RCC DAMS- A NEW WAVE | "MMM" Hydro Power

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13th May 2012

Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC)

RCC DAMS- A NEW WAVE

Roller Compacted Concrete is in short termed as RCC. RCC is rapidly replacing Normal Conventional Vibratory Concrete (CVC) especially in Large Dams where rapid placement rates are required to be obtained. Many a times it is economical and offers cost effective solution but the cost economy is dependent on source of fly ash availability or availability of Natural Pozzolana. The RCC requires a dry and stiff consistency concrete as compared to CVC. RCC can be placed at very high production rates in a conventional manner. RCC is compacted with a vibratory roller. Normally a 10 ton vibratory roller is used for compaction of concrete because of its high compactive energy with high frequency and low-amplitude vibration. RCC is often mixed and transported in a continuous process rather than in batches. It is delivered with dump trucks or conveyors, spread in layers using a bulldozer, and given final compaction with a vibratory roller. Portland cement is normally the primary cementing material along with major portion of fly ash. In case of non-availability of fly ash, natural pozzolana, non-plastic fines, rock dust and Slag cement has also been used to create a paste. At times, the fines have cementing abilities. RCC dams are rapidly being accepted worldwide as a result of need, success, and economics. Construction of RCC dam was started somewhere in the 1970s. In 1983 only one major RCC dam existed in the world that was Willow Creek in Colorado. By 1996, approximately about 200 large RCC dams worldwide were completed. Besides United States, more number of RCC dams are under construction in Japan, Australia, China, Spain, Brazil, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Pakistan. RCC dams are in use, under design, or in the planning stages in countries that have climates ranging from arctic to tropical and are at elevations ranging from sea level to very high mountain regions. In India two dams have been completed and many dams have been planned to be taken up in the near future. Dam of any size or height can be designed and constructed with RCC. Currently, dams of the order of 100 m high are common, and dams of about 200m height are also constructed. For example 201m high Guangzhao in China and 188m high Meil 1 Columbia. Very large dams such as 217m high Longtan Dam in China has been constructed. 247m high Gibe III in Ethiopia and 272m high Diamer Bhasha in Pakistan are also planned. So far the performance of RCC dams has been reported to be very good. Table: Ten highest completed dams in the world

Dam

Country

Height

Volume (m x10 ) RCC Total

Mixture proportions (kg/m ) Cement Pozzolana

(m)

Longtan

China

217

4952

7458

99

121

Guangzhao

China

201

820

2870

61

91

Miel 1

Colombia

188

1669

1730

85 160

Urayama

Japan

156

1294

1860

91

39

Miyagase

Japan

156

1537

2001

91

39

Jinanqiao

China

156

2400

3920

72

108

Ralco

Chile

155

1596

1640

133

57

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RCC DAMS- A NEW WAVE | "MMM" Hydro Power

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Takizawa

Japan

140

810

1800

84

36

Son La

Vietnam

139

2677

4800

60

160

ine

Turkey

137

1560

165

85

105

Table: very high dams planned in Future

He ight

Volume (m x10 ) Ye ar planne d or

Dam

Country (m) RCC Total comple te d

Beko Abo Ethiopia 280 12200 13000 -

Diamer-Bhasha Pakistan 272 12800 13500 2019

Gibe III Ethiopia 247 5500 5700 2014

Ta Sang Myanmar 235 7850 8650 -

Dasu Pakistan 233 5000 5200 2021

Sawalkot India 200 1900 2800 -

Bunji Pakistan 200 1800 2100 -

Siyom India 200 5500 6200 2019

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[http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-JcwXKMYOEKY/T7IZtAwyV5I/AAAAAAAAIAU /T9eLV9PL5XE/s1600/RCC+DAMS+compaction.jpg]

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[http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RSXWiXgDRnE/T7IaQO-BoAI/AAAAAAAAIAk /bAkgg0qnp5M/s1600/RCC+DAMS+LONGTAN+Dam+Completion.jpg]

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RCC DAMS- A NEW WAVE | "MMM" Hydro Power

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Table : te n large st comple te d Dams in the world

Dam

Country

He ight

Volume (m x10 )

M ixture proportions (kg/m )

(m)

RCC

Total

Cement

Pozzolana

Longtan China 217 4952 7458 99 121

Tha Dan Thailand 95 4900 5400 90 100

Son La Vietnam 139 2677 4800 60 160

Yeywa Myanmar 135 2473 2843 75 145

Taum Sauk U.S.A. 49 2448 2500 59 59

Beydag Turkey 96 2350 2650 60 30

Baise China 130 1995 2672 80 132

Beni Haroun Algeria 118 1690 1900 82 143

Miel 1 Colombia 188 1669 1730 85 160 0

Koudiat Algeria 121 1650 1850 75 87

Table : twe lv e faste st comple te d dams in the world

RCC v olume Dam Country He ight

Placing time

M onthly place ment (m ) M ax. day

(m)

(m x10 )

(months)

Average

Peak

(m )

Longtan China 217 4623 32.4 142758 400755 18475

U. Stillwater U.S.A. 91 1125 9.0 125324 204430 8415

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Tha Dan Thailand 95 4900 40.1 122266 201490 13280

Olivenhain U.S.A. 97 1070 8.8 121895 224675 12250

Beydag Turkey 96 2350 20.9 112566 165000

Beni Haroun Algeria 118 1690 16.4 102860 175000 9100

Taum Sauk U.S.A. 49 2448 25.7 95253 189470 11330

Son La Vietnam 139 2677 31.5 84984 200075 9980

M. Vaitarna India 103 1217 15.8 77300 134125 7536

Ralco Chile 155 1596 20.9 76449 147600 6860

Al Wehdah Jordan/Syria 94 1426 19.0 75172 123860 6185

Yeywa Myanmar 134 2473 34.3 72247 147320 7555

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