Indonesia

The Situation Indonesia is primarily a source, but also a transit and destination country for human trafficking. UNICEF estimates that 100,000 omen and children are trafficked annually for commercial se!ual e!ploitation in Indonesia and abroad, "0 percent of the female prostitutes in Indonesia are belo 1#, and $0,000%&0,000 Indonesian children are 'ictims of se!ual e!ploitation.1 (he East )a'a Children*s +rotection ,gency estimates that at least 100,000 omen and children are trafficked annually from, through, and to East )a'a. -ource Indonesian omen and children are trafficked for se!ual and labor e!ploitation in .alaysia, -ingapore, /runei, (ai an, )apan, 0ong 1ong, and the .iddle East.2 , significant number of Indonesian omen 'oluntarily migrate to ork as domestic ser'ants but are later coerced into abusi'e conditions. -ome Indonesian omen are recruited by false promises of employment and are later coerced into prostitution or forced labor. Ethnic Chinese omen and teenage girls in the 3est 1alimantan district are recruited as mail%order bridges for men in (ai an, 0ong 1ong, and -ingapore. Indonesian omen from the 4iau Islands," /ali, and 5ombok$ are used for se! tourists from .alaysia and -ingapore.6 7estination Indonesia is a destination country for omen and children ho are trafficked from the +eople*s 4epublic of China, (hailand, 0ong 1ong, U8bekistan, the Netherlands, +oland, 9ene8uela, -pain, and Ukraine for se!ual e!ploitation.: Internal (rafficking Indonesia has a significant amount of internal trafficking of 'ictims ho are trafficked from rural to urban areas for se!ual and labor e!ploitation.& (he N;<, ,bdi ,hsi, reported that ",000 omen per year ere trafficked from rural East )a'a to -urabaya.# Causes (here are many causes of human trafficking in Indonesia. UNICEF argues that the lack of birth registration increases the 'ulnerability to trafficking. ,bout :0 percent of children ho are under fi'e years old do not ha'e birth certificates= about half are not registered any here. The Indonesian Government (he Indonesian ;o'ernment as placed in (ier 2 in the 200& U.-. 7epartment of -tate*s (rafficking in +ersons 4eport for not fully complying ith the (rafficking 9ictims +rotection ,ct*s minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but making significant efforts to do so. (here are reports of military members, police, soldiers and some go'ernment officials ho are complicit in trafficking.> Indonesia passed a comprehensi'e anti%trafficking bill in ,pril 200&. (he bill criminali8es debt bondage, labor e!ploitation, se!ual e!ploitation, and transnational and internal trafficking. +enalties range from three to 16 years of imprisonment. (he bill also contains pro'isions to prosecute corporate entities and go'ernment officials in'ol'ed in trafficking.10 +enalties under the Child +rotection ,ct for child trafficking are three to 16 years of imprisonment.11 +rosecution In 200:, the )apanese go'ernment arrested &# suspected traffickers, prosecuted 1& cases, and con'icted 16 traffickers ith penalties ranging from one to se'en years and suspended sentences. (here ere t o prosecutions for labor trafficking in 200:.12 +rotection (he Indonesian ;o'ernment increased efforts, at the national and local le'els, to protect 'ictims of trafficking in Indonesia and abroad= ho e'er, a'ailable 'ictim ser'ices are o'er helmed by the large number of trafficking 'ictims. (he Indonesian go'ernment supports shelters for trafficking 'ictims in Indonesia, .alaysia, -audi ,rabia, 1u ait, and -ingapore. (he Indonesian

;o'ernment does not ade?uately identify all its trafficking 'ictims= some 'ictims found in prostitution ha'e been treated as criminals and deported.1" +re'ention (he Indonesian ;o'ernment collaborates ith N;<s and international organi8ations to raise a areness. (he 3omen@s .inistry conducted a areness%raising efforts in 1: pro'inces and sponsored a tele'ised public ser'ice announcement on pri'ate national tele'ision stations. (he go'ernment also distributed child se! tourism materials in /ali and /atam.1$ International Cooperation (he 2006 .<U bet een the ;o'ernments of Indonesia and .alaysia allo s .alaysian employers to confiscate passports from its migrant orkers. (his .<U is idely recogni8ed as facilitating in'oluntary ser'itude.16 Recommendations (he U.-. 7epartment of -tate recommends that Indonesia make greater efforts to prosecute and con'ict public officials ho profit from or are in'ol'ed in trafficking. It is essential that the go'ernment implement a migrant manpo er recruitment and placement system that incorporates measures to protect orkers, rather than benefiting e!ploitati'e manpo er agencies and employers. (he go'ernment should also greatly increase its budget for the pre'ention of trafficking as ell as the repatriation, treatment and rehabilitation of 'ictims, relying less on international donors.1:
http://www.humantrafficking.org/countries/indonesia

