2010 2011

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NSS Study Companion
John Millen
Foreword
Dear Readers
So many of you have asked for more NSS material that we have decided to produce a whole book on it. Author John Millen is known to all our regular readers for his book reviews, vocabulary pages and, of course, his NSS material, which we use each week in Young Post. That made him the perfect choice to write this companion. The social issues section uses stories from Young Post and the main paper which address modern Hong Kong and the choices its people face on a day-to-day basis. Some time ago we did an article on what to put into your NSS and liberal studies backpack. While many students in Hong Kong feel they dont have time to read, movies, books and lm are now crucial to your education. They are not merely tools for learning English, but tools for life. So here is my personal selection of works that have had a profound effect on my life and thinking, and I hope they serve you just as well: To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. One man stands against a town in the name of truth and justice. This is an inspiration to all of us to have the courage to do what is right. Conversations with God by Neale Donald Walsch. A controversial take on why were here. A man fed up with his life writes a letter of complaint to God and gets an unexpected answer. Wolf of the Plains by Conn Iggulden is the ctional story of the early life of Genghis Khan. It shows what lateral thinking, courage and social engineering can achieve. Twelve Angry Men. The play, which became a movie, shows 12 ordinary men serving jury duty to determine the fate of an underprivileged teen. Prejudices and bigotry surface to expose the aws in the criminal legal system. It shows the importance of critical thinking in a life or death issue.
NSS Study Companion

by Young Post South China Morning Post Publishers Limited Author John Millen First Published September 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of South China Morning Post Publishers Limited. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publishers prior consent in any form of binding or convert other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. South China Morning Post Publishers Limited Morning Post Centre, 22 Dai Fat Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2680 8822 Website: http://www.scmp.com Printed and published in Hong Kong
Dances with Wolves. Kevin Costners epic tale of a white man living amongst the Lakota, a Native American tribe, when the frontier was still a place for dispute. It strips away racial prejudices and shows life from a different perspective without feeling the need to whitewash the facts. The Emerald Forest. Before Avatar, global warming and ecological awareness was John Boormans tale about plans to build a hydro dam in the Amazon and its effect on the locals. Oh The Places Youll Go. Dr Seuss doesnt only write entertaining books for children. This is still a perennial favourite among graduating students, as it captures a winning life philosophy. It tells the reader that failure is inevitable and something to be embraced. But more importantly, it urges them to go out and live their lives to the fullest. This Young Post NSS Companion is a start, a friend on a great journey of discovery that awaits anyone with an open mind, and enhances the skills of critical thinking. Hopefully it will spark within you the yearning to nd out more about the world in which you live. Warm regards Susan Ramsay Editor, Young Post
Author bio
BA, Cert Ed, is a former Head of Languages in a top band high school in the North of England. He is experienced in in-school lesson planning and writing language course materials at national textbook and local school group levels. During his time in British classrooms, John taught English and French with the occasional lesson of Latin, Spanish and German. A keen linguist, he has always put great emphasis on teaching languages as practical and lively subjects, a skill which he now brings to his English language pages in the Young Post. John has worked with British examination boards in syllabus preparation, setting examination questions and marking, and moderating coursework. He understands and appreciates the concerns students face when learning a second language and his approach to both writing language material and classroom teaching has always kept these concerns in focus. Learning a language should be exciting, useful and relevant, qualities which John tries to bring to his Young Post pages. The material that John has written in the Companion you are now holding is authentic, up-to-date, lively and interesting. A keen ction reader since his early teens, John always has at least two novels on his bedside table. Writing the Sunday Young Post book reviews is something he particularly enjoys because telling others about a good book is a wonderful thing to do. There are some brilliant Young Adult novels in bookshops at the moment and sharing some of them with Young Post readers is something John enjoys very much. Books are just one area of culture that John appreciates. He is a keen theatre-goer, movie-buff and loves art and all sorts of music. His theatre interests range from opera to anything produced at the National Theatre in London and the Royal Exchange in Manchester. His enthusiasm for theatre comes in very handy when writing the NSS Drama page in the Young Post. John enjoys sharing his cultural interests with anyone who will listen and strongly believes that introducing young people to the arts and culture is worthwhile and very rewarding. July 2010
John Millen
NSS Study Companion

John Millen
South China Morning Post Publishers

This book is sponsored by
Contents
Chapter Page
8 14 20 26 32
Chapter
Page
Poetry
l A load of nonsense l A eld of daffodils l It is sweet and right
74 80 86
Social issues
l Its a dogs life l Compensated dating l School at the double l A matter of trust l Little lm, big impact
Popular culture
l Something in the swamp l Gorillaz in the mist l Justin causes chaos
92 98 104
Drama
l A curious entertainment l The Rise and Fall of Little Voice l The Miracle Worker
38 44 50
Sports communication
l Soccers quiet communicator 110
Debating
l Start an argument
114
Short stories
Workplace communication
56 62 68 l Capturing life at its best 118
l The Pied Piper of Hamelin l The Red-headed League l The Monkeys Paw
Answers A word from our sponsor
122 128
66
77
Social issues level 1
Its a dogs life

complained that the problem arises because of unclear rules. Bertha Lau, one of the Lok Nga Court residents who were told to remove their dogs, said: The government did not say clearly whether dogs are forbidden in all HOS housing. Ms Lau had not received any complaints about her poodle, and was shocked when the property management demanded that she remove it from her at. She believes the rules should be changed to allow homeowners to keep pets if the animal does not disturb other residents. Animal group Stop - Save HKs Cats and Dogs said it had been receiving more inquiries from HOS residents in the past year about whether they can keep pets. At a group forum this month, a dog owner living in a Ma On Shan estate said she was worried after seeing a new notice reminding residents that no dogs were allowed. The rules in my estate are so strict. In other estates within the same district, owners walk their dogs inside the estate, she explained, adding
By Amy Nip
on keeping dogs in Home Ownership Scheme (HOS) ats is being challenged in court after a private housing owner stopped his buildings management from taking away his golden retriever. Two dog owners in public housing ats have led court actions this year. They say the ban violates their right to enjoy their ats as they like, something that is guaranteed by law. In 2008, Peter Tsang Chiming, a dog owner in Mei Foo Sun Chuen, won a suit against the estates owners and management. The judge ruled that homeowners could keep pets because of a law called the deed of mutual covenant, which guarantees homeowners the right to enjoy their ats. A similar suit led by another HOS at owner is presently going through the courts, but the owner wants anonymity and has declined to speak about her case. Tsang, the Mei Foo Sun Chuen resident, said he believed the principle that helped him win his case should also apply to HOS housing. Another dog owner has
The ban
Boy Boy just wants a home that she was confused about the different standards. Many people believe residents of the 226 HOS estates in the city should be entitled to the same rights as those in private housing. The latest census gures show there were about 286,000 households in Hong Kong keeping almost 525,000 pets in 2005, including about 200,000 dogs and 100,000 cats. The South China Morning Post has examined different sets of HOS deeds of mutual covenant. In some there was a clause in the main text stating clearly that dogs were not allowed. In others the ban is listed in the house rules. Solicitor Kevin Bowers said this amounts to the same thing, unless the house rules contradict the main body of the deed. If house rules were incorporated into the deed as a schedule, they should have the same force as the deed unless they were inconsistent with the terms in the main body of the deed. Two years ago, Tsang fought and won a legal battle with Mei Foo Sun Chuen housing estate management which had banned him from keeping his golden retriever. He has since taken his resistance to a new level he opened a pet shop in the estate and has become an adviser to troubled pet owners. A retired legal executive, Tsang is often visited by dog owners who have been asked to give up their pets. He invites them upstairs to discuss how to take on owners corporations and property management companies. Once we go upstairs in the pet shop, we enter the battleeld, said Tsang, who is motivated by his own experience. Management companies are outrageous. They have too much power. After receiving a warning from his property management company in 2008, Tsang moved his dog, Boy Boy, to a friends home. A few weeks later he decided to move Boy Boy, his pet since 2004, back to his Mei Foo at after the dog became homesick and refused to eat. There are about 3,000 dogs in Mei Foo Sun Chuen. Im very happy about winning the case, said Tsang, who has lived at the estate for more than 20 years. Keeping a dog in a at-living society like Hong Kong does present problems that pet owners in other cities and countries do not have to face. But dogs are often important family members and their position in Hong Kongs housing should be made clear. Like it or hate it, dogs are a part of the city, and home management ofcers have to be consistent in the way they and their owner are treated. This is an edited version of a story that ran in the South China Morning Post on March 15
Social Social issues issues level level 11
Exercises - Its a dogs life

Comprehension - True or False
Read through the article Its a dogs life and then say if each of these statements is true or false 1 Some dog lovers are demanding the right to own a dog even if the management of their block of ats bans pets. 2 Dog owner Peter Tsang failed to overturn a ban on dogs set by the management of the building where he lives. 3 The rules about keeping pets by people who live in Home Ownership Scheme ats are denite on the issue of keeping pets. 4 All housing schemes in Hong Kong have the same rules and regulations about residents keeping pets 5 Tsang has never experienced problems himself regarding the ownership of dogs, but he wants to help people who have. 6 Peter Tsang has worked with animals all his life. 7 The ownership of dogs is never allowed in private housing estates. 8 Peter Tsangs dog, Boy Boy, settled down well when he was moved to another home. 9 There are well over 300 HOS housing schemes in Hong Kong. 10 Peter Tsang was told by the police to move his dog out of his home in Mei Foo.
Adjective power
True False
Make sure you know the meanings of these eight key adjectives which appear in the article. If you are unsure about what a word means, look it up in your dictionary. Then t each of the adjectives into the gaps in the new sentences below. 1 unclear 2 forbidden 3 shocked 4 worried 5 troubled 6 inconsistent 7 outrageous 8 homesick
a I was very _______________ for a couple of months when I rst went to the UK to study. b Please explain yourself better. I dont understand: what you want me to do is _______________ . c Youve just said a terrible thing! Your views on religion are _______________. d I was _______________ from watching TV for a month when my parents got my school report. e Im quite _______________ by the email Ive just got from my sister. She hasnt seen her atmate in days. f Think carefully about what youre doing. No one will take any notice of you if what you say is _______________ with what you do. g I was _______________ when I found out Peter had died. h Dont look so _______________ . Everything will turn out okay.
Saying the same thing

Sometimes there is another way of saying the key word in a sentence. The ban on owning dogs means the same as the ban on keeping dogs. Look at these key words from the text and then select the word or phrase from the list that has the same meaning. Answers on page 122 1 two ________ 2 to guarantee ________ 3 a problem ________ 4 a rule ________ 5 worried ________ 6 a forum ________ 7 to challenge ________ 8 an estate ________ 9 to disturb ________ 10 to allow ________ a a discussion b a couple of c concerned d to assure e to upset f a difculty g a regulation h a ban i to confront k to permit l a development m to report
1010
1111
Exercises - Its a dogs life

Re-write!
Re-write these sentences replacing the highlighted word with an alternative from the article that means the same. 1 There are a couple of boys in my class who are really handsome. 2 To make sure you get a ticket for the concert, you must book early. 3 Ive got a difculty that Id like you to help me with. 4 The regulation says that no children under 12 can take part. 5 Will they permit loud music? 6 I dont want to bother you, but your dog barks all day. 7 We live on a new housing development near the river. 8 We will organise a discussion group about the new school uniform. 9 I am concerned that the pain will get worse. 10 Im going to confront Mr Lee about what he wrote in my report.
What is the opposite?

What new word or phrase do you need to give these sentences the complete opposite meaning? Use your dictionary if you need help. 1 2 3 4 Our new school rules are very unclear. We live in private housing. Mr Tsang won his legal case. They have received more inquiries than they did last month. 5 Thats a new notice. 6 7 8 9 We all have the same rights. The owner has declined to speak. Dogs and cats are allowed. I think we should have a private meeting about this problem. 10 He does more and more work every day.
Using short forms

Short forms are used when you want to save time or space by not using the full name of something or the full word or phrase. But when you use a short form, you have to be certain that other people understand what it means. What do these short forms mean? 1 UK a United Kingdom b Unied Kingdom 2 asap a as soon as possible b as slowly as possible 3 SCMP a South China Missing Persons b South China Morning Post 4 NY a Nearly Yellow b New York 5 Dec a declined b December Answers on page 122 6 RAM a remote access memory b random access memory 7 SWALK a sealed with a loving kiss b seen with a lively kid 8 PTO a please take on b please turn over 9 DVD a digital versatile disc b dead vision disc 10 AKA a also known as b as keen as
1212
1313
Compensated Compensateddating dating youth youthfor forsale sale

By Lai Ying-kit
of her life has been secret for some time, and she will not reveal her name as anything other than Ah Yan. She does not dare imagine what her family would do if they found out. Ah Yan, 23, went on compensated dates - or paid companionship and sex - for about nine months from late last year. Her story is just one in a growing social phenomenon among young girls who are turning to compensated dating, a literal translation of the Japanese term enjo kosai, which refers to young girls accepting money or luxury gifts from older men in exchange for their companionship. More often than not, sex is involved, making this another word for prostitution. Girls post messages on internet forums to seek patrons. The messages usually contain information about their age, appearance, contact method, and a price list for various services described in code words. Ah Yan said she earned HK$10,000 a month on compensated dates between late last year and this summer. Men replied to her messages
A part
on nightlife discussion boards, and organised dates. She earned HK$1,000 for each date, which usually lasted two hours. This sounds like lucrative work, but the risks are abundant. Ah Yan says she was aware of the dangers, and staying alone with men she did not know did made her uneasy. Youre alone with a strange man and nobody else knows. Nobody would know if the client beat me up, robbed me or even killed me, she says. Ah Yan was fortunate. Her worst experience was a man who skipped his bill. But others are not so lucky. Ah Yan admits that some of her friends were ill treated and that had made her more cautious. She always arrived early for a date and stood at a distance from the meeting spot so she could check out the client before deciding whether to go ahead. If the guy did not look right, I would go away immediately, she says. Public concern about compensated dating was renewed after a 16-year-old Hong Kong girl was killed last year by a client when she went to his at. The client, a 24-year-
man, has been sentenced to life in prison for murder. Bowie Lam Po-yee, from sex workers concern group Zi Teng, says girls who go on compensated dates are vulnerable because they do not know who to turn to for help in the event they are abused. We have come across girls who have experienced different kinds of abuse and did not call the police because they thought compensated dates were illegal and the police would arrest them, she says.
Lam cites the case of a girl who came to Zi Teng about six months ago. She was blackmailed by a client who had secretly taken video footage of them having sex. She also feared if the case went to court, what she had been doing would be revealed to many people, including her family, Lam says. Prostitution is illegal in Hong Kong and, even though there is no legal denition of compensated dating, existing laws can be applied, including
soliciting for any immoral purpose. The Crime Ordinance states that a person who, in a public place or in public view, solicits for any immoral purpose, or loiters for the purpose of soliciting for any immoral purpose, is guilty of an offence. This is punishable by a HK$10,000 ne and/or six months in jail. Over the past year, police have arrested 22 people in relation to compensated-dating
offences, and at least 13 girls have been referred to the Social Welfare Department. Police have also posted warnings on eight websites that are known as compensated dating meeting platforms. Among the girls arrested, Lam says some were eventually convicted of prostitution-related offences. Ah Yan says she quit compensated dating because she was worried about her safety. Girls who go on compensated dates are unable to ward off violent patrons, no matter how cautious they are. The girls usually meet their potential clients in public places such as shopping malls and chat to them to gauge their character. Lam always warns that it is dangerous to judge patrons merely by their appearance and brief conversations. Lams organisation has counselled about 10 girls who have engaged in compensated dating this year. Compensated dating is never cool. Nothing about youth should ever be for sale because this time of anyones life is too precious to have a price put on it. Compensated dating is a dangerous game that young people should never make part of their lives.
14
15
Exercises - Compensated dating

Comprehension
Read through the article Compensated Dating Youth For Sale a couple of times and then answer these questions about what you have understood. 1 Why hasnt Ah Yan given full details about her identity to the writer of the article? a she doesnt want the men she has been with to become jealous b she is afraid of being recognised by people she knows 2 What sort of information do girls involved in compensated dating have to give out online? a personal details about who they are b false details about their family and true identity 3 What did Ah Yan always feel when she went on a new compensated date? a that the dangers she might face were never threatening b that she might be getting into a potentially dangerous situation 4 What event highlighted the dangers of compensated dating to young women in Hong Kong? a the murder of a local teenager b the kidnapping of a 16-year-old Hong Kong girl 5 Most girls who have been mistreated during a compensated date do not report what has happened to the police. Why? a they are afraid their teachers will tell them off b they believe that compensated dating is against the law 6 What attitude do the legal authorities in Hong Kong have towards compensated dating? a it is a personal choice and is not illegal b it can be interpreted as an illegal act 7 Where have police posted warnings about the dangers of compensated dating? a on notice boards around Hong Kong b on websites known to encourage compensated dating 8 Who usually has the upper hand and is more in control on a compensated date? a the girl who has instigated the date b the man who is paying the girl
Key words
When you read a newspaper article, you dont have to understand every individual word to understand what the article is about, but you do need to understand the meaning of certain key words that the writer has used. A key word is a word that is important to the meaning of something. Read the article again and select the meanings of these important key words. 1 lucrative work (n) a a job that takes a long time to complete b a job that brings in a lot of money 2 to skip the bill (vb phr) a to leave a place such as a restaurant without paying b to pay more money than something is really worth 3 a meeting spot (n) a a pre-arranged time to meet someone b an agreed place to meet someone 4 to look right (vb phr) a to appear to have lots of money b to have a pleasing and safe appearance 5 abundant (adj) a many and frequent b few and far between 6 vulnerable (adj) a safe and secure b very much at risk
Fill in the blanks

Complete these sentences with one of the above key words or phrases. Be careful to look at the tense / form when you are using one of the verbs. 1 There is something about him I do not trust. He does not ____________________. 2 Mangoes are in ____________________ supply this season. 3 Taking wedding videos is very ____________________. 4 We must choose a ____________________ near the beach for the hike on Saturday. 5 I felt very ____________________ standing all by myself at the roadside after my car had broken down. 6 I didnt mean to ____________________ by walking out of the restaurant like that. I was talking on my mobile and just walked past the cash desk. Im so sorry.
Answers on page 122
1616
1717
Exercises - Compensated dating

Re-writer!
These sentences are taken from the article. They are all in the past tense. Re-write the sentences changing the tense of the verb into the present. The rst one is done for you. Be careful. You might have to change two verbs in some sentences. 1 Ah Yan went on compensated dates.
Euphemisms
A euphemism is a word or phrase that is used to avoid saying something that could be thought to be unpleasant, not very nice or just embarassing! You can say that compensated dating is a euphemism for prostitution. Look at this list of common English euphemisms and match them with the word or phrase that they actually mean. 1 to pass away 2 the restroom 3 to powder my nose 4 to be in the family way 5 to see a man about a dog 6 the birds and the bees 7 to colour up 8 to lose your lunch a b c d e f g h the toilet to go to the toilet (female) to die the facts about sex to go to the toilet (male) to be pregnant to go red with embarrassment to vomit
Ah Yan goes on compensated dates.

