INDEX

Abercrombie, Christian, 49 Abercromby, Patrick, 5, 8 Aberdeen, 23, 65, 132, 133, 135, 161, 204 Aberdeen Journal, 204, 205 Aberdour, Lord, 147 abolitionism, 11, 203, 208 see also antiabolitionism; slave trade; slavery Aboyne, George Gordon, second Earl of, 50 Acourt, John, 867 Act against Innovations in the Worship of God (1707), 70 Act of Indemnity (1747), 57 Act of Uniformity, 90 Adamson, George, 49 Airlie, David Ogilvy, sixth Earl of, 206 Alexander, David, 119 Alexander Houstoun and Company, 110, 119, 197 Alien Acts (16956 and 1705), 5, 114, 124 Alyth, battle of (1651), 30 American colonies, 5, 6, 8, 9, 127, 136, 139, 162 American Revolution, 1, 10, 167, 189, 200 Anderson, John, 72, 84, 88 Anglicanism, 2, 4, 6, 7, 135 see also Church of England Anglo-Dutch Wars, 93, 102, 104 Annandale, Earl of, 147 Anne, Queen, 14, 20, 38, 39, 51, 60, 61, 69, 73, 82, 84, 142, 145 Anstruther, Sir John, 147 anti-abolitionism, 193208 Anti-Slavery Society, 201, 203, 204 Antigua, 75, 82, 84, 88, 116, 194 apostasy, 87

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Bahamas, 76, 86, 89 Baillie, Andrew, 83 Baillie, James, 197 Baillie family, 197 Bain, James, 389 Balfour of Fernie, Colonel John, 15 Balfours of Burleigh, 138 Ballentine, William, 44 Baltic trade, 1278 banking, 7, 10, 1312, 146, 171 Baptists, 89 Barbados, 778, 823, 867, 90, 101, 106, 110, 194 Barbary pirates, 46, 128 Barbier-Dufay, Colonel, 171 Barclay, Robert, 44, 45 Barlow, Joel, 171 Barr of Craigilee, John, 1815, 190, 191 Batavia, 134 Bath, Earl of, 154 Bathurst, Allen, first Baron, 142, 147 Bathurst, Henry Bathurst, third Earl of, 202, 203

Arbuthnot, George, 155 Arbuthnot, Robert, 129 Argyll, John Campbell, second Duke of, 8, 22, 24, 25, 26, 143, 145, 149 Argyll colony, North Carolina, 139 Association Oath (1696), 82 Atholl, Duchess of, 32, 36, 37 Atholl, Marquis of, 323, 357, 147 Atholl family, 30, 33, 35, 36 Atterbury, Francis, Bishop of Rochester, 55 Atterbury Plot (1721), 142 Augustines, 47 Australia, 175, 179, 181

269

270

Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Bourgogne, Louis de France, duc de, 19 Bowood circle, 166, 168 Boyd, Augustus, 120 Braco, Lord, 133 Brancas, Duke of, 171 Breadalbane, John Campbell, first Earl of, 34, 356 Breteuil, Baron de, 171 Bristol, 117, 127, 197, 200 British Army, 1, 28, 116, 156 British identity, 8, 11, 64 British Linen Company, 139 Broderick, William, 80, 81, 82 Brodie, James, 65 Broen, Maria Jacoba, 107 Brown, Gayon, 48 Brown, Thomas, 49 Browne, John, 99 Bruce, Augustine, 49 Bruce, James, 49 Bruce, Robert the, 182 Bruce, Sir William, 34 Bruce, Thomas, Lord (later third Earl of Elgin), 84 Brydges, James see Chandos, James Brydges, Duke of Buchanan, Andrew, 135 Burgh, James, 167 Burnet, Alexander, 49, 66 Burnet, Gilbert, 66, 82 Burnet, William, 106 Burnett, John, 99 Burns, Rev. Thomas, 1801 Burns, Robert, 1011, 173 debut volume of verse, 17481 New Zealand poets and, 18591 reception in New Zealand, 1815 Bute, John Stuart, third Earl of, 153, 154 Butler, James, second Duke of Ormonde see Ormonde, James Butler, second Duke of Butler, Nathaniel, 77 Buxton, Thomas Fowell, 201 Byron, Lord, 187 Cairns, John, 98 Calder, Robert, 69, 72, 73 Calvin, John, 189 Calvinism, 512, 85

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Battle of the Boyne (1690), 48 Batz, Baron de, 171 Bavaria see Regensburgh monastery, Bavaria Baxter, Archibald McColl Learmond, 1858 Baxter, James K., 18591 Baynes, John, 16 Beattie, James, 193, 204 Beckford, Peter, 80 Beckford, William, 166, 167 Belich, James, 185 Bell, Governor Philip, 77 Benedictines, 4, 43, 45, 469, 51, 556 Bengal, 136, 138, 153 Bennett, G. V., 16 Bentham, Jeremy, 166 Berbice, 202, 203 Bermuda, 76, 77, 89, 90 Bernard, Captain John, 77 Berwick, James Fitzjames, Duke of, 17, 19, 21 Bethun, David, 84 Black, Joseph, 161 Black, Professor Joseph, 162 Black Isle, 205, 207 Blackwood and Cathcart, Messrs, 127 Blackwoods Edinburgh Magazine, 204 Blair, James, 49 Blair, John, 185 Blair Castle, siege of (1746), 31 Blantyre, Charles Stuart, eighth Lord, 151 Board of Trade, 5, 79 Boerhaave, Herman, 97 Bogle family of Glasgow, 104, 106 Bolingbroke, Henry St John, first Viscount, 22, 23, 145 Book of Common Order (Order of Geneva) see Knoxs Liturgy Book of Common Prayer (Lauds Liturgy), 65, 66, 67, 68, 724, 77 book trade, 98, 108 Booth, Charles, 20 Borland, John, 104, 106, 107 Borthwick, Peter, 205 Boswell, James, 151 Bouchert, William, 118 Boufflers, Marshal Louis-Franois, duc de, 20 Boulton, Matthew, 159, 1623, 164, 169, 170, 171

