DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY COURSE NO.: EEE 212 EXPT.

NO. 02 NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: STUDY OF DIODE RECTIFIER CIRCUITS OBJECTIVE To understand principle of diode in converting ac into dc and to study different diode rectifier circuits. MATERIALS REQUIRED Trainer board Multimeter Resistor 10k Capacitor 1F,4 F !iode 4 pieces. THEORY T"e diode rectifier converts t"e input sinusoidal voltage #s to a unipolar output #o. T"ere are t$o types of rectifier circuits% &i' (alf)$ave rectifier and &ii' Full)$ave rectifier. (alf)$ave rectifier T"e circuit of a "alf)$ave rectifier is s"o$n in Fig. 1. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 1* 4001 C"1 10# p)p 100 (0 #2 101 C"+

Fi . 1 Circuit diagram for "alf $ave Rectifier T"e input and output of t"e rectifier are dra$n in Fig. +. !iode conducts only $"en it is for$ard biased. For #s , #m sint, !C voltage and current of a "alf $ave rectifier are as follo$s #!C, #m- ) &1-+'#!. /!C,&#m- ) &1-+'#!.'-R $"ere, #!. 0. #. #o

#m #m)#!.

Fi . 2 1

3/#&3eak /nverse #oltage'

3/# is t"e peak reverse voltage t"at appears across t"e diode $"en it is reverse)biased. 3/# , #m

Full)$ave rectifier
T"e bridge rectifier circuit is s"o$n in Fig. 4.

1* 400154 #2

#i

Fi . ! Circuit diagram for bridge rectifier Fig. 4 s"o$s t"e input and output voltage as a function of time. 3eak voltage across eac" diode $"en it is reverse)biased. !C voltage, #0 #m #m)#!. 3/# , #m ) #!. #!C , +#m- ) +#!.

Fi . "

Ripple factor
6 rectifier converts alternating currents into a unidirectional current, periodically fluctuating components still remaining in t"e output $ave. 6 measure of t"e fluctuating component is given by t"e ripple factor r, $"ic" is defined as r rms value of alternating components of $ave average value of $ave , /7rms -/dc , #7rms -#dc $"ere, /7rms and #7rms denote t"e rms value of t"e ac components of t"e current and voltage, respectively . For a "alf)$ave rectifier, r , 1.+1 and for a full $ave rectifier r , 0.48+

Filter
T"e rectifier $it" a filter is s"o$n in Fig 1. 9"en capacitor c"arges to #p &10# p)p', input voltage decreases immediately but capacitor $ill not c"arge its voltage instantaneously. 6s a result diode $ill be reverse biased and stop conducting. T"e stored c"arges on t"e capacitor $ill be released t"roug" R. For RC :: T T"e ripple voltage is given by #r , &1-fC'#p-R ,&1-fC'/2 !C current i!av , /2 ;1 < &+ #p-#r'= Ma>imum diode current i!ma> , /2 ;1 < + &+ #p-#r'= For full)$ave rectifier #r , #p-&+fCR' i!av , /2 ;1 < & #p-+#r'= i!ma> , /2 ;1 < + &#p-+#r'= PROCEDURE 1. Construct circuit of Fig.1 $it"out t"e capacitor. .bserve #i and #o simultaneously on t"e oscilloscope. ?ketc" input and output $aveforms. Measures #o $it" multimeter in dc and ac mode. +. Connect 1F capacitor across t"e load resistor. BE CAREFUL about t"e polarity of t"e capacitor. ?ketc" input and output $aveforms. Measure #o $it" multimeter. 4. Replace 1F Capacitor $it" 4 F and repeat step +. 4. Construct t"e circuit of Fig.+ $it"out t"e capacitor. .bserve and sketc"e #i, #o. DO NOT TRY to observe #i, #o simultaneously. Measure ac and dc components of #o $it" multimeter. @. Connect 1F capacitor as s"o$n in Fig.+ and repeat step 4. A. Replace 1 F capacitor by 4 F for Fig.+ and repeat step 4. REPORT 1. Calculate t"e average and effective values of t"e load voltages in circuits of Fig.1 and Fig. + $it"out capacitor. Compare t"ese values $it" t"ose obtained $it" t"e multimeter. +. Calculate t"e ripple factors for t"e t$o circuits for eac" of t"e t"ree cases and compare $it" t"e ideal values. 4. 9"ic" capacitor acts as a better filterB C>plain your ans$er. 4. 9"at are t"e advantages and disadvantages of t"e full $ave center tapped and bridge rectifier circuitB 4

$"ere #p-R /2 &constant , an assumption'.