2 Ah Yan said she earned HK$10,000 a month. 3 Men replied to her messages on discussion boards. 4 Ah Yan always arrived early for a date. 5 If the man did not look right, she went away immediately. 6 She was worried about her safety. 7 Staying alone with men she did not know made her uneasy. 8 She stood at a distance from the meeting point. 9 Ah Yan met her dates in public places. 10 She feared that her family might discover her secret.
Mr & Mrs Always Nice

Mr and Mrs Always Nice are very narrow-minded and very sensitive about the language they use. They hardly ever say anything that they think is unpleasant, embarrassing or impolite. They use a lot of euphemisms when they speak! Here are some sentences they might say. Can you change the euphemism to what is actually meant? 1 Our next-door neighbour passed away last week. 2 Where is the ladies restroom, please? 3 I need to powder my nose. 4 I think Maggie is in the family way. 5 Im going to see a man about a dog. 6 When are you going to discuss the birds and the bees with Simon? 7 I feel terrible! Stop the car! I think Im going to lose my lunch! 8 Have you noticed Simon colours up every time he speaks to a girl?
Answers on page 122
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1919
School at the double

By Elaine Yau
Dressing-up provides education and fun
Situation vacant:
Student. Hours: 8am to 6pm. Conditions: willing to work for two institutions in one day. Pay: none. Extra duties: homework. Age: three to six. Thats right, three to six. Children at the start of their formal education are being introduced early to the Hong Kong work ethic by parents enrolling them in two kindergartens at the same time. These lucky children attend not just morning and afternoon classes but also local and international kindergartens, requiring them to cope in a single school day of 10 hours or more not only with two different schools, uniforms and sets of classmates and regulations, but also with two languages. Is this wise or indeed benecial for such young students? The trend, which childhood experts say puts undue pressure on children, but which according to the views of one father is better than wasting time watching television or playing computer games, is being encouraged by our governments subsidy for early education. Launched in 2007, the preprimary education voucher scheme subsidises non-prot schools that offer a local
curriculum and charge less than HK$24,000 per pupil per year for a half-day place and HK$48,000 for a whole-day place. In the 2009-10 academic year, each child going to such a kindergarten is entitled to a voucher worth HK$12,000. Some parents use the government vouchers to pay for a local half-day school, where their children study in Cantonese or Putonghua, and their own money for international classes offered by private kindergarten schemes. Aware of this growing practice, some schools have already changed their schedules to accommodate the children who have become known as the dualkinder kids. With morning classes starting as early as 8am and afternoon
classes ending as late as 6pm, and taking travelling into account, children as young as three could be spending 12 hours or more of each day going to and from school, and then having to tackle homework when they get home. Against Child Abuse director Priscilla Lui Tsang Sun-kai believes that packing too many activities into childrens schedules might harm their health. Children have a right to play and relax, she said. They might get upset while other classmates can leave at the end of the school day and they have to continue at school. Education sector lawmaker Cheung Man-kwong admitted that this questionable trend showed problems with the voucher scheme. Those who are doing it are often rich parents
Double schooling can be fun sometimes
who use up all their prerogatives under the voucher scheme while also paying for international classes out of their own pockets. Rich parents can use up all the subsidy and send their children to two kindergartens at the same time, but poor parents choice of schools is limited by the fee. Kindergarten principals say they have seen a rising number of parents enrolling children in both local and international classes to use up the government subsidy while boosting their language skills and chances of getting into elite primary schools. But Tuen Mun Hospital clinical child psychologist Dr Ho Ka-po is concerned that extended classes would make pupils dislike and even dread school. Kindergarten should be
a transitional period to prepare children for primary schooling. Such arrangements might backre. A working mother told us proudly that her rst-year kindergarten daughter has been going to a subsidised Chinese kindergarten in Sai Kung and then the ESF International Kindergarten in Wu Kai Sha since September. As many parents are doing it, the Sai Kung school allows the kids to leave class one hour earlier at 11.45am to eat lunch, change uniform and travel to another school, she said. This parent believes it would be a wasted opportunity if she forfeited the voucher by only enrolling her daughter in an international school. If the chance is there to give extra
education to her daughter, why not take it? Whole-day international school is too expensive. While the ESF tuition costs HK$5,100 per month, the local Sai Kung one costs only HK$100 per month after deducting the voucher subsidy. Kindergarten principal Yung Hau-heung, the Professional Teachers Union spokeswoman on early childhood education, said a rising number of parents had opted for both local and international classes since the voucher scheme began. Some kindergarten children are actually attending both the morning and afternoon sessions at the same schools, she said. Those schools were private before the voucher scheme. But as vouchers cant be used in private schools, they made a separate registration for their local curriculum after 2007. Double schooling seems all very well in theory and no-one can blame parents who take advantage of it, but the longterm effects on the youngsters involved have yet to be assessed. This is an edited version of an article published in the South China Morning Post on November 30
20
21
Exercises - School at the double

Verb power
What are the meanings of these verbs from the article School at the Double? 1 to subsidise a to drop into water b to pay part of the cost of something 2 to tackle a to sh in the sea b to try and deal with something 3 to cope with a to deal successfully with a difcult situation b to recycle rubbish 4 to launch a to introduce a new service b to put a stop to something 5 to pack into a to put a large amount of something into a small space b to squeeze something out of something else 6 to enrol a to push a round object along the ground b to put someones name on to a list to join a group 7 to use up a to nish a supply of something b to put off until later 8 to forfeit a to postpone something b to give up the right to something 9 to deduct a to take away (a quantity) from another b to improve the appearance of something 10 to boost a to refuse to agree to a suggestion b to suddenly make something bigger or more powerful
Which verb ts?

Choose the correct verb to make these sentences make sense. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Five hundred dollars would help (deduct / subsidise) the upkeep of an abandoned dog for a month. I think weve (boosted / used up) all the cooking oil. Can you get some more? Well (enrol / tackle) that problem when weve solved this one. I cant (pack into / cope with) all your lies any longer. Cant you tell the truth for once? Dads (subsidised / enrolled) for a tness class. Thats a laugh! I shall (deduct / tackle) a hundred dollars from your salary for every ve minutes you are late. Toyota is (forfeiting / launching) a new electric car next week. I cant wait to drive it. You will (tackle / forfeit) your right to vote if you dont register by the end of the week.
Same sound / different spelling / different meaning

Here are pairs (not pears!) of words that sound the same but are spelled differently and have different meanings. Which is the correct word for each sentence? 1 2 3 4 5 6 Working for this company is a complete (waist / waste) of time. If you (brake / break) something, youll have to pay for it. Ill write you a (check / cheque) for a thousand dollars. Ive only got to look at a (ower / our) and I start sneezing. (Break / brake) as youre approaching a road junction. The (principle / principal) to remember is never to go over the speed limit. 7 Will you (cheque / check) that weve closed all the windows? 8 I cant read that sign! I need to have my (site / sight) tested. 9 You need good quality (ower / our) to make delicious pasta. 10 Over the past 12 months, Ive put ve centimetres on my (waste / waist). 11 There is always a lot of noise from the building (site / sight) across the road. 12 Our new school (principal / principle) is from South Africa.
1 principal / principle 2 ower / our 3 brake / break 4 cheque / check 5 site / sight 6 waist / waste
Answers on page 122
2222
2323
Exercises - School at the double

Key sentences
Complete each of these summary sentences about the article with ONE word. 1 Some youngsters in Hong Kong are attending two ___________________________ . 1 Experts say that double schooling puts little pressure on most young children. 2 Experts say this puts young children under great ___________________________ . 3 There is no ___________________________ to stop parents sending their kids to two kindergartens. 4 Some young children also have to tackle ___________________________ when they get home from kindergarten. 3 This scheme has been a massive failure. 5 Government ___________________________ cannot be used in private kindergartens. 6 Some kindergartens allow some children to leave ___________________________ so they can go to another school. 4 Most schools are unhappy to accommodate youngsters involved in double schooling. 5 A young child attending two kindergartens has a short school day. 2 The post-primary voucher scheme was launched in 2007.
Re-writer!
Re-write these sentences, changing the highlighted word so the sentences make sense according to what is said in School at the Double.
Role Playing
1 You are a parent who sends his/her young child to two kindergartens every day. Explain in no more than eight sentences why you do this and why you think it is good for your child. 2 You are a parent who is totally against the idea of sending children to two schools in one day. Explain your view and say why you would never send your son or daughter from one kindergarten to another in one day, in no more than eight sentences.
6 Experts think that too little schooling at a young age may harm a childs health. 7 One social sector lawmaker thinks there are problems with the pre-school voucher scheme. 8 At least one experienced child psychiatrist believes extended schooling may cause a child to adore the idea of school in general.
Answers on page 122
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2525
A matter of trust
By Phyllis Tsang and Agnes Lam
which have begun advertising their services following all the massive publicity over plans for random drug tests in schools, say they are receiving an increasing number of inquiries. Business is booming. Their customers are parents wanting to know what their children are up to. But frontline social workers look on this new parent practice as ridiculous and useless and point out the obvious fact that it will only increase mistrust between parents and teenagers. About 10 cases requesting us to spy on childrens behaviour, especially drug abuse, have been received every month in the past six months, a private detective giving his name only as Chan said. This is a worryingly large number of parents paying detectives to trail their offspring for whatever reason. Chan, head of the detective agency Morgan Company, and a former police ofcer, said surveillance was conducted mainly through videotaping the daily activities of the suspects. Our targeted teenagers are aged between 15 and 19 and mostly female, Chan said. They usually come from middle-class families whose parents can afford to
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Detective agencies,
pay at least HK$3,000 a day for the service. Modern technology allows tiny cameras to be hidden almost anywhere. Be careful, his bow tie is really a camera, Simon and Garfunkel sang in their hit single America almost 40 years ago. These days the camera is more likely to be hidden in a watch, the crack in the door of a karaoke room or even in a Bluetooth headset. Chan revealed such tricks of the trade while describing how investigators used miniature cameras to monitor suspected teen drug users. Theres a pinhole-sized lens located in the dial plate, between 1 oclock and 2 oclock, Chan said, showing off a watch that can record about four hours of video. As drug use tends to take place indoors, investigators need to spy on activities behind closed doors, such as in karaoke rooms. Detectives also need to liaise with mainland counterparts because Shenzhen is a popular place for Hong Kong youngsters to take drugs. The government recorded 2,417 newly reported drug users in the rst half of the year, of which 1,324, or 54.8 per cent, were under 21, and 609 people aged 10 to 20 were arrested
in the same period for drug offences such as trafcking and possession. Another private detective, David Cheung Dai-wei, said: We receive four to ve cases a month on average and 90 per cent of cases prove related to drug abuse. Four or ve days of tracking were usually enough to nd out whether a teen was using drugs, he said. Weekends and festivals, such as Halloween, when teenagers went out to enjoy themselves, were good times for operations. North District Youth Outreach team leader Paul Lo Po-sing said it was ridiculous for parents to hire private detectives to track their children. A practice such as this can only be destructive, whatever information it dug up. Talking to your children is a much better way to know about them taking drugs or not, rather than hiring a detective to spy on them, he said. Meanwhile, more than 80 per cent of 3,222 secondary school pupils polled in Kwun Tong said they would join a voluntary drug-testing scheme at schools, a survey has found. A total of 77.8 per cent of the pupils polled by the Boys and Girls Association recently supported introduction of the scheme and
88.2 per cent said they would participate. But association outreach social worker Lai Kui-yuen said pupils also had concerns. The drug-testing programme touches on privacy and might cause discrimination and embarrassment, and these factors all make students feel worried. The scheme must uphold condentiality, Lai explained. In a separate survey conducted by the Women Teachers Association and the Education Policy Concern Organisation last month, more than 80 per cent of 757 teachers said drug use among teenagers was a serious problem. Seventy per cent said they supported drug testing in schools. But 77.94 per cent were worried the scheme would increase their pressure at work, as they had to devote more time and resources to help pupils with drug problems. About 69 per cent said they lacked knowledge about drugs and about half said they were worried their relationship with pupils would become tense under the scheme. The groups urged the Education Bureau to consult teachers more. Testing is due to start next month. This is an edited version of a story in the South China Morning Post on November 2, 2009
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Exercises - A matter of trust

Comprehension - key sentences
Complete these sentences by changing the highlighted word or phrase to make them key sentences from A matter of trust. 1 Following the publicity regarding drug testing in schools, parents have been employing sniffer dogs to spy on their kids. 2 Business has been falling for private detective agencies. 3 Social workers say this new practice is worthwhile and benecial. 4 Some parents want their children watched to see if they are involved in spying. 5 To keep a watch on their clients children, detectives videotape the children s friends. 6 Experts say this practice can only increase the amount of trust between parents and teens. 7 Paul Lo Po-sing works for the Northern District Detective Agency. 8 Talking to senior citizens is always more effective than spying on them. 9 Parents become teachers when they hire detectives to watch their children. 10 I would be furious if I found out my parents were holding out on me. 4 a crack a a round hole in the ground b a very narrow space between parts of something
Nail the noun

Look at this list of key nouns taken from - or adapted from - A matter of trust and choose the correct meaning for each one. 1 You know what a detective agency is. But what is a matrimonial agency? a a retirement home for old ex-government workers b a company that will nd you a wife or a husband 2 You know what publicity is. But what is adverse publicity? a advertising that attempts to sell you products new on the market b bad publicity that does someone a lot of harm 3 You know who offspring are. But who are illegitimate offspring? a children born to parents who have both been married previously b children born to parents who are not married to each other 5 tricks of the trade a secrets shared between professional magicians b ways of doing things used by people who are experienced in a particular type of work or activity 6 a counterpart a an exact copy of something that is very rare or expensive b a person who has the same purpose as another one in a different place or organisation 7 a biennial festival a a particular time of the school year b a celebration that occurs once every two years 8 discrimination a unfair treatment of a person because of their skin colour, religion or sex b special knowledge that is used to harm a person
The right noun in the right place

Choose the correct noun to complete each of these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Theres a big (counterpart / crack) in the bedroom ceiling. It wasnt there this morning. Her rst novel was launched last year in a massive wave of (offspring / publicity). How my husband and I could produce (offspring / counterparts) as intelligent as our two sons, I do not know. My (counterpart / offspring) in the Sheung Wan ofce has just handed in her resignation. Halloween is a (publicity / festival) that is becoming more and more popular in Hong Kong. My dad knows all the (discrimination / tricks of the trade) to do with home decorating. Seeing him with another girl last night caused a massive (festival / crack) in our relationship. It has been a big job getting rid of (offspring / discrimination) against foreign workers in our factory.
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Exercises - A matter of trust

Re-writer!
The prex mis- put before some verbs give the verb the opposite meaning. This is a useful trick to know. For example, to mishear means not to hear and to mishandle means to handle badly. Turn the meanings of these sentences around by using this little word trick. 1 I heard what you said.
And now
You are Michael Ho, a private detective. You have been employed by a Mr and Mrs Black to track their son, George. The Blacks have paid you a vast amount of money, but you have discovered nothing suspicious about Georges movements. Write a report with 12 pieces of information about Georges movements for Saturday, March 17. Present your report in this format: 08.00: called at 7-Eleven and bought three chocolate bars and a bottle of water 08:15: caught bus ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I misheard what you said.

2 I think Mum handled the situation between Dad and my sister. 3 Why do you trust me so much? 4 He always treats me like that. 5 I know Ill be quoted in the paper tomorrow. 6 Why do you behave like that whenever Grandma is around? 7 Ive placed my glasses somewhere in the bedroom. 8 He represents me at every meeting. 9 Ive dialled his number. 10 Ive calculated the amount of money we spent last year on transport.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
These days
the camera is more likely to be hidden in a watch. Which of these phrases would you class as a time phrase, one which would set the time for something in a story you were writing? 1 2 3 4 5 these days at the end of the street in a weeks time quickly and without warning a week on Thursday 6 at the end of the 19th century 7 in the middle of the countryside 8 in the middle of the night 9 with the best intentions 10 on New Years Eve
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Little lm, big impact

By Chris Taylor
mainlands blockbuster answer to Avatar, a biopic about the Great Sage Confucius, turned out to be a big, fat resounding box-ofce op. Nobody went to see it and those who did yawned their way though the lms boring two hours. In sharp contrast to cinema audiences who failed to appreciate the overblown grandeur of Confucius, the online community ocked in rst thousands and then millions to see an online movie that its makers claim was made with a budget no bigger than the electricity bill for running their computers for three months. The nancers behind both Avatar and Confucius must be scratching their heads in puzzlement. War of Internet Addiction was released by volunteer lmmakers Oil Tiger Machinima Team on January 21 without any of the pomp and ceremony that accompanied both Avatar and Confucius. And then what happened? The movie was immediately blocked but, when it reappeared on popular mainland video site Youku.com some days later, it immediately started to generate terric trafc.
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The
Youths feel pressured over accusations they are addicted to the internet Conservative estimates claim it has been viewed several million times some sources state more than 10 million. This 64-minute bombshell movie is a machinima a movie made using the graphics engine of an existing game. If a game has a function that allows gamers to record their own game-play, it is also possible to creatively produce a movie. In this case, the moviemakers used Blizzards World of Warcraft (WoW), the worlds most popular pay-toplay Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game as the source of their new movie. No one could ever have predicted the following War of Internet Addiction would gain in such a very short time. Upwards from four million to half of the games worldwide
11.5 million players are thought to reside in China and many of them are frustrated by constant shutdowns of the game and the failure of authorities to approve expansion packs. These are not the only problems mainland gamers face. War of Internet Addiction speaks to gamers by parodying the dispute between government agencies over who gets to regulate WoW, the requirement that graphics of skulls be removed from the game, internet addiction camps and the Green Dam Youth Escort software that the government wanted to install on all mainland computers. But the movie has also struck a chord with non-gamers who feel frustrated with internet censorship. Blogger@niubi, writing on the website DigiCha, argued that he believed that the movie more effectively challenges and potentially undermines the powers behind internet controls than anything Google has done. That is quite some power to be placed on the shoulders of a little online lm. The movies key message and most powerful point comes right at the end of the action. An impassioned, blue
minotaur called Kannimei calls on mainland gamers not to stay silent as powerful interests ght for control of their games, whilst at the same time demonising them as addicts. It isnt over until the minotaur has had his say. The director, script writer and co-ordinator of War of Internet Addiction, Corndog, says that the core team behind the movie consisted of eight people, but more than 30 worked on dubbing the dialogue, whilst about 100 people contributed in one way or another over the three months it took to make the lm. In a transcript of an interview with Corndog posted in a Google documents guide to the movie,
the movies creator said the cost of the 64-minute movie was zero other than the electricity bills for computer use. WoW is a great game, and its not expensive, Corndog said, adding it was a practical way of dealing with the frustrations of modern highpressure life. In an interview with Phoenix TV, Corndog continued: The lm makes people who dont understand games shed tears because all of us on Chinas internet are in the same boat. War of Internet Addiction is full of references to problems facing online gamers on the mainland. According to mainland laws, United States game developer Blizzard
needs a local partner to run World of Warcraft on the mainland. During last summers partnership changeover, WoW was unavailable for mainland gamers, which forced them to ock to the Taiwan server, causing frustrating slowdowns. More problems arose in November when the General Administration of Press and Publication told NetEase to stop operating WoW because of regulatory violations. Enter the Ministry of Culture, which ruled that NetEase could operate the game. Chaos and frustration all around. War of Internet Addiction parodies and entertains at the same time. None of its fans can fail to get the message it is sending out.
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Exercises - Little lm, big impact

Key words and phrases
Read through the article Little Film Big Impact once and then check that you understand the meanings of these key words and phrases. 1 a biopic a a movie telling someones life story b a website dedicated to someone famous 2 the online community a people who use the internet on a regular basis b newcomers to the internet 3 to generate trafc a to cause a rush-hour accident b to attract website users 4 to predict a to say that you believe something will happen in the future b to give someone a very bad name and reputation 5 shutdown a end of a movie b stopping of activity 6 to parody a to make fun of b to arrest 7 to strike a chord a to cause people to agree with or approve of something b to cause an improvement in a bad situation 8 a minotaur a a mythological creature with snakes for hair b a beast thats half man and half bull 9 the core team a the highest paid members of a company b the most important members of a working group 10 to shed tears a to be very upset about something b to try very hard at something
Ask these questions

Complete each of these questions with a word or words from the key words / phrases. 1 Have you heard that theres going to be a _____________________________ about David Beckham? 2 Are you going _____________________________ now that Liverpool has lost the championship? 3 How many members are there in _____________________________ designing the new stadium? 4 When do you think our website will start _____________________________? 5 How long have you regarded yourself a part of _____________________________? 6 Dont you think its a good thing _____________________________ people in authority from time to time? 7 Do you think hes going _____________________________ with business leaders with that speech? 8 Can a person learn _____________________________ the weather? 9 Is _____________________________ a creature from Greek mythology? 10 The strike starts next Thursday. Will there be a complete _____________________________ at the factory?
Corrections, please!
These statements about War of Internet Addiction are not correct. Correct them by changing ONE word. 1 War of Internet Addiction was released online back in February. 2 When it appeared online, it generated trafc slowly. 3 A machinima is a movie made using the graphics of an existing website. 4 The initial shutdowns of the movie pleased gamers. 5 Bloggers say that this short movie effectively supports internet control. 6 The movie makes its point at the start. 7 It took three years to make the movie. 8 The core team comprised eighty people. 9 The cost of making the lm was high. 10 The main expense in making War of Internet Addiction was paying for the electricity to run the cameras.
Answers on page 123
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Exercises - Little lm, big impact