Index Campbell, Archibald, Earl of Islay see Islay, Archibald Campbell, Earl of Campbell, Daniel, 117, 119 Campbell, John, second Duke of Argyll see Argyll, John Campbell, second Duke of Cape Breton Island, 99 Caribbean colonies, 67, 8, 7591, 99, 100, 107, 206 Colonel William McDowall and, 10922 Dutch and, 94, 101 illicit slave trade in, 200 pro-slavery lobby in, 1978 Carlisle, Earls of, 78 Carlisle Castle, Cumbria, 133 Carlyle of Inveresk, Dr Alexander, 154 Carolinas, 76, 845, 89, 127 Carpenter, Henry, 112, 113 Carstares, Alexander, 100, 104 Carstares, William (Principal of Edinburgh University), 612, 104 cartography, 98, 180 Castle Semple estate, 11718 Catholic clergy, 4358 Catholic colleges, 434, 48, 51, 52, 53, 55, 57 Catholicism, 2, 52, 57, 64, 70, 89 cattle droving, 1267, 133 Chambers, Macarius, 46 Chambers, Robert, 159, 160 Chandos, James Brydges, Duke of, 129, 137, 145, 146, 155 Charles Edward Stuart, Prince (the Younger Pretender), 3, 13, 14, 27, 29, 57, 73 Charles I, 5, 43, 59, 65, 73, 99 Charles II, 5, 44, 45, 47, 98 Charles VI, Emperor, 146 Charles XII of Sweden, 18 Charlotte, Lady Lude, 31 Chesterfield, Lord, 148 China, 134, 139 Church Act (1695), 68 Church Act (1706), 85 Church of England, 7583, 878, 89, 90 Carolina and, 845 Episcopalians and, 60, 61, 62, 634, 65, 66, 689, 714 High Party of, 67, 69 Methodism and, 90

271

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Church of Scotland see Kirk Church union scheme (1692), 68, 88 Churchill, John, first Duke of Marlborough see Marlborough, John Churchill, first Duke of Circle of Honest Whigs, 166 civil war, 5, 14, 72, 78, 98 Clarendon Code, 44 Clavire, tienne, 171 Cleland, Colonel William, 83 Clement XI, Pope, 55, 56, 578 clergy, 73 Caribbean colonies, 6, 7591 education, 8990 imprisonment of, 51 Jacobite uprising (45), 567 James Greenshields case, 5974 ordination papers, 856, 91 recognition of James VIII & III, 55 Scottish Catholic, 4358 Clive, Robert, 143, 153, 154 Club of Honest Whigs, 166, 167 Clyde, Alan, 185 coal, 118, 129, 155 Cochrane, Archibald, 88 Cochrane, Hugh, 105 Cochrane, Richard, 88 Cockburn, Archibald, 84, 90 Cockburn, Sir James, 153 Cockburn of Ormiston, Lord Chief Justice Adam, 15, 61 Cocoa-Tree Club, 154, 157 Coleby, Samuel, 86 Coleman, William, 118 Colhoun, Robert, 119 Colhoun, William, 111, 112, 113, 114, 119 Collins, William, 81 Colmar, Jan, 98 Colquhoun, William, 99 commonplace books, 179 Company of Scotland, 107 Compton, Bishop Henry, 77, 85, 86 Cook, Ambrose (Ambrosius), 49, 50, 51 Cook, Captain James, 177, 179 Cooper, Anthony Ashley, 78 Copeland, Patrick, 89 cosmopolitanism, 95, 97, 1004, 108

272

Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Douglas family, 43 Drummond, Andrew, 129, 134, 146 Drummond, George, 152 Drummond, Lady, 31 Drummond of Lundin, John, 98, 100 Drummond of Quarrel, John, 7, 1367, 141, 14257 Duff, Archibald, 134 Duff, Francis, 134 Duff, Robert, 134 Duff network, 1335 Duff of Dipple, William, 133 Duff of Premnay, Patrick, 1334 Dumfries, 205, 206 Dumfries, William Crichton, second Earl of, 45 Duncan, Alexander, 135 Dundas, Henry, 198 Dundas, Robert, 143 Dundas, Sir Laurence, 153 Dundee, John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount, 31 Dundonald, Earl of, 152 Dunedin, New Zealand, 181, 182, 183 Dunfermline, countess of, 49 Dunmore, William Murray, third Earl of, 31 Dunn, William, 85, 86, 87 Dutch Republic, 6, 9, 93108, 138, 145 academic links with Scotland, 968, 108 Robert Livingston and, 1047 Scottish staple port in, 94, 96, 97, 98, 100, 108 trade and colonization, 936, 99108 troops, 22 Dutton, Sir Richard, 90 Duval dEprmesnil, Jean-Jacques, 171 Eden Treaty (1786), 169 Edinburgh, 7, 9, 10, 23, 47 booksellers, 98 James Greenshields and, 59, 60, 61, 623, 68 Porteous Riot (1736), 132 University of, 96, 97, 161, 162, 167 Edinburgh Review, 203, 204 education and training Calvinism and, 512 Caribbean wealth and, 206

