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The United Nations Office at Geneva (Switzerland) is the second biggest UN centre, after the United Nations Headquarters (New York).

Structure of the United Nations. The United Nations System consists of the United Nations, its subsidiary organs (including the separatelyadministered funds and programmes), the specialized agencies, and affiliated organizations. The executive heads of some of the United Nations System organizations and the World Trade Organization, which is not [1][2][3] formally part of the United Nations System, have seats on the United Nations System Chief Executives' [4] Board for Coordination (CEB). This body, chaired by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, meets twice a year to co-ordinate the work of the organizations of the United Nations System. The United Nations System includes the United Nations and its subsidiary bodies (such as the separatelyadministered funds and programmes, research and training institutes, and other subsidiary entities), [5][6] specialized agencies, and affiliated organizations. Some of the organizations of the United Nations System predate the founding of the United Nations in 1945 and were inherited after the dissolution of the League of Nations. Contents [hide] 1 United Nations o 1.1 General Assembly o 1.2 Security Council o 1.3 Economic and Social Council o 1.4 Secretariat o 1.5 International Court of Justice o 1.6 Trusteeship Council 2 Funds and programmes, research and training institutes, and other bodies o 2.1 Funds and programmes o 2.2 Research and training institutes o 2.3 Secretariats of Conventions o 2.4 Other entities 3 Specialized agencies 4 Related organizations 5 Chief Executives Board and Senior Management Group

6 United Nations common system 7 See also 8 References 9 External links United Nations[edit] Main article: United Nations The principal organ of the UN System was the United Nations itself, and consists of six principal organs established by the Charter of the United Nations. [7] Principal organs of the United Nations V T E UN General Assembly - Deliberative assembly of all UN member states UN Secretariat - Administrative organ of the UN -

may resolve non-compulsory recommendations to states or suggestions to the UNSC decides on the admission of new members, following proposal by the UNSC adopts the budget elects the non-permanent members of the UNSC, all members of ECOSOC, the UN Secretary General following proposal by the UNSC, and the 15 judges of the ICJ Each country has one vote. UN Security Council - For international security issues -

supports the other UN bodiesadministratively, e.g., in the organization of conferences, writing reports and studies, and the preparation of the budget-plan Its chairperson the UN Secretary General is elected by the General Assembly for a five-year mandate and is the most important representative of the UN.

UN Economic and Social Council - For global economical and social affairs -

responsible for the maintenance ofinternational peace and security may adopt compulsory resolutions has 15 members: five permanent memberswith veto power and ten elected members

responsible for co-operation between states on economic and social fields co-ordinates co-operation between the numerous specialized agencies of the United Nations has 54 members, who are elected by the General Assembly to serve staggered three-year mandates

General Assembly[edit] Main article: United Nations General Assembly

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA/GA) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation. Its powers are to oversee the budget of the United Nations, appoint the non-permanent members to the Security Council, receive reports from other [8] parts of the United Nations and make recommendations in the form of General Assembly Resolutions. It has [9] also established a wide number of subsidiary organs. Security Council[edit] Main article: United Nations Security Council The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the principal organs of the United Nations and is charged with the maintenance of international peace and security. Its powers, outlined in the United Nations Charter, include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international sanctions, and the authorization of military action. Its powers are exercised through United Nations Security Council resolutions. The Security Council held its first session on 17 January 1946 at Church House, Westminster, London. Since its first meeting, the Council, which exists in continuous session, has travelled widely, holding meetings in many cities, such as Paris and Addis Ababa, as well as at its current permanent home at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. There are 15 members of the Security Council, consisting of five veto-wielding permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and 10 elected non-permanent members with twoyear terms. This basic structure is set out in Chapter V of the UN Charter. Security Council members must always be present at UN headquarters in New York so that the Security Council can meet at any time. This requirement of the United Nations Charter was adopted to address a weakness of the League of Nations since that organization was often unable to respond quickly to a crisis. Economic and Social Council[edit] Main article: United Nations Economic and Social Council The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) constitutes one of the six principal organs (one is not active, as of 2011) of the United Nations. It is responsible for co-ordinating the economic, social and related work of 14 UN specialized agencies, their functional commissions and five regional commissions. ECOSOC has 54 members; it holds a four-week session each year in July. Since 1998, it has also held a meeting each April with finance ministers heading key committees of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The ECOSOC serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues, [10] and for formulating policy recommendations addressed to member states and the United Nations System. Secretariat[edit] Main article: United Nations Secretariat The United Nations Secretariat is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and it is headed by the United Nations Secretary-General, assisted by a staff of international civil servants worldwide. It provides studies, information, and facilities needed by United Nations bodies for their meetings. It also carries out tasks as directed by the UN Security Council, the UN General Assembly, the UN Economic and Social Council, and other U.N. bodies. The United Nations Charter provides that the staff be chosen by application of the "highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity," with due regard for the importance of recruiting on a wide geographical basis. The Charter provides that the staff shall not seek or receive instructions from any authority other than the UN. Each UN member country is enjoined to respect the international character of the Secretariat and not seek to influence its staff. The Secretary-General alone is responsible for staff selection. International Court of Justice[edit] Main article: International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Its main functions are to settle legal disputes submitted to it by states and to provide advisory opinions on legal questions submitted to it by duly authorized international organs, agencies, and the UN General Assembly. Trusteeship Council[edit] Main article: United Nations Trusteeship Council The United Nations Trusteeship Council, one of the principal organs of the United Nations, was established to help ensure that trust territories were administered in the best interests of their inhabitants and of international peace and security. The trust territoriesmost of them former mandates of the League of Nations or territories taken from nations defeated at the end of World War IIhave all now attained selfgovernment or independence, either as separate nations or by joining neighbouring independent countries. The last was Palau, formerly part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, which became a member state of the United Nations in December 1994. Funds and programmes, research and training institutes, and other bodies[edit]