Portmanteau words
Lewis Carroll, the English author of Alice in Wonderland loved to make up new words. He also made up the grammar term portmanteau word describing a word that is made up of bits of two other words. Biopic is a good example of a portmanteau word. It is obviously made up of biography and picture. Do you know these English portmanteau words? Work them out from the denition and the two words they come from. 1 noun: the computer network that allows users all over the world to access information international/network 2 adjective: using articial materials and methods to produce human activity or movement biology/electronic 3 noun: a meal eaten between breakfast time and lunch time breakfast/lunch 4 noun: messages sent from one computer to another electronic/mail 5 noun: a hotel by the side of a road with spaces for cars next to each room motor/hotel 6 noun: a funny television show in which the same characters appear in each programme situation/comedy 7 adjective: extremely large giant/enormous 8 noun: two weeks fourteen/nights 9 noun: a small camera for recording moving images camera/recorder 10 noun: thick air pollution in cities smoke/fog Answers on page 123
Writer!
When you have worked out the portmanteau words on page 36, complete out these sentences using one of your new words in each gap. 1 Bring your ______________________________ to the birthday barbecue. We should make a video. 2 I get all the information I need from the ______________________________ these days. 3 The ______________________________ was really bad this morning. I could hardly see a thing as I was walking to the ofce. 4 Lets have ______________________________ together at about eleven on Sunday morning. 5 No wonder you feel sick. Youve just eaten a ______________________________ dinner. 6 Your new glasses will be ready in a ______________________________, madam. 7 Its a long drive to New York. Well stop over in a ______________________________ on the way. 8 Have you got an answer from him yet? Check your ______________________________ . 9 After his terrible car accident, doctors tted him with a ______________________________ hand. Its amazing. 10 Ugly Betty used to be my favourite TV ______________________________ but now theyve stopped making it.
Your say
You have read the article Little Film Big Impact. In your own words and as simply as you can, do the following oral tasks. 1 Explain to someone what happened to the movie Confucius. 2 Explain simply what War of Internet Addiction is. 3 Tell someone what happened when the movie was released online. 4 Explain what Blogger@niubi thought of the movies effect. 5 Explain how the lm was made. 6 What does the character Kannimei do in the lm?
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Drama level 1
A curious entertainment
A pantomime
is a comedy show with music that is staged by professional theatre companies and amateur dramatic groups at the end of December and into the New Year. You never get pantomimes performed at any other time of the year. Pantomimes tell a traditional story with lashings of broad comedy, loud music, and romance with the emphasis rmly on fun. There is nothing serious about a pantomime. Audiences expect to laugh themselves silly as soon as the curtain goes up. Pantos come in all shapes and sizes but they are always family entertainment that everyone can enjoy. In professional theatres, pop stars, comedians, soap opera stars and sports personalities often appear in pantomimes. But it is amateur acting groups who always have the greatest fun putting on a pantomime. Lets go to a panto, have a good time and a jolly good laugh! in the show. And there is usually a comedy horse or cow in a panto. This part is played by two actors in a funny animal costume, one as the head and front legs and the other as the body and back legs. Many actors in amateur drama groups think they have played the greatest part of their career on the stage when they play the back end of a pantomime cow. In many pantomimes there is a good fairy who makes sure the hero and heroine get a happy ending to their story. The good fairy traditionally comes into the action from stage right. And the villain who spends the whole show attempting to harm the hero, traditionally enters and exits stage left. Another important pantomime tradition is audience participation. Usually when we go to the theatre, we sit there quietly watching what is happening on the stage in front of us. Not with a pantomime! Characters in the show speak directly to people in the audience and expect them to reply. We shout out: Hes behind you! when the villain tries to surprise the hero. We join in the songs. And we duck when the villain sprays us with water from his water pistol or pretends to throw a bucketful of water into the audience. Pantos are never boring with the audience sitting there in well-behaved silence. Everyone is there to have a good time and this means getting involved and making sure everyone knows how much we are enjoying the show.
Snow White smiles at the Dame. There is a great part for an actor in a cat costume in this panto. Mother Goose is an old woman whose goose suddenly starts to lay eggs of gold. The stories are well-known but every production of these ve top tales delivers something new in the way of laughter jokes and music. Pantomimes are old, new and topical all at the same time.
The stories
Panto stories are always based on age-old childrens stories or folk tales with ve or so classics turning up time and time again. Top of the list is Cinderella, the story of a much bullied kitchen maid who is helped by a fairy godmother to marry a prince. Aladdin is a story from the Middle East about a young man who nds a magic lamp that will make his wishes come true. Jack and the Beanstalk nds our poor hero in possession of magic beans that grow into a gigantic plant at the top of which a giant has his home. Dick Whittington and His Cat tells the tale of a poor young boy who becomes the rst Lord Mayor of London.
Guest celebrities
An important modern pantomime tradition in professional theatres in the celebrity guest star. Sports stars, pop singers, television actors and serious theatre actors all ght to appear in pantomime. Sports stars often just play themselves and pop singers appear just to plug their latest album, but it works. A good pantomime offers something for everyone to laugh at and enjoy. Pantos have been around for a long time and they show no sign of losing their popularity. Look out! Hes behind you! Oh, no he isnt! Yes, he is!
Tradition! Tradition!
Audiences at a pantomime usually know just what they are going to see. The shows story is taken from a well-known folk tale
that has been told and retold lots of times. There are about half a dozen favourite panto stories, with new plots and characters adding to the traditional ones. But Panto is all about tradition. The hero of the show is always played by a young and pretty actress dressed in male clothing that doesnt disguise the fact that she is a girl. The main comedy character in a panto is called the dame, and this role is played by a man dressed in outrageous female gear. The dame character is often the heros mother. She or he always gets the biggest laughs
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Drama Drama level level 11
Exercises - A curious entertainment

Comprehension Hes behind you!
Answer these questions about pantomime. 1 When are pantomimes always produced? a at any time of the year b in December and January 2 What would you expect to nd in a pantomime? a mystery, violence and kung fu action b comedy, music and all-round entertainment 3 What is the purpose of a pantomime? a to entertain an audience and make sure they have a good time b to educate people in the audience and make them think 4 Who or what is the dame in a panto? a the chief villain always played by a pretty young female b a female comedy character always played by a man 5 How is the dame always dressed? a in an over-the-top funny female costume b in modern designer wear 6 What tradition should the villain in a panto observe? a he must always wear red clothes b he should enter and exit stage left 7 Which popular pantomime tells the story of a poor young girl who marries a prince? a Cinderella b Jack and the Beanstalk 8 Do you know which modern series of movies borrows characters from pantomimes? a Twilight b Shrek
The Dames key words and phrases

What do these words and phrases from the rst half of the article mean? 1 amateur (adj) a of a poor standard b doing something for the love of it, without being paid 2 lashings of a a great deal of b not very much of 3 broad comedy (n phr) a comedy with a serious message b comedy with obvious jokes 4 to laugh yourself silly (vb phr) a to laugh just a few times b to laugh a great deal 5 to take over from (vb) a to remove b to replace 6 tradition (n) a something that had been done many times and over a long period b something that is new and has just appeared on the scene 7 to participate (vb) a to take part in an activity b to refuse an offer 8 to duck (vb) a to bend down to avoid something b to hit something hard
Fill in the gaps

Which is the correct word to use in these sentences? 1 She works in a bank and does (professional / amateur) dramatics in her spare time. 2 I would like (lashings of / traditions of) cream with my apple pie. 3 There is so much broad (tragedy / comedy) in the Shrek movies. 4 Shes very shy. She hates (participation / tradition) of any kind. 5 Its a (tradition / participation) that the French eat oysters at Christmas. 6 Im giving up my job and I dont care who (takes over from / goes from) me.
Answers on page 123
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Exercises - A curious entertainment

LOL/laugh out loud
Here are 10 different ways of laughing. Match up the laughing verb and its meaning. a to laugh unkindly at someone or at what someone has said 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 to chuckle to giggle to snigger to cackle to chortle to guffaw to titter to fall about b to laugh in a noisy, over-happy way c to laugh shrilly make a noise like a chicken d to laugh very noisly e to laugh quietly f to laugh nervously g to laugh in a noisy and gleeful way h to make a short, loud, high laughing sound i j to laugh so much your body bends over forwards to laugh so much you are in danger of falling over 5 Dad laughed in a childish way when Mum told him she has failed her driving test. 6 Johnny laughed gleefully when he heard the good news. 4 The class laughed quietly when Mr Wu fell off his chair.
Re-write the funny sentences

In each of these sentences, replace the highlighted words with one verb. Note that all the verbs are in the past. 1 Maggie laughed very unkindly when Tam told her he had lost his job. 2 Winnie laughed so much her body bent forward when John told her he loved her. 3 The young girls at the table next to us laughed shrilly and sounded like chickens when the waiter dropped the food onto the oor.
4 to hoot
10 to double up
Shorten it!
You might have noticed that some English words are quite long. Sometimes, particularly when spoken or written informally, a few long English words can be shortened. Pantomime becomes panto if you want to be informal or use the word when youre chatting. Look at these sentences and work out (or guess!) the short form of the highlighted words. 1 There is a vacancy in the administration department. Are you going to apply? 2 Will you send me some more information about your new products? 3 He works in the main laboratory at the local hospital. 4 Shes hired a limousine for her wedding. 5 We need a longer introduction at the start of the meeting. 6 Write the new words in your vocabulary books, please. 7 Im off to university in the UK in September. Answers on page 123
7 We all laughed in a noisy, over-happy way when Miss North sneezed loudly. 8 Ty laughed nervously when Mum told him she had found a love letter in his bag. 9 That lm was so funny! We laughed so much we almost fell over all the way through. 10 My boss laughed very nosily when I asked him for a promotion.
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Drama level 2
The Rise and Fall of Little Voice

By Jim Cartwright
Introducing LV
The Rise and Fall of Little Voice is a comedy-drama written in 1992 by British playwright Jim Cartwright. The play was rst staged at the National Theatre in London before it transferred to a commercial theatre in Londons West End and then to Broadway in New York. Cartwright knew an English actress called Jane Horrocks and he had seen her do brilliant impressions of famous female singers even though she was not a singer herself. This gave him the idea for The Rise and Fall of Little Voice and Horrocks was given the starring role both in the London production and the movie version which followed in 1998. The play is set in a town in the north of England. It tells the story of a painfully shy girl in her late teens and the relationship she has with her mother who treats her dreadfully. Desperately missing her dead father, whom she worshipped, Little Voice spends all her time locked in her bedroom listening to her dads much-loved record collection. She has heard these songs so often that she has taught herself to do amazing impressions of the famous singers who have become her entire world. One day, her mothers latest boyfriend hears Little Voice sing and he is amazed at her talent. He just happens to be connected with a local night club and he knows that someone with LVs tremendous singing skills would be a knock-out with audiences. Perhaps she might even become a famous pop singer and make him a fortune.
She certainly has the talent, but how can he persuade her to come out of her bedroom, forget her shyness and sing for an audience that will pay good money to hear her?
Mother and daughter

The relationship between LV and her mother is at the centre of The Rise and Fall of Little Voice. The two actresses taking on these roles have to be spot-on for the drama to succeed. During the play, LV has sometimes to take on the role of mother to make sure the two of them survive. She looks after the home, tidies the mess her mother leaves behind, knows what food there is in the house. LVs mother is so involved in her own selsh, pleasureseeking life that she never thinks about looking after her daughter. LV looks on her dead father as a hero and this makes her mother hate her husbands memory. The mother is jealous of the closeness that existed between her husband and daughter and the love that LV still has for her father. LV and her mother have a potentially destructive relationship, but which of them will it destroy?
A tiny voice in a hostile world

Little Voice is one of lifes sad victims. How she has got into this state is largely due to losing her father and her mothers selshness and disregard for her welfare. Her awful mother cannot be bothered to even call her daughter by her real name. She just calls her Little Voice because when LV does say something, she speaks in barely audible whispers. But alone in her bedroom, with the door rmly closed, shutting out the world of her abusive mother, Little Voice comes alive, doing amazing vocal impressions of the pop divas her father adored. LV is a sad young lady trapped in the past. The songs that she sings when she is alone express all the emotion, the sadness and the happiness that she should be experiencing for real. But, at the moment, this is the only way she can survive.
lm star, Judy Garland (1922 1969). Judy began singing when she was a child and starred in many hit Hollywood movies including Meet Me in St Louis and The Wizard of Oz when she was a teen. Garland was under tremendous pressure as she was growing up because of her fame. Her workload became so great that the lm studio gave her drugs to keep her awake to perform and then different drugs to relax her so she could sleep. Garlands dependence on alcohol and drugs destroyed her career and killed her at the age of 47. She is one of the most tragic of show business victims but she sang of love and happiness and this is why Little Voice relates to her so much.
And now
1 Watch a DVD of the movie Little Voice. The long and more accurate title Jim Cartwright gave his stage play was shortened when the lm was made. 2 Read the play. The Rise and Fall of Little Voice (Methuen Modern Plays)
Tragic Judy
One of the singing stars that LV impersonates so accurately is the American singer and
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Exercises Exercises -The The Rise Rise and and Fall Fall of of Little Little Voice Voice
Key nouns
What are the meanings of these important nouns from the article about The Rise and Fall of Little Voice? 1 a comedy-drama a a serious play with some funny moments b a funny play with no serious message 2 an impression a an attempt to copy someones mannerisms and speech to entertain other people b a short play with only one actor and not much action 3 a knock-out a a great success b an event that does not please many people 4 a diva a a teenage singing star b a very successful and famous singer 5 talent a the ability to do something really well b knowing how to play a musical instrument 6 a role a a part in a play or lm b the conclusion of a story 7 a fortune a winnings from a lottery or gambling b a vast amount of money 8 a version a a form of something that varies slightly from other forms of the same thing b the nal draft of a play or novel that the writer wants to be published
Key adjectives and verbs

1 painfully shy (adj phr) a very nervous and uncomfortable with other people b condent with adults but not with other children 2 to be spot-on (vb) a to be exactly perfect b to have been successful in the past 3 to be bothered to (vb) a to take time and trouble to b to refuse totally to 4 abusive (adj) a very harmful and perhaps violent to another person b hating someone so much that you want never to see them again 5 to pay good money (vb phr) a money that could be spent better on something else b to pay more money than something is really worth 6 to miss someone dreadfully (vb phr) a to be happy that a certain person has moved out of your life b to feel extremely sad that someone you like is not around 7 to be under tremendous pressure (vb phr) a to be happy about everything that is going on around you b to feel you have a great many difculties when you have to do something 8 due largely to (adj phr) a mainly because of b the end result of
Word power
Use one of the key words or phrases in each of these sentences. If you are using a verb, make sure you get the tense and form correct. 1 I _________________________ for that LCD TV and I am very disappointed with the picture quality. 2 Kim can do a very funny _________________________ of our new maths teacher. 3 When I was a kid, I was _________________________. I darent speak to anyone. Thank goodness. Ive grown out of it. 4 His performance last night at the concert was _________________________. He was brilliant. 5 I _________________________ my grandparents _________________________. They both died last year. 6 Anita Mui will always be my favourite pop _________________________. 7 All your answers are _________________________. Well done! Answers on page 123 8 His behaviour towards me is becoming really _________________________. Something has to be done.
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Exercises - The Rise and Fall of Little Voice

True or false
Which of these statements about the play The Rise and Fall of Little Voice are true and which are false? 1 The play was written with a particular actress in mind to perform the main part. 2 It is a serious and sad play with no funny moments. 3 The two leads in the play are a father and son. 4 The plays central role is a brilliant part for a young actress to play. 5 The mother in Little Voice is an unsympathetic character with no good points. 6 LV is a talented impressionist. 7 The audience is on the mothers side throughout the whole play. 8 One of the singers that LV impersonates so well starred in the classic movie The Wizard of Oz.
The reviews are in

Which of these sentences are from reviews about a production of The Rise and Fall of Little Voice? 1 The actress playing the main role was a brilliant dancer. 2 We sympathised with the mother all the way through the play. 3 The actor playing the abusive father was very believable. 4 The play was funny and very sad at the same time. 5 When this excellent teenage actress opened her mouth and sang, a shiver ran up my spine. 6 This is one of the most terrifying nights at the theatre I have had for along time.
Whats on stage?
When you go to the theatre, there are all sorts of different types of production that you can see The Rise and Fall of Little Voice is a comedy-drama. It is a serious, dramatic play that has funny scenes. What sort of theatre productions are these? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a tragedy a farce a musical a slapstick comedy a classic a bio play a thriller a two-hander a tear-jerker a b c d e f g h i a play written a long time ago but which is still popular a play about death and suffering with a sad ending a play that has an exciting story usually involving crime a funny play where the characters get involved in silly and unlikely situations a play with only two characters a play that makes the audience cry a play where the story is told mainly in song a play that tells the story of someones life a funny play with lots of physical humour like falling over and throwing things
Comprehension
Complete these sentences about The Rise and Fall of Little Voice. 1 The English actress Jane Horrocks was (the rst person / the last actress) to play Little Voice. 2 In 1998, Cartwrights play was turned into (a money-losing musical / a successful movie). 3 LV relates to the movie actress Judy Garland because of (the tragic happenings / the great successes) in both their lives. 4 After his death, (LVs father / her mothers boyfriend) still plays a major part in the sad teenagers life. 5 LV nds the strength to live (through music / in her mothers love). 6 Watching the play or the movie of Little Voice, you will (laugh one moment, cry the next / be afraid at the start, happy at the end). Answers on page 123
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Drama level 3
The Miracle Worker

By William Gibson
What the play is about
The Miracle Worker is a drama about two very special real people, one a pupil and one a teacher. It is one of the best biographical dramas of 20th century theatre. The play is built around the relationship between a deaf, blind and out-of-control six-year-old girl and the teacher who brings her into a kinder world. It was rst written as a television drama by American William Gibson in 1957. It was such a success on TV that Gibson adapted his teleplay into a threeact stage drama which premiered in New York in 1959. It was made into an Oscar-winning lm in 1962 and a new production starring young Hollywood star Abigail Breslin opened in early 2010 on Broadway. The Miracle Worker is a very moving and dramatic play, and to appreciate it fully we need to know a bit about the two women whose story it tells. in the southern American state of Alabama. When she was 19 months old, she suddenly caught a mysterious illness which left her deaf and blind. The Kellers spent a great deal of money taking Helen to doctors, and speech and sight experts, but nothing could be done about for her. Eventually, Helens parents met a 20-year-old ex-student of the Perkins Institute for the Blind called Annie Sullivan. Annie was partially sight-impaired. On the recommendation of the director of the Perkins Institute, the Kellers employed Annie as their daughters teacher and companion. Annie Sullivan and Helen Keller stayed friends for almost 50 years. Annie began teaching little Helen to communicate by spelling words into her hand beginning with D-O-L-L for the gift Annie had brought Helen when she rst arrived at the Keller home. Annies teaching of Helen was remarkable. There were times when Annie was so exhausted she almost gave up.
Annie and Helen

Helen Keller (1880 - 1968) was born into a fairly well-off family
Helen was a strong little girl and often she would slap Annie and hit her across the face. There were many physical ghts between the two of them. At meal times, Helen threw her food all around the room. But, after months of perseverance, Helen began to respond to Annies friendship and teaching. Helen showed a keen intelligence and enquiring mind as her education continued. At the age of 24, she graduated from college, the rst deaf and blind
person to achieve a Bachelor of Arts degree. Annie was Helens companion until she died in 1936. Helen became a writer, political activist and campaigner for womens rights. She died in 1968 at the ripe old age of 87. Every summer, as a tribute to her life and work, there are performances of the play The Miracle Worker in the grounds of her home.
The plot
The play is set in the Keller
home in Alabama in the 1880s. It is night and three concerned adults are watching the crib of the baby Helen. Something is wrong. Helens parents, Kate and Arthur, are discussing their child earnestly with a doctor. They are talking about the serious illness that has almost killed Helen. Kate suddenly makes a horric discovery. The daughter can neither see nor hear the illness has made her deaf and blind. Five and a half years pass and Helen, unable to communicate,
is now a wild child who is indulged by her parents because they dont know how to treat her. Her behaviour is like that of an animal. If she is denied anything, she throws dreadful temper tantrums. In desperation, they hire a young teacher called Annie Sullivan and give her the job of teaching Helen basic human behaviour. Annie and Helen become locked in a battle of wills. Annie believes that language is the key to getting through to Helens mind and she begins to spell words onto the palm of the childs hand. Helen violently resists anything her teacher tries to do. Isolating the child from her family, Annie continues to struggle both mentally and physically with Helen. After a long and tiring ght, Annie appears to be getting nowhere and she is ready to give up. The only thing left to do is to return Helen to her family and let her sink further into her ferral behaviour. When she is older, she will have to be placed, in an institution. Annie has tried her best to rescue the child from a certain fate. When Helen suddenly spills a jar of water over Annie, the teacher drags her outside to rell it. Never giving up, she spells water onto the childs hand, and suddenly a miracle happens. Helen responds with the sound wah-wah. A breakthrough has been made. Helen has shown understanding. The play ends.
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Exercises Exercises -The The Miracle Miracle Worker Worker

Comprehension
Answer to these questions about The Miracle Worker. 1 What sort of play do you think The Miracle Worker is? a a comedy-drama b a straight drama 2 When and where does the action of the play take place? a in the UK at the beginning of the 19th century b in America at the end of the 19th century 3 a b 4 a b 5 a b 6 How would you describe Helen when Annie rst met her? a wild and socially out-of-control b a very willing pupil 7 What does Annie believe is the way to get through to Helens mind? a the touch spelling of language b the sound of language
Word power
1 biographical (adj) a about the life of a particular person b written about yourself 2 a teleplay (n) a a play written especially for television b a short drama that lasts under half an hour 3 to premiere (vb) a to be shown for the rst time (of a lm, drama etc) b to get very good newspaper reviews 4 moving (adj) a showing no emotion b very emotional 5 fairly well-off (adj phr) a being quite bright and intelligent b having quite a bit of money 6 sight-impaired (adj) a being able to see without using glasses b being partially blind 7 remarkable (adj) a showy and highly-decorated b out of the ordinary and very unusual 8 perseverance (n) a continued effort and determination b strength and intelligence 9 a political activist (n) a someone who has no interest in politics b someone who ghts for political change 10 earnestly (adv) a with seriousness and determination b with a total lack of interest
8 What was Annies own handicap? a she was partially deaf What is the highly dramatic opening of the play? b she was partically blind two parents discover their infant child is going to be severely handicapped 9 What is roughly the time span of the play? a doctor attends the death of a child a 15 years b six years The story of The Miracle Worker has been told in three different forms. What are they? 10 What is the importance of the word a novel, a television play and a stage drama water in The Miracle Worker? a television play, a stage play and a movie a it is the rst word that Helen Keller understands How did Annie Sullivan rst come into b it is the last word she spoke before Helen Kellers life? her illness she was Helens nurse in a hospital for the blind she was hired as Helens personal teacher
Answers on page 124
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Exercises - The Miracle Worker

