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Sustainability at Purdue University

Team Green Bean


Josh McKinney
Jessica Melton
Ryan Scott

Green Roof in Tokyo

Team Green Bean Page 1


ENGL 421 - Francis Tobienne, Jr.
10-30-2009
Table of Contents

1. Title Page
1
2. Table of Contents
2
3. Executive Summary
3
a. Importance of Green Research
3
b. Green Buildings Overview
3
c. Community Outreach Overview
3
d. Interviews Overview
3
4. Research and Data Gathered
4
a. Green Buildings
4
i. Mechanical Engineering Building
4
ii. Schleman Hall
4
b. Community Outreach Efforts
5
i. Recycling
5
ii. Energy
6
iii. Storm Water Management
6
iv. Purdue Green Week
7
v. University of Vermont
7
Team Green Bean Page 2
c. Interviews
8
5. Works Cited
12
6. Annotated Bibliography
13

Executive Summary
Importance of Green and other nonrenewable resources,
“going green” and “sustainability”
Research apply to those who want to help the
Around the world, “going green” andworld continue to be a habitable and
“sustainability” are key words thathospitable place. Alternative
are heard often. But what do theytransportation, green roofs, recycling,
mean? In short, humanity is at aand other community-based efforts
crossroads. What with globalpave the way for a brighter, greener,
warming, the scarcity and price of oilsustainable future. The members of
Team Green Bean Page 3
Team Green Bean have looked into
the efforts Purdue has made thus farCommunity Outreach
in securing itself as a green
university. They have also looked into
Overview
the future regarding how Purdue canThe only way for Purdue to be totally
make a more lasting impact on itsgreen is to have the community
campus and the community around it.within and surrounding it be green as
Researchers have put many hourswell. Team Green Bean has
into this field of study, and theirresearched the strides made by such
efforts and ideas will be summarizedorganizations as the Boiler Green
herein. To focus this discussion,Initiative (BGI) and the University of
Team Green Bean chose three mainVermont in capturing the attention of
points of interest: Purdue’s greenthe community and getting help in
buildings, community outreachthe effort to go green. Recycling and
efforts, and interviews withenergy awareness are just a few of
researchers and teachers ofthe topics that are important to the
sustainability. sustainability of Purdue and of the
community, and those, among others,
will be covered, as well as how Purdue
Green Buildingscan continue to maintain the
Overview community’s support in its endeavors.
In 2011, Purdue will open its first
certified green building. The Roger B.Interviews
Gatewood Addition to the MechanicalResearchers and teachers of
Engineering building will add spacesustainability at Purdue are vital
and sustainability to part of Purdue’sbecause they can share their
Campus, and Team Green Beanknowledge with students, the
looked into the particulars. The greencommunity, and university officials
roof of Schleman Hall and otheralike. Team Green Bean conducted
possible green building projects weretwo interviews with staff members
also analyzed. The importance ofintegral to the green movement at
green buildings is not to bePurdue, Dr. Fu Zhao and Dr. Robin
understated. Buildings account forRidgeway. These interviews shed
48% of the total energy consumptionlight on what is like to teach
in the United States and it issustainability and how being green is
imperative that this energy either beimportant to the university.
reduced or put to better use than it is
now.

Team Green Bean Page 4


stewardship of resources and
sensitivity to their impacts. According

Research and Data Gathered


to the USBGC, LEED “provides
building owners and operators a
concise framework for identifying and
implementing practical and