Covenanters, 65, 77, 96, 98 Covenanting Revolution (1638), 74 Cowan, Robert, governor of Bengal, 138 Crecy, Comte Louis Verjus de, 48, 50 Crichton, Alexander, 49 Crichton, Francis, 49 Cromwell, Oliver, 5, 101 Cruikshanks, James, 89 Cryer, Commissary Benjamin, 77 Culloden, battle of (1746), 28, 31, 52, 56, 150 aftermath of, 156, 157, 194 Cumberland, William Augustus, Duke of (Butcher Cumberland), 28, 150 Cumming of Pitulie, 150 Cunningham, Robert, 120 Cunninghame, Charles, 83 Curphey, Thomas, 86 customs and excise, 125, 126, 131 Dalrymple, John, second Earl of Stair see Stair, John Dalrymple, second Earl of Dalrymple and Graham (shipping agents), 127, 136 Dalyrmple of North Berwick, Sir Hew, 14950 Darien scheme (1690s), 93, 107, 123, 124, 125, 132 Darvall, John, 105 Darvall, William, 103, 104 Darvall network, 1034, 107 De Graaf, Laurens, 78 Decker, Sir Matthew, 137, 146 Declaration of Breda (1660), 44 Defoe, Daniel, 16, 60, 72, 73 Demerara colony, 201, 202, 203 Dempster, George, 154 Denmark, 138, 139 diamonds, 136 diaspora see Scottish diaspora Dickson, John, 79, 812 Dickson, William, 193 Dongan, Thomas, governor of New York, 106 Douai (Scots college), 4, 43, 48, 51, 55 Douglas, Charles, 176 Douglas, James, 118 Douglas, Walter, 84 Douglas, William, 116

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Index Catholic colleges, 434, 48, 51, 52, 53, 55 mercantile, 94, 108 Scottish students in Holland, 96, 97 technical, 162 see also university education Elibank, Alexander, 154 Elibank, Patrick Murray, fifth Lord, 153, 154 Elibank Plot (1753), 139, 154 Elizabeth I, Queen, 93 Elizabeth II, Queen, 18990 Elphinstone, Captain William Fullarton, 151, 153 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 185 English Company, 125 English East India Company, 7, 89, 125, 128, 129, 131, 137, 139, 14157, 206 English liturgy, 5974 entrepreneurship, 5, 6, 117, 122, 123, 126, 128, 130, 132, 138, 139 see also global adventuring; networks; MacDowell, William; Playfair, William Episcopalians, 2, 4, 6, 7, 31, 33, 36, 52, 59, 6074, 77, 82, 128, 131, 1357 Errol, Earl of, 147 Erskine, John, sixth Earl of Mar see Mar, John Erskine, sixth Earl of Erskines of Mar, 55 Etherege, Sir George, 47, 48, 53 Eugene, Prince, 18, 19 Eugene, Prince of Savoy, 16 evangelicalism, 90 Exclusion Crisis (167981), 97 Fair, John, 34 Faussett, Rev. Mr, 83, 86 Ferguson, Adam, 89 Ferguson, Dugald, 185 Field, Rev. James, 75, 84, 87, 88, 91 Figtree network, 11216 fishing, 105, 129, 131, 132, 133, 139, 175 Fitzjames, James, Duke of Berwick see Berwick, James Fitzjames, Duke of Five Articles of Perth (1618), 65 Flanders, 17, 1920 Fleming, Thomas (Placid), 458, 49, 50, 51, 534, 56 Fletcher, Andrew see Milton, Lord

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Galt, John, 175 Garden, Alexander, 8990 Gascoigne, Sir Bernard, 47 General Assembly of the Kirk see Kirk George I, 27, 80, 82 George II, 27 George III, 175, 189, 190 Georgia, colony of, 139 Gibson, Edmund, Bishop of London, 86 Gibson, Walter, 111, 113 Gilmour, Sir Alex, 153 Glasgow, 112, 117, 120, 122, 128 abolition debates in, 205 pro-slavery petition, 196, 197 riots in, 60, 131, 142 sugar trade and, 109, 11011 tobacco lords in, 127, 132, 135 West India Association, 199200, 202, 2034, 206 Glen, Sander Leendertsen, 102 global adventuring, 1, 7, 12339, 155, 1759 see also entrepreneurship; Scottish diaspora

Fletcher, Sir Robert, 151 Fletcher (sailor), 39 Forbes, Duncan, 143 Forbes, Lord, 156 Forbin, Claude de Forbin, comte de, 18 Foulis, Charles, 154 Fowle, John, 90 France, 9, 17, 27 abolition of slavery, 198 Flanders military campaign, 17, 1920 invasion scares, 60, 61 Leeward Islands, 115, 116, 117, 127 Mississippi Project, 129, 131, 132, 133, 137, 145, 155 Franciscans, 45 Franois I of France, 18 Franklin, Benjamin, 162, 165, 166, 167 Fraser, Simon, eleventh Lord Lovat see Lovat, Simon Fraser, eleventh Lord Frederick II of Prussia, 9 Freeman, William, 111, 112, 113 French East India Company, 129 French Revolution (1789), 1, 1011, 159, 171 Fuller, Stephen, 197

274

Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Hamilton of Reidhouse, 150 Hancock, D., 122 Handasyd, Thomas, governor of Jamaica, 7980, 81, 856 Hanover Alliance, 27 Hanoverians, 1, 3, 7, 9, 11, 14, 57, 124, 145, 156 George I, 27, 80, 82 George II, 27 George III, 175, 189, 190 Hardie, James Keir, 190 Hardwicke, Phillip Yorke, first Earl of, 150, 151 Harley family, 146 Harrison, Edward, 146 Harwood, James, 104 Hatton, Ragnhild, 16 Hay, Father John, 47 Hay, John, 150 Hay, John, Earl of Inverness see Inverness, John Hay, Earl of Henry IV, 18 Henry VIII, 18 Heyrick, Elizabeth, 201, 202, 205 Heywood, Peter, 79, 80, 82, 87 Hiatt, Alfred, 179 High Party of the Church of England, 67, 69 Highlands, 4, 9, 13, 23, 27, 28, 186 Catholics, 44 cattle trade, 127 clergy, 56, 57 integration policy, 149, 152 labour transplanted to Georgia, 139 missionary schools, 51 patronage, 151 pro-slavery campaign, 2067 regiments, 151 sheep farming, 131 students in Scots colleges, 55 Hogg, William, 185 Holland, John, 131 Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, 47 Hood, Tom, 187 Hope, Archibald and Thomas, 100 House of Lords, 4, 59, 63, 71, 198 Houstoun, William and Alexander, 119 Huber, Ulric, 97 Hudson Bay Company, 102