Gaps and more gaps
Complete these setences with one of the key words or phrases. 1 Why are you behaving so ___________________________? Its unlike you. 2 This is a ___________________________ account of the early years of Jacky Chan. 3 I give you full marks for ___________________________. You are not going to give up, are you? 4 Mrs Pankhurst was ___________________________ who fought for votes for women in Britain. 5 Ive just had my rst ___________________________ accepted by Channel 5. 6 I think that is one of the most ___________________________ poems Ive read. 5 Have you bought Mum a gift? 7 Your debating was ___________________________. I have never heard you argue your case like that before. 8 Ive got a good job at the moment and am ___________________________. 9 Iron Man 2 is due ___________________________ month. 10 I didnt know that your granddad was ___________________________. How much can he actually see? 6 Why dont you respond when I ask a question? 3 Why are you looking so concerned? 4 Shall we hire a couple of bikes?
Re-writer!
Rewrite these questions replacing the highlighted word with one similar in meaning. 1 Why did you brake so suddenly? 2 Who put the baby in the crib?
Re-writer 2!
Rewrite these sentences replacing the highlighted word with one similar in meaning. 1 I dont like mysterious behaviour in people I know well. 2 My uncle is partially deaf. 3 Hes been my grandmas companion since Granddad died. 4 Your behaviour is totally unacceptable! 5 His answers were keen and to the point. 6 Hes received lots of tributes for his charity work. Answers on page 124
One word
Here are 12 words from the article about The Miracle Worker. Match each one with a word that has a similar meaning from the box on the right. 1 3 5 7 9 11 suddenly partially gift keen concerned hire 2 4 6 8 10 12 mysterious companion respond tribute crib behaviour a c e g i k accolade friend conduct present partly cot b d f h j l unexplained worried rapidly answer sharp rent
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Short stories level 1
The Pied Piper of Hamelin

By Robert Browning. Retold by John Millen
Frau Neff scurried
amongst the market stalls. She had never seen the town square so empty on a market day. It was a warm, April morning and usually weather like this would bring everyone out of their houses to enjoy the sunshine. But not today. The citizens of Hamelin were not leaving their homes this morning unless it was absolutely necessary. There was only a scattering of stalls dotted around the market square. Word had quickly spread amongst the local farmers and merchants that there was something wrong in Hamelin and business was bad. Next week, even fewer traders would bother to set up their stalls in the town. An old woman selling homemade wine suddenly cursed as part of her stall collapsed, smashing bottles and jars on the cobble stones. Did you see that one? she screamed. Its as big as a dog! Im getting out of here as quick as I can! The crash of glass behind her had startled Frau Neff, but she didnt turn round. She took to her
heels and ran all the way home as fast as her legs would carry her. You have to do something about the rats, she shouted at her husband the mayor as she slammed the door rmly behind her. They are taking over the town. We are having a meeting tonight, my dear. A stranger has got in touch and he says he can help us. Well see what he says. Now, what did you manage to get for lunch? The town of Hamelin had been plagued by rats for the last two weeks. Rats of all shapes and sizes had attacked dogs, killed
cats, bitten babies, stolen food and generally made life very unpleasant. No one knew where the rats had come from and no one knew how to get rid of them. Rats had even made a nest in the mayors best hat. It was time something was done, and yesterday His Worship the Mayor had taken desperate measures. He had offered a lot of his own money to anyone who could clear his town of the rats. The man who turned up at the mayors meeting took everyone by surprise. To begin with, he looked very odd. He was extremely tall and stick-thin and
was wearing the strangest clothes. He wore a long coat, half red, half yellow. His greasy, fair hair fell in loose strands onto his shoulders. Around his neck he wore a long red and yellow scarf at the end of which hung a pipe. The desperate mayor struck a deal to give the stranger a thousand guilders to clear Hamelin of rats. It was a lot of money, but what else could the mayor do? The stranger immediately walked out of the council chambers into the street and began to play a weird
tune on his pipe. Within a couple of seconds, big rats, small rats, fat rats, thin rats appeared from inside the houses and shops, lining themselves up in neat rows behind the Piper. In just a few minutes every rat in Hamelin had come out of hiding in answer to the strange music.
Without a glance behind him, the Piper walked to the river. At the waters edge, he stopped, but his music and the rats continued. Tens, hundreds, thousands of endish rats plunged into the water, their bodies quickly swept away by the swift-owing current. When every rat had been carried away by the river, the Piper stopped playing his music. He turned to speak to the mayor. And now, sir, my thousand guilders and Ill be on my way. My job here is done. The mayor had his answer ready. Ive had another meeting
with my council and weve decided to give you half of what you asked. Take 500 guilders or nothing. Thats my nal offer. And you can blow on your pipe until it bursts. Youre not getting a guilder more. The Piper said nothing. He lifted his pipe to his lips and began to play the sweetest tune. A boy and then a girl skipped to the Pipers side. Their friends joined them. Soon every child in Hamelin had run to be with the Piper. The adults watched in amazement but the Pipers music had bewitched them and they couldnt move. Clapping their hands and singing, the children followed the Piper down the main street, through the elds and up the slope of the mountainside. A door opened in the grassy slope and the Piper and the children danced inside the mountain. When the last child was inside, the door closed. The Piper had claimed his payment for driving the rats out of Hamelin. The job was done.
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Short Short stories stories level level 11
Exercises Exercises -The The Pied Pied Piper Piper of of Hamelin Hamelin
The Pipers key words and phrases
What do these words and phrases mean? 1 to scurry (vb) a to move slowly as if in a dream b to move quickly with small steps 2 a scattering (n) a a small number of things in a particular area b a large number of big objects 3 a curse (n) a a pleasant greeting b a set of rude or angry words 4 to take to ones heels (vb phr) a to run away from something very quickly b to jump high in the air 5 to get in touch (vb phr) a to ignore b to make contact 6 to plague (vb) a to cause difculties over a period of time b to make something worse than it already is 7 desperate measures (n) a happy and peaceful moments b serious actions taken when there isnt any other choice 8 to strike a deal (vb phr) a to refuse a good offer b to come to an agreement 9 to plunge (vb) a to move in a downwards direction from a great height b to move forward with slow steps 10 to claim payment (vb phr) a to do something and receive no money b to ask for the money for a job youve done 11 without a glance (phr) a not listening carefully b not looking 12 endish (adj) a cruel and evil b expensive and classy 13 to be on your way (vb phr) a to start your journey b to arrive early 14 a swift-owing current (n + adj) a a wide and dangerous river b a quick moving ow of water
Which word or phrase?

Choose the correct word or phrase needed to make each of these sentences make sense. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 We could see a (plague / scattering) of houses in the distance. She (plunged / scurried) to the door like a little mouse. Ive come (to strike a deal / to claim payment) for the job I did last week. She (took to her heels / got in touch) when the police appeared. You havent (stuck a deal / got in touch) about arrangements for the trip. Weve had a (curse / plague) of wasps in the park this year. There was no need for that (scattering / curse) when you dropped the bottle of water. The hot air balloon suddenly (scurried / plunged) into the trees.
Why and because

Can you answer these questions about The Pied Piper of Hamelin? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 a b c d e f g h Why does Frau Neff not spend more time in the market? Why does the old wine seller suddenly let out a curse? Why arent there more stalls in the market place? Why is the mayor desperate? Why is the Piper referred to as Pied? Why does the mayor go back on his deal? Why has Hamelin been plagued by rats? Why does the Piper take away the towns children? Because her stall is destroyed. Because its an old English word meaning having two colours. No one knows. Because business is bad. Because shes scared. Because hes a greedy man. Because his town is under threat. Because the mayor has been dishonest.
Answers on page 124
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Exercises - The Pied Piper of Hamelin

Re-writer!
Rewrite these sentences by putting the verb into the past tense. 1 The town of Hamelin is plagued by rats. 2 The mayor doesnt know what to do. 3 A stranger comes to the town to help. 4 The Pied Piper looks a bit odd. 5 The Piper succeeds in ridding the town of rats. 6 The mayor makes a deal with the Piper. 7 The Piper leads the rats into the river. 8 All the rats drown.
Word box
Match the words or phrases in box A with a word or phrase with a similar meaning in box B 1 3 5 7 9
empty (adj) merchants (pl n) business (n) to propose (vb) a sum (n)
2 4 6 8 10
citizens (pl n) to be bothered to (vb) to slam (vb) endish (adj) a fortnight (n)
a c e g i
two weeks unlled to take the trouble to trade to suggest
b d f h j
tradesmen townspeople an amount to close noisily evil
Use the alternative

Rewrite these sentences using the alternative words from b) 1 He left the petrol tank empty when he borrowed the car. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 What do you propose? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 All the citizens will vote tomorrow. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4 Ill come and see you in a fortnight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5 There are lots of merchants in our town. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 Why did you slam the door? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7 Thats a very endish plan. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 Business is bad these days. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9 What sum of money do you want to pay? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10 Can you be bothered to give me an answer? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Answers on page 124
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The TheRed-headed Red-headed League League

the door behind me. Sorry Holmes. I beg your pardon for this interruption, I said. No matter, Watson. Im pleased to see you. Doctor Watson, may I introduce Mr Jabez Wilson. He has brought me a most bizarre case to consider. I dont know as yet if any crime is involved, but what this gentleman has just told me has certainly intrigued me. Sherlock Holmes, Londons most celebrated private detective, lit his pipe and began drumming his ngers impatiently on the desk-top. There was nothing memorable about Holmes visitor apart from his blazing red hair. I had never seen anyone with hair as red as Mr Wilsons. Wilson stood up and pulled a newspaper from the inside pocket of his coat. Here is it. You can read it for yourself, sir. I took the paper from him and read as follows: A vacancy has occurred in The Red-Headed League. All men with red hair over the age of 21 may apply. A salary of 4 will be paid weekly. Apply on Monday, at 11 oclock at the Leagues ofces, 7 Popes Court.
By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Retold by John Millen

to come to this place daily and copy pages from a book until the task was done. I would be handsomely paid. All very odd and suspicious, observed Holmes. I was told then and there that Id got the position. You can imagine my surprise. I turned up in the ofce in Popes Court the next day at 10 to nd pen, ink and paper all waiting for me, and I began work. Eight weeks passed by. And then suddenly the whole business came to an end. To an end? I repeated. I turned up a few days ago and there was a noticed pinned to the door of the ofce. The RedHeaded League is Dissolved. I asked around about Mr Ross, the man I had met the rst day and who had come every week to pay me, but no one knew anything about him. One question, Mr Wilson. Your assistant, what is he like, this Vincent? enquired Holmes. Small, stout-built. He has a white acid burn on his face. I think that is all for today, Mr Wilson, Holmes said suddenly. I will be in touch when I have the solution to this strange mystery. After our visitor had left, Holmes invited me to take a walk later after dinner. We walked to Coburg Square to take a look at Wilsons home. This turned out to be a dingy house in need of renovation. We stood for a few moments on the pavement outside then Holmes impatiently banged on the paving stones with his stick and walked to the end of the street. Come, Watson, we have an appointment in that large building over there - The City and Suburban Bank. Holmes knew Merryweather, the banks director and before I could ask any questions, the three of us were standing in the dark vault under the bank building. Suddenly there was a banging sound in the distance. It grew closer and all at once, with an almighty crash, a hole appeared in the wall opposite us. Over the edge, a face appeared lit by lantern light. Sherlock Holmes sprung forward and seized the intruder by the neck. Gentlemen, meet Mr John Clay, also known as Vincent. The Red-Headed League was a trick to get Wilson out of his house whilst Mr Clay here tunnelled from the cellar, under the road and into the bank. I knew there was a tunnel when I banged on the pavement outside Mr Wilsons house. No use, struggling, Clay! The police are on their way to arrest you. Sherlock Holmes had done it again! All in a days work for Londons greatest detective.
I closed
What on earth does this mean? I asked. Mr Wilson will explain. Your story again, sir, said Holmes. Well, Mr Holmes, Doctor Watson, I run a small pawnbrokers business in Coburg Square in the banking district of the city. I have an assistant called Vincent who lives on the premises. Hes keenly interested in photography. Hes always snapping away and then spending his spare time in the cellar developing his pictures. It was Vincent who told me about the Red-Headed League. The League had been set up by a millionaire who wanted to help people with red hair. I dont go out much and Vincent thought this was a good chance for me to meet people, besides earning a bit of money. Indeed, said Holmes. So, at the appointed time, I went to Popes Court. There was a long line of men right out onto the street all with red hair but not with the deep red shade of mine. Wilson proudly stroked his aming locks. I was interviewed by a Mr Ross who told me about the RedHeaded League and informed me that my duties would be
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Exercises Exercises -The The Red-headed Red-headed League League

Key nouns and adjectives
What are the meanings of these nouns and adjectives from The Red-headed League? 1 an interruption a something that stops something else from happening for a short period b a loud noise that scares everyone who hears it 2 a vacancy a a position of great responsibility and prestige in a bank b a job that no one is currently doing and is available for someone else to do 3 a pawnbroker a a lawyer who deals with easy cases that only last a short time in court b a person who lends money in exchange for objects that can be sold if the person who has left them does not pay the money back on time 4 the appointed time a the time left to complete a task b the time at which you have agreed to do something 5 a task a a piece of work that has to be done b the last job in a series of similar jobs 6 an appointment a an agreed meeting with someone b a meeting that nobody attends 7 an intruder a someone who earns their living through crime b someone who is in a place where they should not be 8 a case a a series of events that should be investigated further b a nancial problem involving a lot of people 9 bizarre a very, very strange b extremely expensive 10 dingy a shiny and new b dark and dirty
Word power
Use one of the new nouns or adjectives to complete these sentences. 1 Theres a _______________________________ on the school council. Are you going to apply? 2 This is an important _______________________________ and must be done by the end of the day. 3 The dentist is very busy today. Do you have an _______________________________ ? 4 There was an _______________________________ in the garden last night. Im going to call the police. 5 Turn the lights on! Its very _______________________________ in here. 6 Why are you wearing that _______________________________ hat? You look like a beggar! 7 Youre late! Its half past nine. _______________________________ was nine oclock. 8 Im sorry about the _______________________________ to the movie. There was a short power-cut.
The words the same

In The Red-headed League, the noun case means an event that should be looked into further usually by the police or a detective. But case can also mean a container for storing things. Here are some nouns that have two meanings. case / ball / bank / dash / lap / race / sound / stall / tap / tip / kid / page Which denitions describe each noun? Remember, each noun must t both meanings. 1 a formal event where people dance / a round object used in games _______________________________ 2 the sloping side of a river / an organisation that keeps your money _______________________________ 3 a complete journey round a race track / the top surface of the upper part of your legs when you are sitting down _______________________________ 4 the thing that controls the ow of water from a pipe / a quick gentle knock on something _______________________________ 5 a young goat / an informal word for a child _______________________________ 6 a short quick run to somewhere / a very short line / a punctuation mark _______________________________ 7 a table from where things are sold in an outdoor public area / a small indoors area in which a farm animal is kept _______________________________ 8 something you can hear / a passage of sea connecting two larger sea areas _______________________________ And now there are four words in the double-meanings word list that you havent used for the above exercise. Find the meanings yourself with the help of your dictionary.
Answers on page 124
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Exercises - The Red-headed League

Short words/short sentences
Use one of the short double meaning words in each of these short sentences. You might need one of the words whose meaning you have found out yourself. 1 My brother is a very naughty little _______________________________ . 2 I need to make a _______________________________ for the toilet. 3 Should there be a _______________________________ between these two words? 4 Turn to _______________________________ seven in your text book. 5 We cant get any water. The _______________________________ is blocked up. 6 Tidy your bedroom. Its a real _______________________________. 7 Did you hear that _______________________________ in the cellar? 8 Each _______________________________ should weigh less than 23 kilos. 9 I think this is a _______________________________ for the police. 10 Come and sit on my _______________________________ ! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sherlock Holmes is a famous ctional detective. The action of the story takes place in Japan. Mr Wilson lives in the nancial area of London. The character of Doctor Watson does not appear in this story. The action of the story unfolds over several years. Holmes fails to solve this particular case. The criminal in the case works for Doctor Watson. The Red-Headed League does not exist. Mr Wilson is the master-mind behind the crime.
Its not true!

Which of these statements about the Sherlock Holmes story The Red-Headed League are true and which are false? True False
Vocabulary building
Which words or phrases in the story mean the same as these words and phrases? 1 every week ______________________________ 2 headquarters ______________________________ 3 area ______________________________ 4 helper ______________________________ 5 free time ______________________________ 6 a queue ______________________________ 7 every day ______________________________ 8 the following day ______________________________ 9 a disturbance ______________________________ 10 remarkable ______________________________
Wordsearch
See if you can spot these words from the story. ACID ASSISTANT BANK BURN COBURG COURT DETECTIVE HANDSOMELY HOLMES INTRUDER JOHN CLAY LEAGUE LONDON MERRYWEATHER PAVEMENT PHOTOGRAPHY PIPE POPES COURT ROSS SHERLOCK SUSPICIOUS TUNNELLED VAULT VINCENT WATSON WILSON
Answers on page 124
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The TheMonkeys MonkeysPaw Paw

By W.W. Jacobs. Retold by John Millen
the night was cold and wet but inside the Whites living room, the curtains were drawn and a re burned brightly. Mr White and his son Herbert were playing chess and Mrs White was knitting quietly. Here he is, said Herbert excitedly as the gate banged and heavy footsteps came towards the door. Mr White jumped up and went into the entrance hall. He was smiling broadly as he returned, followed by a tall, thick-set man with a swarthy, red face. Sergeant-Major Morris, he said as the newcomer shook hands with Herbert and Mrs White. Sit yourself down, sir. Youll take a glass of whisky? Soon the Whites were listening intently as their guest told stories of his life in India. Youve been away for 20 years, said Mr White. I envy you. Id like to see the temples and those Indian magic-men myself. What was that you started telling me about a monkeys paw? Just a bit of magic, replied
Outside,
Morris. He pulled something out of his pocket and held it up into the lantern-light. A withered monkeys paw that had a spell put on it by an Indian holy-man. Three separate men could each have three wishes from it. The rst owner had his three wishes. His last one was for death and thats how I got the paw. I, too, have had my three wishes and so I no longer have use for the paw. It has brought me nothing but bad luck. Morris tone became so grave that a hush fell over the little group. Then, the sergeantmajor suddenly threw the paw into the re. Mr White gasped. Not even caring if he burned his hand, he bent down and snatched the paw from the ames, quickly smothering the smoking fur. If you dont want it, Morris, sell it to me! he said. Better to destroy it now. If you keep it, dont blame me for what happens, Morris shrugged. But,
White slipped the monkeys paw into his pocket, handed Morris two 10 notes from his wallet and poured Morris another glass of whisky. Mrs White served supper and the paw was forgotten. Morris left a couple of hours later. The Whites were very happy with their purchase. Make us rich, Father! said Herbert as the three of them sat round the table looking at the paw. Lets start modestly, replied his father with caution. I wish for 200! he whispered, grasping the paw tightly in his right hand. A sudden gust of wind made a door outside bang with an almighty crash. Mr White dropped the paw back on the table. It moved! As I made the wish, it twisted like a snake in my hand! Well, I dont see any money, said Mrs White. Her husband grunted and picked up the monkeys paw. Grasping it as tightly as he could he took it upstairs to bed. The next day both Mr and Mrs White thought about the monkeys paw all the time but neither spoke of it. Herbert was at work and his parents had an empty day ahead of them.
You know, that monkeys paw did move in my hand last night when I wished for the 200. Mrs White made no reply. She was staring through the window watching the movements of a man standing at the garden gate. The man suddenly ran up the path and knocked at the door. Mr White went into the hall, and a few moments later brought the stranger into the living room. My dear, this gentleman is a director at the place where Herbert works, said Mr White to his wife. Sir, how can we help you? It must be about our son. Im afraid there has been
a terrible accident. But it was Herberts fault. He got caught in some machinery and Im afraid he died instantly. We accept no responsibility. But we would like to present you with a sum of money as compensation. Here is 200 from our company. Mrs White shrieked and clapped her hand over her mouth and her husband dropped in a senseless heap onto the oor. Herbert Whites funeral was over quickly. Back home, Mrs White sobbed uncontrollably on her husbands shoulder. Suddenly she whispered, Bring me the monkeys paw. We have two wishes left. Outside, the sky blackened and stormy rain
lashed the house. Mrs White stood up, holding the paw. I wish to see my son alive! she shouted into the air. Bring him back to me from the grave! Immediately, a loud knock resounded through the house. There was a crashing against the outside door and Mrs White ran into the hall. She reached up for the door bolt, but her husband grabbed her hands. Its my son! Hes dead and buried, but hes come back to us, she cried. Mr White pulled his wife away from the door. Dont let it in! Dont let the thing in! He fell to his knees and crawled back into the living room in search of the monkeys paw. He heard more loud knocks on the door and the creaking of the bolt as his wife pulled it back. Mr White found the paw and frantically breathed the third and last wish. The knocking stopped. The door opened. Mrs White wailed loudly as she surveyed the empty garden and the street beyond. The only movement was the ickering of the streetlamp now that the storm had suddenly stopped.
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Exercises Exercises -The The Monkeys Monkeys Paw Paw

