VOLUME I

OCTOBER 1958

NUMBER

1l
*

a
a~
CONTENTS

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Herrnstein, R. J. and Brady, J. V. Interaction among components of a multiple schedule ......... .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . . .. . .. . . . . Brodie, D. A. and Boren, J. J. The use of pinch as an aversive stimulus IPierrel, R. A generalization gradient for auditory intensity in the rat .303 Long, E. R., Hammack, J. T., May, F. and Campbell, B. J. Intermittent reinforcement of operant behavior in children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bindra, D. and Spinner, N. Response to different degrees of novelty: the incidence of various activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herrnstein, R. J. Effects of scopolamine on a multiple schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.... . ...

293 301

315
341

351 359

Dews, P. B. and-Morse, W. H. Some observations on an operant in human subjects and its,modification by dextro amphetamine ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gollub, L. R. and Urban, J. T. The accentuation of a rate difference during extinction .......... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . . Skinner, B. F. and Morse, W. H. Fixed-interval reinforcement of running in a wheel ..
.

365
371

NOTES Boren, J. J. Back-path prevention. Bijou, S. W. A standard "candy" for research with children. Boren, J. J. Arc suppression. Powell, M. G. Spark suppression. Church, R. M. Individual learning curves.

314 314 340 370 380

TABLE OF CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1

Azrin, N. H. Some Effects of Noise on Human Behavior .................. Azrin, N. See Flanagan, B. Bijou, S. W. Operant Extinction After Fixed-Interval ................... Bindra, D. and Spinner, N. Response to Different Degrees of Novelty: The Incidence of Various Activities .............................. Blough, D. S. A Method for Obtaining Psychophysical'Thresholds from the Pigeon. Boren, J. J. See Brodie, D. A. Brady, J. V., Porter, R. W., Conrad, D. G. and Mason, J. W. Avoidance Behavior .............. and the Development of Gastroduodenal Ulcers .... Brady, J. V. See Herrnstein, R. J. Brady, J. V. See Stein, L. ..... Brodie, D. A. and Boren, J. J. The use of Pinch as an Aversive Stimulus ... Campbell, B. J. See Long, E. R. Clark, F. C. The Effect of Deprivation and Frequency of Reinforcement on Variable-Interval Responding ................................ Conrad, D. G., Sidman, M. and Herrnstein, R. J. The Effects of Deprivation Upon Temporally Spaced Responding ............................ Conrad, D. G. See Brady, J. V. Cook, L. See Herndon, J. F. Cumming, W. W. and Schoenfeld, W. N. Behavior Under Extended Exposure to a High-Value Fixed Interval Reinforcement Schedule ........ .........

183 25
341 31

69

301

221

59

245

Davidson, A. See Herndon, J. F. DeWs, P. B. Effects of Chlorpromazine and Promazine on Performance on a Mixed Schedule ...................................... Dews, P. B. and Morse, W. H. Some Observations on an Operant in Human Sub........... jects and Its Modification by Dextro Amphetamine ..... Dinsmoor, J. A. A Device for Measuring and Programming the Speed of Execution of a'Single Response ........................... Dinsmoor, J. A. and Winograd, E. Shock Intensity in Variable-Interval Escae Schedules ......................................... Erratum .... Falk, J. L. The Grooming Behavior of the Chimpanzee as a Reinforcer ........ Ferster, C. B. Intermittent Reinforcement of a Complex Response in a Chimpanzee'.

