Trigonometry in a Nutshell (8 - 10 days)

(Math 436: 1998 - 1999)

To provide support for teachers who have concerns about being able to
complete the Math 436 course objectives this year, a group of consultants has
prepared outlines which condense the work to be covered in three areas:
statistics, similarity and trigonometry. These topics Òin a nutshellÓ cover the
essence of the objectives and provide the highlights needed by the students for
Math 536. Please note that these are suggestions for the year only, and that
this is less time than the MEQ curriculum allows for these topics.

Day Topic

1 Defining trig ratios, examining special triangles

2&3 Solving right triangles

4&5
Law of sines
(&6?)

6&7
Law of cosines
(& 8)

8
Test
(9 or 10)

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 Trigonometry in a Nutshell! (8 - 10 days)

To help teachers cover all the objectives of the Math 436 course in 1998-99, its
first year of implementation, is the aim of the following breakdown. It is
suggested that Objective 2.2 ÒTo solve problems using trigonometric ratios.Ó
can be covered in 8 - 10 days using the outline below.

The content to be covered is summarized on page 449 of the textbook

Mathematical Reflections 436 and on pages 30-31 of the MEQ curriculum
document.

1. Right Triangles (pp. 422 - 434)

1.1 Defining the trigonometric ratios (sin, cos, tan) and examining
special triangles. (1 day)

Teaching Examples: pp. 422 - 425

Exercises: p. 427 #6, 7

p. 429 #12 (45¡ - 45¡ - 90¡ triangle)
#13 (30¡ - 60¡ - 90¡ triangle)

1.2 Solving right triangles. (2 days)

Teaching Examples: pp. 431 - 432

Exercises: p. 432 #1 a, b; 5, 6, 8
p. 451-453 #14, 22
p. 458 #2, 3

2. Oblique Triangles (pp. 435 - 459)

2.1 Law of sines (2 or 3 days)

Teaching Examples: pp. 437 - 439

Exercises: pp. 439-442 1 a; 3 a, c, d; 6, 11

2.2 Law of cosines (2 or 3 days)

Reading Assignment (for derivation) p. 444

Teaching Examples: p. 445 Planets b

Detour a, b, c
A short trip around Quebec a, b, c
__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 Exercises: p. 447 #3 a, d; 5 a, b
p. 448 #8
p. 455 #31
p. 458 #4

Review Questions (MEQ June Exams 1997 & 1998)

1997: #14, 24
1998: #12, 22, 23

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 MEQ June 1997 Exam 1

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 MEQ June 1998 Exam 1

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 MEQ June 1998 Exam 2

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 Trigonometry in a Nutshell: Answer Key 1

1. Right Triangles

1.1 p. 427 #6 sin X cos X tan X

a) 0.6 0.8 0.75
12 5 12
b) 13 13 5

15 8 15
c) 17 17 8

d) 0.7071 0.7071 1

#7 a) tan A

b) cos A or sin B

c) sin A or cos B

d) tan B

p. 429 #12 a) 45¡ b) 1m c) 2 m

d) 1) 1
2
= sin45° = cos45°
2) 2
2
= sin45° = cos45°

#13 a) The length of the side opposite the 30¡ angle

is one-half the length of the hypotenuse,
i.e. 1 unit.

b) The length of the side opposite the 60¡ angle

is 3 , using the Pythagorean theorem.

b) 1
2
= sin30° = cos60°

c) 1. cos30° ≈ 0.8660
2. sin60° ≈ 0.8660
3. 2
3
≈ 0.8660

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 Trigonometry in a Nutshell: Answer Key 2

d) 1. tan30° ≈ 0.5774
2. 1
3
≈ 0.5774
3. 3
3
≈ 0.5774

1.2 p. 432 #1 a) m∠C = 70°; mCB ≈ 3.42 cm; m AB ≈ 9.40 cm

mDF ≈ 38.89 cm; m∠D = 50°; m∠F ≈ 40°

b)
mEF = 29.79 cm

#5 a) ≈ 40 m b) ≈ 47.2 m

#6 Nellie: ≈ 155.43 m
Richard: ≈ 125.86 m

#8 ≈ 135¡ and 45¡

p. 451 - 453 #14 1638 m

#2 a) 133.97 m b) 259.81 m

p. 458 #2 a) 3.52 + 8.42 = 9.12 (PythagorasÕ theorem)

b) 22.6¡ c) 67.4¡ d) 90¡
#3 a) 4.77 m b) 25.5¡

2. Oblique Triangles

2.1 pp. 439-442 #1 a) sin B ≈ 0.7762; m ∠B ≈ 51¡

#3 a) m ∠Y = 135¡; m XY ≈ 8.97 cm;

m YZ ≈ 7.26 cm

c) m ∠J ≈ 63¡; m ∠L ≈ 74¡; m JK ≈ 51.8 m

d) m ∠F ≈ 150¡; m ∠E ≈ 10¡;
m DF ≈ 43.41 mm

#6 a) 135¡ b) 15¡ c) ≈ 131.37 m

d) ≈ 92.89 m e) ≈ 92.89 m
Trigonometry in a Nutshell: Answer Key 3
__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
 #11 ≈ 19.99 km

p. 447 #3 a) m BC≈ 2.92; m ∠C ≈ 39.5¡; m ∠B ≈ 72.5¡

d) m XY ≈ 1.95 km; m ∠Y ≈ 46.2¡; m ∠X = 105.8¡

#5 a) m ∠A ≈ 41.4¡; m ∠B ≈ 82.8¡; m ∠C ≈ 55.8¡

b) m ∠D ≈ 52.6¡; m ∠E ≈ 15.4¡; m ∠F ≈ 112¡

p. 448 #8 a) ≈ 464.72 m b) ≈ 17.1¡

p. 455 #31 a) ≈ 2.58 m b) ≈ 1.9 m2

p. 458 #4 ≈ 278.5 m

MEQ June Exams

1997:

#14 C

#24

Trigonometry in a Nutshell: Answer Key 4

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
MEQ June Exams

1998:

#12 A

#22

Trigonometry in a Nutshell: Answer Key 5

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.
MEQ June Exams

1998:

#23

__________
A temporary solution for 1998-99 to cover the Math 436 course objectives.