Comprehension
1 a b 2 a b 3 a b What is the weather like at the start of the story? pretty awful like summer in India How many times has Morris been to the Whites house recently? frequently he hasnt visited them at all Why is Mr White eager to greet Morris? hes never met the man before hes been away a long time 6 a b 7 a b 8 a b 9 a b Why does Morris leave the house richer than when he arrived? the Whites have given him a present his hosts have bought something from him How does Herbert White die? in a trafc accident in an industrial accident How do the Whites get their 200? its compensation for their sons death Morris gives it to them How does Mrs White want to use the monkeys paw? to bring her son back from the dead to punish Morris

What are the meanings of these words and phrases from The Monkeys Paw? 1 a b 2 a b 3 a b heavy footsteps (adj + n) the loud sound of someone walking the soft sound of someone dancing swarthy (adj) dark-skinned blue-eyed a grave tone (n + adj) a distant, low sound a serious expression in the voice 6 a b 7 a b 8 a b 9 a b withered (adj) dry and having no life in it bright and full of colour a hush (n) a period of quietness a sudden loud noise an empty day (n + adj) a day when you feel you have achieved nothing a day when you have nothing to do to accept responsibility (vb phr) to not tell the truth about something to admit that you did something wrong
4 What is Morris attitude towards the paw? a he is excited by what it can do b he is tired of it 5 a b Why does Mr White risk burning himself? he desperately wants to own the paw he wants to destroy it
4 thick-set (adj) a slim and short b broad and fattish 5 a b to listen intently (vb phr) to listen with a bored look on your face to listen very carefully
10 How does Mr White use his last wish? a to bring his son back to life b to stop his son coming into the house
10 a heap (n) a a small, at area b a disorganised pile
Use the words

Use one of the key words or phrases to ll the gap in each of these sentences. Make sure you put the verb into its correct tense and form. 1 2 3 5 6 7 Answers on page 125 8 He _______________________________ as the lawyer read out his grandfathers will. Who has left that _______________________________ of rubbish on the oor? There was a _______________________________ as soon as the movie began. The bunch of owers was now old and _______________________________. The bodyguard was a _______________________________ man with long legs and arms. I_______________________________ for the accident. It was my fault. The policeman spoke in_______________________________ as he questioned me about the accident.
4 Ive nothing planned. Ive got _______________________________ in front of me.
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Exercises - The Monkeys Paw

Re-writer!
Give each of these sentences from the story the opposite meaning by changing the highlighted word. 1 2 3 Outside, the night was cold. The curtains were drawn. Mr White jumped up.
Useful adverbs
An adverb describes how an action is done. In English, we usually make an adverb by adding -ly to an adjective. bright/brightly A re burned brightly
Write out these sentences correctly by turning the adjective into an adverb. Be careful with the spelling of numbers 8 and 9. 1 2 3 They walked (slow) towards the door. Why dont you think more (careful) before you speak? Close the door (quiet), please!
4 He pulled something out of his pocket. 5 6 7 8 9 He went upstairs to bed. I want to see my son dead! The rst owner had his three wishes. The storm had suddenly stopped. It has brought me bad luck.
4 The snow was falling (light) when we went out into the garden. 5 6 7 8 9 The trafc was moving (quick) along the main road. They were (secret) texting each other. This book was published (recent). Dont eat so (messy). She sighed (heavy).
10 Youve done that job very (thorough). Good.
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Poems level 1
A load of nonsense
make the reader feel something. It can make you feel happy, frightened, sad, upset or any other emotion in the long list of feelings humans can have. But nonsense poems are special. They set out to do one thing - make you laugh or smile because they are silly. The poem doesnt have to have a meaning and it should not make any sense. It can be long or short or any shape the poet wants it to be. A good nonsense poem can contain one stupid thought or it can be full of foolish ideas, words and images. If a nonsense poem makes you say to yourself How ridiculous was that! it has hit the nail on the head and done its job with great success. Nonsense poetry has been around for a long time with some of the earliest examples existing in Ancient Greek writings. Some of the greatest writers of nonsense poems like Lewis Carroll (1832 - 1898) and Edward Lear (1812 - 1888) wrote some of their stupidest poems for children. But adults, who dont normally want any nonsense in their lives, often nd themselves appreciating the hidden cleverness of good nonsense verse. The humour in a nonsense poem can come from many things. The story might be bizarre
A poem should always
Nobody can explain the meaning of those lines, but they raise a smile not only on the faces of children but also on the face of any adult who knows them. Nonsense poetry is there to take away a welcome layer of seriousness from the heavy world around us. We all need a good laugh from time to time.
Edward Lear and the Jumblies.

What exactly is a jumbly? Ask the famous English Victorian nonsense poet Edward Lear that question. It would have been very interesting to hear his answer. Lear was born in London in May, 1812. As a boy he was largely ignored by his parents, but someone did eventually notice that he had a talent for drawing and when he was 15, young Edward was pushed into a job as a professional illustrator. A book of his drawings was published when he was 20, and the rich Earl of Derby gave him the job of cataloguing his collection of rare animals. Whilst he was working for the Earl, Lear
made up silly poems to entertain his boss children, and these were soon published under the title A Book of Nonsense which became a great popular hit with both children and adults. Astonished at the success of his poems, Lear began to write longer verses including the brilliant The Owl and the Pussycat, The Dong with the Luminous Nose and the classic The Jumblies. Edward Lear died in 1888.
And now, meet The Jumblies

This is the rst verse of Edward Lears six-verse poem The Jumblies. To nd out what happened to the Jumblies, search for them online and join them in their sieve. They went to sea in a sieve, they did, In a sieve they went to sea, In spite of all their friends could say, On a winters morn, on a stormy day, In a sieve they went to sea! And when the sieve turned round and round, And every one cried, Youll all be drowned! They called aloud, Our sieve aint big, But we dont care a button! We dont care a g! In a sieve well go to sea! Far and few, far and few, Are the lands where the Jumblies live. Their heads are green, and their hands are blue, And they went to sea in a sieve.
and stupid as in Edward Lears classic The Owl and the Pussycat. Nobody could say that the idea of an owl getting married to a cat is anything but nonsense. Much nonsense poetry makes use of invented words which dont have a meaning. What exactly isa runcible spoon? What are the borogroves in Carrolls Jabberwocky? And, come to that, what exactly is a jabberwocky? One thing is certain. You wont nd out by reading the poem, because its a nonsense poem. Some very clever nonsense poems make use of English words or words that sound
English, but make up their own grammar rules. The Beatle, John Lennon 1940 - 1980) loved writing nonsense poems as well as penning the lyrics to hit songs. He liked to invent his own peculiar way of constructing sentences. Much of Lennons poetry sounds as if it should make sense, but it doesnt. Silly ideas, playing with words, messy sentences and madeup words are just a few of the inventive ways that writers of nonsense verse get effects in their poetry. Childrens nursery rhymes are often inventive nonsense poems pretending to be just a
string of words chanted to make young children laugh. Hey diddle, diddle The cat and the ddle The cow jumped over the moon The little dog laughed to see such fun And the dish ran away with the spoon
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Poems Poems level level 11
Exercises Exercises -AA load load of of nonsense nonsense

Key words
What are the meanings of these important words from the article about nonsense poetry and Edward Lears poem The Jumblies? Select a word that means the same. 1 upset (adj) a happy 2 ridiculous (adj) a expensive 3 to pen (vb) a to kiss 4 messy (adj) a beautiful 5 made-up (adj) a purchased 6 a ddle (n) a a violin b distressed b late b to appreciate b untidy b bright b a guitar c worried c stupid c to recognise c lovely c invented c a piano d tired d ancient d to write d neat d cooked d a trumpet
New word power

Use one of the key words or phrases in each of these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Do you __________________________________ about what people think about you? I was very __________________________________ when I heard about the accident. Do you __________________________________ about me and my feelings? The price they are asking for those ats is __________________________________. I need to drain the liquid from this tin of lychees. Pass me the __________________________________. You will have to get used to working with the new boss. Hes going __________________________________. I didnt know a __________________________________ was a musical instrument, did you? This is a __________________________________ piece of news. It cant be true. I want my hair to look __________________________________, not neat.
Understanding the nonsense

Put together the two halves of these sentences to make them make sense. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A poem should always The poet Edward Lear lived Lears Jumblies go to sea Nonsense poetry should The Jumblies exist No idea is too stupid Some nonsense poems Edward Lear began his career a b c d e f g h during the reign of Queen Victoria. by being a professional illustrator. only in Edward Lears imagination. create a response in the reader. to be used in a nonsense poem. in a kitchen implement with holes in it. use made-up words and messy grammar. never make sense in the usual meaning of the word.
Which one?
Choose the correct meaning. 7 a sieve (n) a a kitchen utensil used for separating liquids from solids 8 to care a button (vb phr) a to care nothing about something 9 to care a g (vb phr) a to care a lot about something 10 to be around for a long time (vb phr) a to be present for a long period of time b a metal roasting pan
b to care very much about something b to care nothing about something b to exist in someones imagination
Answers on page 125125 Answers on page
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Exercises - A load of nonsense

Expand your vocabulary
Re-write these sentences with a word opposite in meaning to the highlighted words. Then you have a completely new sentence. 1 I feel something for him. 2 It will make you feel very happy. 2 3 A poem can make you laugh. 3 We have to use a material that is not metallic for that box. 4 This is the earliest example of a nonsense poem. 4 You paid a deposit that is not refundable, madam. 5 The little dog laughed to see such fun. 5 The gas that was emitted was not toxic. 6 Edward Lear was born in London. 6 May needs to sleep with a special pillow that is not allergic. 7 He was born on a winters morning. 7 Root beer is a beverage thats not alcoholic. 8 He wrote silly poems. 8 What he did was not criminal. 9 The poems were a great success. The group I volunteer for is not a governmental one.
Useful adjectives
Some adjectives can be given the opposite meaning by using the prex non-. Alcoholic means having alcohol in a drink and non-alcoholic means alcohol free. Beer is an alcoholic drink. Orange juice is a non-alcoholic drink. Rewrite each of these sentences using one new adjective instead of the highlighted words. Be careful where you place your adjective. 1 Ive just bought an expensive suit that is not essential.
Now your turn

1 Find another poem by Edward Lear and introduce it in a few sentences to someone who has never heard of nonsense poetry. 2 Who was Lewis Carroll and what is the name of the most famous book he wrote? 3 Find out ve facts about John Lennon. 4 Make up ve adjectives that could be used in a nonsense poem. 5 You are writing a poem about some creatures with blue heads and green feet. What are you going to call them? 6 Write a short nonsense poem of 10 lines or less.
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Poems level 2
A Aeld eldof ofdaffodils daffodils

Poets and nature
Nature has always been a great inspiration to anyone who wants to write a poem. A poem is often a picture in words and the endless beauty and variety of the natural world offers a wealth of inspiration. The theme of a poem inspired by nature can be something mighty like a mountain or the sea, or it can be something tiny like a small bird or a single ower. The list of topics that nature can provide to a poet is endless. The English poet William Wordsworth (17701850) looked to nature for most of his inspiration. He believed poets should go out into nature, take a good look at what they see and then translate these emotions and observations into verse. Wordsworths most famous poem is about a ower that blooms in the elds of England in springtime. nature. William lost his mother when he was eight years old and ve years later, his father also died, leaving the teenaged Wordsworth and his sister orphans. With the support of his uncles, William studied at local schools and then at Cambridge University where he published his rst poems. After meeting the poet Coleridge in 1795, Wordsworth became even more interested in poetry, and his love of nature inspired him to write a collection of poems which he called Lyrical Ballads. In 1799, Wordsworth moved back to his beloved Lake District and settled down in a house called Dove Cottage in the village of Grasmere. He published his second verse collection, Poems, in Two Volumes in 1807. William Wordsworth spent the rest of his life in the Lake District. He died in 1850.
Daffodils
By William Wordsworth
I wanderd lonely as a cloud That oats on high oer vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the Milky Way, They stretchd in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. The waves besides them danced, but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: A poet could not be but gay, In such a jocund company: I gazed and gazed, but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought: For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They ash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure lls And dances with the daffodils. beautiful sights in the whole of the natural world. endlessly along the shore of the lake. The water in the lake was moving too, but the daffodils moved more beautifully. No one could be anything but happy to see such a beautiful sight. Whenever he feels sad or empty, Wordsworth tells us all he has to do is remember the daffodils and he becomes happy and forgets his sadness. His heart lls with pleasure, and dances with the daffodils.
The daffodil
Daffodils are one of the worlds most popular owers because of their simple and beautiful appearance. There is nothing complicated or ostentatious about the daffodil. It is a yellow, trumpet-shaped ower on an upright green stalk. Daffodils grow in the wild in parts of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. They grow perennially from bulbs instead of seeds. In England, daffodils are one of the earliest owers to appear in spring. Daffodils usually grow in large clusters, covering elds, woodlands and hillsides in splashes of yellow. The blooms last for a few weeks and then die off, and the whole plant withers and appears dead. But it isnt. The daffodil is just resting, getting ready to burst out again the following year and cover the countryside in yellow patches. In spring, the Lake District in the North of England is awash with thousands and thousands of daffodils. It is one of the most
William W
William Wordsworth was born in 1770 in the Lake District, one of the most beautiful regions of England. Its an area of rivers, lakes, hills and trees, lovely sunsets and farms. The magnicent countryside of the Lake District interested Wordsworth from an early age and gave him a deep love of
Dancing in the breeze

One day in spring, Wordsworth was walking in the countryside. He was wandering, as alone as a cloud in the sky, up hills and down into valleys. Suddenly he saw a eld of yellow daffodils next to a lake. The owers looked like they were dancing in the breeze. They stretched
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Exercises Exercises -AA eld eld of of daffodils daffodils

Key words
What are the meanings of these important words from A Field of Daffodils? 1 inspiration (n) a someone or something that gives you an idea to do something b an event in the past that made you unhappy 2 theme (n) a an idea that makes you feel very angry with someone b the main subject of a talk or book or lm. 3 mighty (adj) a small and expensive b big and powerful 4 observation (n) a something that you have seen and thought about b a treatment in hospital 5 ballad (n) a a long poem that does not rhyme or have verses b a poem or song that tells a story 6 ostentatious (adj) a too obviously showing your possessions, or good looks, or power to make people notice you b being very modest about your wealth and power 7 perennially (adv) a occurring every two years b happening year after year 8 cluster (n) a small, tight group of something b vast area 9 wither (vb) a slowly grow dry and perish b die very quickly and surprisingly 10 awash with (adj phr) a covered with liquid b almost invisible
Word power
Fill in the gaps in these sentences with one of the key words. 1 There was a ________________________________ of people waiting outside the prison. 2 My music teacher was a great ________________________________ to me. 3 The oor was ________________________________ sea-water. 4 The ________________________________ of my speech today is hip-hop music. 5 He hit me with a ________________________________ punch. 6 That plant will ________________________________ if you dont water it. 7 He comes to Hong Kong ________________________________. 8 My ________________________________ is that you are lazy and unkind. 9 He is very rich, but because hes ________________________________, I dont like him. 10 My favourite poem is a ________________________________ called The Lady from Shanghai.
From the poem

What are the meanings of these key words from Wordsworths poem? 1 oer (adv) a under 2 a vale (n) a a lake 3 a host (n) a a visitor 4 utter (vb) a wave weakly 5 a margin (n) a a beginning 6 a glance (n) a a shout 7 to out-do (vb) a perform better b over b a valley b a crowd b to make a loud noise b an edge b a quick look b to ignore 8 glee (n) a sadness 9 jocund (adj) a happy 10 oft (adv) a never 11 couch (n) a chair 12 pensive (adj) a forgetful 13 vacant (adj) a empty 14 solitude (n) a isolation b happiness b ill b often b sofa b thoughtful b complete b happiness
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Exercises - A eld of daffodils

Less words part 1
The list is endless. There are hundreds of useful words in English that end in less. This means without, so endless means having no end / without an end. Here are some sentences with a missing word followed by a denition to help you work out the missing word. The rst one is done for you.
Re-writer!
All these statements about William Wordsworth and his poem Daffodils are incorrect. Correct them by changing just one word. 1 William Wordsworth was a famous French poet.
endless. 1 This lm is ___________________________________ (goes on for ever/doesnt have an end)

2 This is a very _________________________ piece of homework. (shows no care) 3 This is a ___________________________________ mouse. (doesnt have a cord) 4 Her new evening dress is ___________________________________. (doesnt have a back to it)
5 Im still tired. I had a ___________________________________ night. (no sleep) 6 His behaviour is completely ___________________________________. (shows no sense) 7 Ive been having nightmares recently. Last night was my rst ___________________________________ night for ages. (there wasnt a dream in it) 8 Ive got very little energy today. I feel ____________________. (as if Ive got no life in me)
2 He was born in London.
The theme of a Wordsworth poem is often the beauty of music.
4 He was inspired to write Daffodils one day when he was walking in the city.
Less words part 2

Replace the highlighted words in each of these sentences with ONE word. Your word must end in less. Be careful! You might have to move the position of your new word in the sentence. 1 My little brother dares to do anything. Hes completely without fear. 2 We found a kitten the other night. I think the poor thing is without a home. 3 This new product is without a name at the moment. Who can think of a good one? 4 I regret to say this, but all your ideas are without hope. 5 Why are you so without breath? Have you been running? 6 What a beautiful day! When did we last see a sky without cloud like this? 7 Have you read about the new Japanese invention? Its a car without driver. 8 We are moving towards achieving an ofce without paper.
5 He compares the movement of the owers in the breeze to the movement of the water in the river.
6 Remembering the daffodils always put Wordsworth in a bad mood.
7 The daffodil is a yellow autumn ower.
8 Daffodils are biennial owering plants.
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Poems level 3
It is sweet and right

The Great War
The rst world war, perhaps the bloodiest and most devastating war mankind has ever waged, was fought between Germany and her allies and France, Britain and their allies between August 1, 1914 and November 11, 1918. This terrible conict was also called The Great War not because it was splendid in its outcome but because it saw slaughter and loss of life on an unprecedented scale. More than 59 million troops were involved, more than 8 million people died and the war left 29 million men injured, mutilated and traumatised. A whole generation of British, French and German young men was almost wiped out on the battle elds of Northern France. This was the rst war ever to see machine guns, tanks, aircraft and chemical gas used to deadly effect in slaughtering soldiers on both sides of the conict. Most of the deadly handto-hand ghting of the rst world war took place in the northern borderlands of France, which became a vast, bloody battleeld with troops digging themselves into deep trenches that became their homes and their graves. Rats in their millions, disease and madness lived in the deep trenches with
Dulce et Decorum Est It is sweet and right

By Wilfred Owen Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, Till on the haunting ares we turned our backs And towards our distant rest began to trudge. Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind; Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots Of tired, outstripped Five-Nines that dropped behind. Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time; But someone still was yelling out and stumbling, And oundring like a man in re or lime Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. In all my dreams, before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. If in some smothering dreams you too could pace Behind the wagon that we ung him in, And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, His hanging face, like a devils sick of sin; If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie; Dulce et Decorum est Pro patria mori.
the soldiers and death was their constant companion. The Germans introduced deadly poison gas which became one of the most feared and bestremembered horrors of the war. On July 1, 1916, the British Army witnessed the bloodiest day in its entire history, suffering 58,000 casualties including more than 19,000 dead on the rst day of
the Battle of the Somme. The Battle of Verdun lasted nine months, resulting in 300,000 men dead and 750,000 injured. The rst world war was a conict of unspeakable horrors and terrible destruction and its global impact on humanity was devastating both on a personal and national level. But in all the horror, a handful of the young
soldiers did a really remarkable thing. They wrote poetry about the hell that they saw and this poetry is some of the most moving and beautiful writing in the English language.
Wilfred Owen (1893-1918)