Human Trafficking Rate in Indonesia Still High April 04, 2007

(he commitment of the Indonesian go'ernment in handling human trafficking is still considered to be lo . (his can be seen from the amount of human trafficking 'ictims that keep increasing e'ery year. ,s a result, Indonesia is threatened to be listed in (ier " by the U- 7epartment of -tate as a country that fails to handle human trafficking. (he U- 7epartment of -tate, hich focuses on human trafficking, rates a country as (ier 1 if it is considered as being capable of fighting trafficking. (he (ier 2 rating is gi'en to a country that is committed to eradicate trafficking, hile the (ier 2 3atch 5ist is for countries ith lo commitment, and (ier " is for a country ha'ing a really poor commitment to handling trafficking. (he orst rankings ha'e been gi'en to -audi ,rabia, Iran, 5aos, -outh 1orea and U8bekistan. ,ccording to 3ahyu -usilo, +olicy ,nalyst of .igrant Care, there ere no impro'ements that Indonesia achie'ed during the last t o years in iping out human trafficking. (herefore, in )une last year, the U- 7epartment of -tate re%rated Indonesia to (ier 2 3atch 5ist, although in 200$, Indonesia had been rated (ier 2. If the go'ernment cannot uphold the la , 3ahyu said he as concerned that Indonesia@s rate could degrade to (ier ". In addition, criminal la s and regulations on migrant orkers ere still eak so that they ha'e mostly made matters orse for human trafficking 'ictims. A(herefore, the 0ouse of 4epresentati'es must soon legali8e the 5a on 0uman (rafficking,B he said. -umarni 7a am 4ahardCo, 7eputy of Child +rotection at the 7epartment of 3omen*s Empo erment, denied that Indonesia as said as threatened to be rated (ier ". A3e ha'e tried and sho ed our commitments,B she said.

,dapted fromD Ninin 7amayanti. E0uman (rafficking 4ate in Indonesia -till 0igh.E TEMPO Interactive. 16 )anuary 200&.
Child Trafficking on the Rise in Indonesia April 04, 2007

Indonesian authorities are battling a gro ing trade in child trafficking, including a recent case here hundreds of babies ere sold o'erseas, a report says. (he report, by the Indonesian .inistry of 3omen Empo erment, found that efforts to retrie'e the children in baby trafficking cases ere fla ed. It comes amid a three%day orkshop on the commercial se!ual e!ploitation of children, hosted by UNICEF and the Indonesian .inistry of 3omen Empo erment in /ali. (he gathering is attempting to de'ise a strategy for combating the gro ing industry. E(he baby trafficking cases in Indonesia are not comprehensi'ely handled as human trafficking crimes,E the report said. E(he cases in hich the FperpetratorsG ere caught and brought to la ere the cases here they ere caught red%handed.E (he report said one oman as caught in -outh )akarta last year after ha'ing sold ##0 babies abroad. , further 26 babies ere sa'ed. In another case, also in -outh )akarta, one group admitted to selling more than #0 babies to foreigners, hile a man in est )a'a had Ee!portedE about "00 babies o'erseas, the report said. UNICEF child protection officer ,nna%1arin )atfors said se!ual e!ploitation of children as a EmaCor and gro ing issueE, ith e'idence of criminal syndicates operating throughout Indonesia, and ,sia. E/ecause of the crimes in'ol'ed and the personal nature of se!, the trafficking and e!ploitation becomes underground and difficult to monitor,E she said. E3e only ha'e to alk through 1uta or any other tourist area at night to see for oursel'es the many young girls orking in the street, or in many of the clubs, karaoke bars or e'en hotels operating in the area,E she said. E,dolescent children ho drop out of school are the most 'ulnerable. E(hey are trapped by poor education, ith little or no ork opportunities. ,s such they are easy prey for traffickers.E .inistry of 3omen Empo erment child protection assistant deputy -oepalarto -oedibCo said there had been a Esignificant increaseE of se!ual e!ploitation of children, ith no significant impro'ement despite recent efforts to fight the problem. E3e hoped that if the proCect is succeeded, it can be an e!ample for other areas, but e ha'e problems, e ha'e difficulties to raise a areness to people on this matter,E -oepalarto said. ( o ,ustralians are currently facing child se! charges in Indonesia. 7onald -toren, 6#, faces up to fi'e years if found guilty of allegations of se!ual acts ith minors on the island of 5ombok, hile teacher +eter -mith faces up to 20 years if con'icted of se!ually abusing si! street children in south )akarta. ,dapted fromD EChild trafficking @on rise in Indonesia@E NineMSN. $ 7ecember 200:.