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Habsburgs, 27, 55 Haiti, 203, 205 Haldane, James, 150 Haldane, Robert, 150 Halkett, Sir Peter, 147 Hamilton, Governor Walter, 83 Hamilton, James, fourth Duke of, 33 Hamilton, Lieutenant-General Richard, 17 Hamilton, Lord Archibald, governor of Jamaica, 79, 802, 87 Hamilton, Walter, 84, 889, 115, 116, 120

Glorious Revolution see Revolution of 1688 Gold Rush (1860s Otago), 185, 186 Goldie, Frederick, 72 Goldsmith, Oliver, 187, 188 golf, 156 Gordon, Alexander Gordon, second Duke of, 52 Gordon, Alexander (Principal of Scots College), 170 Gordon, Bishop James, 51, 52, 56, 57 Gordon, John, fifteenth Earl of Sutherland see Sutherland, John Gordon, fifteenth Earl of Gordon, William, 83 Gordon family, 43 Gordon of Banchory, James, 66 Graham, James, 106 Graham, James, first Duke of Montrose see Montrose, James Graham, first Duke of Graham, Margaret see Margaret, Lady Nairne Graham of Airth (the Younger), 150 Grand Tour, 108, 175 Grange, James Erskine, Lord, 63, 69 Grant, Captain Alex, 151 Grant, Sir Alexander (MP), 153 Grant of Ballindalloch, James, 196 Grant of Monymusk, Sir Archibald, 130 graphical statistics, 159, 1646, 1689, 170 Gray, Lord, 161 Greenland, 99 Greenshields, James, 4, 5974 Gregg, Edward, 16 Grub, George, 91 Guthrie, James, 65

Index Hughes, Hugh, 534 Hughes, Lewis, 77 Huguenots, 6, 83, 85 Hume, David, 10 Hunter, Robert, 85, 106 Huntly, Alexander Gordon, Marquis of, 23 Hutton, James, 161 Imperial Diet, 47, 48, 50, 53 indentured servants, 111, 112, 113 India, 7, 136, 138, 144, 151, 153 Innes, Louis, 45, 48, 49, 53, 545 Innes, Walter, 49 Innovators, 67 Inverness, 22, 206 Inverness, John Hay, Earl of, 26 Ireland, 14, 22, 23, 27, 48, 53, 60, 79, 81, 86, 141 Irish clergy, 6, 49, 83, 84, 85, 86, 91 Irish planters, 120 Irish troops, 19, 23, 49 Irvine, Charles, 83 Islay, Archibald Campbell, Earl of (later third Duke of Argyll), 7, 133, 137, 139, 143, 145, 147, 149, 152 Isle of Lewis, 99 severing ties with fathers servants, 55 Whig view of, 1517 Jamison, David, 106 Jansenism, 4, 56 Jay, John, 167 Jeaffreson, Christopher, 111, 113 Jefferson, Thomas, 162 Jenkins, Sir Lionel, 47 Jesuits, 45, 52, 56 Johnston, Gideon, 85 Johnstone, John, 154 Johnstone, Sir James, 1534 Johnstone, William, 79, 82, 88 Johnstones of Westerhall, 1534, 206

275

Jacobite rising (1715), 3, 9, 11, 14, 15, 216, 38, 52, 128, 131, 135, 136 Jacobite rising (1745), 3, 9, 11, 40, 567, 134 Jamaica, 7882, 857, 90, 99, 111, 126, 127, 136, 137, 139, 166, 176, 177, 1945, 198 James VI & I, 5, 65 James VII & II, 3, 4, 5, 9, 17, 45, 545, 97, 98 and Catholic clergy, 46, 47, 48, 49 as commander-in-chief, 13, 14 in exile, 49 flight of, 31, 48 Irish campaign, 489 and New York, 102, 105, 106 James VIII & III, 3, 13, 14, 57 as commander-in-chief, 218 and death of George I, 27 military education in France, 1718 military service in Flanders, 1920 raising Jacobite morale, 234 reasons for withdrawal from Perth, 246

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Lampsins, Cornelis and Adriaen, 100, 107 Lang, Samuel, 77 Langton, Dominick, 87 Lascelles, Daniel, 136 Lauderdale, John Maitland, first Duke of, 66 Lauds Liturgy (1637), 65, 66, 67, 68, 724, 77 Law, John, 10, 131, 145 Le Jau, Rev. Dr Francis, 83, 85 lead mining, 1301, 136 Leeward Islands, 84, 87, 11022 see also Nevis; Antigua; Montserrat; St Kitts Leighton of Dunblane, Bishop Robert, 65 Leisler, Jacob, 104, 106 Leopold I, Emperor, 47

