SYNOPSIS

A comparative study of Stress Management Among Male & Female Employee in an Industrial Organization

(A Study of 70-80 Employees in Alembic Vadodara)

TO BE SUBMITTED TO INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY FOR AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MS-100)

BY: Dhruti Shah ENROLMENT NO: XXXXXXXXX STUDY CENTRE: 0902 REGIONAL CENTRE: 09

GUIDE:

INDEX
1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction Introduction of organization Rational of the study Objective of the study Research methodology Limitation

2. Introduction of the Organization

.: ALEMBIC LIMITED - 100 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE IN HEALTHCARE!

ISO-9002 and ISO-14001 certified Asia's most respected integrated pharmaceutical company with manufacturing practices and facilities that conform to WHO-GMP guidelines, Alembic is in the business of improving the quality of life and healthcare in over 75 countries around the world. Alembic at a Glance Everything we do at Alembic revolves around extending and improving the quality of life with products that span the entire lifecycle. As an integrated pharmaceutical company we share collaborative & symbiotic relationships with preferred business partners, all of whom reflect our business ethics, trust & transparency and quality standards. Our Mission We always intended to give access to the best healthcare products at affordable price to everyone, anywhere in the world.

Commitment to Health Alembic started in 1907 & now it is Asia's most respected integrated pharmaceutical company with manufacturing facilities in Baroda and Baddi, India with R&D facilities spearheading landmark research in the areas of Chemistry, Microbiology, Pharmaceutical Technology. and Bio-Equivalence. Needless to say, Alembic has a turnover and growth rate that takes it into the top bracket of Indian pharmaceutical companies with a series of brands among the top five in their respective categories. Alembic is a certified ISO-9002 ,ISO-14001 and ISO 27001 company with manufacturing practices and facilities that conform to WHO-GMP guidelines ensuing that every Alembic product meets the most stringent quality standards. No wonder, then, Alembic can be found improving the quality of life in over 75 countries around the world. Alembic is spreading its wings now to regulatory markets both in respect of API and Formulation . Commitment to Life We are committed to make the world a better place to live in and we strive to achieve this goal through our educational, environmental and personal healthcare programs. Environment We consider the protection of the environment as our direct responsibility and all our processes and technologies incorporate this feature. A clean and a green environment is an absolute necessity and we ensure this by using state-of-the-art Effluent Treatment Plant for all the waste generated. Our sprawling green campus houses a large percentage of our employees. We actively support and fund various environmental organizations in their crusade to make this place a better world to live in. Healthcare We have promoted the Bhailal Amin Trust that manages one of the most successful hospitals in the state of Gujarat, India. The high level of services and procedures available here remain unparalleled anywhere in the state. Education Education is the cradle of a successful developing nation and we are committed to it by managing an educational trust. .: MILESTONES

Alembic has been building high standards in the Indian pharmaceutical industry for almost a hundred years. Please travel with us through the years... From : 1990 TO 2004 Received First Chemexcil Award Roxythromycin Bulk Production Commercialized Azithromycin Bulk Production Commercialized Clarithromycin Bulk Production Commercialized Launched Roxid Liquid- The first of its kind in the world 1997 Set up a new Facility for Synthetic Organic API's. Received award for "Excellence in Environment Preservation and Pollution Control" by the Federation of Gujarat Industries (FGI) Achieved ISO 14001 Certification for its Manufacturing Facility in Baroda. Shri Suresh Prabhu Union Minister For chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI inaugurates the Cephalsoporin-C Facility by. Launched the Generic Division. Launched Azithral Liquid- The first of its kind in the world Achieved ISO 9002 Certification for its Manufacturing Facility in Baroda. Achieved ISO 14001 Certification for its Manufacturing Facility in Baroda. Shri Suresh Prabhu - Union Minister For chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI inaugurates the Cephalsoporin-C Facility by. Launched the Generic Division. CO'S ( Certificate of Suitablity Launched Cephalsoporin Bulk Active. ) issued by EDQM for Roxithromycin.