Solidarity Center Empowers Vulnerable Workers and Their Children to ight Human Trafficking in Indonesia June 25, 2006

.ore than 26,000 /oy and ;irl -couts are learning ho to keep themsel'es safe in a part of Indonesia that is infamous for the cruel practice of human trafficking. (he effort, hich is

supported by the -olidarity Center, is highlighted as an international best practice in the ne ly released U.-. -tate 7epartment 200: (rafficking in +ersons 4eport. E(raffickers are preying on children %% many of them as young as 12 %% ho may be forced to drop out of school and find ork far from home to help support their families,E said -olidarity Center E!ecuti'e 7irector 1ate 7oherty. E3e@re orking ith the -couts to empo er kids to protect themsel'es from unscrupulous people trying to lure them into forced labor, domestic ser'itude, and prostitution.E (he -olidarity Center, in partnership ith the International Catholic .igration Commission, has been orking since 2001 to combat trafficking of omen and children in Indonesia, here millions of people migrate e'ery year seeking ork in another part of the country or internationally. (he -olidarity Center has orked ith unions in Indonesia to mobili8e a coalition of ci'il society organi8ations and go'ernment agencies to take action to pre'ent trafficking and protect those ho fall prey to it. (he -olidarity Center also has helped the Indonesian go'ernment draft legislation to fight the crime and forge a National +lan of ,ction. E(he -olidarity Center has been at the forefront of the mo'ement to promote labor standards and protections for all orkers as a tool to fight trafficking in persons,E said 7oherty. E3e are pleased that the report recogni8es the approach the labor mo'ement has kno n for decades %% that the best ay to stop labor abuse is to empo er people to stand up for their rights.E For more information, contact .s. Neha .isra H1 202 &&# $600 nmisraIsolidaritycenter.org

Indonesia
!merican Center for International "abor Solidarity #Solidarity Center$ !ddress American Center for International Labor Solidarity(ACILS or Solidarity Center ! A"L#CI$ Cik%s &uilding! 'nd "loor ()#(* +alan Cikini ,aya +akarta! Indonesia -.//. Contact Information

If calling from Indonesia:

Tel: .'- /-0/ **/1 Fax: .'- /-0' *.(-

If calling from overseas:

Tel: 2*' '- /-0/ **/1 Fax: 2*' '- /-0' *.(Website http://www.solidaritycenter.org/ Email scindo3acils.or.id !lternate !ddress Solidarity Center ((( -*th Street 45! Suite ).. 5ashington! 6C '...* 7SA