Wilfred Owen volunteered to join the war in France in October 1915 because, like
hundreds of other young men, he felt pressured by duty and propaganda to ght for his country. Within a week of arriving in France, he was living in trenches in mud half a metre deep, facing gas attacks, tank re and the horror of living with rotting corpses. Owen, pushed into front-line action with no training, suffered shell
shock and gas poisoning. In one enemy attack, he was blown up into the air by a mortar blast, and landed on the dead body of a colleague. Later, he was trapped for days in an abandoned German dugout. After these two traumatic incidents, Owen was diagnosed with shell shock and sent back to a hospital in Britain to recover. In September 1918, Owen returned to the trenches in France. The following month, he was awarded the Military Cross for capturing a German machine-gun. On November 4, 1918, Wilfred Owen was shot and killed near a small village in Northern France. The news of his death was delivered to his parents on the day the rst world war was declared ofcially over. Owen spent whatever time he could in the trenches writing poetry about what he was experiencing. Other young men were doing the same. This was one small thing they could do to help them hang onto their sanity. Owens poem Dulce et Decorum Est is one of the most emotional poems ever written. In it he says that being told that it is sweet and right for a young man to want to die for his country is a lie. What do you think? Read Owens poem before you make up your mind.
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Exercises - is It is sweet and right Exercises - It sweet and right

What are the meanings of these key words and phrases? 1 to have a devastating effect on (something) a to cause terrible consequences b to produce an unsatisfactory product 2 to be splendid in its outcome a have an impressive start b to have an excellent end 3 on an unprecedented scale a to a large degree never seen before b with small but worthwhile results 4 to be traumatised a to be very pleased when something is completed b to be shocked and upset for a long time 5 unspeakable horrors a terrible things that it is best to talk openly about b awful events that it is difcult to talk about 6 pressured by propaganda a feeling you must do something because the authorities have said it is right b ghting against the system because you do not believe what you are told 7 to experience front-line action a to look at something from a distance b to be in a position where you are likely to be attacked 8 to suffer from shell-shock a to suffer from a mental illness caused by experiencing war b to be shocked and surprised by the sudden death of someone you know 9 to mutilate a to damage something severely by violently removing pieces b to destroy something by re 10 traumatic incidents a events that make a person feel unwanted b events that cause a person to suffer from nightmares
Word power
Choose the correct words to complete these sentences. 1 His failure in his university exams has had (a devastating effect / traumatic incidents) on his self-condence. 2 All our hard work in planning this garden has been (pressured by propaganda / splendid in its outcome). 3 A couple of (devastating effects / traumatic incidents) in his childhood have made him a very nervous young man. 4 He was (mutilated / pressured by propaganda) to join the army. 5 Who has (pressured / mutilated) the plant in the entrance hall? 6 My brother was sent home from the war suffering from (propaganda / shell-shock). 7 The oods in China have been (unspeakable horrors / on an unprecedented scale). 8 When I was promoted onto the board of directors, I certainly began to (experience front-line action / suffer from shell-shock). 9 We saw (shell-shock / unspeakable horrors) on our visit to the famine areas in Africa. 10 My brother has been badly (traumatised / elated) after witnessing that fatal accident in the factory where he works.
About the poem

Here is a short paragraph about Owens poem. Choose the correct word or phrase. The title of Wilfred Owens famous poem is part of an English / Latin saying. It means It is sweet / bitter and incorrect / right to die for ones country / family. The poem was published annually /posthumously in 1920, two years after the rst world war had begun / ended. It describes what happens to Owen and his soldier enemies / colleagues when they are returning to camp. They are suddenly caught in the middle of a gas attack / terrible storm. Owen uses very effective imagery / rhythm in the poem. The whole thing is an effective condemnation / support of war.
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Poems level Poems level 3 3
Exercises - It is sweet and right

Re-writer!
Rewrite these statements by correcting the wrong fact. 1 The rst world war lasted seven years and was fought largely in Northern France. 2 Pick ve of the images that Owen uses in the poem and explain them. 2 It was fought between three powerful groups of enemies. 3 Fifty-nine thousand soldiers fought in the war and great numbers were slaughtered. 3 Explain the real meaning behind the title. 4 It wiped out a whole generation of young women in Europe. 5 Much of the war was fought by opposing navies. 6 The war produced some moving videos which are now regarded as masterpieces. 5 Once you have read and understood the poem, do you feel moved or affected by its subject? 7 Wilfred Owen saw front-line action in the war and eventually was spared. 8 He totally supports the war in his poetry. 6 In your opinion, is the poem successful? What does Owen try to do and does he succeed? 9 Wilfred Owen is a minor war poet. 10 His poem Dulce et Decorum Est is very much pro war. 7 Does reading this poem make you want to read any more of Owens poems or the poems of other rst world war poets? 4 Do you think the ideas in the poem are simple or complicated? Explain your view.
Now, your turn

1 Describe in your own words the action that occurs in Dulce et Decorum Est.
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Popular culture level 1
Lets begin with a riddle.
What is big, green all over, has a bark worse than its bite and lives in a swamp? If you are a moviegoer you will have got the answer immediately. The answer is Shrek, the Hollywood star of four hit movies, many video games, numerous comic books and now the star of a money-spinning New York musical. This is not bad going for someone who looks as if he has been run over by a truck, has an ungainly, green, lumpy body and the dress sense of someone who thinks clothes should look like sacks. But we all love Shrek. He made his rst appearance in 1990 in a childrens picture book written and illustrated by William Steig. Steigs character was a young ogre who nds the girl ogre of his dreams when he leaves the safety of his home to see the world. The name Shrek
comes from the German word for fear or terror, and it was also the surname of the German actor who played the lead in the rst silent black and white lm version of the classic vampire story, Dracula. One year after Shrek appeared in bookshops, Hollywood came knocking at the door of his swamp. DreamWorks Studio needed a handsome, charismatic character to star in their next movie and had come to offer Shrek the job. How could he refuse? The lm Shrek was released in 2001 and was an immediate hit with audiences all over the world. It was also the rst lm to win an Oscar for Best Animated Feature. In 2008, the prestigious American Film Institute unveiled its Top Ten movies in different categories and Shrek was the only non-Disney-Pixar title to
feature in the animated movie list. Shrek followed his rst lm with Shrek 2, Shrek the Third and Shrek Forever After. He ventured into the world of video games and comic books, and in 2008 was the star of a bigbudget Broadway musical that was nominated for eight Tony Awards, including Best Musical. But despite his world-wide success, Shrek is still a homeloving ogre at heart. Becoming a Hollywood and Broadway star hasnt gone to his head and you wont nd Shrek in the gossip magazines or attending lm premieres just to be in the limelight. We dont know much about Shreks childhood but he did reveal once in an interview that his father kept planning to eat
him as a small child. Before his adventures in Hollywood, Shrek was quite content to live alone in the solitude of his swamp. How he got there he likes to keep a mystery. Shrek has always been a non-hostile ogre, hating violence and trouble of any kind and preferring peace and solitude. Life in the swamp suited him ne. Near his hut was a sign, Beware the Ogre!, but this was there to discourage humans from entering the swamp, not really to frighten them off. Shrek never tells his age. It is difcult to imagine him being any younger than he is today. He is large, green, physically intimidating and can be quite terrifying when he lets out his roar to scare villagers away. He is grumpy, smelly and
belligerent. Shrek doesnt feel sorry for himself, but has always believed that he is better off alone because people tend to judge ogres by the way they look before getting to know them properly. Dont judge a book by its cover applies to Shreks view on humans, but he never tries to change what people think of him. It is up to them to make up their own mind. Ten years ago, Shrek was quite content to be a recluse living a carefree life in his swamp. But all that suddenly changed when near-by landowner Lord Farquaad began to evict some rather well-known fairytale characters from their homes. The stories of The Three Little Pigs, Pinocchio, Peter Pan, Snow White and Cinderella had
already been told, leaving the characters to settle down to a comfortable retirement on Farquaads land. Thrown out of their homes, these reluctant refugees became squatters in Shreks swamp and the reclusive ogre didnt like having new neighbours one little bit. So the gentle ogre set off to sort out Lord Farquaad, not knowing that his stepping out of the swamp into the big, bad world beyond was going to change his life forever. Or that he was going to meet the love of his life in the shape of beautiful Princess Fiona and settle down as a family man. Shrek thought he would live out his life in total peace and quietness in his isolated swamp. He was wrong. Very wrong.
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Shrek Forever After & 2010 DreamWorks Animation LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Something in the swamp
Popular Popular culture culture level level 11
Exercises Exercises -Something Something in in the the swamp swamp

Key words
What are the meanings of these key nouns and adjectives from the article about Shrek? Check the right box. 1 a riddle (n) a a short and not very frightening horror story b a question that asks for its answer in a funny and confusing way 2 a swamp (n) a an area of sandy land next to the sea b an area of very wet, muddy land 3 ungainly (adj) a awkward in movement b sounding beautiful 4 charismatic (adj) a rich and famous b attractive and intriguing 5 prestigious (adj) a disliked and mistrusted by a lot of people b very much respected and admired 6 hostile (adj) a unfriendly and argumentative b pleasant and helpful 7 intimidating (adj) a causing people to be a bit afraid b giving a lot of pleasure 8 a recluse (n) a someone who lives isolated and totally alone b a person who tries to inuence other people 9 retirement (n) a when you leave your job because you have got to an age to stop working b when you get your rst big promotion in your career 10 money-spinning (adj) a wasting a vast amount of money b earning a fortune
Word power
Use each of the new words to complete these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ducks have a very ___________________________ walk when they are on land. Avatar was a massive, ___________________________ success. I have worked in the same ofce for 30 years and am looking forward to my ___________________________ . He is a rich ___________________________ who refuses to meet people or give interviews. My little brother asked me ___________________________ that I couldnt answer but it made me laugh. My mum can be very ___________________________ when shes angry. There was a ___________________________ crowd outside the newspaper ofce this morning. The president of the company is a very ___________________________ person. People believe in him. The Everglades are a famous area of ___________________________ in Florida.
Shreks verbs and phrases

What are the meanings of these verbs and verbal phrases from Something in the swamp? 1 to have a bark worse than your bite a to look more frightening than you actually are b to sound, but not act, like a dog 2 to come knocking at someones door a to approach someone to make them an offer b to refuse to let someone into the room 3 to be in the limelight a to be in the publics attention b to be well hidden from view 4 to reveal a to tell a lie b to make something known 5 to suit (someone) a to hate someone for no reason b to be right for a particular person 6 evict a to turn someone out of their home b to report someone to the police 7 to set off a to begin a journey with a particular aim b to stop doing something 8 not bad going a to be quite good b to cost a lot of money 9 to feature a to be left off b to be included 10 to feel sorry for yourself a to be sad about your life b to waste time
Answers on page 126
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Exercises - Something in the swamp

Which verb?
Which is the correct verb to make each of these sentences make sense? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 My mum will never (feature / reveal) her age. You dont look happy at all. Why are you (setting off / feeling sorry for yourself)? Dont feel scared of Mrs Wu. Shes (in the limelight / got a bark worse than her bite). If you dont pay your rent next month, the landlord will (feature/evict) you. She won Hong Kongs Got Talent and suddenly (was in the limelight/came knocking at my door). The boss (came knocking at my door / has a bark worse than his bite) to ask me a big, big favour. My new job (suits/evicts) me ne. I hope I (evict/feature) on this months list of promotions.
An interview with Shrek

How might Shrek answer these questions? 1 How old are you? 2 Where do you live? 3 Why do you like to live alone? 4 When did the general public rst meet you? 5 How many lms have you appeared in? 6 What does it say on the sign outside your home? 7 How did you come to live in the swamp? 8 Why did you decide to leave your swamp? 9 What is a Tony? 10 Are you in love?
Re-writer
All these statements about Shrek are incorrect. Change ONE word to correct them. 1 Shreks body colour is red. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 The character rst appeared in a lm. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 So far, Shrek has starred in ve feature movies. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 4 Shrek has appeared in a musical in London. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Shrek loves violence and trouble. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 He believes that people shouldnt judge a magazine by its cover. _____________________________________________________________________ 7 The lm Shrek was released in 2010. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 The movie was a failure. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9 Shrek lives in a cave. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10 Shreks rst lm won a Tony. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Answers on page 126
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Gorillaz in the mist

is a band not a band? When its a virtual band, of course. A virtual band is a cartoon band whose members are not human musicians and singers, but drawn characters created in someones imagination and then brought to life by animators. The band members might not be real in the accepted meaning of the word, but the music is most certainly real and the fans are as loyal and authentic as the followers of any human pop band. A virtual bands music is written, produced and recorded by human musicians who, by the nature of the job they are doing, take a back seat to the animated stars who front the band. It is always clear and obvious who the stars of a virtual band are. The animated members of the band are always listed as the lyrics writers, music composers and performance artists of the bands musical output. Album art work, still photography and video footage of the band is authentic and consistent, and each member of the band has his or her own look, character and personality. When it comes to giving live performances, the presentation of a virtual band becomes a bit more complicated. But nothing is impossible in the world of the virtual band. Band members can be brought
success of their debut album, it looked as if they intended to stay.
When
to life by seamless technology and as long as the performance artists and technicians know how to synchronise the visual and the audio halves of the show, there is nothing virtual about what the audience experiences. It is then that the virtual band becomes real and the dividing line between what is and is not real vanishes in the thrill and power of music.
Gorillaz & Co
Gorillaz is a British virtual band created back in 1998 by musician Damon Albarn and graphic artist Jamie Hewlett. Neither were strangers to pop culture. Albarn had been the front-man of the Britpop group Blur and Hewlett was best known as the creator of anti-heroine Tank-Girl. What would happen when these two highly individual creative talents pooled their imaginations? There was a mighty explosion and Gorillaz burst onto the music scene. Albarn and Hewlett had the idea for Gorillaz when they were sharing a at in London in 1998. They were looking for a project on which they could collaborate. The inspiration for Gorillaz came from the many hours they both spent watching pop music TV channels. Most of the stuff they saw was mindless rubbish with no substance and the two friends developed
the idea for a cartoon band that would comment on some of the emptiness of pop music, but also offer something substantial of its own. The bands rst album, released in 2001, sold more than a million copies, getting Gorillaz into the Guinness World Records as the only virtual band to achieve such sales gures. Albarn got together a small group of musicians he had worked with before to provide the Gorillazs music and Hewlett created the strikingly individual band members on his computer. Gorillaz had arrived and from the
Members of the band

Gorillaz has four band members and Albarn and Hewlett have carefully created strong, individual personalities and detailed back-stories for each member. Nothing is ever left to chance with Gorillaz. Just because the band is a virtual band does not mean that the characters dont have their own reality. 2Ds real name is Stuart Pot and hes the lead vocalist and featured keyboard player in the band. He was born in the suburbs of London in 1978. He gets his nickname
from the two permanent black eyes which he got in an accident. Despite his missing two front teeth and his lack of tonsils which he lost in a food ght, 2D makes a very seductive sound when he sings. Murdoc Niccals plays bass guitar, harmonica and banjo. He had a very unhappy childhood living with an abusive father, but he found happiness in music when he was growing up. He played in a number of unsuccessful bands before joining Gorillaz. Murdoc is the self-proclaimed leader of the band. Noodle, the only female member of the band, was born in Osaka in 1991. She arrived at Gorillaz headquarters packed in a FedEx crate after the band had placed an advert for a guitar player in a trade magazine. Noodle is in fact part of a secret super soldier project. Shes trained as a musician to give her real activities a strong cover. Watch this space. Russel Hobbs, the Gorillaz drummer, attended the Xavier School for Gifted Youngsters in New York before moving on to Brooklyn High School where his love of music really ourished. After a tragic shooting incident at the school, the spirits of his murdered friends took up residence in Russels body. This adds an extra dimension to the work of the already very talented Gorillaz drummer. You can read more about Gorillaz on their website www.gorillaz.com
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Exercises Exercises -Gorillaz Gorillaz in in the the mist mist

Word power
Choose the correct meanings for these key words and phrases from the rst part of Gorillaz in the Mist. 1 in the accepted meaning of the word a according to the opposite meaning of a particular word b according to the usual meaning of a particular word 2 loyal (adj) a very intelligent b very faithful 3 followers of (n) a fans of b enemies of 4 by the nature of the job (phr) a because of what the job involves b because of what the job pays 5 clear and obvious (adj phr) a not as clear as it should be b very clear with no doubts at all 6 a lyrics writer (n) a the composer of a songs melody b the writer of a songs words 7 to front (vb) a to be the leader of an organisation or group of musicians b to be the highest-paid member of an organisation or band 8 output (n) a the end product of a process b the amount of something produced by a group or person 9 seamless (adj) a old and worn out b not having any obvious joins 10 to synchronise (vb) a to cause things to happen at the same time b to make a very big mistake when doing two things at the same time
Fill the blanks

Use key words and phrases to complete the sentences. 1 Simon has been a ______________________________ worker for our company for more than 30 years and we will miss him when he retires. 2 Last year, the ______________________________ of car manufacturing in China fell by 14 per cent. 3 ______________________________ of being a customer relations ofcer, I have to know how to deal with people. 4 It is ______________________________ that she is not telling the truth. 5 Do you know who the ______________________________ is for most of Madonnas songs? 6 I dont suppose I am famous ______________________________. 7 There arent many ______________________________ jazz music around these days. 8 ______________________________ a company as big as yours must bring in a lot of stress. 9 You have to be careful to ______________________________ the sound and the pictures perfectly. 10 Just look at the excellent workmanship in this silk dress. The cut is so smooth and the sewing is ______________________________.
Which word?
Choose the correct word or phrase to make these sentences about Gorillaz make sense. 1 Gorillaz is not a (false / real) band in the accepted meaning of the word. 2 The band (travelled / originated) in the minds of two British artists. 3 Gorillaz has four band (composers / members). 4 The bands debut (composition / album) appeared in 2001. 5 Jamie Hewlett is responsible for all the (audio / visual) aspects of the band. 6 Damon Albarn had (ruined / fronted) a successful British pop band called Blur before he joined Gorillaz. 7 The (virtual / senior) members of the band are 2D, Noodle, Murdoc Niccals and Russel Hobbs. Answers on page 126 8 Noodle is an (obvious / undercover) super soldier for a secret government project.
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Exercises - Gorillaz in the mist

Crossword clues
You are doing a crossword on your iPad. Solve the following clues. You already have some of the letters to help you. The answers are all nouns from the article about Gorillaz. 1 Something unexpected and bad that happens suddenly. 2 A big wooden box used for transporting things. 3 A fun battle where edible items are the weapons. 4 A sudden burst of power, for example in an electricity company. 5 The outer areas of a town or city. 6 The two small, soft organs at the back of the mouth. 7 An interesting aspect or feature of something. 8 The main ofces of an organisation. 9 Someone who plays percussion in a band. 10 A small, rectangular musical instrument played by blowing or sucking air through holes on one of the long sides.
My band
Artist Jamie Hewlett and musician Damon Albarn created the band Gorillaz from their imaginations. Heres a chance to create your own virtual band. 1 There are four members in your band. What sex are they? Give each member an interesting name. IN RE OD FT P S N UB SS DEN HQ RE AA 4 How did your band become famous? What happened with their rst album? How would you describe the music that they play? 5 What was the name of the bands rst album? 6 Most importantly, what is the name of the band you created? 3 Describe how they look. This is very important for the members of a virtual band. Describe every detail of their appearance, face, hair, clothes. What distinct features does each member of your band have? 2 Give each member of your band an interesting back-story. Where and when were they born? What instruments do they play? What else do they do in the band? How did they become involved with music?
Wordsearch
See if you can nd these words from the article. ALBARN BANJO BASS GUITAR BLACK EYES CARTOON DAMON DIMENSION DRUMMER FOOTAGE GORILLAZ GUINNESS HARMONICA HEWLETT HUMAN LEADER LONDON MURDOC NICCALS NOODLE OSAKA RUSSEL HOBBS STUART POT TANK GIRL TONSILS VIRTUAL XAVIER
Answers on page 126
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Justin causes chaos

been a long time since a pop star caused teenage girls hearts to utter on such a large scale whilst at the same time whipping up chaos and even danger wherever he appears. But Canadian teenager Justin Bieber seems to be well on the way to causing a level of fan mass hysteria that hasnt been seen since the heady days of the Beatles back in the 60s and 70s. Bieber has only dipped a toe into world pop stardom, but already his popularity has caused safety concerns when he has performed live or come to meet his fans at attempted publicity events. Whilst appearing at a New York mall to promote his rst album, Bieber was prevented from performing when the event got out of control as over 3,000 hysterical fans attempted to storm the stage. Hundreds of police ofcers struggled to get the crowd under control and several fans were injured in unwelcome and potentially dangerous skirmishes. Biebers management was blamed for part of the problem for not cooperating with safety ofcers. This event has seemed to set a pattern for both Biebers concerts and personal
Justin Beiber shot to fame on YouTube
It has
appearances, which police, safety ofcers and managers are now treating with military precision planning to ensure things dont get totally out of control. Justin Beiber is very much a star of the YouTube and Twitter generation. Police and his management team have used Twitter to pass safety information to his fans and Bieber himself is a product of the YouTube phenomenon, which is where it all began. After watching her son win second place in a local singing competition, Biebers mother had the idea of posting a video of his performance on YouTube for friends to enjoy. It all took off from there. Justins mum posted more videos of her talented son and his popularity with YouTube viewers steadily grew. And there it might have ended
if Fate with a capital F had not intervened in young Justin Biebers future. One day, music marketing executive Scooter Braun was searching on YouTube for video footage of a singer he was interested in possibly promoting. During his search, Braun clicked on someone called Justin Bieber by accident and a fresh-faced teenager popped up onto the screen, putting his all into a song. Braun stopped, started to watch and listen, intrigued by the condence and talent in front of him. He tracked down Bieber and contacted his school. When she rst learned of Brauns interest in her son, Biebers mother was reluctant to take things further. Deeply religious and naturally protective, she was worried about any un-Christian inuences the pop music business might have on Justin. But encouraged by fellow church members, 13-year-old Justin Bieber and his mother ew to the city of Atlanta to record some demo songs. Auditions followed just one week later, and Bieber
was signed up by the prestigious Island Records label in October 2008. In less than two years, Justin Bieber has become The Next Big Thing in the pop music business. His rst single was a smash hit in America and Canada before hitting the international market in late 2009. Biebers rst album was the source of three more successful singles, and his personal appearances in America have become the hot ticket for pop fans to get their hands on. But all this fast success, and sudden iconic status as the new teen heart-throb, has
caused concerns with everyone involved in the Justin Bieber pop juggernaut. Justin just wants to sing for his fans but during his April 2010 visit to Australia this proved to be almost impossible. Online chat rooms and social networking sites had made sure that Australian female teen pop fans were well aware that there was someone new and rather special on the block before Justin Bieber set one foot on Australian soil. The young, fresh-faced Canadian teen singer didnt stand a chance. An early planned promotional performance had to be cancelled
after many young girls were injured when the crowd got out of control. A scheduled appearance at a television station posed even more problems when more than 4,000 young female fans stormed the building, knocking over police ofcers and safety barriers in an attempt to get a glimpse of Bieber. Several hysterical fans were rushed to hospital and treated for physical injuries and hyperventilation. Normally sedate and peaceful Auckland saw unprecedented overexcited crowds when the Bieber tour moved on to New Zealand. Justins mother was knocked to the ground and Bieber himself was mauled by fans as police and security tried to keep control. Obviously troubled by the crowd-control problems during his personal appearances, Bieber spoke out on Twitter. I am sorry that it got out of control, we dont want anyone to get hurt. I love my fans and I want to sing. But whether his growing legions of female admirers will allow Justin Beiber to do just this remains to be seen. Young Mr Bieber is at an interesting crossroads in his career but hopefully his fans, management and security guards will all calm down and let him have the untroubled singing career he apparently wants.
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Exercises Exercises -Justin Justin causes causes chaos chaos