Green Buildings
measurable green building

Mechanical Engineering
In 2011 Purdue University will
open its first green building, thedesign, construction, operations and
Roger B. Gatewood Addition to themaintenance solutions.”1
Mechanical Engineering building. The LEED essentially is a points
$33 million addition will add just oversystem for construction engineers and
40,000 square feet to the building, orarchitects which allows building
about 55 percent more room. Alongcreators to tally up the positive green
with the new laboratories, classrooms,design decisions to achieve one of the
and student areas, the building willfour different LEED levels – Certified,
also bring a first to Purdue’s campus –Silver, Gold, or Platinum. For The
a certified green building. Roger B. Gatewood Addition to be
The Roger B. Gatewood AdditionLEED v2.2 Certified, it must achieve
will the first building on Purdue’s26 of a possible 69 points. To achieve
campus to be constructed to thethese points, Purdue is implementing
standards of the U.S. Green Buildingseveral items including a higher solar
Council, a non-profit organizationreflectance roof, low-flow plumbing
which focuses on cost-efficient andfixtures, construction materials with
energy-saving practices for greenrecycled content, Green Label Plus
buildings. The U.S. Green Buildingcarpet, wood certified by the Forest
Council (USGBC) has created anStewardship Council, and paint and
internationally recognizedsealants certified to reduce indoor air
certification system called LEED whichpollutants.
was designed to improve several Though the Mechanical
environmental metrics includingEngineering building’s addition will be
energy savings, water usage, carbon
dioxide emissions, improvement of1http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.a
spx?CMSPageID=1988
indoor environmental quality and the
Team Green Bean Page 5
the first certified green building at
Purdue, there have recently been
other green construction projects on
campus.

Schleman Hall
The green roof atop Schleman is
a plant-covered surface designed to
both retain water from rain and
insulate the building and is the result
of a $68,700 grant from State Farm
Insurance2. As a side effect of the