!cti%ities

Strengthening the Initiatives of Government, NGOs & Trade Unions gainst !uman Traffic"ing #SIG!T$: SO%I& RIT' C(NT(R & IC)C COUNT(R TR **IC+ING ,ROGR ) (he trafficking of omen and children for domestic ser'itude, se!ual e!ploitation and other kinds of oppressi'e and e!ploiti'e situations has become an increasing abuse of human rights in Indonesia. 3omen and children are particularly 'ulnerable due to increasing po'erty, a lack of education, and cultural traditions. <ut of respect for human dignity and the struggles of those ho migrate in search of ork, Solidarit- Center and the International Catholic )igration Commission #IC)C$ seek the elimination of e!ploitation of 'ulnerable people. (o that end, -olidarity Center J IC.C continue efforts started through a pre'ious program in <ctober 2001 to counter trafficking of Indonesian omen and children by orking in partnership ith go'ernment, N;<s and trade unions to implement pre'ention programs, pro'ide ser'ices to 'ictims, and impro'e counter%trafficking policies, legislation and la enforcement. (hrough a t o%year program funded by US I& F-eptember 200$%-eptember 200:G, -olidarity Center J IC.C are orking in ten Indonesian pro'inces on the follo ing program componentsD
-. Support to NGOs and Trade Unions implementing pro8ects to pre9ent human trafficking or pro9iding ser9ices to 9ictims of trafficking. '. Promotion of Safe Migration through assistance to :inistry of :anpower officials and all stakeholders seeking effecti9e public policy solutions to comple; migration problems that increase the likelihood of human trafficking. /. Strengthen Capacity for the eturn! eco"ery! and eintegration of #ictims by working with <o9ernment and 4<$s to establish common! minimum standards for shelters (particularly in Indonesian =mbassies and Consulates abroad and to help build wider networks of ser9ice pro9iders at reco9ery and reintegration stages. ). Support to National! Pro"incial and $ocal Go"ernment to assist in the passage of Anti#>rafficking Legislation! to build inter#go9ernmental >ask "orces in pro9incial and local areas! to strengthen law enforcement efforts! and to work with ci9il society to pro9ide protection ser9ices for 9ictims and pre9ention pro8ects for 9ulnerable groups. 1. %nhance Coordination and &nformation Sharing on Traffic'ing &ssues to increase the effecti9eness of <o9ernment and ci9il society to counter trafficking as well as to increase the public%s understanding and awareness of the problem! including media campaigns and training! support! and organi?ing of public and media e9ents for the National Spokesperson in the Campaign to Eliminate the Traffi king of !n"onesian #omen an" Chil"ren$

Indonesian tele'ision personality 7e i 0ughes is the National Spokesperson in the Campaign to Eliminate the Trafficking of Indonesian Women and Children. .s. 0ughes as recently recogni8ed in the 2006 7epartment of -tate (rafficking in +ersons 4eport as a, E0ero ,cting to End .odern%7ay -la'ery.E2 (he -olidarity CenterKIC.C program in Indonesia is supporting a ne ebsiteD .stoptrafiking.or.id. In addition, in )uly 2006 the -olidarity CenterKIndonesia released a ne 9ideo (raining J Campaign 1it on understanding and combating trafficking in persons. -olidarity Center +ublicationsD E3hen (hey 3ere -oldE 200:, E(rafficking of 3omen and Children in IndonesiaE 200"
&o%ernment !ction 'lans

Indonesian +resident signs National ,ction +lan 7ecember 2", 2002 +resident .ega ati announced her appro'al of the National +lan of ,ction for the Elimination of (rafficking in +ersons and Children.

Indonesia

&o%ernment !gencies

7epartment of Foreign ,ffairs (he 7epartment of Foreign ,ffairs is part of a go'ernment task force, monitoring and gi'ing assistance to Indonesian migrant orkers at their embassies abroad.. 7epartment of )ustice and 0uman 4ights (he 7epartment of )ustice and 0uman 4ights is part of a go'ernmental task force drafting anti% trafficking la s to allo ratification of the international con'entions on trafficking and protection of migrant orkers.. Indonesian National +olice 4ecently, the Indonesia National +olice FIN+G, in cooperation ith the U.-. .inistry of .anpo er and (ransmigration 4esponds to any report on trafficking in persons Fespecially migrant orkersG, incorporating in'estigati'e findings through +)(1I FIndonesian 3orkers +lacement -er'iceG, an affiliate of the 7epartment of .anpo er and (ransmigration. (he -tate .inistry of 3omen@s Empo erment F.<3EG ,s a de'eloping country contending ith formidable social, economic and political challenges, Indonesia has not found it an easy task to translate the global concepts on omen@s rights and gender e?uality into practical country le'el strategies, nor to replicate the best practices from all o'er the orld in promoting the elfare of omen.