Katherine, Lady Murray (later countess of Tullibardine), 31, 323, 34, 37 Keir, James, 163, 164 Keith, George, Earl Marischal, 147, 151, 152 Keith, Sir William, 8, 106 Kidd, Captain, 106 Kinnoul, Earl of, 147, 152 Kinross, Andrew, 185 Kirk, 4, 51, 52, 57, 59, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 70, 161 Knoxs Liturgy, 65 in Rotterdam, 96 Kniblo, James, 98 Knight, Joseph, 194, 195 Knox, James, 84, 88 Knoxs Liturgy (Book of Common Order), 65

276

Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Mackay, Jessie, 183, 185 Mackenzie, George, 5, 8, 97 Mackenzie of Delvine, John, 143, 1512 Mackie, Boniface, 49 Mackintosh, John and Henry, 100 Mackintoshes of Borlum, 138 Mackleir, Hans, 1001 Macleane, Lauchlin, 155 MacLennan, John, 185 Macleod, Captain Alexander, 151, 153 Macpherson, James Fingal, 154 Macpherson, Sir John, 154 MacQueen, James, 2034, 206 MacRae, Governor James, 138 MacSwiney, Terence, 190 Maitland, John, 129 Malcolm, Alexander, 108 Malcolms of Jamaica, 197 Malplaquet, battle of (1709), 19 Malt Tax, 142 Mar, John Erskine, sixth Earl of, 16, 212, 26, 35, 38 Margaret, Lady Nairne, 3, 2930, 345, 401 as facilitator, 34, 356 family history, 304 on James VIII and III, 19, 20 journey south in 1708, 3840 networking skills, 3840 Margetson, James, Bishop of Dublin, 86 Marlborough, John Churchill, first Duke of, 18, 19, 39, 129 marriage bargaining, 301 Marston, Edward, 85 Mary II of England, 31, 50 see also William III Mary of Modena, 18, 48, 73 see also James VII & II Mary Queen of Scots, 43 Maryland, 104, 127 Maskelyne, Neville, 161 Maule, Robert, 85 Maximilian II Emmanuel, Elector of Bavaria, 17 Maxwell, Edward, 48 Maxwell, Thomas, 49, 83 Maxwell family, 43 Mead, Penelope, 118 Mead, William, 112, 113

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Macaulay, Zachary, 193 MacCallman, Nicholas, 79, 82 McCormick, E. H., 185 Macdonald, Alan, 57 Macdonald, Alexander, 151 Macdonald, Flora, 29 Macdonald, Hugh, 56, 57 MacDonalds of Sleat, 152 McDowall, William, 67, 10922, 197 McGilvary, George, 7 McInally, Thomas, 4

Leslie, Alexander, 44, 45, 49 Leslie, Count James, 50, 54 Leslie, John, Bishop of Clogher, 778 Leslie, Sir Patrick, fifth Laird of Kincraigie, 77 Leslie, Walter, 50 Leslie, William, 44, 478, 51, 54, 55, 77, 87 Lindsay, David, 98 linen exports, 8 Liverpool, 80, 111, 119, 125, 127, 132, 197, 200 Livingston, Robert, 6, 96, 103, 1047 Livingston, William, 104 London, 20, 30, 3940, 45, 77, 812, 103, 111, 116, 117, 118, 125, 12731, 1337, 152, 153, 157, 160, 1656 see also Westminster Parliament Londonderry, Bishop of, 85 Londonderry, Lord, governor of St Kitts, 117 Long Island, 99, 102 Louis de France, duc de Bourgogne see Bourgogne, Louis de France, duc de Louis XIV of France, 4, 17, 18, 19, 49, 54 Louis XVI of France, 169, 170 Lovat, Simon Fraser, eleventh Lord, 22 Lovelace, Governor, 103 Lowlands, 9, 25, 181, 185 Catholics, 45 clergy, 56, 57 gentry, 151 malt tax unrest, 27 Lowther, Robert, 83 Lunar Society, 159, 162, 163, 165 Lyell, Henry, 146 Lynch, Sir Thomas, 789, 91 Lyon, Elizabeth, 151

Index Mead family, 116 Meikle, Andrew, 162 Melfort, John, first Earl of, 50 Menadier, Daniel, 85 Menzies of Pitfodels, 55 merchants, 97, 100, 102, 108, 167, 169 Colonel William McDowall, 10922 Dutch, 99101 in Glasgow, 122, 127 pro-slavery, 194, 197 see also networks Methodists, 90 Middleton, Charles Middleton, second Earl of, 47 migration see Scottish diaspora Militia Act (1757), 9, 150 Milliken, James, 67, 109, 113, 115, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122 Milton, Andrew Fletcher, Lord, 143, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153 missionaries, 1, 4, 4458, 7591, 84, 87, 91 Mississippi Project, 129, 131, 132, 133, 137, 145, 155 Mitchell, John, 856 mock elegy, 1767 monopolies, 1256, 199, 201 see also English East India Company Monro, Alexander, Principal of Edinburgh University, 68 Montrose, James Graham, first Duke of, 15 Montserrat, 83, 84, 89 Moore, James, 85 Morellet, Andr, 165, 16970 Morgan, Sir Henry, 78 Morris, Gideon, 100, 107 Morrison, Major John, 151 Moy, Hero, 104, 107, 108 Munroe, Robert, 49 Murray, Andrew, 88 Murray, James, 31 Murray, Lord Charles, 37 Murray, Lord George, 30 Murray, Lord William see Nairne, William, second Lord Murray of Garth, Lord James, 37 Murray of Stanhope, Sir Alexander, 130 Musselburgh, 205, 206, 207

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oaths of allegiance, 31, 78, 90 Ogilvy, James (son of Lord Airlie), 148 Ogilvy, John, 147 Ogilvy, Lord David, 154, 195 Ogilvy, Lord James, 142 Oldmixon, John, 126 Oliphant of Gask, Laurence, 31