ommunity Outreach Efforts


natural materials used, the building’s
roof will actually last longer than if it
didn’t have a green roof. The roof
includes monitoring equipmentRecycling
powered by solar panels designed to
check the efficiency and performance Recycling programs have long
of the roof and provide data for makeexisted at Purdue, and in the last few
design decisions for future green roofyears have grown in both importance
projects on campus. Though theto students and faculty and
future of green roofs at Purdueparticipation. In 2008 Purdue’s
depend on the data gleaned fromrecycling rate was 26 percent, which
Schleman Hall, Purdue is alreadyresulted in keeping 500 tons of trash
considering green roofs on theout of landfills. The recycling rate at
Horticulture Building, Mann Hall, thePurdue increased to 37 percent in
Armory, and other new construction. 2009. The end goal for Purdue is to
recycle 100 percent of its waste.
Purdue Grounds have set a goal of a
total of 65 percent recycled waste by
2014, so clearly the goal of 100
percent efficiency is many years off.
To encourage the increase of
recycling, Purdue Grounds installed
31 new recycling containers across
the West Lafayette campus.
2http://www.boilergreen.com/page2/p Furthermore, there is a pilot program
age8/greenroof.html in Freehafer Hall, which puts recycling
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containers instead of trash cans atliving in dorms. University Residences
the desk of every staff, and facultyspends $3000 weekly for its
member in the building. The onlyemployees to check and sort
items not recycled in Freehafer Hallrecyclable goods, including
are those containing liquid, foodcardboard, plastic, and paper.
waste, or food wrappers. These itemsHousing and Food services provides
can be thrown away at trash cans incustomers with refillable bottles and
common areas. The recycle bins areuses only 100 percent recycled fiber
emptied twice a week by a custodialnapkins. The Purdue Memorial Union
crew and creates no additionaluses green cleaning chemicals and
required labor. This pilot program isnow has a sustainable floor that
expected to be expanded and gorequires fewer chemicals for
campus-wide in 2010, greatlymaintenance in its Commons area.
increasing the recycling Purdue’s Veterinary Hospital has
efforts of all staff and increasecreated compost with its used animal
Purdue’s overall recycling ratebedding and manure.
significantly. Another success for recycling at
Another initiative Purdue isPurdue has been a collaborative
taking to increase campus-wideproject between Boiler Green, Purdue
participation is joining Recyclemania!Athletics, and Purdue Refuse and
in 2010. Recyclemania! is competitionRecycling. Together, these groups
between other colleges andhave worked together to setup a
universities to see who can recyclerecycling program for Purdue home
the most during a ten-week period infootball games at Ross-Ade Stadium.
the spring 2010 semester. It is hopedOn game days volunteers begin at
that students will want to participate8AM and continue working until an
and that their involvement will carryhour after the game ends to collect
over after the ten-week period. recyclable waste and encourage fans
Purdue also has a few ratherto recycle. In 2008, there were a total
unconventional recycling programsof 150 volunteers that put in 710.5
that are not immediately apparenthours. The result of their efforts was a
when one first comes to campus. Thetotal of 45,140 lbs of recycled waste
remnants of over 500,000 meals eachthat didn’t end up in a landfill 3.
month from Purdue dining hall go toThrough the first three games of the
the West Lafayette Waste Treatment2009 football season the program is
Plant and are there recycled into
methane. University Residences also3http://www.boilergreen.com/page2/p
have recycling programs for thoseage10/Recycling.html
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on pace to recycle of 52,000 lbs ofEngineering to give a lecture on how
waste by the end of the season. buildings can be better suited to use
daylight as a more effective way of
lighting than light bulbs. After
compiling all their data and gleaning
more information from research, they
will apply for grants to hold an
efficient light bulb exchange to invite
the community to learn more about
their findings. This will increase
awareness in the community and on
campus about how to conserve
energy using daylight and efficient
light bulbs and will be an integral tool
Energy in Purdue going green
The Boiler Green Initiative (BGI) is a
Purdue sponsored organizationStorm Water
dedicated to helping Purdue and theManagement
surrounding community become
The Boiler Green Initiative also has a
green and sustainable. Energy is the
focus group relating to storm water
main subject of one particular focus
management.
group, specifically energy used in
Storm water is the runoff water
lighting Purdue’s buildings. Their
that gathers after a rain storm and
objective is to ultimately use sunlight
flows into drainage ditches, storm
more effectively, reducing the
sewers, reservoirs, and other large
buildings’ energy needs. To aid them
bodies of water. Along the way,
in achieving this goal, they plan to
storm water can collect debris and all
find data on the percentage of light
manner of pollutants, such as motor
bulbs on campus, in the surrounding
oil, pet waste, and lawn chemicals.
community, and in public buildings
Polluted storm water runoff is the
that are energy efficient. They will
biggest threat to the world’s drinking
use this data to write a new report
water, as most of this runoff flows into
that analyzes what can be done to
our public drinking systems. There
light buildings more efficiently and to
are many ways to help rid storm
make recommendations on using
water of its potentially damaging
daylight as an effective lighting
effects, and rain gardens are one of
source. They will invite a professor
them.
from the Department of Architectural
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Rain gardens have two mainbehalf of Purdue to the area in
functions. They collect water fromgeneral.
storms that might otherwise be The foci of this year’s programs
directed into a public drinking systemwere environmentally friendly
and they then filter out the impurities.programs and changing habits that
Rain gardens also collect largewaste energy. The dedication of
amounts of water to release back intoSchleman Hall’s green roof and the
the ecosystem safely, instead ofidea to establish the university as an
causing overflow problems in publicarboretum were just a couple of the
sewers and water collection areas.events that focused on
Overflow problems can also gatherenvironmentally friendly programs at
impurities from surfaces but this canPurdue. BGI and Physical Facilities
be avoided by using a rain garden. also teamed up for an inter-residence
BGI is helping to bring rainhall energy competition to see who
gardens to Purdue by first installingcould save the most energy.
one at Hillel House. They are also All of Purdue Green Week’s
beginning to draft and design aprograms could be deemed a success
second rain garden at a location yetjust by them being held at all. This is
to be determined. one way to get the community
By providing rain gardens toinvolved, and Purdue went all out to
Purdue’s campus, BGI is ensuring thatmake sure it set the bar for years to
the community will pay attention tocome. By holding a Green Week
the importance of safely taking careevery year, Purdue will be
of storm water before it can become aaccountable for its green actions or
public health hazard. Hopefully, too,inactions, and the community will be
it will encourage community membersinvited to see all of these up close.
to create rain gardens of their own.
University of Vermont
Purdue Green Week With all the efforts Purdue related
One of the main ways Purdue stays ingroups have made to ensure that the
touch with the community and gainscommunity is involved in Purdue
ideas is Green Week. This year,becoming green and sustainable, one
Green Week was September 21wonders if even more can be done.
through September 25, and manyThe University of Vermont had an
events were scheduled toidea. Through two community events
demonstrate to the community all ofand one online survey, the university
Purdue’s efforts to go green. Thisgathered over 1,500 participants
shows a sense of accountability onthroughout the area. Participants’
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visions of a sustainable communityBio: Dr. Fu Zhao is employed as an
and university were gathered, and aAssistant Professor by the School of
mission statement and plans andMechanical Engineering at Purdue. Fu
designs were implements accordingteaches Mechanical and Ecological
to those visions. This researchDesign Engineering. He has earned
suggests that a more effective way tofour college degrees: a B.S. and an
bring about change within a universityM.S. in Thermal Engineering both
comes from the community as afrom Tsinghua University, China; and
whole, not just those few groups onan M.S. in Electrical Engineering and a
campus who actively seek change orPh.D. in Mechanical Engineering both
those beings in power. When thefrom the University of Michigan.
community as a whole has the
opportunity to share their voice, it can
be quite empowering and as such can
be an important tool in helping
universities plan to go green.