73
359
57 145 205

83 163

..... Findley, J. D. Preference and Switching Under Concurrent Scheduling ... Flanagan, B., Goldiamond, I. and Azrin, N. Operant Stuttering: The Control of .... Stuttering Behavior Through Response-Contingent Consequences ... Goldiamond, I. See Flanagan, B. Gollub, L. R. and Urban, J. T. The Accentuation of a Rate Difference During Extinction .......................................... Greenberg, S. M. See Herndon, J. F. Hammack, J. T. See Long, E. R. Hearst, E. The Behavioral Effects of Some Temporally Defined Schedules of Reinforcement . ...................................... .. Herndon, J. F., Greenberg, S. M., Van Loon, E. J., Kelleher, R. T., Cook, L. and Davidson, A. A Liquid Diet for Animals in Behavioral Studies .291 Herrnstein, R. J. Effects of Scopolamine on a Multiple Schedule ............ Herrnstein, R. J. and Brady, J. V. Interaction Among Components of a Multiple Schedule .293 Herrnstein, R. J. and Morse, W. H. A Conjunctive Schedule of Reinforcement .... Herrnstein, R. J. See Conrad, D. G. Holland, J. G. Counting by Humans on a Fixed-Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement Hurwitz, H. M. B. A Source of Error in Estimating the Number of Reinforcements in a Lever Pressing Apparatus .149 ......... Kelleher, R. T. Stimulus-Producing Responses in Chimpanzees .... Kelleher, R. T. Fixed-Ratio Schedules of Conditioned Reinforcement with Chimpanzees ... ....... ... .... ....... ....... .... ....... Kelleher, R. T. See Herndon, J. F. Keller, F. S. The Phantom Plateau ............................... Long, E. R., Hammack, J. T., May, F. and Campbell, B. J. Intermittent Reinforcement of Operant Behavior in Children ........................ Mason, J. W. See Brady, J. V. May, F. See Long, E. R. Mechner, F. Probability Relations Within Response Sequences Under Ratio Reinforcement ......................................... Mechner, F. Sequential Dependencies of the Lengths of Consecutive Response Runs ............................................ Morse, W. H. and Skinner, B. F. Some Factors Involved in the Stimulus Control of Operant Behavior ....................................

123

173

365

45

351

15

179

87 281

1
315

109
229 103

Morse, W. H. See Dews, P. B.

Morse, W. H. See Herrnstein, R. J. Morse, W. H. See Skinner, B. F. Pierrel, R. A Generalization Gradient for Auditory Intensity in the Rat ... ..... Porter, R. W. See Brady, J. V. Schoenfeld, W. N. See Cumming, W. W. Sidman, M. Some Notes on "Bursts" in Free-Operant Avoidance Experiments Sidman, M. By-Products of Aversive Control ........................ Sidman, M. See Conrad, D. G. Sidman, M. See Stein, L. Skinner, B. F. Diagramming Schedules of Reinforcement .... ............ Skinner, B. F. and Morse, W. H. Sustained Performance During Very Long Experimental Sessions ..................................... Skinner, B. F. and Morse, W. H. Fixed-Interval Reinforcement of Running in a Wheel ........................................... Skinner, B. F. See Morse, W. H. Spinner, N. See Bindra, D. Stein, L., Sidman, M. and Brady, J. V. Some Effects of Two Temporal Variables on Conditioned Suppression ................................ Stern, J. A. See Word, T. Urban, J. T. See Gollub, L. R. Van Loon, E. J. See Herndon, J. F. Verhave, T. The Effect of Methamphetamine on Operant Level and Avoidance Behavior ........................................... Winograd, E. See Dinsmoor, J. A. Word, T. and Stern, J. A. A Simple Stabilimeter ......................
....

303

167 265

67

235
371

153

207

201

NOTES Bijou, S. W. A Standard "Candy" for Research with Children .............. 314 108 ....................... Blough, D. S. Pigeon Water Supply ....... 314 ....................... Boren, J. J. Back-Path Prevention ....... 340 ......................... Boren, J. J. Arc Suppression ......... 380 Church, R. M. Individual Learning Curves ......................... 166 Dinsmoor, J. A. Screw-On Multiple Connectors ...................... Dinsmoor, J. A. A New Shock Grid for Rats ...................... 182, 264 122 Gollub, L. R. A Simple Pulse Shaper .............................

Hill, R. T. A Simple and Useful Modification of Session Timers

.............

Lester, D. Water Feeder . .................................... .......... Lindsley, 0. R. An Easily Copied Ink for Graphic Recorders .... Recording Paper to Eliminate Confusion of of R. Edge-Marking Lindsley, 0. Records ......................... .................. Norris- J. and Kelleher, R. Spark Suppression ....................... Powell, M. G. Spark Suppression ............................... ........................ Verhave, T. Tension-Gauge .......... Verhave, T. New Ink for Cumulative Recorders ...................... Verhave, T. A Simple Way to Record Latencies ...................... Verhave, T. New Type of Connector Plugs and Sockets .................. ..... Verhave, T. A Sensitive Lever for Operant-Conditioning Experiments .....
o

290 234 14

178 30 370 44 56 66 86 220