Key words
Pick out from the article you have just read the words with the following meanings. Put any verbs in the innitive form (i.e. to ). 1 to cause something to get very excited or dangerous very quickly (vb) ___________________________________________ 2 extreme fear or excitement that is out of control (n) ___________________________________________ 3 having a powerful effect that makes you feel slightly out of control or excited (adj) _______________________________________ 4 to attack a place suddenly and in great numbers (vb) ___________________________________________ 5 That is a very _____________________ perfume you are wearing. 5 a sudden ght that is quick and unplanned (n) ___________________________________________ 6 the quality of being exact (n) ___________________________________________ 7 something or someone that is extremely successful (n) ___________________________________________ 8 a short piece of lm or video usually showing one event (n) ___________________________________________ 9 not wanting to do something (adj) ___________________________________________ 10 a short, quick look at something (n) ___________________________________________ 11 to attack someone like an animal would do (vb) ___________________________________________ 12 large numbers of people (not crowd) (n) _____________________ 6 Hundreds of soldiers _____________________ the castle on the hill. 7 We caught a _____________________ of the president as he went past in his car. 8 Today, Ive shot a lot of _____________________ of the Hong Kong Flower Show. 9 He is always _____________________ to do his maths homework. I dont know why. 10 There was a short _____________________ between the police and the protestors but no one was hurt.
Word power
Use one of the key words in each of these sentences. Make sure to change the form of the word if necessary. 1 He had to cancel the concert, disappointing _____________________ of fans waiting outside the theatre. 2 The kids are already excited. Dont _____________________ them _____________________ any more! 3 Hes got bad scars on his legs. A lion _____________________ him when he was a baby. 4 _____________________ about the recent robberies in the park has stopped people going there at the weekend.
Nouns from adjectives

What are the nouns that come from the following adjectives? In the article about Justin Bieber, the noun precision comes from the adjective precise. The organisation of Justins concerts is precise. Justins concerts are organised with military precision. 1 2 3 4 5 high _____________________ red _____________________ stupid _____________________ poor (having no money) _____________________ wise _____________________ 6 cold _____________________ 7 anxious _____________________ 8 free _____________________ 9 happy _____________________ 10 angry _____________________ 11 courageous _____________________ 12 cowardly _____________________ 13 honest _____________________ 14 thirsty _____________________ 15 liberated _____________________
Answers on page 126
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Exercises - Justin causes chaos

New nouns
Replace the adjectives in brackets with the related noun to make the sentence correct. 1 The (high) _____________________ of the wall is about ve metres. 2 I always suffer from great (thirsty) _____________________ when Ive been out running. 3 Whats causing the (red) _____________________ on your forehead? 4 The person who took my lost credit card to the police station showed great (honest) _____________________. 5 There is a great (cold) _____________________ in your heart! 6 (Happy) _____________________ is something that cant be bought. 7 When I nished with my boyfriend, I got my (free) _____________________ back. 8 My granddad always shows great (wise) _____________________ when I ask him anything. 9 A teacher should never show (angry) _____________________ in the classroom. 1 2 3 4 5 6 PUBLICITY SAFETY SCOOTER BRAUN SKIRMISHES TICKET UN-CHRISTIAN VIDEO YOUTUBE 3 to take off a to suddenly become a success b to slowly become old and weak 1 to dip a toe into a to start very carefully to do something you are not sure about b to proceed in a new venture with great condence 2 to act with military precision a to do something over a very long period of time b to do something after it has been very carefully planned and thought out
Key verb phrases

Decide what each of these verb phrases means and then use it or a part of it correctly in one of the given sentences. 4 to become The Next Big Thing a to get a very good promotion b to become very well-known and popular 5 to roll out the juggernaut a to nish a long-term project b to introduce something that is going to be very big and powerful 6 to be at a crossroads a to be at a place where you have to make a choice b to be in a position when you can order people around
Wordsearch
Search for the words from the article. APPEARANCE AUSTRALIA CANADIAN CANCELLED CONCERTS CROSSROADS FANS FATE FLUTTERING HEARTS ISLAND RECORDS JUGGERNAUT JUSTIN BEIBER MOTHER NEW ZEALAND POPMUSIC
I am ___________________________________________ in my career. His pop career suddenly ___________________________________________ from nowhere. I know nothing about investing money but I am going to ___________________________________________ the water. He will ___________________________________________ when people see this video on YouTube. They organised the election with ___________________________________________ so there would be no trouble on the day. This new management team is going to be a ___________________________________________ that will be difcult to deal with.
A rst-hand account
Now it is time to use your imagination. You are not a great fan of Justin Bieber but a friend of yours has persuaded you to go with her to see him when he appears at an open-air concert. Use your imagination and write an account of what happened. Write 200-300 words. Make it exciting. Put a lot of imagined drama into what you write.
Answers on page 126
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Sports communication level 3
Soccers quiet communicator

language and the game of soccer is at the front of the stage when a platform for positive and uplifting communication through sport is needed. Soccer is played all over the world at many different levels from the back streets of Brazilian towns to super elegant stadiums like Old Trafford in Manchester, England, and the Nou Camp in Barcelona, Spain. No matter the venue, big or small, rich or poor, the communication aim is the same. Look at the skill on display here and share the pleasure and excitement!
Fans greet Michael Owen and the Liverpool team at Chek Lap Kok Photo: David Wong
Sport is a universal
Professional soccer players are the monarchs of sports communication and millions of fans follow their moves both on and off the football pitch. Pro soccer players are stars with legions of followers of all ages paying them great attention. Manchester Uniteds striker Michael Owen is one of
Michael Owen in action in Hong Kong against Chan Wai-ho Photo: Martin Chan
soccers top stars and his nonamboyant personality and fair-play attitude towards the game has earned him a welldeserved reputation as one of soccers gentlemen. Owen began his career playing for Liverpool from 1991 to 2004. He moved to Real Madrid for 8 million in mid2004, then returned to English soccer to play for Newcastle United one year later. When his four-year contract with Newcastle came to an end, Owen was picked up by Premier League champions Manchester United. It was during his youth career with Liverpool that people rst began to notice Michael Owens brilliant skills and his quiet but determined demeanour. It was here that he set his style and private personality. Here was a player interested in playing the game and nothing else. During his eight years with the senior Liverpool team, Owen did not let his soccer success go to his head. He didnt want publicity, didnt want to be seen in nightclubs and bars, didnt want to be known as anything but a skilled soccer player.
Michael James Owen was born on December 14, 1979, near the town of Chester on the border of England and Wales. He began kicking a football almost as soon as he could walk and by the age of seven, he was the star player in the local under-10s team where he scored 34 goals in his rst ofcial season. He was the youngest player on the team, but he could outplay the rest of the boys who were all a lot taller and three years older than him. News of young Owens ability quickly spread and talent scouts from top English Football League clubs began to keep an eye on him. By the time he was eight, Michael was playing in his local areas Primary Schools team and in his rst two seasons there he scored an incredible 97 goals. Every big club in England had now heard of Michael Owen and he had offers to train with the biggest and best. When it came to decision time, Michael decided to train with the mighty Liverpool. Soon he was given a place at the Football Association National School where the cream of Englands young players is given the best football training to back
up their academic studies. Owen shone in Englands Under-15 and Under-16 teams and he left the school with an excellent set of GCSE results as well as the record of having scored more goals than any other previous student. Owen now took up a professional career with Liverpool and the rest is football history. He burst onto the scene in the 1996/97 season and has not looked back, quietly but spectacularly building an international career as well as being a star in the English game. His initial contract with Liverpool made Owen the richest teenager in world football, but he started out avoiding media publicity that courted him for his achievements and he has continued to shun the limelight as his career has gone into the stratosphere. He hangs out with his friends and family, spending his nights off at home. Owen has signed lucrative deals with sports rms, but he has done this carefully, determined that his off-the-pitch activities would be low-key and would never get in the way of playing football. He has always wanted to concentrate on his game, not on selling expensive sports gear or becoming a whiz-bang fashion icon. He communicates with his feet, his dedication and his positive approach to the beautiful game. There is no doubt that Owen is a superlative football player, but he is also a wonderful role model for young sportsmen all over the world. If they play the game the Owen way, they wont go far wrong.
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Exercises - Sports communication

True or false?
Are these statements about Michael Owen true or false? True False 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Owen was born and brought up in London. He showed no interest in sport as he was growing up. Owens youth football career was spent with Liverpool. He played for Manchester United when he was still a teenager. Owen has always been admired for his positive attitude towards sportsmanship. Owen did well academically at the FA School. Owen has never played for a non-English club. Owen played for Newcastle for just one single season. Owen made his senior football debut in 1996.
Re-writer!
Re-write these sentences replacing the highlighted word with a word that means the same from the suggested list. There are more words than you need neighbourhood / shining / status / agreement / value / idol / king / confederation / queen / impressive / expert / copyright 1 His reputation as an honest politician is now in ruins. 2 I never shop at the local shops and markets. 3 Elizabeth I of England was a well-respected monarch. 4 My dad is skilled at mending clocks and watches. 5 The league of local shopkeepers is having a meeting in the Town Hall tonight. 6 We dont have a written contract but that doesnt matter. 7 He was an icon of the sixties. 8 He has a mighty talent for playing the piano.
Key words
What are the meanings of these words from the article about Michael Owen? 1 reputation (n) a what people say about a person or a thing b the last thing on a to-do list 2 monarch (n) a the chairman of a company b the ruler of a country 3 league (n) a a group of different organisations that agree to work together b the workforce who produce a certain type of product 4 mighty (adj) a sinister b powerful 5 whiz-bang (adj) a very attractive and rich b suddenly famous but having no lasting value 6 icon (n) a a famous person representing a certain way of life b someone who is famous for negative reasons 7 contract (n) a a document that lists a persons crimes b a formal agreement to do something 8 skilled (adj) a knowledgeable about doing something b pompous about ones achievements 9 local (adj) a belonging to the area where you live b at a far distance from home 10 outplay (vb) a to play better than b to play disregarding the rules
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Debating level 1
Start an argument
we hear the word debate we automatically think of a speaking contest. A debate is usually three people on one side and three on the opposite side arguing their corner for or against a set motion. Writing does come into debating because anyone speaking at a debate has to prepare him or herself and this involves doing research and writing notes. No one should go into a debate unprepared and without notes. A debate has to be structured and the people speaking in the debate have to have what they are going to say clearly planned. A debate without notes and preparation would be very messy. It is natural and accepted for a debater to refer to notes as he is speaking. But it can be useful and fun to write a debate taking both sides of the motion. We can also call this a two-sided argumentative essay. Writing this sort of essay makes you think clearly, organise your thoughts, consider what you want to say and present your argument in a neat and precise way. It also makes you look at the opposite side of a motion
When
and this is very useful if you are taking part in a spoken debate. Seeing the other point of view can make your own arguments clearer and sometimes looking at the other side can give you ideas that you might not have thought of. Writing this sort of essay involves being two people and using your imagination. If you are taking part in a spoken debate, you are just one person giving one point of view about the motion involved. In this situation, you are usually only concerned with supporting your argument. A two-sided essay makes you look at the motion from both points of view. It makes you really sort out what you feel. A written debate comes in two halves, the speech for the motion and the speech against the motion. In a spoken debate, there are six people involved but in a two-sided essay there are just two you and a different version of
you wearing another hat. It is important to have a clear structure so that your writing ows smoothly and is easy for your reader to follow. Heres how to do it. After stating your motion, you write the for sections in three denite paragraphs. a) Your opening paragraph should introduce and expand on the motion. It must be interesting, and perhaps a little amusing. This rst paragraph has to grab your reader and make him want to read on. You should write as if you were speaking directly to your reader. Do not address him personally, but be aware you are writing something for someone to read. b) The second part of your written debate might be three or four paragraphs. This is the
body of the debate and it contains your thoughts and opinions, and facts to back them both. Each paragraph of this middle section should concern one main idea. You should introduce and explain the idea and then support it with examples. c) The closing paragraph of your written debate should mirror the opening paragraph. That introduced everything and now you are nishing everything off. Your closing should summarise your arguments and must not contain any new ideas. In your closing paragraph, you may want to invite your reader to take action on what you have been writing about. When you have written the for part of your written debate, it is time to use the same structure and write the
against half. Here you can argue directly about what you have written in the rst part or you can introduce new ideas. It will be easier to write the against section because you have ideas from the for part to argue against. You can also introduce new ideas, but you may have to then revise your previous writing to accommodate them. Writing a debate is both a factual and an imaginative exercise. You have to be yourself and somebody else. When you have completed your written debate, read it out aloud and then change anything you think does not work. And the nal thing you should do with your expertly-argued written debate is give it to someone else to read. Writing an essay like this means you have time to think things through and present them well. You also have the luxury of being able to go back and change things. A spoken debate involves preparation and a lot of thinking on your feet. With a written debate you can take your time. And that is always a good thing.
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Debating Debating level level 11
Exercises - Debating
Key nouns and adjectives
What do these important nouns and adjectives mean? 1 automatic (adj) a done without thinking about it b taken for granted 2 a contest (n) a a competition in which you try to be better than the others taking part b a subject that is discussed, read about or studied 3 a structure (n) a a denite shape or pattern b the opposite of something 4 precise (adj) a very exact b not denite 5 smooth (adj) a without any changes or sudden interruptions b long and quite boring 6 accepted (adj) a rejected immediately b approved without any questions being asked 7 the body (n) a the ending b the most important part 8 a section (n) a the beginning of something that goes on for a long time b one of the parts into which something is divided 9 factual (adj) a containing denite facts b containing a lot of mistakes 10 messy (adj) a attractive to look at b untidy and dirty
Word power
Use each of the key words in one of these sentences. 1 When youve been doing it for a long time, driving becomes _______________________________. 2 When my husband prepares dinner, the kitchen always ends up _______________________________. 3 I prefer to read _______________________________ books. I dont like ction. 4 She won a tough poetry _______________________________ last week. 5 I always prefer to travel in the back _______________________________ of a train. 6 The _______________________________ of your essay is good, but the introduction and ending are weak. 7 This week we are going to study the _______________________________ of the heart. 8 What is the _______________________________ time, please? I need to know it to the exact minute. 9 Using your mobile phone in the cinema is not _______________________________. 10 We had a very _______________________________ ight with only a bit of turbulence.
Tricky plurals
A written debate comes in two halves The plural of half is halves. Making a noun plural in English isnt always a case of sticking an s onto the end of the singular word. Make sure you know or look up if you are not sure the irregular plurals of these 10 nouns and then use each of them in one of the given sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 foot mouse woman child goose person tooth postman wife shelf Hes been married ve times. Thats right. Hes had ve ______________________________. Ive been on a long hike today. My ______________________________ are killing me. Ive found a nest of baby ______________________________ in the cupboard under the sink. We need two ______________________________ to be put up in the bathroom. Both my brothers are ______________________________. How many ______________________________ should be allowed to stand on the top deck of the tram? I lost two ______________________________ when my face hit the windscreen in the accident last week. I still dont think ______________________________ are treated the same as men in the workplace. They are trying to make it illegal for ______________________________ to work in factories. You can see amingoes and Canadian ______________________________ at Kowloon Park.
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Workplace communication level 2
Capturing life at its best

videographer and editor Tyrone Wu Chiu-tung says his job would not appeal to anyone who wants a xed-hours work routine. He never knows what is going to happen next. He has to go where each job takes him. One job is not like another because there are different people wanting different things for each new job, even though things might look the same on the surface. You have to have great patience to do Wus job because the hours of a video shoot can be long, with the end result being only a few minutes of edited video. Hanging around when nothing seems to be happening is also part of Wus professional life. He may start a wedding video shoot early in the morning and nish at 11 at night. That is a long time to be on the spot when the video he will deliver to the happy couple will only be 20 minutes long. The work of a videographer/editor divides
Capturing a model is all part of a days work Photos: Tyrone Wu
Hong Kong
itself into two parts. First comes the lming of the video and then follows the precise, highly technical and again time-consuming job of sitting in front of his Mac, shaping the footage into an acceptable and interesting video. Wus expert technical knowledge and lively imagination come into good use at this stage, but if he hasnt shot good footage during the actual event, all will be lost. He cant ask the bride and groom paying for a wedding video to repeat their wedding so that he can get better footage. Wu sees his videos as short movies that tell a story and create a mood. He doesnt have the luxury of the 90 minutes or so that cinema lmmakers have to tell their stories on the big screen. In fact, Wu is director and editor of each video he makes. Often he is a one-man team with nobody elses expertise to fall back on. He is fully responsible for the nished work that people watch and hopefully enjoy.
What customers see is what he has lmed and imagined. What qualications does Wu have to do his job? He studied Visual Arts for three years at Hong Kong University and he naturally possesses a keen eye and lively visual imagination. He has had an interest in photography and the cinema since he was young, and the HKU course was an ideal way to take his interests to a professional level. Wu loves the job he has chosen and has interesting ambitions for his future. With a bit more experience behind him, he intends to move into feature
lm or TV editing. Its an interesting job but it does have its ups and downs, and a lot of your hard work does end up in the rubbish bin. Thats the way it is but Wu cant imagine himself doing anything else. Wus last three jobs couldnt have been more different from each other. First there was a wedding video which took long hours to shoot and edit. Wu met the couple before the wedding day and talked to them about what they wanted from the video. He shot two and a half hours of footage on this job and then edited it down to 20 minutes. He spent
from 7am to 11pm with the bride and groom, their families and their guests. He lmed in their homes, in the wedding car, at the church and at the hotel banquet. During the editing process, Wu added split-screen, fade and other visual effects to the nished video. He also chose the music to help create a romantic mood. Filming a music concert in a concert hall was a very different kettle of sh.Here Wu was one of three camera men placed at xed positions on the stage or in the hall. Another camera man was responsible for putting together the nal
video of the concert. Wu lmed the conductor and the audience from on the stage. And then there are the special, one-off jobs like the bank event Wu videoed last week. A certain bank was putting on a special drinks, speeches and general pat-onthe-back event to celebrate the millionth customer in their premium account. Here, Wu lmed the speeches and, with a single hand-held camera, recorded the general celebrations. He lmed two hours of footage at the event and then edited it down to a mere ve minutes. The people in charge at the bank know what they want to get from a video like this and worked closely with Wu in the nal editing stage. The job of a lmmaker is, as the great Hollywood lm director Alfred Hitchcock once said, to lm slices of life and miss the dull bits out. This is exactly what Wu does with his videos. Nobody wants to watch the boring bits of life, so Wu makes sure his work is interesting. He wouldnt have any more work to do if he didnt.
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Exercises - Capturing life at its best