From : 1980 TO 1990

Started the large-scale production of 6-APA using immobilized enzymes. Entry made into Specialty Chemicals

From : 1970 TO 1980 Erythromycin was manufactured for the first time using expertise from Eli Lilli-USA. Launched a brand of Erythromycin- "Althrocin" A landmark accomplishment of manufacturing Kanamycin by fermentation. Alembic enjoys the status of being the only basic manufacturer of this product in India, under the guidance of MEIJI SEIJA, Japan. Started the manufacturing of Erythromycin and its Derivatives. 1975 Our R&D facilities were approved by DSIR, GOI. From : 1907 TO 1960 Alembic Chemical Works Co. Ltd. is started, primarily engaged in the manufacture of Tinctures and Alcohol at Baroda. French Distillery plant for pharmaceutical purposes installed at Baroda. Started manufacturing Alembics famous Cough syrup, Vitamins, Tonics and Sulphur Drugs. Alembic Glass 1952 Research and Development activity begins

3. Rational of the study.

A lot of research has been conducted into stress over the last hundred years. Some of the theories behind it are now settled and accepted; others are still being researched and debated. During this time, there seems to have been something approaching open warfare between competing theories and definitions: Views have been passionately held and aggressively defended. What complicates this is that intuitively we all feel that we know what stress is, as it is something we have all experienced. A definition should therefore be obviousexcept that it is not.

Definition: Hans Selye was one of the founding fathers of stress research. His view in 1956 was that stress is not necessarily something bad it all depends on how you take it. The stress of exhilarating, creative successful work is beneficial, while that of failure, humiliation or infection is detrimental. Selye believed that the biochemical effects of stress would be experienced irrespective of whether the situation was positive or negative. Since then, a great deal of further research has been conducted, and ideas have moved on. Stress is now viewed as a "bad thing", with a range of harmful biochemical and long-term effects. These effects have rarely been observed in positive situations. The most commonly accepted definition of stress (mainly attributed to Richard S Lazarus) is that stress is a condition or feeling experienced when a person perceives that demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize. In short, it's what we feel when we think we've lost control of events. This is the main definition used by this section of Mind Tools, although we also recognize that there is an intertwined instinctive stress response to unexpected events. The stress response inside us is therefore part instinct and part to do with the way we think. The types of stress are as follows

Mechanical

Stress (physics), the average amount of force exerted per unit area. Yield stress, the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically. Compressive stress, the stress applied to materials resulting in their compaction.

Biological

Stress (biological), physiological or psychological stress; some types include:

o o o

Chronic stress, persistent stress which can lead to illness and mental disorder Eustress, positive stress that can lead to improved long-term functioning Workplace stress, stress caused by employment

Music

Accent (music). Stress (band), an early '80s melodic rock band from San Diego. Stress (punk band), an early '80s punk rock band from Athens. Stress (Neo-Psychedelic band), from the late 1980's. Stress, a song by the French band Justice on their debut album

Other

Stress (game), card game Stress (linguistics), phonological use of prominence in language

Stress (physics), the average amount of force exerted per unit area. Stress is a measure of the average amount of force exerted per unit area. It is a measure of the intensity of the total internal forces acting within a body across imaginary internal surfaces, as a reaction to external applied forces and body forces. It was introduced into the theory of elasticity by Cauchy around 1822. Stress is a concept that is based on the concept of continuum. In general, stress is expressed as

Where Is the average stress, also called engineering or nominal stress, and Is the force acting over the area Chronic Stress Chronic stress is stress that lasts a long time or occurs frequently. Chronic stress is potentially damaging. Symptoms of chronic stress can be:

upset stomach headache backache insomnia anxiety depression anger

In the most severe cases it can lead to panic attacks or a panic disorder. There are a variety of methods to control chronic stress, including exercise, healthy diet, stress management, relaxation techniques, adequate rest, and relaxing hobbies. Ensuring a healthy diet containing magnesium may help control or eliminate stress, in those individuals with lower levels of magnesium or those who have a magnesium deficiency. Chronic stress can also lead to a magnesium deficiency, which can be a factor in continued chronic stress, and a whole host of other negative medical conditions caused by a magnesium deficiency.

It has been discovered that there is a huge upsurge in the number of people who suffer from this condition. A very large number of these new cases suffer from insomnia. In a review of the scientific literature on the relationship between stress and disease, the authors found that stress plays a role in triggering or worsening depression and cardiovascular disease and in speeding the progression of HIV/AIDS. Compressive stress: Compressive stress is the stress applied to materials resulting in their compaction (decrease of volume). When a material is subjected to compressive stress, then this material is under compression. Usually, compressive stress applied to bars, columns, etc. leads to shortening. Loading a structural element or a specimen will increase the compressive stress until the reach of compressive strength. According to the properties of the material, failure will occur as yield for materials with ductile behavior (most metals, some soils and plastics) or as rupture for brittle behavior (geometries, cast iron, glass, etc). In long, slender structural elements -- such as columns or truss bars -- an increase of compressive force F leads to structural failure due to buckling at lower stress than the compressive strength. Compressive stress has stress units (force per unit area), usually with negative values to indicate the compaction. However in geotechnical engineering, compressive stress is represented with positive values. (1.2.2) Stress in Biological terms: Stress is a biological term which refers to the consequences of the failure of a human or animal body to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats to the organism, whether actual or imagined. It includes a state of alarm and adrenaline production, short-term resistance as a coping mechanism, and exhaustion. It refers to the inability of a human or animal body to respond. Common stress symptoms include irritability, muscular tension, inability to concentrate and a variety of physical reactions, such as headaches and accelerated heart rate.

