGINAL PAGE e 3

OF POOR QUALITY

( A ) SENSOR LOCATION,

(B) BELLMOUTH CONFIGURATION.

FIGURE

1.

- 1.37

METER BUTTERFLY VALVE AS I N S T A L L E D I N THE

8 X 6 SWT

PLENUM CHAMBER.

(C)

PLENUM CHAMBER.

(D) VALVE DISC

CONFIGURATION

AND PIPE

INTERNAL

FLOW PASSAGE.

FIGURE 1.

- CONCLUDED.

EXHAUSTER

____
6'
I ,

I
\ L ,

c -

, , ,

PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS

0.635 CM MICROPHONES

J' @ @

I '

00

FIGURE 2.- ACOUSTIC INSTRUENTATION LOCATION RELATIVE TO VALVE LOCATION. DIDENSIONS I N PIPE D I M E R S , PIPE DIPETER EQUALS 1.37 E T E R , DIMENSIONS NOT TO SCALE.

145.23

127.02

108.82

90.72

20

40 60 VALVE ANGULAR POSITION,

80
DEG

100

FIGURE 3.- VARIATION OF VALVE MASS FLOW RATE WITH VALVE ANGULAR POSITION.

180

0 DOWNSTREAM # 1 0 UPSTREAM #4
160
TAILED SYMBOLS INDICATE TONE DOMINATED SPECTRA

140

120

DESIGN POINT (GOAL )

100

20

40 50 VALVE POSITION. DEG

80

100

FIGURE 4.- OASPL AS A FUNCTION OF VALVE POSITION.

0 DIMNSTREM #1 0 UPSTREM #4

CHOKED

UNCHOKED-

20

40 60 V A L E POSITION, DEG

80

100

FIGURE 5 . - SPL AT A FREQUENCY OF 1000 HZ AS A FUNCTION OF VALVE POSITION.

NIC
NUNBER

AXIAL DISTANCE,
FT

1
9

0 4

WALL ROUNTED

80 0 20

40 60 VALVE POSITION. M G

80

100

FIGURE 6.- OVERALL SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL AS A FUNCTION OF VALVE POSITION.

140 --

VALVE POSIT1ON

NUMBER

130 --

0 15' 0 25'

4 4

30'

(A) UPSTREAH.
VALVE POSITION . SENSOR NUNBER 1

c)

0 15' 0 25'

% l140 5 O I

130 .05

.08 .125 .200 .315 .500 .800 1.25 2 . 0 0 3 . 1 5 5 . 0 0 8.0 FREQUENCY. KHz

12.5 2 0 . 0

(B) DOWNSTREAM.
FIGURE 7. - WALL MOUNTED PRESSURE TRANSDUCER, 1-THIRD OCTAVE SPECTRUR.

I a
0

VALVE POSITION

RIC NUPIBER
5

0 15'

120

ci

e
U m

80

. I 2 5 .200 .315 .500 .800 1.25 2.00 3 . 1 5 5 . 0 0 8.0 1 2 . 5 2 0 . 0 FREQUENCY. KHz THE FIGURE 8.- 1-THIRD OCTAVE ACOUSTIC PRESSURE SPECTRA UPSTREAH BELL HOUTH. . 0 5 .08

DOWNSTREAM TRANSDUCER NO. 1

UPSTREAM TRANSDUCER NO. 1

a 140 a a
(Y

DOWNSTREAM TRANSDUCER NO. 1

120

a K

;80
0 K

=
60

UPSTREAM TRANSDUCER NO. 4

",

(B) VALVE CHOKED AT 30

DEG

POSITION.

140

80-

I
60
0

UPSTREAM TRANSDIJCER NO. 4

10
DEG

12

14

16

17

FREQUENCY, KHz

(C) VALVE UNCHOKED AT 60

VALVE POSITION.

FIGURE 9.- 1.37 E T E R BUTTERFLY VALVE NOISE TEST. NARROWBAND SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL SPECTRA, 40 Hz BAND WIDTH.

DATA SENSOR NO. 1 80 THROUGH 8000 Hz PREDICTION - REFERENCE 13 PREDICTION ACCURACY L I M I T f 5 BA

160

a 1
0 N

e 150

L c3

5: 130

C H O K E D

-+

u w c m :

9 0

1. Report No.

2. Government Accession No.

3. Recipient's Catalog No.

NASA TM-88971
4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date

Noise GeneTated by flow Through Large Butterfly Valves

7. Author@)

January 1987
6. Performing Organization Code

505-62-3A
8. Performing Organization Report No.

Ronald 6. Huff

E-3336
10. Work Unit No.

9. Performing Organization Name and Address

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135
12.Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

I
I

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

Technical Memorandum

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, D.C. 20546

IS. Supplementary Notes

1
14. Sponsoring Agency Code

16.Abstract

A large butterfly valve (1.37 m diam) was acoustically tested to measure the noise generated and propagating in both the upstream and downstream directions. The experimental investigation used wall mounted pressure transducers to measure the fluctuating component of the pipe static pressure upstream and downstream of the valve. Microphones upstream of the pipe inlet and located in a plenum were used to measure the noise radiated f r o m t h e valve in the upstream direction. Comparison of the wall pressure downstream of the valve to a prediction were made. Reasonable agreement was obtained with the valve operating at a choked condition. The noise upstream of the valve i s 30 dB less than that measured downstream.

7. Key Slc:ds :Sugges!ed by Author@))

?8. L?!str!bu!!on Statemen!

Noise; Valve; Butterfly valve; Wind tunnel; Model wind tunnel; Internal flow noise; Control valve noise
9. Security Ciassif. (of this report)

Unclassified - unlimited STAR Category 71

Unc lass1 f i ed
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2 0 .Security Ciosslf. (of this pa e)

Unc 1 ass i t i ed
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21. No. of pages

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22. Price'

'For sale by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161