Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till

Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources Online
Anderson, Dillon. United States Department of Justice. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Washington D.C.: , 1955. Web. <http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/research/online_documents/civil_rights_emmett_till_ca se/1955_09_06_Hoover_to_Anderson.pdf>.

This source is about a campaign that was organized by several parties protesting the death of Emmett Till. This document helped me understand that large amounts of parties participated in protesting the brutal murder.

"Emmett Till's Day In Court ." Life Magazine. 3 Oct 1955: 37-38. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/BI/hst388-absher/life2.pdf>.

This source was about the court hearing for Emmetts killers. This helped me understand how the South had all white jury members, which allowed them to let the killers lose.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till Huie, William. "The Shocking Story of Approved Killing in Mississippi." Shocking Story of Approved Killing in Mississippi. 24 Jan 1956: 46-50. Print. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/sfeature/sf_look_confession.html>.

This source is about the killers confessing to the murder when offered money. This helped how brutal whites were to African Americans during the Jim Crow era.

"Memorandum.". Washington D.C.: 12 Sep 1955. 1. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/research/online_documents/civil_rights_emmett_till_ca se/1955_09_12.pdf>.

This source is about the leader of the Chicago Negro Communists group is going to organize a protest in Washington. This helped me understand that other groups wanted justice for what happened to Emmett.

"Mississippi To Sift Negro Boys Slaying." New York Times[New York] 2 September 1955, 37. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/BI/hst388-absher/till-nyt.pdf>.

This source is about why Emmett was lynched. This helped me understand that the violence on African Americans were extremely brutal.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till "Nation Shocked, Vow Action In Lynching Of Chicago Youth." Chicago Defender [Chicago] 10 September 1955, n. pag. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/BI/hst388absher/till5.pdf>.

This source was about how Emmett was a martyr, and people wanted Eisenhower to get involved. This source helped me understand how his death inspired African Americans to take action.

Popham, John. "Mississippi Jury Acquits 2 Accused in Youth's Killing." New York Times [New York] 24 September 1955, n. pag. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/BI/hst388-absher/till.pdf>.

This source is about what transpired in the jury trial and how two people were found not guilty. This document helped me understand that this inspired African Americans to protest.

Till, Elizabeth. 25 Aug 1955. Print. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/filmmore/ps_letters.html>.

This source was a letter that Elizabeth sent to Mamie when Emmett was still on vacation. This source helped me understand that things were going good with Elizabeth.

Till, Emmett. Aug 1955. Print. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/filmmore/ps_letters.html>.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till This source was a letter that Emmett sent to his mother while on vacation. This source helped me understand that he had a close relationship with his immediate family.

"Will Mississippi Whitewash The Emmett Till Slaying?" Jet Magazine. 6 Oct 1955: n. page. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. <http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/BI/hst388-absher/jet2.pdf>. This source was about the white people in Mississippi shrugging off the death of Emmett Till. This helped me understand whites believed African Americans were second class citizens.

United States. Communist Party. Emmett Louis Till Lynching. Washington D.C.: , 1955. Web. <http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/research/online_documents/civil_rights_emmett_till_ca se/1955_09_29_Memo_re_lynching.pdf>. This source was about the Communist Party putting pressure on local and federal governments. This source helped me understand that other groups were acting to help with the case.

Books
Moody, Anne. Coming of Age in Mississippi. New York: Dial, 1968. Print. This source was about the authors life and growing up in Mississippi. This helped me show how Emmetts death affected her life.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till Till-Mobley, Mamie, and Chris Benson. Death of Innocence: The Story of the Hate Crime That Changed America. New York: Random House, 2003. Print. This book was about Mamie Tills life. She describes her life before and after the death of her son. She goes into detail on how she helped inspire people to act. This helped me describe what she did and how she inspired others.

Pictures
2012. Photograph. http://newsone.com/Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://newsone.com/2032853/emmetttill-story/>. This is a picture showing what had happen to Emmett Till. It help me show how he was brutally beaten.

2013. Photograph. http://hnn.us/Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://hnn.us/article/150538>. This source was a picture of Emmetts face after it had been disfigured. This source was used to show how he looked after being murdered.

Background Map: 1961 Freedom Rides. 1962. Photograph. http://www.loc.gov/, New York City. Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trr071.html>.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till This source shows the routes of the Freedom Riders. This helped me show where the Freedom Riders protested.

Emmett Till Murder Trial. 1955. Photograph. http://law2.umkc.edu/Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/till/tilltriallinks.html>. This picture was about the jury members in Emmetts trial. This helped me explain that the jury was all white.

Mass Meeting Protesting Emmett Till Lynching and Trial . 1955. Photograph. http://www.loc.govWeb. 25 Feb 2014. <http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/naacp/the-civil-rights-era.html>. This source is about a mass protest after the trial. This helped me show the effects Mamie had on others.

Meyerowitz, Joanne. Hear The Mississippi Story From The Lips And Hearts Of Emmett Till's Mother And Mrs. Ruby Hurley. N.d. Photograph. http://www.edb.utexas.edu/, New York City. Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://www.edb.utexas.edu/faculty/salinas/students/student_sites/Fall2004/Mamie_Till/mam ie_till_other_primary_sources.html>. This picture was about a speech that Mamie had. This helped me show the effect she had after the death of her son.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till

Rosa Parks on a Bus. 1956. Photograph. http://womenshistory.about.com/, Montgomery. Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://womenshistory.about.com/od/civilrights/ig/Civil-Rights-Movement/Rosa-Parkson-Bus.htm>. This is about Rosa Parks refusing her seat on the bus. This helped me show how she protested.