The term "stress" was first used by the endocrinologist Hans Selye in the 1930s to identify physiological responses in laboratory animals. He later broadened and popularized the concept to include the perceptions and responses of humans trying to adapt to the challenges of everyday life. In Selye's terminology, "stress" refers to the reaction of the organism, and "stressor" to the perceived threat. Stress in certain circumstances may be experienced positively. Eustress, for example, can be an adaptive response prompting the activation of internal resources to meet challenges and achieve goals. The term is commonly used by laypersons in a metaphorical rather than literal or biological sense, as a catch-all for any perceived difficulties in life. It also became a euphemism, a way of referring to problems and eliciting sympathy without being explicitly confessional, just "stressed out". It covers a huge range of phenomena from mild irritation to the kind of severe problems that might result in a real breakdown of health. In popular usage almost any event or situation between these extremes could be described as stressful.

4. Objective of the study

Stress is a dynamic condition in witch an individual is confronted with an opportunity, demand or resource related to what the individual desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important. This is a complicated definition. Stress is not necessarily bad in and of itself. Although stress is typically discussed in a negative context, it also has a positive value. Its an opportunity when it offers potential gain. Consider for example, the superior performance that an athlete or stage performer gives in clutch situations. Such individuals often use stress positively to rise to the occasion and perform at or near their maximum. Similarly, many professionals see the pressures of heavy workloads and deadlines as positive challenges that enhance the quality of their work and the satisfaction the get from their job. But it is different in the case of bank employees. The bank employees are the people who also have to achieve the certain target and so for the non achievement of target the employees remain stressed and tensed. The employees who have the simple table work also have to face the problem of stress. Due to recession the banking sector is also facing the problem of employee cut-offs and so the work load of the existing employees increases and the feel stressed.

To measure the impact of stress management and their effectiveness in Alembic Vadodara.

To find out the improvement of the employees work skills based upon the technique used by HR department.

To find out whether the employee is benefited from techniques.

To know an effective utilization of HR. in the achievement of the organizational goals and to maintain the proper organizational structure To identify the critical area which requires more attention on that part. To study the perception of staff regarding the usefulness or effect of HR policies in the organization. To tune the high moral & best Human Relation in the Organization.

To recognize and satisfy individual needs and group goals by offering an adequate and equitable remuneration.

Following are the persona1 objectives of the study. 1. 2. It helps in knowing the methodology, survey or research and. its importance in organization. To study objective of training in the industry.

5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Discuss the research design, research problems, important of the study, scope and significance of the study, source of data, questionnaire, sample design statistically techniques used, and objective of the study and limitations of the study.

RESEARCH DESIGN: A research design is an arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research.

Purpose with economy in procedure. It is the conceptual structure within which research is conducted and it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis of data. It includes an outline of what the researcher will do from within the hypothesis and its operational implications to the final analysis of data. The research design used for the study is descriptive design. Descriptive research design includes surveys and fact finding enquires of different kinds. The major purpose of descriptive research is description of the state of affairs, as it exists at present.

SOURCE OF DATA:

The relevant data has been collected from the primary sources and secondary sources. The primary data is collected by a questionnaire from the employees. For this purpose of data collection, the questionnaire was circulated among the employees to collect information. The secondary data is collected by news paper company journals, magazines websites etc.

QUESTIONNAIRE ADMINISTRATION: The questionnaire was prepared after counseling with the officer. Employee relations of the HR department of NTPC. The researcher prepared a set of questionnaire. A four point scale strongly agree to strongly disagree was used for this purpose.

SAMPLE DESIGN: A sample of 150 respondents was taken using random sampling. The researcher contacted the executive personally and brief summary of the nature of the study and details in the questionnaire were narrated to them.

PERIOD OF STUDY: The present study had been undertaken for period of 6 weeks, in which it had divided into three stages as such. Stage I is of research problem and collection the literature of the topic chosen. Stage II is of analysis and interpretations by using different statistical tools, findings and recommendations.

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED: For the purpose of present study percentage analysis was used.

6. LIMITATIONS OF STUDY:

1. 2. 3. 4.

The sample size chosen is covered only a small portion of the whole population of NTPC, Ramagundam. The study is confined to limited period i.e. Six weeks. Accuracy of the study is purely based on the information as given by the respondents. Data collected cannot be asserted to the free from crores, as the sample size restricted to the employees.