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4on of "od" (.%=), and Jes1s is said to be "after the likeness of Mel*hizedek" (.%#+)5 Heb .%# ff 0resents diffi*1lties5 Bhere did the a1thor get the material for this des*ri0tion of Mel*hizedekC (#) Mel*hizedek is said to be "witho1t father, witho1t mother, (i5e5) witho1t genealog!"' and (-) he is des*ribed as "ha2ing neither beginning of da!s nor end of life"' he "abideth a 0riest *ontin1all!5" he answer is 0erha0s to be had among the ell el-3marna ?etters, among whi*h are at least ,, 0robabl! &, letters from a king of Dr1salim to 3meno0his <V, king of 8g!0t, whose "sla2e" the former *alls himself5 Dr1salim is to be identified with Jer1salem, and the letters belong to *ir*a #$)) @>5 he name of this king is gi2en as 3bd-Khiba (or 3bd-*hiba), tho1gh Hommel, q1oted b! "535 4mith, Jer1salem, <<, #$, note ., reads >hiba5 Eimmer, in E3, #&F#, -$,, sa!s that it *an be read 3bditaba, and so 4a!*e (H:@, <<<, ==+b) *alls him 7ebhedh tobh5 he king tells his 8g!0tian o2erlord, "Geither m! father nor m! mother set me in this 0la*e% the might! arm of the king (or, a**ording to 4a!*e, "the arm of the might! king") established me in m! fathers ho1se" (?etter #)- in @erlin *olle*tion, ll5 F-#=' also n1mber #)=, ll5 -+--&' n1mber #)$, ll5 #=-#+' see, f1rther, H5 Bin*kler, :ie hontafeln 2on ell-el-3marna' Kn1dtzon, @eitrage z1r 3ss!riologie, <V, #)# ff, -.F ff, *ited b! "535 4mith, Jer1salem, <<, &, note #)5 <t th1s be*omes *lear that 0ossibl! tradition identified Mel*hizedek with 3bdKhiba5 3t an! rate the idea that Mel*hizedek was "witho1t father, witho1t mother, (i5e5) witho1t genealog!" *an easil! be e/0lained if the words of 3bdKhiba *on*erning himself *an ha2e been also attrib1ted to Mel*hizedek5 he words meant originall! that he a*knowledged that he did not *ome to the throne be*a1se he had a *laim on it thro1gh des*ent' he owed it to a00ointment5 @1t Jewish inter0retation e/0lained them as im0l!ing that he had no father or mother5 (s ##)%$ had s0oken of the king there as being "a 0riest for e2er after the order of Mel*hizedek," and this seems to ha2e been taken to in2ol2e the 0er0et1it! of Mel*hizedek also as 0riest5 Mel*hizedek was then tho1ght of as "ha2ing neither beginning of da!s" 6" witho1t father, witho1t mother, witho1t genealog!," and again as not ha2ing "end of life" 6" abideth a 0riest *ontin1all!5" Hen*e, he is "made like 1nto the son of "od," ha2ing neither beginning of da!s nor end of life5 Be get another Gew estament e/am0le of Jewish inter0retation in "a $%-# ff5 Be ha2e no a*t1al 0roof that Mel*hizedek is identi*al with 3bd-Khiba' 0ossibl! the referen*e to the former as being "witho1t father," et*5, is not to be e/0lained as abo2e5 @1t wh! sho1ld Mel*hizedek, and he alone, of all the Hld estament *hara*ters be tho1ght of in this wa!C
Best*ott, Hebrews, #FF, has a s1ggesti2e tho1ght abo1t Mel*hizedek% " he lessons of his a00earan*e lie in the a00earan*e itself5 3braham marks a new de0art1re5 5555 @1t before the fresh order is established we ha2e a 2ision of the old in its s10erior maIest!' and this, on the e2e of disa00earan*e, gi2es its blessing to the new5" Hn the referen*es to Mel*hizedek in (hilo see Best*ott, o05 *it5, -)#' A5 Jendall, Hebrews, 3005, +& ff' and es0e*iall! (with the 0assages and other a1thorities *ited there) "5 Milligan, heolog! of 80istle to the Hebrews, -)= ff5 he *on*l1sions we *ome to are% (#) here was a tradition in Jer1salem of Mel*hizedek, a king in 0re-<sraelitish times, who was also 0riest to 78l 78l!on5 his is the origin of "e #$%#& ff, where 78l 78l!on is identified with 9ahweh5 (-) (s ##) makes 1se of this tradition and the (salmists king is regarded as Mel*hizedeks s1**essor5 (=) he 80istle to the Hebrews makes 1se of (a) (s ##), whi*h is taken to be a 0ro0he*! of >hrist, (b) of "e #$%#& ff, and (*) of oral tradition whi*h was not fo1nd in the Hld estament5 <t is this 1nwritten tradition that is 0ossibl! e/0lained b! the ell el-3marna ?etters5 4ee, f1rther, arti*les b! 4a!*e, :ri2er, and Hommel in 8/0ositor! imes, V<<, V<<<5 Britten b! :a2id Aran*is Joberts