The History of Rome: The Republic

MIDTERM REVIEW #2
The Middle Republic

Test Format
Part 1: Short Identifications (5)

50% total

4 columns with four terms in each you must use one term from each column, plus one additional term bullet points are sufficient, but include all pertinent information Dates (if known) Significance Description Context Definition recommended time: 20 minutes total, four minutes for each ID

Example Identification:

Romulus
Duality ruling with Remus and Titus The rape of Sabine Women needed Tatius but eventually becomes the first women to grow his city king of Rome Patricians/plebeians Strikes Remus down and kills his twin Patres = senators, fathers brother Pomerium established Foundation of RomeApr 21st 753 BC Tribes & tribal affiliations (Titines, etc) He established asylum where bandits He disappeared with the clouds and outlaws from other city-states can according to myth; some suspect that he come and live man power for Rome was ambushed by the senators

Test Format
Part 2: Short Essay (1)

50% total

choice of 2 essay prompts

write thorough, complete and coherent narrative answers use concrete examples utilizing

Ancient sources In-class discussion Secondary source readings Material culture and artifacts

recommended time: 30 minutes total

Lectures at a Glance

1. The First Punic War

2. The Second Punic War

3. Roman Imperialism in the East

4. Roman Imperialism in the West

5. The Influence of Greece and

the Bacchic Scandal 6. The Consequence of Empire 7. The Gracchi

1. The First Punic War (264-238 BC)

People

Mamertines Hiero Appius Claudius Caudex M. Atilius Regulus C. Duilius Hamilcar Barca Hannibal Barca C. Lutatius Catulus

Places/ Battles Messana

Concepts and Terms

Syracuse Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia Battle of Mylae Battle of Drepana

Sources/ Evidence

Polybius WH&Y 88-99

Carthaginian Empire corvus Indemnity Outbreak of war causes, consequences Mamertines motivation Battle strategies Strategic locations, Treaty terms

The Carthaginian Empire (264 BC)

2A. The Second Punic War (218-202 BC)

People

Places/ Battles

Hasdrubal Barca Gaius Flaminius Q. Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Aemelius Paulus Terentius Varro Scipio Africanus Marcellus Archimedes

Messana The Fall of Saguntum Alps Battle of Ticinus Battle of the Trebia Battle of Lake Trasimene

Battle of Cannae Numidia Seige of Syracuse Conquest of New Carthage Reconquest of Spain Battle of Metaurus Battle of Zama

2B. The Second Punic War (218-202 BC)

Simultaneous Issues

Sources/ Evidence

Ongoing Spanish rebellions First Macedonian War (215-205 BC) Aetolian League makes peace with Philip V Continued issues in Syracuse

Livy, Bks 21-2, 30

WH&Y 100-9

Concepts and Terms

Barcid Dynasty The Ebro treaty Siege warfare The Scipios Rogum Scipionum Treaty tactics

Extraordinary actions in elections Issues of morality Exceptional individuals Fabian Tactics

An Abbreviated Scipio Family Tree

Gn. Corn. Scipio Calvus
(killed in rogum Scipionum)

Publius Corn. Scipio

(killed in rogum Scipionum)

L. Aemilius Paulus (killed in Battle of Canae)

grandson

Scipio Africanus
adopted grandson

Cornelia Africana

Scipio Aemilianus
married

Gaius Gracchus

Tiberius Gracchus

Sempronia

3. Roman Imperialism in the East Pt. 1

People/ Key Players Alexander the Great Philip V Pergamum Rhodes Athens, Sparta, Thebes Attalus I P. Sulpicius Galba Titus Quinctius Flamininus Battles/ Places
1st Macedonian War 2nd Macedonian War Battle of Cynoscephalae Thessaly

Concepts and Terms

The Achaean League The Aetolian League Hellenistic Empire Ptolemaic Egypt Antagonid Macedon Seleucid Kingdom Peace of Phoenice Dissension about entering war Freedom of the Greeks

Sources/ Evidence

Polybius WH&Y 88-99 Numismatics

3. Roman Imperialism in the East Pt. 2

People/ Key Players

Battles/ Places
2nd Macedonian War War with Antiochus III Thermopylae Battle of Magnesia 3rd Macedonian War Battle of Pydna

Concepts and Terms

Scipionic legend Peace of Apamea Death of extraordinary characters Changes in conquering techniques

Antiochus III Titus Quinctius Flamininus

Aetolian League
Lucius Cornelius Scipio Scipio Africanus

L. Aemilius Paulus
Lucius Mummius

4th Macedonian War

Sack of Corinth

Alliances, client-kingship and local administration

Imperial history of East
Reliefs

Sources/ Evidence

Polybius WH&Y 88-99

Numismatics Inscriptions

Numismatic Depiction

Philip V of Macedon

Flamininus

Scipio Aemilianus

4. Roman Imperialism in the West

People

Places/Battles

Concepts and Terms

Cato the Elder Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus Senior Massinisa Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus

Spanish rebellions Hispania Ulterior

Hispania Citerior
3rd Punic War Siege of Carthage

Sources/ Evidence

Massinisas inheritance dispute

Numidia Fall of Numantia

WH&Y 117-125 Numismatics Polybius

Territorial conquest and direct administration Stipendium Changing relationship between Carthage and Rome Power and motivations for war Peace treaties, greed Pairs of Scipios Historical cycles

6. The Bacchic Scandal

People/ Players

Sources/Evidence

Concepts and Terms

M. Fuvius Nobilior Senate

Livy Ab Urbe Condita Book 39

Bacchic Cult
Roman People Outside influences

Senatorial Decree regarding the Bacchants

WH&Y 141-151 Severan Forma Urba Romae Temple of Hercules Musarum

Places

Ambracia Greece

Cultural synthesis, appropriation and integration Greek Imports Issues of power, morality, sex and identity Religion Variation within sources Why target the Bacchants

7. The Consequence of Empire

Key Terms/ Players

Concepts

denarius Publicani sine manu cum manu Lex Villia Annalis Ordo senatorius Ordo Equester

Cultural Synthesis (again)

Money circulation International Finance, Loans Roman women Provincial Administration

Demographic losses
Monetization of the Economy

Sources/ Evidence

WH&Y 127-140
Crawford 94-106

Two accounts of stress between Solidification of city/countryside in cursus honorum and mid-Republic why this was critical Imports/Exports in the mid-Republic Specialized crops

Rise of the Knights

8. The Gracchi
People

Sources/ Evidence

Concepts/Terms

Cornelia Tiberius Gracchus Gaius Gracchus

Appian, The Civil Wars Plutarch, Lives of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus WH&Y 152162

Prosopography Role of women Land/agrarian struggles Extraordinary individuals and changes in how they are treated Family relations