Nairne, Robert, first Lord, 30 Nairne, William, second Lord, 302, 334, 40 see also Margaret, Lady Nairne National Covenant (1638), 4, 64, 65, 73 Navigation Acts, 5, 101, 1023, 104, 114, 115, 1245 Nesbitt, Andrew, 84 Netherlands, 17, 22, 27, 53, 94, 97, 104, 105 see also Dutch Republic networks, 1038, 1235, 1278, 196 Duff, 1335 Episcopalian, 1357 Figtree, 11216 mercantile, 99100, 1034, 11819, 208 Playfair, 159, 161, 162, 165, 166, 167, 168, 1702 Nevis, island of, 11011, 112, 113 New Holland (Australia), 179, 181 New Netherland colony, 6, 100, 1015 New Sweden, 1001 New York, 1027 New Zealand, 174, 18091 Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, first Duke of, 149 Newfoundland, 99, 175 newspapers, 171, 2045 Nicholls, Richard, 105 Nicholson, Bishop Thomas, 49, 501, 55 Nicholson, Sir George, 51 Nicholson of Kemnay, Sir Thomas, 50 Nicolson, William (later Bishop of Carlisle), 68 Nine Years War (168897), 4, 50, 54 Nisbet, Sir John, 97 Nithsdale, Lady, 39 Norfolk, Thomas Howard, eighth Duke of, 130 Norfolk Company, 130 Nova Scotia, 99, 102

278

Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Philip V of Spain, 23 Philippe de Bourbon, duc de Orlans see Orlans, Philippe de Bourbon, duc de Pinney, Azariah, 116 piracy, 46, 78, 85, 106, 128 Pitcairn, Archibald, 97 plantations, 5, 67, 89, 111, 166, 176 planters: anti-abolitionists, 1969, 202, 2034 compensation for, 207 Figtree network, 11216 Playfair, James, 161 Playfair, John, 159, 160, 161, 162 Playfair, William, 10, 15972 Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect (Burns), 17481 Poker Club, 9 Poley, Edmund, 47 political patronage see patronage Porteous Riot (1736), Edinburgh, 132 Portland, Henry Bentinck, first Duke of (governor of Jamaica), 87 Portugal, 5, 110, 127, 139 Presbyterianism, 1, 4, 7, 33, 367, 82, 123, 135, 137 in Carolina, 85, 89 Greenshields case, 57, 59, 61, 62, 63, 645, 667, 68, 70, 713 New Zealand, 181, 185 patriotism and, 67 Price, Richard, 165, 166, 167, 168 Priestley, Joseph, 165, 166, 167 privateering, 80 pro-slavery lobby, 194, 195208 Propaganda Fide, Congregation of, 44, 45, 48, 51, 55, 56, 57 Pulteney, Daniel, 154 Puritans, 44 Pyke, Vincent, 185 Quakers, 89, 90 quantitative easing, 10 Quartering Act, 79 Queensberry, James Douglas, second Duke of, 52

Orcadians, 102 Orkney, George Douglas-Hamilton, Earl of, 37, 79 Orlans, Philippe de Bourbon, duc de, 18, 23 Ormonde, James Butler, second Duke of, 21, 23 Orr, Simon, 84 Ostend East India Company, 138 Oswald, Richard, 120 Otago, New Zealand, 1801, 1835 Ottoman Empire, 9, 50 Ouchterlony, Alexander, 1301, 134, 136 Ouchterlony, George, 1301, 134, 136 Oudenarde, battle of (1708), 15, 19 Owen, John, 16 Oxford, Robert Harley, Earl of, 145 Painter, William, 88 Panmure, Lord, 38 Panmure, Margaret Maule, countess of, 32, 33, 36, 379, 40 papal bulls, 56 Paris Anglo-American peace negotiations (17823), 167 Scots College, 44, 45, 46, 48, 51, 55, 56, 578, 170 Stuart court in exile, 23, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55 William Playfair and, 159, 16971 Parke, Daniel, governor of the Leeward Islands, 84 Parker, Captain Robert, 15 Patriot Party, 8 patriotism, 1, 56, 8, 9, 10, 11, 67, 139, 183 patronage, 7, 1378, 166, 168, 169, 1701, 196 English East India Company, 14157 Pelham, Rt Hon. Henry, 149, 150 penal laws, 4, 43, 52, 57 Prier brothers, 170 Persia, 138 Perth, 15, 16, 22, 246 Perth, Earls of, 145, 147 Perth, Five Articles of (1618), 65 Perth, James Drummond, Duke of, 4950 Peter the Great of Russia, 9 Petrie, John, 196

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Index Raleigh, Sir Walter, 110 Ramsay, Gilbert, 84 Ramsay, James (deprived Bishop of Ross), 59, 62 Ramsay of Birse, Gilbert, 823 Ramsey, James, 204 Rattray, John, 156 Rattray, Thomas, Bishop of Dunkeld, 66 Read, Ephraim, 49 Read, Gabriel, 183 Regensburg, Bavaria, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56 Rennie, John, 162 Restoration (Stuart monarchy), 96, 98, 101 Revolution of 1688, 1, 2, 5, 9, 14, 48, 96, 124, 141 Rigby, Richard, 80 Robertson, Robert, 84, 90 Robertson, William, 161 Robertson of Lude, John, 31 Robinson, John, 82 Robison, Professor John, 162 Romanticism, 1, 11, 173, 187 Rome, 44, 45, 47, 48, 54, 56 Romilly, Samuel, 166, 167 Rose, Bishop Alexander, 61, 72, 196 Ross, Lady Mary (second Duchess of Atholl), 367 Rotterdam, 94, 96, 97, 103, 104, 105, 128, 130, 135 see also Dutch Republic Roxburgh, John Ker, fifth Duke of, 142 Royal African Company, 113, 125, 128, 129, 130, 1334, 137, 139, 146 Royal Bank of Scotland, 1312 see also banking Royal Navy, 1, 46, 134 Royal Society of Edinburgh, 167 rum trade, 7, 127, 137, 139 Russell, Andrew, 100, 103, 104, 107 Russia, 9, 138 St Andrews Day (30th November), 183 St German en Laye, Paris, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55 St Jamess monastery, Regensburgh, 46, 55, 56 St John, Henry, first Viscount Bolingbroke see Bolingbroke, Henry St John, first Viscount