Fill in the gaps
Complete these sentences with one (or words from one) of the new key phrases. 1 I never know when Im going to start or nish my job. Its exciting. I wouldnt want to do a (different kettle of sh / xed-hours job). 2 Our relationship has had its (ideal way / ups and downs) but we are getting along well now. 3 I have to know how to do lots of different jobs now that Im working for myself. Really, Im a (one-man team / happy couple). 4 The (ups and downs / ideal way) of cooking vegetables is to steam them. 5 Im not going to (hang around / be on the spot) waiting for you. I want to know the exact time youll arrive. 6 You are (on the spot / the happy couple) so you should know whats happening. 7 I dont have the (ups and downs / technical knowledge) to mend the microwave. Sorry! 8 Taking a good photo is a (different kettle of sh / ideal way) to making a good video.
The graph game

There are lots of words in English that contain the word graph and these words usually have something to do with writing or drawing. Can you match these words with their meanings? Be careful. There are three words that you do not need. 1 a picture produced by using a camera ______________________________ 2 an account of someones life written by another person ______________________________ 3 the signature of a famous person ______________________________ 4 beautiful writing done with a special pen or brush ______________________________ 5 a short section of written text ______________________________ 6 a list of the books and author has consulted ______________________________ 7 a drawing of the rhythm of the heart ______________________________ a b c d e f g h i j lithograph geography photograph biography pantograph cardiograph autograph calligraphy bibliography paragraph
Opposites
Change the highlighted word or phrase so that each sentence takes on an opposite meaning. 1 My job will appeal to anyone. 2 He may start a video shoot early. 3 He loves his job. 4 Its an interesting job. 5 I want to know what is going to happen next. 6 Nothing seems to be happening right now. 7 The lming comes rst. 8 He met the couple before the wedding day. 9 They work together in the nal stages of the editing.
And nally
... are these statements true or false? True 1 A videographer always works alone. 2 Wu needed no training to do his job. 3 The hours a videographer works can be long and varied. 4 A videographer works in the service industry. 5 You have to be patient to do Wus job efciently. 6 A videographer always works in a hospital. 7 Wu does not need to use any imagination in his job. 8 A videographer sometimes works as part of a team. 9 You dont need any technical knowledge to be a videographer. 10 Footage is a technical term for the pieces of music used in a video. False
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Its a dogs life

Comprehension True or False: 1t / 2f / 3f / 4f / 5f / 6f / 7f / 8f / 9f / 10f Adjective power: a8 / b1 / c7 / d2 / e5 / f6 / g3 / h4 Saying the same thing: 1b / 2d / 3f / 4g / 5c / 6a / 7i / 8l / 9e / 10k Re-write: 1 two / 2 guarantee / 3 problem / 4 rule / 5 allow 6 disturb / 7 estate / 8 forum / 9 worried 10 challenge What is the opposite: 1 clear / 2 public / 3 lost / 4 fewer / 5 old 6 different / 7 agreed / 8 banned / 9 public 10 less and less Using short forms: 1a / 2a / 3b / 4b / 5b / 6b / 7a / 8b / 9a / 10a
Euphemisms: 1c / 2a / 3b / 4f / 5e / 6d / 7g / 8h Mr & Mrs Always Nice: 1 died / 2 toilet / 3 to go to the toilet / 4 pregnant 5 to go to the toilet / 6 the facts about sex 7 vomit / 8 goes red with embarrassment
The right noun: 1 crack / 2 publicity / 3 offspring 4 counterpart / 5 festival / 6 tricks of the trade 7 crack / 8 discrimination Re-writer: 2 mishandled / 3 mistrust / 4 mistreats 5 misquoted / 6 misbehave / 7 misplaced 8 misrepresents / 9 misdialled 10 miscalculated These days: 1 / 3 / 5 / 6 / 8 / 10
A curious entertainment
Comprehension: 1b / 2b / 3a / 4b / 5a / 6b / 7a / 8b The Dames key words: 1b / 2a / 3b / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7a / 8a Fill in the gaps: 1 amateur / 2 lashings / 3 comedy 4 participation / 5 tradition / 6 takes over from LOL: 1e / 2g / 3a / 4b / 5c / 6h / 7d / 8f / 9j / 10i Shorten it: 1 admin / 2 info / 3 lab / 4 limo / 5 intro 6 vocab / 7 uni Re-write: 1 sniggered / 2 doubled up / 3 cackled 4 chuckled / 5 giggled / 6 chortled / 7 hooted 8 tittered / 9 fell about / 10 guffawed
School at the double

Verb power: 1b / 2b / 3a / 4a / 5a / 6b / 7a / 8b / 9a / 10b Which verb ts: 1 subsidise / 2 used up / 3 tackle / 4 cope with 5 enrolled / 6 deduct / 7 launching / 8 forfeit Same sound: 1 waste / 2 break / 3 cheque / 4 ower / 5 brake 6 principle / 7 check / 8 sight / 9 our / 10 waist 11 site / 12 principal Key sentences: 1 kindergartens / 2 stress / 3 law / 4 homework 5 vouchers / 6 early Re-writer: 1 great / 2 pre-primary / 3 success / 4 happy 5 long / 6 much / 7 education / 8 hate
Little lm, big impact

Key words: 1a / 2a / 3b / 4a / 5b / 6a / 7a / 8b / 9b / 10a Ask these questions: 1 biopic / 2 to shed tears / 3 the core team 4 generate trafc / 5 the online community 6 to parody / 7 to strike a chord / 8 to predict 9 a minotaur / 10 shutdown Corrections, please: 1 January / 2 quickly / 3 game / 4 success 5 challenges / 6 end / 7 months / 8 eight / 9 low 10 computers Portmanteau words: 1 internet / 2 bionic / 3 brunch / 4 email / 5 motel 6 sitcom / 7 ginormous / 8 fortnight 9 camcorder / 10 smog Writer: 1 camcorder / 2 internet / 3 smog / 4 brunch 5 ginormous / 6 fortnight / 7 motel / 8 e-mail 9 bionic / 10 sitcom
Compensated dating youth for sale

Comprehension: 1b / 2a / 3b / 4a/ 5b / 6b / 7b / 8b Key words: 1b / 2a / 3b / 4b / 5a/ 6b Fill in the blanks: 1 look right / 2 abundant / 3 lucrative 4 meeting spot / 5 vulnerable / 6 skip the bill Re-writer: 2 says/earns / 3 reply / 4 arrives / 5 does/goes 6 is / 7 does/makes / 8 stands / 9 meets / 10 fears
The Rise and Fall of Little Voice

Key nouns: 1a / 2a / 3a / 4b / 5a / 6a / 7b / 8a Key adjectives and verbs: 1a / 2a / 3a / 4a / 5a / 6b / 7b / 8a Word power: 1 paid good money / 2 impression 3 painfully shy / 4 a knock-out / 5 miss dreadfully 6 diva / 7 spot-on / 8 abusive True or false: 1t / 2f / 3f / 4t / 5t / 6t / 7f / 8t
A matter of trust
Comprehension: 1 detective agencies / 2 booming / 3 ridiculous and useless / 4 drug taking / 5 daily activities 6 mistrust / 7 Youth Outreach / 8 children 9 spies / 10 spying on Nail the noun: 1b / 2b / 3b / 4b / 5b / 6b / 7b / 8a
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Whats on stage: 1b / 2d / 3g / 4i / 5a/ 6h / 7c / 8e / 9f The reviews are in: 4/5 Comprehension 1 the rst person / 2 a successful movie / 3 the tragic happenings / 4 LVs father / 5 through music / 6 laugh one moment, cry the next
Which word or phrase: 1 scattering / 2 scurried / 3 to claim payment 4 took to her heels / 5 got in touch / 6 plague 7 curse / 8 plunged Why and because: 1e / 2a / 3d / 4g / 5b / 6f / 7c / 8h Re-writer: 1 was / 2 didnt / 3 came / 4 looked 5 succeeded / 6 made / 7 led / 8 drowned Word box: 1 c / 2 d / 3 b / 4 e / 5 g / 6 h / 7 i / 8 j / 9 f / 10 a Use the alternative: 1 unlled / 2 suggest / 3 townspeople 4 two weeks / 5 tradesmen / 6 close the door noisily 7 evil / 8 trade / 9 amount / 10 take the trouble to
Vocabulary building: 1 weekly / 2 ofces / 3 district / 4 assistant 5 spare time / 6 line / 7 daily / 8 the next day 9 interruption / 10 memorable
Expand your vocabulary: 1 nothing / 2 sad / 3 cry / 4 latest / 5 big / 6 died 7 a summers evening / 8 sensible / 9 failure Useful adjectives: 1 non-essential / 2 non-governmental / 3 non-metallic 4 non-refundable / 5 non-toxic / 6 non-allergic 7 nonalcoholic / 8 non-criminal
The Monkeys Paw

Comprehension: 1a / 2b / 3b / 4b / 5a / 6b / 7b / 8a / 9a / 10b Key words and phrases: 1a / 2a / 3b / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7a / 8b / 9b / 10b Use the words: 1 listened intently / 2 heap / 3 hush / 4 an empty day / 5 withered / 6 thick-set / 7 accept responsibility 8 a grave tone Re-writer: 1 hot / 2 open / 3 sat down / 4 put into 5 downstairs / 6 alive / 7 last / 8 started 9 good Useful adverbs: 1 slowly / 2 carefully / 3 quietly / 4 lightly 5 quickly / 6 secretly / 7 recently / 8 messily 9 carefully / 10 thoroughly
A eld of daffodils
Key words: 1a / 2b / 3b / 4a / 5b / 6a / 7b / 8a / 9a / 10a Word power: 1 cluster / 2 inspiration / 3 awash with / 4 theme 5 mighty / 6 wither / 7 perennially / 8 observation 9 ostentatious / 10 ballad From the poem: 1b / 2b / 3b / 4a / 5b / 6b / 7a / 8b / 9a / 10b / 11b 12b / 13a / 14a Less words 1: 2 careless / 3 cordless / 4 backless / 5 sleepless 6 senseless / 7 dreamless / 8 lifeless Less words 2: 1 fearless / 2 homeless / 3 nameless / 4 hopeless 5 breathless / 6 cloudless / 7 driverless / 8 paperless Re-writer: 1 English / 2 the Lake District / 3 nature / 4 country 5 lake / 6 good / 7 Spring / 8 perennial
The Miracle Worker

Comprehension: 1b / 2b / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7a / 8b / 9b / 10a Word power: 1a / 2a / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6b / 7b / 8a / 9b / 10a Gaps and more gaps: 1 earnestly / 2 biographical / 3 perseverance 4 political activist / 5 teleplay / 6 moving 7 remarkable / 8 fairly well-off / 9 to premiere 10 sight-impaired One word: 1f / 2b / 3i / 4c / 5g / 6h / 7j / 8a / 9d / 10k / 11l / 12e Re-writer: 1 rapidly / 2 cot / 3 worried / 4 rent / 5 present 6 answer Re-writer 2: 1 unexplained / 2 partly / 3 friend / 4 conduct 5 sharp / 6 accolades
The Red-headed League

Key nouns and adjectives: 1a / 2b / 3b / 4b / 5a / 6a/ 7b / 8a / 9a / 10b Word power: 1 vacancy / 2 task / 3 appointment / 4 intruder 5 dingy / 6 bizarre / 7 the appointed time 8 interruption The words the same: 1 ball / 2 bank / 3 lap / 4 tap / 5 kid / 6 dash 7 stall / 8 sound Short words: 1 kid / 2 dash / 3 dash / 4 page / 5 tap / 6 tip 7 sound / 8 case / 9 case / 10 lap Its not true: 1t / 2f / 3t / 4f / 5f / 6f / 7f / 8t / 9f
A load of nonsense
Key words: 1b / 2c / 3d / 4b / 5c / 6a / 7a / 8a / 9b / 10a New word power: 1 care a button / 2 upset / 3 care a g / 4 ridiculous 5 sieve / 6 to be around for a long time / 7 ddle 8 made-up / 9 messy Understanding the nonsense: 1d / 2a / 3f / 4h / 5c / 6e / 7g / 8b
The Pied Piper of Hamelin

Key words and phrases: 1b / 2a / 3b / 4a / 5b / 6a / 7b / 8b / 9a / 10b / 11b 12a / 13a / 14b
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It is sweet and right

New words and phrases: 1a / 2b / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7b / 8a / 9a / 10b Word power: 1 a devastating effect / 2 splendid in its outcome 3 traumatic incidents / 4 pressured by propaganda 5 mutilated / 6 shell-shock / 7 on an unprecedented scale / 8 experience front-line action 9 unspeakable horrors / 10 traumatised About the poem: Latin / sweet / right / country / posthumously / ended colleagues / gas attack / imagery / condemnation Re-writer: 1 four / 2 two / 3 million / 4 men / 5 armies 6 poems / 7 killed / 8 opposes / 9 major / 10 anti
An interview: 1 Im not telling you / 2 in a swamp / 3 I dont like people / 4 in 1990 / 5 four / 6 Beware the ogre 7 Im not telling you / 8 to sort out Lord Farquaad 9 a theatre award / 10 Yes, I am
New nouns: 1 height / 2 thirst / 3 redness / 4 honesty 5 coldness / 6 Happiness / 7 freedom / 8 wisdom 9 anger Key verb phrases: 1a / 2b / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6a 1 at a crossroads / 2 took off / 3 dip a toe / 4 become The Next Big Thing / 5 military precision 6 juggernaut
Capturing life at its best

Fill in the gaps: 1 xed-hours job / 2 ups and downs / 3 one-man team / 4 ideal way / 5 hang around / 6 on the spot 7 technical knowledge / 8 different kettle of sh Opposites: 1 nobody / 2 nish late / 3 hates / 4 a boring 5 dont want / 6 something/Everything / 7 last 8 after / 9 rst The graph game: 1c/2d/3g/4h/5j/6i/7f And nally: 1f / 2f / 3t / 4t / 5t / 6f / 7f / 8t / 9f / 10f
Gorillaz in the mist

Word power: 1b / 2b / 3a / 4a / 5b / 6b / 7a / 8b /9b / 10a Fill in the blanks: 1 loyal / 2 output / 3 By the nature / 4 clear and obvious 5 lyrics writer / 6 in the accepted meaning of the word 7 followers of / 8 front / 9 synchronise / 10 seamless Which word: 1 real / 2 originated / 3 members / 4 album 5 visual / 6 fronted / 7 virtual / 8 undercover Crossword clues: 1 accident / 2 crate / 3 food ght / 4 explosion 5 suburbs / 6 tonsils / 7 dimension / 8 headquarters 9 drummer / 10 harmonica
Soccers quiet communicator

True or false: 1f / 2f / 3t / 4f / 5t / 6t / 7f / 8f / 9t Key words 1a / 2b / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7b / 8a / 9a / 10a Re-writer: 1 status / 2 neighbourhood / 3 queen / 4 expert 5 confederation / 6 agreement / 7 idol 8 impressive
Something in the swamp

Key words: 1b / 2b / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7a / 8a / 9a / 10b Word power: 1 ungainly / 2 money-spinning / 3 retirement 4 recluse / 5 riddle / 6 intimidating / 7 hostile 8 charismatic / 9 swamp Shreks verbs and phrases: 1a / 2a / 3a / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7a / 8a / 9b / 10a Which verb: 1 reveal / 2 feeling sorry for yourself / 3 got a bark worse than her bite / 4 evict / 5 was in the limelight 6 came knocking at my door / 7 suits / 8 feature Re-writer: 1 green / 2 book / 3 four / 4 New York / 5 hates 6 book / 7 2001 / 8 success / 9 swamp / 10 Oscar
Justin causes chaos

Keywords: 1 to whip up / 2 hysteria / 3 heady / 4 to storm 5 skirmish / 6 precision / 7 star / 8 footage 9 reluctant / 10 glimpse / 11 to maul / 12 legions Word power: 1 legions / 2 whip up / 3 mauled / 4 hysteria 5 heady / 6 stormed / 7 glimpse/ 8 footage 9 reluctant / 10 skirmish Nouns from adjectives: 1 height / 2 redness / 3 stupidity / 4 poverty 5 wisdom / 6 coldness / 7 anxiety / 8 freedom 9 happiness / 10 anger / 11 courage / 12 cowardice 13 honesty / 14 thirst / 15 liberty
Start an argument
Key nouns and adjectives: 1a / 2a / 3a / 4a / 5a / 6b / 7b / 8b / 9a / 10b Word power: 1 automatic / 2 messy / 3 factual / 4 contest 5 section / 6 body / 7 structure / 8 precise 9 accepted / 10 smooth Tricky plurals: 1 wives / 2 feet / 3 mice / 4 shelves / 5 postmen 6 people / 7 teeth / 8 women / 9 children / 10 geese
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(From right to left) Hong Kongs Kenneth Cheng, Samantha Lam and Patrick Lam, Jacqueline Lai, all HKJC-supported riders, claimed one gold and two bronze medals at the 11th National Games.
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also to invest in the Hong Kong of tomorrow, promoting a caring and responsible society. The Club has been very active in promoting the holistic development of young people our future leaders. In past decades such as the 1950s and 60s, when there was a severe shortage of educational facilities and schools had to be set up on the roofs of residential buildings, the Club supported the building of primary and secondary schools and also established an education fund to support nancial needy students. As the governments compulsory education policy took shape in the 1970s, the Club reacted to the changing needs by
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Over 200 Tin Shui Wai residents, including many young people, were able to experience the live Olympic atmosphere at the equestrian events, thanks to the CARE@ hkjc Volunteer Team.
to Adulthood: A Jockey Club Youth Enhancement Scheme in collaboration with the Government and local universities. This project aims to help junior secondary students develop positive beliefs and values, enhance their self condence and gain a sense of
responsibility. It has proved outstandingly successful with nearly half of all secondary schools in Hong Kong now teaching P .A.T.H.S. modules. It has also attracted wide attention overseas, with the education sectors in Macau, Shanghai and Singapore all expressing
interest in implementing similar programmes. Over the years, the changing needs of society have prompted the Club to provide training and vocational opportunities in other areas like sport and the creative industry. In 1972, it founded the Apprentice Jockeys School to offer an alternative career path for young people who enjoy sports and working with animals. It has since produced a number of top-class jockeys, including Tony Cruz and popular current hero Matthew Chadwick. As a major international sporting organisation, the Club has a strong interest in helping Hong Kong develop its sporting facilities and sporting culture.
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P.A.T.H.S. to Adulthood, a youth development programme, was initiated by the Club to help local teenagers address the many challenges of adolescence and develop positive values.
In 2008, the Club committed over HK$1.2 billion to building the venues for the Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games equestrian events, completing this challenging task in less than two years. The main Olympic equestrian venue at Sha Tin, where most of the competitions were staged, was widely acclaimed as the best in Olympic history. International Olympic Committee President Jacques Rogge described them as the best ever, saying he was pleased to see the Club expanding its support after the Games by developing a Hong Kong Olympic Museum. The Club also gave its strong support to the 2009 East Asian Games with the aim of promote sports development in the city, funding the building of the Jockey Club International BMX Park as part of a total HK$50m contribution to the event. It is now designing and building the equestrian venues for the 16th Asian Games to be held in Guangzhou this year, and will also offer supporting and professional services to the equestrian events.
The Club has been a major driving force behind the development of equestrian sports in Hong Kong and its efforts are clearly paying off. In 2008, Club-sponsored riders Kenneth Cheng, Samantha Lam and Patrick Lam become the rst athletes to represent Hong Kong in equestrian competitions at the Olympic Games. Then in 2009, Hong Kong claimed its rst ever equestrian medals at the National Games when Clubfunded riders claimed one gold and two bronze medals at the 11th Games in Jinan. Following the Olympic equestrian events, the Club announced a HK$50-million initiative to foster the sports continued local development by establishing the Hong Kong Jockey Club Equestrian Team. The Clubs four-year sponsorship covers funding for the teams overseas training and other expenses to help them to qualify for major international competitions such as the 2010 Asian Games, the 2010 World Equestrian Championships and the London 2012 Olympics. The sponsorship is also
The Club has funded many of Hong Kong bestknown educational and recreational facilities, like the University of Science and Technology, Victoria Park and Ocean Park.
supporting the newly-established Hong Kong Jockey Club Junior Equestrian Team which identies talented young riders aged between 12 and 18 and provides them with professional training. Since March 2009, 10 young riders have been recruited to the junior team, including National Games bronze medallist Jacqueline Lai. They are being given professional training for two years, including the priceless opportunity to receive summer training in Europe and participate in overseas competitions. Just as it has done for the past 125 years, the Club is looking ahead and helping to build a healthier, more harmonious and more sustainable Hong Kong for future generations.
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