ShamanlsL 8lLual lorms

rlLual performance - !"#

Lakes place ln Lhe %&'&()
'ungmul kuL
lnLanglble AsseL # 11
Mudang kuL
lor ma[or vlllage celebrauons or
ceremonles, led by muslclans
lor household, memorlal, or
vlllage rlLuals, led by shamans
Shamans: Creaung unlversal Parmony
MalnLalnlng a balance beLween Peaven - LarLh - Pumans

uevelop harmonlous relauonshlps beLween people, naLure, and Lhe splrlLs
Chlndo lsland
Shaman Cleanslng 8lLual
Chlndo Sslklm-kuL
lnLanglble CulLural AsseL # 72
Shaman kuL 8lLual
Chlndo Sslkklm-kuL
Chae Ch!ng-nye, Shaman (Langgol)
PeredlLary
shaman
Langgol Ch'ae
Chng-nye
(born 192S)
Chlndo lsland,
!une, 2011
Cultural Continuity Case Study
Chindo Ssikkim-Kut - Intangible Cultural Property # 72


8asls of deslgnauon
lnLegrlLy as a rellglous rlLual (cleanslng rlLual, sendlng recenLly deceased
Lo Lhe nexL world)
Arnsnc and mus|ca| matur|ty

Crlglnal conLexL - rellglous ceremony
nered|tary fema|e shamans: !"#$$%&
SplrlL-appolnLed shamans: !&()*+(%"

CulLural Currency (beyond local conLexL)
reservauon: lnLanglble CulLural roperLy #72
korean nauonal ldenuLy
lnLernauonal (world muslc) markeLablllLy

Celebrauon or AnxleLy? (nexL sllde)

SLaged Chlndo Sslkklm-kuL
Chlndo Sslkklm-kuL as sLaged folklorlc performance
CLLL88A1lCn C8 AnxlL1??
1he luLure of Chlndo sslkklm-kuL - lnLanglble CulLural 1reasure # 72
Ch'ae Chng-nye leadlng rlLual !une, 2011
hup://www.youLube.com/waLch?v=fCeCCL-b-Lu
hup://www.youLube.com/waLch?v=73!vCfC0LzC&feaLure=relaLed
A sLaged splrlL-
descended kuL
lolk Muslc Slnawl
Crlglns ln shaman rlLual, as lnLerludes, and someumes
wlLh vocables
SLaged concerL performance, assoclaLed wlLh
professlonal urban muslclans
unlque form of polyphonlc LexLure resulung from
layers of quasl-lndependenL melodlc moufs
SeL wlLh ln modal framework and rhyLhmlc pauerns

lmprovlsauon and exlblllLy valued hlghly, no
performance ls Lhe same
Slnawl
erformances
ConcerL slnawl
WesLernlzed verslon of Slnawl
Paegum slnawl
luslon slnawl
(klm uuk Soo, eLc).
LlemenLs of lolkMuslc
Mode and 8hyLhm ln lolk Muslc
Mode or Me|od|c type - '%
MosL classlcal and folk muslc ls based
on anhem|onc (wlLhouL half sLeps)
pentaton|c (3 maln plLches) scales
Io |s more than a set of p|tches, lL
also lncludes mood, slnglng sLyle,
ornamenLauon characLerlsuc
lmprovlsauon
3 pr|mary modes, mosL common
mode for pansorl ls ,-.%-./(01/2 also
used ln san[o
Lach mode has un|que character|sncs
khythm|c pauerns -
)*"#$+"# ('long and shorL) or ,"-".
('sLrand' or 'phrase')
Changdans ||nked together form a k|nd
of structura| framework ln folk muslc.

ln san[o (wlLh lLs 'scauered melodles'),
Lhe concepL of changdan |s one of the
most |mportant organ|zanona|
prlnclples.

Changdans are d|snngu|shed by tempo,
meter ("rhythm|c group|ng), and
pauerns of accented]unaccented beats
urum player uses |mprov|sanon Lo
lnLeracL wlLh sololsL
1ransm|ued ora||y (drum stroke
sy||ab|es) and spec|a| notanon
Slnawl changdan ln 12/8
1hree rlmary Modes
A closer look aL Cyemyeon[o

kkeokueunum ('falllng' or 'breaklng Lone' can be as much as a Lhlrd hlgher
(from a Lo b aL or as much as c)
cenLral Lone*,
very llule
decorauon


'Lrembllng Lone' -
reLurns Lo cenLral
Lone
'falllng Lone'
- leads back
Lo cenLral
can be used Lo
modulaLe Lo
anoLher mode
3.4/'+.* &5. +( 5.6.5.(7. #/ 7.(#5&4 #/(.8 &4+)(%.(# /6 7.(#5&4 #/(. 9+#: #.;# '.4+(.&#.* <:5&*+()8 /=.5&44 6/5% +*
>?&)).' @- 5.#"5( #/ 7.(#5&4 #/(.A
Shaman Song (CuLgeorl)
?uk[abaekl
.
changdans
/ /
Long Lak Lak La
/ o / // o o / o o
Long Lak kung Lak kl Lak
Lak
kung kung Lak kung kung
/ o / / o o / o o
Long Lak kung Lak Lak kung kung Lak kung kung
/ o / o / o /
Long Lak kung La La Lak kung Lak kung Lak
o o / o
Long kung kung Lak kung
/ / o / o
Long Lak Lak kung Lak kung
Chlnyango[o - slow
Chungmorl - moderaLely slow
Chung[ungmorl - moderaLe
CuLgorl - moderaLely fasL
Cha[lnmorl - fasL
Pwlmorl - fasL (duple)
AesLheuc Cuallues of San[o, Lhe
'ArL Muslc' of lolk Muslc
San[o ('scauered melodles') Lhe ower of folk lnsLrumenLal muslc" comblnes aesLheucs of *+(&9+
(lmprovlsauonal shaman muslc, <&(*/5+ (narrauve vocal pleces), and <"()(-" (llLerau). Lmerged ln laLe
!oeson perlod, a symbol of more permeable soclal boundarles.
B+% - unlversal vlLallLy
C+)+%*&. - fermenung, avorful
B&( - profound sadness (folk)
3/# - magneusm, auracuon (folk)
San[o
lolk Muslc
Lxper|enc|ng San[o (scauered melodles")

SLL CuCAk uvu lC8 vluLC LxAMLLS Cl SAn!C
Cayageum
San[o, for Lhree
changdan
komungo
Sango, for Lhree
changdan
Gayageum San[o |n $/01/0%#2% mode

00:00 - 0:SS 12 cycles of 7:"()%/5+ changdan (moderaLely slow)
Melody sLarLs ln lower reglsLer and moves lnLo Lhe hlgher reglsLers and bullds melodlc and
rhyLhmlc Lenslon around 0:38, before nally comlng back sLrong on Lhe lasL phrase

00:S6 - 2:11 21 cycles of )"#)/5+ (fasLer)
Melody explores a Lransposluon of Lhe same mode a 4
Lh
hlgher aL abouL 1:40

2:12 - end 13 cycles of 7:&1+(%/5+ before fade-ouL (fasLer)

komungo San[o |n $/01/0%#2% mode

00:00 - 2:41 14 cycles of 7:+(-&()1/ D*4/9E

2:42 - 4:S3 14 cycles of 7:"()%/5+ D6&*#.5E

4:S4 - end approxlmaLely 3 cycles before fade-ouL (fasLer