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St Kitts (St Christopher), 7, 84, 88, 89, 90, 110, 111, 112, 11522, 127 Saint-Morys, Count, 171 Salmon, Thomas, 177, 178 Sandelin, Jacob Evertsen, 101 Schottenklster (Scottish cloisters), 4, 43, 48 Schuyler, Alida, 103, 105 Schuyler, Philip, 105 Schuyler family, 106 Scioto Company scheme, 171 Scot, David, 8 Scots Brigade, 96 Scots College, Paris, 44, 45, 46, 48, 51, 55, 56, 578, 170 Scott, John, 87 Scott, Sir Walter, 16 Scottish diaspora, 11, 44, 46, 55, 95, 967, 99100, 105, 108, 121, 139, 174, 176, 1801, 1834, 191 Scottish diaspora writers, 18591 Scottish identity, 5, 64, 67, 73 Scottish Parliament, 24, 70 Scottish Prayer Book, 723 Scrope, Baron John, 143 Seaforth, Colin MacKenzie, first Earl of, 100 Seaforth, Lady, 39 Selkirk, Charles, Earl of, 37 Sempill, Robert, 177 Seton, Robert, 49 Seven Years War (175663), 151, 153 Shah Alam, Emperor, 153 Shakespeare, William, 187, 188 Sharp, James, Archbishop of St Andrews, 66 Sharpe, William, 83 Shawfield mansion, Glasgow, 117 Shawfield riots (1725), Glasgow, 131, 142 sheep farming, 131 Sheffield, Lord, 165 Shelburne, William Petty, Earl of, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170 Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 188 Sheridan, R. B., 119, 1201 Sheriffmuir, battle of (1715), 22, 23, 52 shipping, 119, 143, 150, 154 shipping agents, 127 Sibbald, Sir Robert, 97, 98 Sierra Leone, 199, 203 Simpson, William, 135, 181

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Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Stapleton, William, 112, 113, 115, 120 Steell, Sir John, 181 Stepney, George, 54 Steuart, Sir James (of Goodtrees), 9, 10 Stewart, Alexander, 1501 Stewart, Dugald, 166, 1678 Stewart, John, 80, 154 Stewart, Sir James, 155 Stirke, Rev. George, 77, 89 Stirling, Archibald, 139, 151 Stirling, Harry, 151 Stirling, Robert, 139 Stirling Bridge, battle of (1297), 182 Stirling network, 1357 Stirling of Keir, Archibald, 151 Stirlings of Keir, 138, 152 Strachan, Thomas, 49 Stratford, Dr William, 146 Strathallan, William Drummond, fourth Viscount, 31 Strathmore, Earl of, 152 Stuart, Abbot Bernard, 56 Stuart, Charles Edward, 154 Stuart, Colonel James, 154 Stuart, Dugald, 161 Stuart, House of, 1, 4, 5, 8, 18, 96, 98, 101, 124, 130, 141, 142 see also James VI & I; Charles I; Charles II; James VII & II; James VIII & III; Anne Stuart, Matthew, 161 Stuart W.S. of Craigthorn, Andrew, 154 sugar trade, 6, 7, 104, 106, 10922, 127, 132, 137, 139, 166, 198, 200, 201, 207 Sulivan, Laurence, 143, 154, 155 Sunderland, Charles Spencer, third Earl of, 81 Surinam, 76, 89, 100, 101, 104, 107 Sutherland, Lieutenant-General John Gordon, fifteenth Earl of, 22 Sweden, 100 Swedish East India Company, 134, 138 Swedish empire, 14 Swift, Jonathan, Gullivers Travels, 179

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Sinclair, James, 48 Sinclair, John, Master of Sinclair, 15 Skelton, Bevil, 47 slate quarrying, 133 slave revolts, 115, 198, 201, 202, 204 slave trade, 11, 125, 126, 127, 138, 199 slavery, 90, 110, 112, 113, 114, 132, 176, 193208 Knight vs Wedderburn case (1778), 194, 195 religion and, 89 Somerset case (1772), 194 white, 128 Slezer, Jan, 98 Slovenia, 50, 54 Small, Rev. Robert, 161, 163 Small, William, 162 Smith, Adam, 10, 160, 161, 193 Smith, Alexander, 57 Smith, Daniel, 112, 113 Smith, John, 201 Smith, William, 83 Smollett, Tobias, 180 smuggling, 127, 132 Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade, 194 Soho Manufactory, 162, 163, 165, 170 sojourners, 111, 119, 121 Solemn League and Covenant (1643), 64 see also Covenanters South America, 138, 177 South Carolina, 90 see also Carolinas South Sea Bubble, 1323 South Sea Company, 125, 127, 128, 129, 131, 138, 142, 145 Spain, 5, 9, 14, 27, 110 Spence, James, 79, 878 SPG (Society for the Promotion of the Gospel), 83, 87 Spotswood, Alexander, 106 Spreull, John, 107, 123 SSPCK (Scottish Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge), 512 Stair, John Dalrymple, first Viscount, 97 Stair, John Dalrymple, second Earl of, 8, 19 Stanley, Lord, 205 Stapleton, Lady Frances, 89