Indonesia
&o%ernment "aws

C0,+(E4 L9IIID Crimes ,gainst +ersonal 5iberty ,rt "2#D 3hosoe'er takes a ay a person from hisKher residence or hisKher temporary residence in order to put himKher unla fully under hisKher authority or another person@s authority, or to cause a suffer to that person, is liable to for kidnapping ith a penal of a ma!imum of t el'e% year imprisonment. C0,+(E4 LI9D Crimes ,gainst .orals +enal CodeF(aken from (he +rotection +roCectG C0,+(E4 LI9D Crimes ,gainst .orals F-elected sections pertinent to human traffickingG ,rt.

Indonesia
(on)go%ernmental *rgani+ations

Indonesian Institute for Children ,d'ocacyK 5embaga ,d'okasi ,nak Indonesia F5,,IG 5embaga ,d'okasi ,nak Indonesia orks to monitor and implement the Con'ention on the 4ights of the Child nationally in Indonesia. /andung angi /andung angi is a non%profit non%go'ernment organi8ation FN;<G that started as an informal group in 1>>6. Care Foundation Indonesia K Mayasan +eduli ,nak Negeri FM+,NG (he Care Foundation Indonesia K Mayasan +eduli ,nak Negeri FM+,NG as founded to address the problem of child and gender e!ploitation in Indonesia, one of the root causes of trafficking. Center for -tudy and Child +rotectionK +usat 1aCian dan +erlindungan ,nak F+1+,G +usat 1aCian dan +erlindungan ,nak F+1+,GK Center for -tudy and Child +rotection as established in 1>>:. Consortium of Indonesian .igrant 3orkers ,d'ocacyK 1onssorsium +embela /uruh .igran Indonesia F1<+/U.IG

1<+/U.I orks on migrant orker@s regulation, handling cases and educationKa areness campaigns. Indonesian 5abor 3elfare UnionK -erikat /uruh -eCahtera Indonesia F-/-IG (his organi8ation as a member of the E-mall (eamE hich drafted the Indonesian National +lan of ,ction for the Elimination of (rafficking in 3omen and Children. Indonesian 3omen@s ,ssociation for )ustice and 5egal ,id Institute K 5embaga /antuan 0ukun ,sosiasi +erempuan Indonesia untuk 1eadilan F5/0%,+I1G (he Indonesian N;<, 5/0 ,+I1 has been pro'iding legal support for omen and campaigning for the recognition of their legal rights for many years. Indonesian 3omen@s Coalition for )ustice J 7emocracyK 1oalisi +erempuan Indonesia (he Indonesian 3omen*s Coalition aims at bringing about e?uality and Custice bet een men and omen as befits a Cust, democratic, prosperous and ci'ili8ed society. Institute of Community +otency .oti'atorK Mayasan /ina +otensi .syarakat FM,+I.G Mayasan /ina +otensi .asyarakat FM,+I.G is an Non%;o'ernment <rgani8ation FN;<G established on )anuary 1#, 1>>0. .igrant C,4E .ember of the .igrant Forum in ,sia and International N;< +latform on .igrant 3orkers@ Con'ention. National Commission for Child +rotectionK 1omisi Nasional +erlindungan ,nak FNCC+G (he National Commission for Child +rotection F1omnas ,nakG as established in <ctober 1>># after t o years of discussion and planning and through a democratic election process. National Commission on 9iolence ,gainst 3omen F1<.N,- +erempuanG 1omnas +erempuan is an independent National Commission that promotes omen*s human rights by orking to create an en'ironment conduci'e to the elimination of all forms of 'iolence against omen in Indonesia. Net ork of Indonesian Child 5abor N;<s F),4,1G ),4,1 is a net ork of national N;<s promoting the elimination of the orst forms of child labor in Indonesia. -tar ChildrenK ,rek 5intang F,5I(G -tar Children is a focal point of the Consortium of East )a'a +eople ,gainst Commercial -e!ual and E!ploitation of Children NC-ECO. (he Indonesian Child 3elfare FoundationKMayasan 1eseCahteraan ,nak Indonesia FM1,IG (he Indonesian Child 3elfare Foundation FIC3FG is a non%go'ernment organi8ation concerned ith child elfare issues. 3omen@s -olidarity for 0umanity and 0uman 4ights F-+E1%0,.G -+E1%0,. is in'ol'ed in 9iolence ,gainst 3omen case assistance, policy ad'ocacy and a areness raising acti'ities.