The separately-administered funds and programmes, research and training institutes, and other subsidiary [6] bodies are autonomous subsidiary organs of the United Nations. Funds and programmes[edit] Throughout its history the United Nations General Assembly has established a number of programmes and funds to address particular humanitarian and development concerns. These bodies usually report to the General Assembly through an executive board. Only one UN programme has ever closed in the history of the organization, the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), which ceased to exist in 1959 and was subsequently replaced by the UNHCR. Each of the funds and programmes is headed by an Executive Director at the Under-Secretary-General level and is governed by an Executive Board. One former fund, the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), was merged with other elements of the United Nations System into a new organization, UN Women, in January 2011. International Trade Centre (ITC) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (HCR) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) United Nations Volunteers (UNV) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) World Food Programme (WFP) Programmes and funds of the United Nations No Acronym . s Establishe d

Agency

Headquarters

Head

Comment

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme United Nations Children's Fund United Nations Capital Development Fund World Food Programme United Nations Environment Programme

New York,USA

Helen 1965 Clark

UNICEF

New York,USA

Anthony Lake

1946

UNCDF

New York,USA

Marc 1966 Bichler

Affiliated with the UNDP

WFP

Rome,Italy

Ertharin Cousin

1963

UNEP

Nairobi,Kenya

Achi m Steiner

1972

UNIFEM

United Nations Development Fund for Women United Nations High Commissione r for Refugees Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS United Nations Population Fund

New York,USA

Ins Alberdi

1976

Merged with UN Women in 2011

UNHCR

Geneva,Switzerland

Antnio Guterres

1951

UNAIDS

Geneva,Switzerland

Mich 1951 el Sidib

Joint programme

UNFPA

New York,USA

Babatunde Osotimehi 1969 n

United Nations UN10 Human HABITAT Settlements Programme United Nations Volunteers

Nairobi,Kenya

Joan Clos

1978

11 UNV

Bonn,Germany

Richard Dictus

1978

Administere d by UNDP

12 UNRWA

United Nations Relief and Works Gaza,Palestine and Agency for dan Palestine Refugees in the Near East

Amman,Jor

Filipp 1949 o Grandi

United Nations Entity for UN Gender 13 WOMEN Equality and the Empowerme nt of Women

New York,USA

Michelle Bachelet

2010

Created by the merger of the Division for the Advanceme nt of Women (DAW), the Internationa l Research and Training Institute for the Advanceme nt of Women

(INSTRAW), the Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and Advanceme nt of Women (OSAGI) and the United Nations Developmen t Fund for Women (UNIFEM) Research and training institutes[edit] The various research and training institutes were established by the General Assembly to perform independent research and training. One former institute, the International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women (INSTRAW), was merged with other elements of the United Nations System into a new organization, UN Women, in January 2011. United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) Secretariats of Conventions[edit] Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities UNCCD - United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNCLOS - United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea established bodies: ISA International Seabed Authority ITLOS International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Other entities[edit] Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) United Nations System Staff College (UNSSC) United Nations University (UNU) Specialized agencies[edit] Main article: List of specialized agencies of the United Nations The specialized agencies are autonomous organizations working with the United Nations and each other through the co-ordinating machinery of the Economic and Social Council. Each was integrated into the UN [4] System by way of an agreement with the UN under UN Charter article 57. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) International Labour Organization (ILO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Telecommunication Union (ITU) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Universal Postal Union (UPU) World Bank Group International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD)

 International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) International Development Association (IDA) International Finance Corporation (IFC) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) World Health Organization (WHO) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) International Refugee Organization (IRO); ceased to exist in 1952 Related organizations[edit] Some organizations have a relationship with the UN defined by an arrangement different from the agreements between the specialized agencies and the UN, which are establish under Articles 57 and 63 of the United [11][12][13][14][15][16] Nations Charter. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission (CTBTO PrepCom) The CTBTO PrepCom reports directly to the UN General Assembly. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
[12]

