NAME OF HAZARD: Flood TYPE Hydro-meteorological DEFINITION OF THE HAZARD: Flooding is a common hazard, both at the coast and

along rivers, it is related to both physical and human factors. It is possible in numerous locations. It is when there is an excess amount of water due to changes in water level. CAUSE(S) OF THE HAZARD: Human Causes Physical Causes Deforestation Marine erosion Coastal
Mangrove Clearance Climate change sea level rising Deforestation Dam failures Urbanisation Poor agricultural practices Too much soil compaction Climate change Sub-aerial processes Long-shore drift Mass movement Coastal erosion Snow melt Heavy rainfall monsoons Intensive rainfall cause flash floods Landslides El Nio more rainfall Depressions: areas of low atmospheric pressure which produce cloudy, rainy and windy weather.

River

DISTRIBUTION OF THE HAZARD: Written description: River floodplains and coastal areas are the most susceptible to flooding, however, it is possible for flooding to occur in areas with unusually long periods of heavy rainfall. Bangladesh is the most flood prone area in the world. Map:

EXAMPLE OF THIS HAZARD/DISASTER: Bangladesh Floods: Happen every year Each year in Bangladesh about 26,000 km2, (around 18%) of the country is flooded, killing over 5,000 people and destroying 7 million homes.

The coastal flooding twinned with the bursting of Bangladesh's river banks is common and severely affects the landscape and Bangladeshi society. 75% of Bangladesh is less than 10m above sea level and 80% is flood plain, therefore rendering Bangladesh a nation very much at risk of further widespread damage despite its development. During more severe floods over 75% of Bangladesh can be flooded. 2011: 25th July 200 villages flooded Several killed, 10000 displaced

IMPACTS OF THIS HAZARD/DISASTER (3-5 facts): Floods can cause damage to homes and possessions as well as disruption to communications. Flooding deposits fine silt (alluvium) onto the floodplain, making it very

fertile and excellent for agriculture. LICS tend to be affected more than MICs by the effects of flooding. This is partly because LEDCs have more farms, and farming communities are attracted to fertile flood plains. LEDCs often do not have the resources to prevent flooding or deal with the aftermath of flooding. WHY ARE SOME AREAS MORE VULNERABLE TO THIS DISASTER THAN OTHERS? (COMMENT ON LOCATION/LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT) LICs are more vulnerable to flooding as they have less money to cope with the flooding in LICs many people live on rural land which are by rivers as rivers are a source of clean water Areas that are low-lying and flat are more vulnerable as water will travel faster as rivers are more lively to burst their banks Areas with flood defences (mainly HICs and MICs) are less vulnerable Cities are more vulnerable to flash flooding due to impermeable land (concrete) Coastal cities face a high risk from flooding due to climate change.