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SPECIAL SPECIFICTIONS

(part I ) RECOMMENDED LIMITS FOR AGGREGATES USED FOR ALL CONCRETE WORKS
AGGREGATES USED IN ALL CONCRETE WORKS SHALL COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE FOLLOWING RECCOMENDED LIMITS. A Physical and mechanical properties testing. (TABLE -1) B Contamination and reactivity testing. (TABLE 2) C Total chloride and sulphate content in concrete. (TABLE -3) D Size and gradings of aggregates. (TABLE -4) E For more information refer to C.I.R.A Guide. TABLE ( 1 ) Recommended limits for the Physical and mechanical properties of aggregates
Recommended maximum limit (%by weight) Ranges of sizes in table (4) Sieve analysis (Bs 812) Bs 812-106 (Bs 812)-105.2,105.1

Property (and standard which Method of test (and standard describes it) which describes it) Grading (BS 882) shell content Shape

Max. 10% of fine aggregate by weight Elongation index Flakiness index 25% max. 25% max.

(Relative density)

Weighing in air and in water (BS Not less than 2.5 812)-1995 Weighing dry and saturated (BS Coarse Agg.sand 2.5 % max. 812) Sulphate resistance (ASTM C-88) Loss after 5 cycles in sulphate solution with (BS 812-121) MGSO4 15% max. Na3SO4 10% max. (BRE Digest (New Series) 35) 10 % fines value (BS 812-111) los Angeles abrasion test (ASTM C-131 or C-535) Shrinkage 0.05% max.

Water absorption Soundness

Drying shrinkage Mechanical properties

For wearing surfaces 100 kN min. Elsewhere 75 kN min. For wearing surfaces 25% max. Elsewhere 30% max.

SPECIAL SPECIFICTIONS

TABLE ( 2 )

Recommended limits for Contamination and reactivity of aggregates.


Method of test (and standard which describes it) Wet sieving through a 75 - m sieve (BS 812) Recommended maximum limit (% by weight) Coarse aggregates : Natural or crushed gravel Crushed rock Fine aggregates : Natural sand or crushed gravel Crushed rock Coarse aggregate Fine aggregate

Type of contamination or reactivity ( and standard which describes it) Clay, silt and dust (BS 882, ASTM C-33)

1% 3% 3% 5% 2% 1%

Clay lumps (ASTM C-33) Organic impurities

(ASTM C-142)

Comparative setting time and compressive strength Analysis following acid Extraction (BS 812 part 117) Analysis following acid Extraction (BS 812 part 118) (ASTM C-227 and C-289) Coarse aggregates Fine aggregate

* * 0.03 % 0.06 % 0.4 %

Chlorides as Cl

Sulphates as SO3

Coarse or fine aggregates

Potential alkali Reactivity

Potentially reactive material max.

0.5%

- Subject to the total chlorides in mix not exceeding the value given in Table. Subject to the total Sulphates in the mix not exceeding the value given in Table

* * Comparison of setting times and 3- day compressive strengths shows whether a harmful organic content is present. Time for the concrete to harden should not differ by more than 30 min, and strength should not be reduced by more than 5%.

SPECIAL SPECIFICTIONS

TABLE ( 3 )

Recommended limits for The total chloride and sulphate content in concrete
Max. Sulphate (SO3) Content (% by weight of cement)

Max. chloride (Cl) Content (% by weight of cement) Reinforced concrete made 0.15 with Portland cements containing less than about 4 % C3A (e.g. sulphate-resisting Portland cement)

Type of concrete

Reinforced concrete made 0.30 with Portland cements containing 4 % or more C3A (OPC and ASTM type I and II usually contain more than 4 % C3A)

All case 4.0, including the sulphate ion in the cement

Unreinforced concrete

0.60

TABLE ( 4 )
Description Single aggregate sized

Sizes and gradings of aggregates


Grading Normally not more than about 10% of aggregate should be retained on the maximum size of sieve, and not more than about 20 % should pass through the minimum size of sieve. An aggregate with a maximum size of 14 mm is also used, mainly for precast work.

Size (mm) coarse 63 to 40 40 to 20 20 to 10 10 to 5

Fine aggregate

5 down

Normally not more than 10 % should be retained on a 5-mm sieve, and preferably not more than 10 % should pass a 150 m sieve

Note: Where the fine aggregates are predominantly of one size (e.g. dune and beach sands). It may be desirable to blend sands from different sources to obtain an acceptable grading, provided this does not introduce contamination.

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