Interviews
Paraphrased Interview Transcript
Interviewer: Josh McKinney
Topic: Sustainability in Teaching
Date: 10-08-09
Guest: Dr. Fu Zhao

Q. To begin, could you give a


brief overview of your experience
in sustainability?

Well, here at Purdue my research is


primarily in sustainable design and
manufacturing. My focus isn’t merely
on developing new technologies to
tackle the challenges we face today,
but consists mostly on the
Team Green Bean Page 10
redevelopment of old ideas andon sustainability we create awareness
advances. By taking what we learnedfor engineering’s impact on the
in the past and re-engineering theseenvironment and build a platform for
technologies for the benefit of thesustainable future.
environment today, we can help
Q. What do you mean by “re-
reverse the damage done. I would say
engineering old technologies”?
that 90% of my research on this topic
focuses on the functionality of oldTake for instance recycling biomass
designs. into energy. This is not a new idea.
Yet converting biomass into energy
The other aspect of sustainability that
posed many problems in the past and
is important to me and to our futures
still does today. Turning corn and
is education. Most of my academic
soybean fields to switch grass for a
career has been centered on
biomass boiler sounds sustainable,
sustainable engineering, clean and
but you had to give up acres of a crop
environmentally conscious
to make room for the grass. This
manufacturing and biomass energy.
drives up crop prices and also is
When I began teaching at Purdue inenergy intensive. My interest is in
January 2007, I mostly taughttaking bio waste already available
Mechanical Engineering toand using it to efficiently produce
undergraduate and graduates. What Ipower to the grid. Easy does not
noticed over the next two semestersdescribe the solution. Unfortunately it
was that the majority of my students,takes power to make power. What we
all but one, in my environmentalas engineers need to focus on is how
classes was mechanical engineeringto take the least amount of energy to
students and not the variety I wasproduce the maximum amount of
hoping for. After talking with myenergy. One example is to take a
peers and students, I was told mytractor, plant a crop, fertilize and
classes were to dry and did not bringharvest the crop just to burn it to
any excitement to ecological designproduce energy. The amount of
and awareness. So for the fall 2008energy required to get the plant from
semester I revised my curriculum. a seed to the boiler greatly exceeds
the amount of energy received from
Since then I have noticed a much
the crop. Being sustainable doesn’t
larger enrollment into the program as
just mean recycling; we must focus on
well as a greater interest from
the life cycle of our energy resources.
students outside of engineering about
the program. By educating students

Team Green Bean Page 11


Q. How important is Q. Do you enjoy teaching
sustainability to Purdue? sustainable engineering?

Being sustainable is very important toYes. I do admit that the amount of


Purdue. Even though Purdue is just astudents I have now does burden my
blip on a map, we can create a largegrading load, but I enjoy teaching
impact on campus and around thestudents from many different
world by providing a model forbackgrounds and degree programs.
sustainable design. Since we areTeaching future engineers to be
starting with an old campus, we haveenvironmentally responsible in their
to take many factors into account.design is essential for being ‘green’.
With tuition increasing every year,Yet to be completely successful, we
every dollar needs to be spent tomust have the majority of the
create the maximum amount ofstudents conscious of their role in
efficiency in our facilities and oursustainability. Just because other
projects. We need to focus on beingstudents are not engineers doesn’t
sustainable which in turn helps themean their decisions in their future
environment, our campus and ourcareers do not impact our ecology.
wallets.
Paraphrased Interview Transcript
Q. Yesterday the Sustainable Interviewer: Josh McKinney
Endowments Institute gave Guest: Dr. Robin Ridgway
Purdue a B-minus in sustainable Topic: Sustainable Future for
efforts. Do you think that Purdue
Purdue’s efforts are in the right Date: 10-09-09
or wrong direction?