The relationship between the IAEA and the UN was established by a resolution of the UN General Assembly. Unlike the specialized agencies which report to ECOSOC, the IAEA reports directly to the General Assembly as [4] well as the Security Council and ECOSOC. Like the other specialized agency's heads, their executives are part [4] of the United Nations System Chief Executives' Board for Coordination (CEB). Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) The OPCW is not an agency of the United Nations, but cooperates both on policy and practical issues. On 7 September 2000 the OPCW and the United Nations signed a co-operation agreement outlining how they were [17] [12] to co-ordinate their activities. Under this agreement, the OPCW reports to the UN General Assembly. World Trade Organization (WTO) The WTO does not have a formal agreement with the UN. Instead, their relationship is governed by an exchanges of letters. Unlike the specialized agencies and the IAEA, the WTO has no reporting obligations towards any of the principal organs of the UN, but provides ad-hoc contribution to the work of the General [13] [4] Assembly and ECOSOC. The WTO has a seat on the CEB. Chief Executives Board and Senior Management Group[edit] The United Nations Chief Executives' Board for Coordination (CEB) brings together on a regular basis the executive heads of the organizations of the United Nations System, under the chairmanship of the SecretaryGeneral of the UN. The CEB aims to further co-ordination and co-operation on a whole range of substantive and management issues facing UN System organizations. In addition to its regular reviews of contemporary political issues and major concerns facing the UN System, the CEB approves policy statements on behalf of the UN System as a whole. Three committees report to the CEB, namely the High-level Committee on Programme (HCLP), the High-level Committee on Management (HCLM) and the UN Development Group (UNDG). Each of those bodies has, in turn, developed a subsidiary machinery of regular and ad hoc bodies on the substantive and managerial aspects of inter-agency co-ordination. The committee structure is supported by a CEB [18] secretariat located in New York and Geneva. There is also a Senior Management Group, composed of some of the senior officials in the Secretariat and the funds and programmes at the Under-Secretary-General and Assistant Secretary-General rank, which serves as [19] the cabinet of the Secretary-General. United Nations common system[edit] The United Nations, its subsidiary bodies, thirteen of the specialized agencies (ILO, FAO, UNESCO, WHO, ICAO, UPU, ITU, WMO, IMO, WIPO, IFAD, UNDIO, and UNWTO), and one related body (IAEA) are part of the United Nations common system of salaries, allowances, and benefits administered by the International Civil Service Commission. Most, but not all, of the members of the United Nations System are part of the common system; the Bretton Woods institutions (i.e. the World Bank Group and the IMF) are notable exceptions. The WTO utilizes the OECD common system. The UN common system was established to prevent competition amongst organizations of the United Nations System for staff and to facilitate co-operation and exchange between [20] organizations. Some international organizations that are not part of the United Nations System (and therefore not members of the common system) but who voluntarily follow the policies of the common system in whole or in part include: International Organization for Migration (IOM) [22] Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
[21]

 Organization of American States (OAS) See also[edit]

[23]

Outline of the United Nations List of United Nations organizations by location United Nations Member States League of Nations for a rudimentary model on which the UN System is based. Vienna formula References[edit] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. Jump up^ "NGLS Handbook". United Nations Non-Governmental Liaison Service. Retrieved 28 January 2013. "The World Trade Organization (WTO) is not officially a part of the UN system ..." Jump up^ "UN System of Organizations". United Nations Global Marketplace. Retrieved 28 January 2013. "... the World Trade Organization, which is not part of the UN system." Jump up^ "How to do business with the United Nations". Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2003. Retrieved 28 January 2013. "... the World Trade Organization, which is not part of the UN system." abcde ^ Jump up to: "The UN System, Chief Executives Board for Coordination". Unsceb.org. Retrieved 22 January 2013. Jump up^ "United Nations System". UNESCO. Retrieved 11 August 2013. ab ^ Jump up to: "Structure and Organization". Un.org. Retrieved 22 January 2013. Jump up^ "UN Charter: Chapter III". United Nations. Retrieved 24 March 2008. Jump up^ CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS: Chapter IV. UN.org. Jump up^ General Assembly: Subsidiary organs. UN.org. Jump up^ "Background Information". UN Economic and Social Council. Jump up^ United Nations System of Organizations: "Entries listed in bold are members of the United Nations System's Chief Executives Board". abc ^ Jump up to: The United Nations System chart, Published by the United Nations Department of Public Information, December 2007 ab ^ Jump up to: The United Nations System chart, Published by the United Nations Department of Public Information, October 2011 Jump up^ List of Agreements between Specialized Agencies and the United Nations Jump up^ UN Structure and Organization Jump up^ Organizational Chart of the UN System and the CEB Jump up^ United Nations General Assembly Resolution session 55 (retrieved 21 August 2007) Jump up^ "Chief Executives Board". Unsceb.org. 31 December 2007. Retrieved 22 January 2013. [dead link] Jump up^ [1] Jump up^ "Welcome to the International Civil Service Commission". Icsc.un.org. Retrieved 22 January 2013. Jump up^ Staffing principles of IOM http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/about-iom/recruitment/staffingprinciples-of-IOM Jump up^ OSCE General conditions of employmenthttp://www.osce.org/employment/18 Jump up^ Article 40 of the General Standards to govern the operations of the General Secretariat