cademic Corner
,cademics at uni'ersities and research institutions around the orld play a 'ery important role in supplying policymakers and ser'ice pro'iders ith useful research on the 'arious aspects of human trafficking. Strengths of academic research on human traffic"ingD % ,ction%oriented approaches % 4ecommendations made because of directed research

.ea"nesses of academic research on human traffic"ingD % Fe comparati'e studies of trafficking based on e!tensi'e field ork % (endancy to focus on trafficking of omen and children for se!ual e!ploitation, neglecting other forms of trafficking % 4elati'ely little independent e'aluation of counter%trafficking policies and programmes to assess impact and effecti'eness % (endancy to focus more on international trafficking and less on internal trafficking, and the connection bet een internal and international trafficking % 5ack of agreement on definitions of terms, and hat should be studied &ifficulties of conducting academic research on human traffic"ingD % 7ifficulty inter'ie ing 'ictims of trafficking % 5imited resources and time ,itfalls of academic researchD % repeating statistics of ho many people are trafficked ithout pro'iding a disclaimer that these statistics are only estimates % not checking accuracy of claims Sources used for this page: % Frank 5ac8ko J El8bieta ;o8d8iak FedsG. 7ata and 4esearch on 0uman (raffickingD , ;lobal -ur'ey. International Migration. 9ol. $". International <rgani8ation for .igration. 2006.

NGO Corner
Nongo'ernmental organi8ations FN;<sG around the globe are engaged in combating trafficking engaged in a 'ariety acti'ities including pre'ention, prosecution, protection, rescuesKraids, reintegration, and repatriation. N;<s often ork ith fe resources yet can be effecti'e in complimenting the acti'ities of go'ernments, or e'en taking the place of go'ernment efforts. (his section ill list resources and information to make it easier for N;<s to do the important ork of combating human trafficking. If you ha'e resources for this section, email them toD directorIhumantrafficking.org Information a/out US Government *unding 1. US Government nti0Traffic"ing in ,ersons O/ligated ,ro1ect *unding #*iscal 'ear 2334$ 2. Recipients of US Government *unding *iscal 'ear 2335 Resources 1. Resource 6oo" for .or"ing gainst Traffic"ing in !uman 6eings in the CIS and the 6altic Sea Region 2. ,rotocol for Identification and ssistance of Traffic"ed ,ersons and Training +it ". ,ro1ect !ope International7s Tool"it on Setting up a Shelter for 8ictims of Traffic"ing

!o9 'ou Can !elp

Indi%iduals Interested in Helping to Combat Human Trafficking ) Toolkit

General Information
Tips for ecogni(ing #ictims of Traffic'ing

7nderstand the different forms of trafficking: labor or se; trafficking @isible Indicators of >rafficking 7nderstand the profile of a trafficked person Aealth Characteristics of a >rafficked Berson Signs that a person is being held as a sla9e Cuestions to ask if you suspect you are in the presence of a trafficking 9ictim

,ifferent forms of trafficking Sex Trafficking

9ictims of se! trafficking are often found in the streets or orking in establishments that offer commercial se! acts, i.e. brothels, strip clubs, pornography production houses. -uch establishments may operate under the guise ofD

:assage parlors =scort ser9ices Adult bookstores :odeling studios &ars/strip clubs

Labor Trafficking

+eople forced into indentured ser'itude can be found inD

Sweatshops (where abusi9e labor standards are present Commercial agricultural situations (fields! processing plants! canneries 6omestic situations (maids! nannies Construction sites (particularly if public access is denied ,estaurant and custodial work.

How ,o 'eople &et Trapped Into Se- or "abor Trafficking.

No one 'olunteers to be e!ploited. (raffickers fre?uently recruit people through fraudulent ad'ertisements promising legitimate Cobs as hostesses, domestics, or ork in the agricultural industry. (rafficking 'ictims of all kinds come from rural, suburban, and urban settings. (here are signs hen commercial establishments are holding people against their ill.