Purdue is most definitely on the right


path to sustainability. The grade from
the article is correct, but I don’t think
it gives justice to what we have
accomplished here. The other
campuses that were in the same
grade range as Purdue have not even
come close to achieving all we as aBio: Dr. Robin Ridgway is employed
campus have accomplished and planby Physical Facilities at Purdue
for. University. Robin oversees and
advises Purdue and Wade Utility with

Team Green Bean Page 12


environmental compliance andQ. Why is LEED important and
state/federal regulations. Shehow is Purdue planning on
received her Ph.D. in environmentalimplementing the standards
engineering from Purdue. outlined by LEED into the older
buildings and facilities on
campus?
Q. Could you give a brief
description of your job here at
The new LEED standards are for new
Purdue?
building construction. These
Well, my official title is Director ofstandards provide a strict set of
Sustainability and Environmentalengineering and construction
Stewardship. Basically my priority isguidelines to maximize the efficiency
to take sustainability ideas proposedof the building and its facilities. The
by my bosses or companies doingnew Robert B. Gatewood wing of the
business with Purdue and make themMechanical Engineering building will
into a reality. follow these new standards and will
stand as a model for future
When it comes to a new upcoming
construction at Purdue.
project, our campus is focusing on the
most energy efficient way to build it. IWhere we run into problems are with
find myself being the question askerthe older buildings on campus. Since
in most situations. When the Mackeythe buildings were not constructed
storm water project was inwith LEED standards around, they are
development, I asked the questionssound, but not efficient. Our goal is to
that helped shape the mostretro-commission the old buildings to
sustainable design. perform like a new LEED certified
building.
Don’t get me confused with an
engineer though. My role is not theTo achieve this goal we are looking at
details of the design, but the critic ofany and all aspects of sustainable
its performance and efficiency. If wedesign. The hard part is that we have
don’t ask ourselves “does this activityno reliable way of knowing how much
effect our air quality or waterenergy each building consumes on a
supply?” then we will not know thedaily, monthly or yearly basis. Each
long-term impact of our decisions. building will have a unique set of
challenges to make it more efficient.

The way we are planning on attacking


this huge task is a three-step
Team Green Bean Page 13
strategy. First, we must retro-an asset to the environment,
commission to increase buildingcommunity and eventually our
efficiency. Next comes metering. Bybudget.
metering the buildings input of
From a faculty standpoint, I would say
energy, we can determine how and
that our new ‘green’ initiatives have
where to increase efficiency. The last
already started showing progress.
yet most critical for short and long
With efforts from the Boiler Green
term projects is the Qualified Energy
Initiative and staff we have placed
Savings (QES) upgrades. Purdue was
recycle bins at every desk. When at
picked for the program to help
work, recycling styrofoam, paper,
strengthen our role in sustainability as
plastic or cans is as easy as throwing
well as the campus budget. This
them in a divided trash can. We have
program lets Purdue borrow up to $10
noticed a significant reduction in trash
million for energy saving projects. The
collected from the buildings while our
projects are designed to pay the
recycling center has seen a great
money back within 10 years.
increase in recycled materials. If
The benefit of borrowing money andfaculty can recycle easily at work,
being able to pay them back in athen there is no reason to throw
timely manner proves that there isanything away.
money to be saved. When the loans
From a student standpoint, recycling
are paid off, then all the savings will
is not hard and its benefits can be
be new capital to fund more ‘green’
seen around campus. The asset to
projects around campus. For us this is
students is a cleaner campus with the
a win/win for our sustainable future.
reduction of trashcans and knowing
Q. Is ‘going green’ for Purdue an that they can contribute to a better,
asset or liability for the campus more sustainable Purdue.
as a whole? Faculty? Students?
Q. Dr. Fu Zhao posed a question
If we can increase our sustainability
for my interviews and I would like
correctly, financially we can put the
to ask you, paper or plastic?
campus in the equal or a little in the
Oh well I hope I don’t disappoint him!
black. Even though we will not be
When I am done with my plastic and
saving money in the short-term the
paper bags, I re-use them around my
financial rewards are not far off. We
house. I mostly use my paper bags to
must stay progressive and move
put my recyclables in. For the used
fiscally outward to create new
plastic bags, they are a must when I
developments in sustainability. So I
clean out the cat box for obvious
do see the efforts of university to be
Team Green Bean Page 14
reasons. I know there is no perfect
answer to ‘paper or plastic’ debate so
I recycle them as many times as
possible.