Tabor, Richard, 7980, 81, 82 Teller, Andries, 102, 105, 106 Teller, William, 102

Index textile trade, 32, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 136, 139 Thirty-Nine Articles, 634 see also Church of England Thirty Years War (161848), 50, 100 Thompson, George, 205 Threipland, George, 148 Threipland, Sir David, 148 Threiplands of Gask, 138 Tierra del Fuego, 1778 timber/timber trade, 35, 128, 129, 133 tobacco lords, 123, 127, 132, 135 tobacco trade, 7, 102, 104, 127, 132 Tobago, island of, 99, 107, 196, 198 Toleration Act (1712), 59, 60, 69, 72, 83 Tooke, John Horne, 166 Tories, 4, 9, 27, 124, 1256, 138, 142 see also Whigs Tovey, Thomas, 112, 113 Treaty of Amiens (1802), 171 Treaty of Breda (1667), 107 Treaty of Ryswick (1697), 54 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1632), 99 Treaty of Union (1707), 1, 23, 5, 9, 22, 33, 39, 59, 63, 70, 71, 94, 95, 114, 123, 124, 1267, 155, 183 Treaty of Utrecht (1713), 7, 80, 81, 120, 127, 145 Treaty of Westminster (1674), 102 Trinity College Dublin, 75, 85, 89 Trouillard, Phillippe, 85 True Account of the Proceedings at Perth (Defoe), 1516 Truman, Thomas, 118 Tucker, Thomas, 112 Tullibardine, Lord John Murray, Earl of (later first Duke of Atholl), 29 Tullibardine, William, Lord, 37 Tullidelph, Walter, 116 University of St Andrews, 1601 Urquhart, Captain John, 134 Urquhart of Meldrum, William, 134 Urquharts of Meldrum, 52 Utrecht see Treaty of Utrecht

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Wade, General George, 27 Wallace, John, 56 Wallace, William, 5, 182 Wallenstein, Count, 50 Walpole, Sir Robert, 7, 8, 124, 133, 137, 138, 1424, 146, 147, 149, 153 see also Whigs War of Spanish Succession (170213), 3, 115, 127, 129, 137, 145 War of the Austrian Succession (174048), 146 War of the Three Kingdoms (163951), 72, 98 Warner, Thomas, 110 Warren, Father, 82

Van Cortlandt, Jacobus, 104, 107 Van Cortlandt, Stephanus, 106 Van Cortlandt family, 105 Van den Bosch, Laurentius, 85 Van der Brent, Agatha, 145 Van Rensselaer, Jan Baptist, 105 Van Rensselaer, Nicholas, 105 Van Rensselaer family, 103, 106 Van Schaick, Livinius, 106 Van Solingen, Josuah, 98 Vaughan, Benjamin, 165, 166, 167 Vaughan, Samuel, 165, 166 Veere, Staple at, 94, 96, 97, 98, 100, 108 Vendme, Marshal Louis de Vendme, duc de, 19 Vergennes, Comte de, 169 Vetch, Samuel, 106 Vienna, 47, 54, 175 siege of (1684), 50 Vienna Alliance, 27 Villars, Louis-Hector de Villars, duc de, 18, 19, 20 Virginia, 85, 86, 87, 99, 127, 135 VOC (Dutch East India Company), 108 Voetius, Gijsbertus, 96

Ulster, 48, 99, 138 Union of the Crowns (1603), 5, 66 Unionist Nationalism, 183 university education, 96, 97, 98, 108, 1601, 1678 University of Edinburgh, 96, 97, 161, 162, 167 University of Otago, 181, 189, 191

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Jacobitism, Enlightenment and Empire, 16801820 Whitehaven, Cumbria, 127 WIC (Dutch West India Company), 99, 102, 103, 107 Wickham, Benjamin, 88 Wilberforce, William, 196, 197, 2078 Wilkes, John, 166 Wilkie, William, 161 William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland see Cumberland, William Augustus, Duke of William III, 2, 5, 14, 31, 44, 48, 50, 53, 54, 68, 79, 82, 107 Williamson, Atkins, 85, 86, 87 Williamson, David, 67 Williamson, John, 204 Willison, John, 72 Willoughby of Parham, Francis, Lord, 78 Wilson, William, 165 Windsor, Thomas Lord, 90 Winster, Alexander, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50 Wodrow, Rev. Robert, 57 Woodmason, Charles, 84 Wordsworth, Josias, 146 Yeamans, William, 88 York, James, Duke of see James VII & II York Buildings Company, 12931, 132, 133, 139 Young, Sir William, 197 Zellars, James, 78

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Warrington Dissenting Academy, 166 Wars of Scottish Independence, 5, 182, 183 Wars of the Three Kingdoms (163951), 43, 72 Watt, James, 159, 161, 1624, 165, 166, 169, 170, 171 Watt, John, 118 Watt, Thomas, 129, 134 wealth creation, 10, 124, 125, 144 Webster, Alexander, 57 Wedderburn, James, 1945, 206 Wedderburn, Robert, 194 Wedderburn, Sir John, 1945, 207 Wedgwood, Thomas, 166 Westminster Confession of Faith (1645), 64 Westminster Parliament, 13, 22, 70, 72, 133, 142, 143, 147, 149, 150, 197 abolition of slavery, 198, 203, 205, 206 Whigs, 1, 9, 37, 124, 125, 128, 134, 137, 139 aftermath of Culloden, 156 Club of Honest Whigs, 166, 167 EIC patronage and, 142, 143, 145, 1478, 150, 152 Lowland gentry, 151 and opinion of James VIII and III, 1516 patriotism, 8 wealth creation, 126 see also Tories; Walpole, Sir Robert White, James, 82, 87, 88 white slavery, 128 see also slavery