Segregated Bus in Texas. N.d. Photograph. http://motleynews.net/Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://motleynews.net/2011/06/24/a-nostalgic-black-white-photo-journey-through-americaspast/>. This is a picture showing a bus that was segregated. This help me show how Jim Crow laws effected African Americans in the South.

Street rally in New York City, October 11, 1955, under joint sponsorship of NAACP and District 65, Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Workers Union in protest of slaying of Emmett Till. 1955. Photograph. http://www.loc.gov/Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3c21590/>. This source is about a demonstration that occurred in New York following the death of Emmett Till. This helped me show how others reacted to his death.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till

Secondary Sources

Online

"Civil Rights Act of 1968 Law & Legal Definition." Civil Rights Act of 1968 Law & Legal Definition. USLegal, Inc, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2014. <http://definitions.uslegal.com/c/civil-rights-act-of-1968%2520/>. This source described what the Civil Rights Act of 1968 protects. This source helped me explain the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

"Civil Rights Act of 1964 Law & Legal Definition." Civil Rights Act of 1964 Law & Legal Definition. USLegal, Inc, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2014. <http://definitions.uslegal.com/c/civil-rights-act-of-1964/>. This source described the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and describes what it protects. This source helped me describe the Civil Right Act of 1964.

Cozzens, Lisa. "The Murder of Emmett Till." Early Civil Rights Struggles:. N.p., 1997. Web. 7 Jan. 2014. <http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/early-civilrights/emmett.html>.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till This source describes the impact of the Emmett Till case and gives background on the case and his death. This helped me describe the impact his death had.

Jalon, Allan. "1955 Killing Sparked Civil Rights Revolution : Emmett Till: South's Legend and Legacy." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 07 Oct. 1985. Web. 16 Dec. 2013. <http://articles.latimes.com/1985-10-07/news/mn-16511_1_emmett-till-s-name>. This source talked about Emmett being a martyr for the civil rights supporters, how the trial made news around the world and how people demanded justice. This article helped me describe how his death made people want equality and how it brought people together.

Land, Monica. "How Mississippi and Emmett Till Shaped the March on Washington."TheGrio. NBCUNIVERSAL, 24 Aug. 2013. Web. 7 Jan. 2014. <http://thegrio.com/2013/08/24/howmississippi-and-emmett-till-shaped-the-march-on-washington/>. This source described the effect Emmett Till had on Rosa Parks and other blacks. This helped me describe the effect his death had.

Little, Nadra K. "The Freedom Riders Movement." About.com Race Relations. About.com, n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014. <http://racerelations.about.com/od/trailblazers/a/The-Freedom-RidersMovement.htm>. This article was about the Freedom Riders and described what they did. This source helped me describe what they did and how they were important.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till Pilgrim, David. "What Was Jim Crow?" What Was Jim Crow?. Ferris State University, 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2014. <http://www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/what.htm>. This source described life under Jim Crow and gave examples of the laws that existed. This source helped me describe life under Jim Crow.

"Two Case Studies: Emmett Till and the "Kissing Case"" Notre Dame OpenCourseWare. University Of Notre Dame, 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2014. <http://ocw.nd.edu/history/african-american-historyii/lecture-notes/lecture-14-notes>. This source described the trial and how his death affected the Norths view of the South. I used this source for some of the quotes it had and to describe the effect hid death had.

Waibel, Elizabeth. "Jackson Free Press." Freedom Riders Tell Students: 'Take the Lead'Jackson Free Press, 20 Apr. 2012. Web. 26 Feb. 2014. <http://www.jacksonfreepress.com/news/2012/apr/20/freedom-riders-tell-students-take-thelead/>. This source talked about the effect Emmett Till had on the Freedom Riders. This source was used to described the effect Emmett Till had on the Freedom Riders.

When people saw what had happened to my son, men stood up who had never stood up before. Mamie Till-Mobley, mother of Emmett Till http://www.lsrhs.net/departments/history/ShenM/Site/20th_classwork,_handouts_files/The%2 0impact%20of%20Emmett%20Till.pdf

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till This source has quotes from famous people after Emmetts death. This document was used to show how people were inspired by her speeches.

I thought about Emmett Till, and I could not go back. My legs and feet were not hurting, that is a stereotype. I paid the same fare as others, and I felt violated. I was not going back. Rosa Parks, civil rights activist http://www.lsrhs.net/departments/history/ShenM/Site/20th_classwork,_handouts_files/The%2 0impact%20of%20Emmett%20Till.pdf This source has quotes from famous people after Emmetts death. This document was used to show how Rosa Parks was inspired by this.

Pictures
Fair Housing It's Not An option It's The Law. 2011. Photograph. http://shutthefrontdoor2007.wordpress.com/Web. 25 Feb 2014. This picture was about the Civil Rights Act of 1968. I used it to explain the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964. 2012. Photograph. http://fortheloveofpetersburg.wordpress.com/Web. 25 Feb 2014. <http://fortheloveofpetersburg.wordpress.com/2012/02/10/recognizing-the-civilrights-act-of-1964/>.

Brian Salto 2/26/14 The Impact of Emmett Till This picture is about the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This helped me of explain the Civil Rights Act of 1964.