Team Green Bean Page 15


Works Cited

1. Boiler Green Initiative. Purdue University, 2009. Web. October 15,


2009.

2. Oskvarek, Jonathon. “Activities promote ‘green’ programs, habits.”


Purdue Exponent 18 Sept. 2009

3. Pollack, Noah, Eileen Horn, Robert Costanza, and Matt Sayre.


“Envisioning helps promote sustainability in academia: A case study at
the University of Vermont.” International Journal of Sustainability in
Higher Education 10.4 (2009): 343-53. Print.

4. Ridgway, Robin. Personal Interview. 9 October 2009.

5. Sustainability at Purdue University. Purdue University, 2009. Web. October


15, 2009.

6. Zhao, Fu. Personal Interview. 8 October 2009.

Team Green Bean Page 16


Team Green Bean Page 17
Annotated Bibliography
Our issue is that of how Purdue University has gone green, and how the
community has been impacted or has helped the efforts. Our print and
electronic sources have been very helpful in answering these questions, and
our interviews have given us a broader base of knowledge to pull from. We
still need to find some more sources about how the community has been
involved in Purdue’s sustainability efforts, but these sources have given us a
great start.

Boiler Green Initiative. Purdue University, 2009. Web. October 15, 2009.

The Boiler Green Initiative website has information on a number of Purdue


recycling and green projects. It has information on the details of the green
roof on Schleman Hall as well as plans for future roof projects. The site also
has hard numbers for the recycling programs at Purdue football games. It
also has information about the various green initiatives that BGI is working
with Purdue to implement, such as alternative transportation, carbon
neutrality, and energy saving. We will use this in our paper to discuss the
efforts Purdue has made to go green and the possible efforts it could make
in the future to make the university more sustainable.

Oskvarek, Jonathon. “Activities promote ‘green’ programs, habits.” Purdue


Exponent 18 Sept. 2009

This article describes Purdue’s 2009 Green week and its activities. We will
use this information in our White Paper to show the activities Purdue is
making available to students and the community to support their green
initiatives. This is a good resource because it provides necessary
information to the community about how to get involved in going green and
emphasizes the efforts Purdue is making to achieve its goals.

Pollack, Noah, Eileen Horn, Robert Costanza, and Matt Sayre. “Envisioning
helps promote sustainability in academia: A case study at the University of
Vermont.” International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 10.4
(2009): 343-53. Print.

Although we didn’t purchase complete access to this article, the abstract


provided some good ideas about involving the community in universities’
sustainability efforts. This research project’s methodology included
community events and online surveys to discover what community
members envisioned a green university to be. We will use this article in
Team Green Bean Page 18
highlighting how important the community is to determining how and what
should be done to make Purdue a sustainable university and how how the
community can help Purdue focus its efforts.

Ridgway, Robin. Personal Interview. 9 October 2009.

Dr. Ridgway and I discussed the many difficulties of modernizing Purdue to


meet the challenges of today and tomorrow. Topics of the interview include
Dr. Ridgway's role on campus, the next big project for Purdue and the
complications of the LEED standards. We will use this interview to help
show that Purdue is teaching students to be green and that faculty and staff
are making an effort for the university to be sustainable.

Sustainability at Purdue University. Purdue University, 2009. Web. October


15, 2009.

The Sustainability at Purdue website is a great resource which links to many


papers, articles and more regarding green efforts at Purdue. Of particular
help to us have been the articles from details of Green Week 2009 which
detail Purdue recycling programs, green roof projects, and other local
community programs. It also links to Purdue’s housing and food service
sustainability, which we will discuss in our paper concerning measures the
university has taken to go green.

Zhao, Fu. Personal Interview. 8 October 2009.

Dr. Zhao and I discussed the teaching aspect pertaining to sustainability at


Purdue University. Topics of the interview include Dr. Zhao's area of
research, his involvement in Purdue's efforts and if Purdue is directing their
efforts in the right direction to become a sustainable campus model. We will
use this interview to argue that Purdue is making strides to become
sustainable and a model in the community for green efforts.

Team Green Bean Page 19

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