Visible Indicators of Trafficking Visible Indicators May Include: Aea9y security at the commercial establishment including barred windows! locked doors! isolated location! electronic sur9eillance. 5omen are ne9er seen lea9ing the premises unless escorted. @ictims li9e at the same premises as the brothel or work site or are dri9en between Duarters and EworkE by a guard. "or labor trafficking! 9ictims are often prohibited from lea9ing the work site! which may look like a guarded compound from the outside.

@ictims are kept under sur9eillance when taken to a doctor! hospital or clinic for treatmentF trafficker may act as a translator. Aigh foot traffic especially for brothels where there may be trafficked women indicated often by a stream of men arri9ing and lea9ing the premises.

(rafficking 'ictims are kept in bondage through a combination of fear, intimidation, abuse, and psychological controls. 3hile each 'ictim ill ha'e a different e!perience, they share common threads that may signify a life of indentured ser'itude. (rafficking 'ictims li'e a life marked by abuse, betrayal of their basic human rights, and control under their trafficker. (he follo ing indicators in and of themsel'es may not be enough to meet the legal standard for trafficking, but they indicate that a 'ictim is controlled by someone else and, accordingly, the situation should be further in'estigated.
'rofile of a Trafficked 'erson What Is the Profile of a Trafficking Victim?

.ost trafficking 'ictims ill not readily 'olunteer information about their status because of fear and abuse they ha'e suffered at the hands of their trafficker. (hey may also be reluctant to come for ard ith information from despair, discouragement, and a sense that there are no 'iable options to escape their situation. Even if pressed, the ma not identif themselves as someone held in !ondage for fear of retri!"tion to themselves or famil mem!ers. 0o e'er, there are indicators that often point to a person held in a sla'ery condition. (hey includeD
-. %ealth Chara teristi s of a Traffi ke" &erson'

(rafficked indi'iduals may be treated as disposable possessions ithout much attention gi'en to their mental or physical health. ,ccordingly, some of the health problems that may be e'ident in a 'ictim includeD

:alnutrition! dehydration or poor personal hygiene Se;ually transmitted diseases Signs of rape or se;ual abuse &ruising! broken bones! or other signs of untreated medical problems Critical illnesses including diabetes! cancer or heart disease Bost#traumatic stress or psychological disorders

'. (ther !mportant Signs'

In addition to some of the ob'ious physical and mental indicators of trafficking, there are other signs that an indi'idual is being controlled by someone else. 4ed flags should go up for police or aid orkers ho notice any of the follo ing during an intake. (he indi'idualD

6oes not hold his/her own identity or tra9el documents Suffers from 9erbal or psychological abuse designed to intimidate! degrade and frighten the indi9idual

Aas a trafficker or pimp who controls all the money! 9ictim will ha9e 9ery little or no pocket money

/uestions to ask if you suspect you are in the presence of a trafficking %ictim Screening uestions -. Is the person free to lea9e the work siteG '. Is the person physically! se;ually or psychologically abusedG /. 6oes the person ha9e a passport or 9alid I.6. card and is he/she in possession of such documentsG ). 5hat is the pay and conditions of employmentG 1. 6oes the person li9e at home or at/near the work siteG *. Aow did the indi9idual arri9e to this destination if the suspected 9ictim is a foreign nationalG H. Aas the person or a family member of this person been threatenedG (. 6oes the person fear that something bad will happen to him or her! or to a family member! if he/she lea9es the 8obG

,nyone can report suspected trafficking cases. If the 'ictim is under 1#, U.-. professionals ho ork in la enforcement, healthcare, social care, mental health, and education are mandated to report such cases. (hrough a grass%roots community% ide effort and public a areness campaign, more professionals on the front line can readily identify the trafficking 'ictim and ha'e himKher treated accordingly. ,dapated from U- -tate 7epartment

Combat (rafficking
+re'ention 4escueKEscape +rotection +rosecution 4ehabilitation 4epatriation 4eintegration ,d'ocacy , arenesss 4aising 4esearch (raining International Initiati'es 4egional Initiati'es .edia

Countr- !elplines
0ong 1ong -,4 Indonesia .alaysia Ne Pealand +hilippines -ingapore -outh 1orea United -tates of ,merica

)edia
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,e9iew of the film EAollyE Lucy Liu Bresents :>@ Auman >rafficking 6ocumentary %=thical >ra9eler% ,aises Awareness about Child Brostitution in Cambodia