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MICROELECTRONICS LAB
Eng. Mona ElGuindy Dr. Ahmed Madian
AGENDA
Combinational MOS Logic Circuits Stick Diagrams CMOS Layout Layout Rules LEDIT
E=((A.B)+(C.D))
STICK DIAGRAMS
Stick diagrams convey layer information into color code How to draw a stick diagram?
Start
by drawing two long horizontal lines representing P and N diffusion used to make the transistor
Then,
Draw a vertical line for each input, these vertical lines should cross the horizontal lines. Now, we have a transistor.
We will start by drawing the two horizontal lines (N and P diffusion) ,then, we will draw the vertical line, one for each input (we have one input Vin). We will now have one PMOS transistors and one NMOS transistor.
Looking to NMOS connections, we can see that the transistor is connected to the ground from one side and Vout on the other side.
For the PMOS, the drain of the PMOS is connected to the drain of NMOS , both are connected to Vout , while its source is connected to connected to VDD.
Similarly, We will start by drawing the two horizontal lines (N and P diffusion) ,then, we will draw the vertical line, one for each input (we have two inputs A and B). We will now have two PMOS transistors and two NMOS transistors
Looking to NMOS connections, we can see that both transistors are connected to the ground on one side and Vout on the other side.
For the PMOS, the drain of input A is connected to Vout from one side while its source is connected to input B. Finally input B is connected to VDD.
CMOS LAYOUT
Creating a layout is very similar to stick diagrams. The difference is that a layout is a thick stick diagram. The diffusions (P and N), the poly used for the gate, and the metals used for interconnections all have a specific width.
The design rules are the interface between design and process engineers. Guidelines for constructing process masks Design rules must be respected by the designer Design rules reflect the limit of a process, where they describe
Minimum
Metal1
Metal2 Contact To Poly Contact To Diffusion Via
LAYOUT RULES
P-substrate nWell Active Poly P select N select Active contact Poly contact Metal 1 Via Metal 2
LAYOUT RULES
Layer Well Poly Type of Rule Minimum width Minimum width Minimum spacing Active Minimum width Minimum spacing N select Minimum width Minimum spacing Metal 1 Minimum width Minimum spacing Metal 2 Minimum width Minimum spacing Value 12 2 2 3 3 3
Layer X Layer X Minimum spacing Minimum Width
3 3 3 3 4
LAYOUT RULES
Value 2 1
Active Contact
Active contact Poly Contact
Exact size
Minimum space to active edge Exact Size
2 * 2
2 2 * 2
Poly Contact
L-EDIT TOOL
CMOS LAYOUT
Develop a suitable layout with 0.25m technology using the following aspect ratios: (W/L)N = 1m/0.5m and (W/L)P = 2m/0.5m
CMOS LAYOUT
We first start by drawing the active (n+, p+) As we need to have a PMOS with w=2u and we are working with an 0.25m, therefore, the p+ region has to be 8
CMOS LAYOUT
CMOS LAYOUT
CMOS LAYOUT
CMOS LAYOUT
CMOS LAYOUT
SOME NOTES
The contact for the gate is a poly contact not an active contact. The intersection between the active (n+, or p+) is very important as it controls the channel width and length and has to be very accurate. You can check for your layout using the DRC(Design rules check ) icon present in the toolbar. The extraction is done through the extraction icon
THANKYOU