DEPT. OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING, BUET BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY EEE 312 Experi e!

" # STUDY OF FRE$UENCY %ODULATION AND DE%ODULATION. OB&ECTIVE' To observe a single MSI chip 4046 can be operated as a frequency modulator as well as a frequency demodulator. INTRODUCTION' igital !M"S I! 4046 is popular by the name of a #$$ detector. In digital application it is commonly used as a frequency demodulator. "ne of the sections of a #$$ detector is a %!" and this part can ma&e frequency modulation. In this e'periment you will use two of such I! ( one for frequency modulation and another for frequency demodulation. The functional diagram of such an I! is shown below)

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E$UIP%ENTS' <i= I! 4046 >/ piece <ii= Multimeter <iii= "scilloscope <iv= .esistor < *0?@4:?@/0?@*00?= <v= !apacitor <0.*f>/ piece=. PROCEDURE' PART A' *. In the first part of this lab we will use the %!" of 4046 to show how input voltage variation could be translated to the frequency variation. 1igure below shows how the e'ternal element should be connected. !onnect % to *0%. /. Ma&e connection as follows with .*A *0?@ ./A @ !*A 0.*f and in this condition you will find the frequency variation without offset. The center frequency <f " = you will find at %I3A 0.8% Bnote this value. !ompare it with the data sheet. <3ote it should be near at * &+C.= %ary %I3 from 0% to full % in at least 8 steps and note the output voltage frequency. Since the circuit is with out offset condition so f MI3A 0 +C that should occur at 0 % and f M,DA /f " that should occur at % .

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7. In this step we will ma&e the circuit in offset condition i.e. intentionally we can set a value of f MI3 by choosing the value of . /. !onnect %I3 to %SS. Set .*A @ ./A 4:? and !* is still 0.* f. "bserve the output frequency and this corresponds to the f MI3. !ompare the observed with data sheet value. <3ote it should be near at 800 +C.= Gou can try with ./A *00?. 4. !onnect .* and ./ at the same time &eeping the value of ! * unchanged. %ary %I3 from 0% to % . 3ote the value of f MI3 and f M,D. !alculate the ratio of f M,D to f MI3 and compare it with the value of the data sheet. <3ote for ./H.*A8 the ratio should be near 8 and for . /H.*A*0 it should be near *0.= 8. 0nder this condition give a 80 +C or *00 +C square wave with pea& *0 % on %I3. "bserve the %"0T. Gou can change the input frequency slightly to ma&e a stable output on oscilloscope. PART B' *. In this part I! 4046 will be used as frequency demodulator. Ta&e another 4046 and ma&e connection as shown in the figure. The previous part <with square wave as input= will be our modulator section. +ere the square wave should be e'tracted. /. !onnect %"0T of step 8 in part , to the SI53I3 of #art 6. 7. The outer section low pass filter should be chosen according to the cutoff requirements of %I3. 1or *00 +C signal you can use .7A /0? and !/A 0.* f. 4. "utput should be observed at S1"0T. Gou can ma&e .S1 A or any desired load.

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7