Asterisk Appliance 50 Admin Manual

AsteriskAppliance50
(AA50)
AdministratorManual
601-00005 Rev.C
Digium,Inc.
445JanDavisDrive
Huntsville,AL35806
UnitedStates
MainNumber:1.256.428.6000
TechSupport:1.256.428.6161
U.S.TollFree:1.877.344.4861
Sales:1.256.428.6262
www.digium.com
www.asterisk.org
www.asterisknow.org
Digium,Inc.2009
Allrightsreserved.
No part of this publication may be copied, distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a
retrievalsystem,ortranslatedintoanyhumanorcomputerlanguagewithoutthepriorwritten
permissionofDigium,Inc.
Digium,Inc.hasmadeeveryefforttoensurethattheinstructionscontainedinthisdocument
areadequateanderrorfree.Themanufacturerwill,ifnecessary,explainissueswhichmay
not be covered by this documentation. The manufacturers liability for any errors in the
documentislimitedtothecorrectionoferrorsandtheaforementionedadvisoryservices.
Thisdocument has been prepared for use by professional and properly trained personnel,
andthecustomerassumesfullresponsibilitywhenusingit.
AdobeandAcrobatareregisteredtrademarks,andAcrobatReaderisatrademarkofAdobe
SystemsIncorporated.
AsteriskandDigiumareregisteredtrademarksandAsteriskBusinessEdition,AsteriskNOW,
AsteriskGUI,andAsteriskAppliance50aretrademarksofDigium,Inc.
Anyothertrademarksmentionedinthedocumentarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.
Digium,Inc. Page2
Safety Certification and Agency Approvals

Safety:
US/CSA60950
IEC60950
EN60950
AS/NZ60950
Other:
CEMark(EuropeanUnion)
2002/95/ECRestrictionsonHazardousSubstances(RoHS),2005/747/EC
leadfreeexemption(AnnexC)
Telecom:
FCCPart68,TIA-968
TBR-211998
IndustryCanadaIC-CS-03
AS-ACIFS002-2005
AS-ACIFS003-2005
EMC:
FCCPart15ClassA
EN55022/CISPR22ClassA
EN55025
IEC61000
CNS13438
VCCIV-32005.04
Digium,Inc. Page3

Federal Communications Commission Part 68 (USA)
ThisequipmentcomplieswithPart68oftheFCCrulesandthe
requirementsadoptedbytheACTA.OnthebackoftheAsterisk
Appliance50enclosureisalabelthatcontains,amongotherinformation,
aproductidentifierintheformatUS:AAAEQ##TXXXX.Ifrequested,
thisnumbermustbeprovidedtothetelephonecompany.
Aplugandjackusedtoconnectthisequipmenttothepremiseswiring
andtelephonenetworkmustcomplywiththeapplicableFCCPart68
rulesandrequirementsadoptedbytheACTA.
IftheAsteriskAppliance50causesharmtothetelephonenetwork,the
telephonecompanymaynotifyyouinadvancethattemporary
discontinuanceofservicemayberequired.Butifadvancenoticeisnot
practical,thetelephonecompanywillnotifyyouassoonaspossible.
Also,youwillbeadvisedofyourrighttofileacomplaintwiththeFCCif
youbelieveitisnecessary.
Thetelephonecompanymaymakechangesinitsfacilities,equipment,
operationsorproceduresthatcouldaffecttheoperationoftheequipment.
Ifthishappens,thetelephonecompanywillprovideadvancenoticein
orderforyoutomakenecessarymodificationstomaintainuninterrupted
service.
IfyouexperienceproblemswiththeAsteriskAppliance50,contact
Digium,Inc.(+1.256.428.6161)forrepairand/orwarrantyinformation.If
theequipmentiscausingharmtothetelephonenetwork,thetelephone
companymayrequestthatyoudisconnecttheequipmentuntilthe
problemisresolved.
Digium,Inc. Page4
FCC Part 15
Thisdevicecomplieswithpart15ofFCCrules.Operationissubjectto
thefollowingtwoconditions:(1)Thisdevicemaynotcauseharmful
interference,and(2)Thisdevicemustacceptanyinterferencereceived,
includinginterferencethatmaycauseundesiredoperation.
Digium,Inc. Page5

Introduction to Asterisk Appliance 50 Documentation
ThismanualcontainsproductinformationfortheAsteriskAppliance50.
Besuretorefertoanysupplementarydocumentsorreleasenotesthat
wereshippedwithyourequipment.Themanualisorganizedinthe
followingmanner:
Chapter/
Appendix
Title Description
1
Overview Identifiesthefeaturesofyourunit.
2
UnitInstallation Providesinstructionsforinstallingtheunit.
3
Asterisk
Configuration
Providesinstructionsonhowtoconfigurethe
EmbeddedAsteriskBusinessEditionthroughtheuse
oftheAsteriskGUI.
4
Troubleshooting Explainsresolutionstocommonproblemsand
frequentlyaskedquestionspertainingtotheunit.
A
PinAssignments Liststheconnectorsandpinassignments.
B
Specifications Detailsunitspecifications.
C
LicenseAgreement DigiumEnd-UserPurchaseandLicenseAgreement
D
Glossaryand
Acronyms
Definestermsrelatedtothisproduct.
Digium,Inc. Page6

Symbol Definitions
Cautionstatementsindicateaconditionwheredamagetotheunitor
itsconfigurationcouldoccurifoperationalproceduresarenot
followed.Toreducetheriskofdamageorinjury,followallstepsor
proceduresasinstructed.
TheESDsymbolindicateselectrostaticsensitivedevices.Observe
precautionsforhandlingdevices.Wearaproperlygrounded
electrostaticdischarge(ESD)wriststrapwhilehandlingthedevice.
TheElectricalHazardSymbolindicatesapossibilityofelectrical
shockwhenoperatingthisunitincertainsituations.Toreducethe
riskofdamageorinjury,followallstepsorproceduresas
instructed.
Digium,Inc. Page7

ImportantSafetyInstructions
Servicing.
Donotattempttoservicethisunitunlessspecificallyinstructedtodo
so.Donotattempttoremovetheunitfromyourequipmentwhile
powerispresent.Referservicingtoqualifiedservicepersonnel.
WaterandMoisture.
Donotspillliquidsonthisunit.Donotoperatethisequipmentina
wetenvironment.
Heat.
Donotoperateorstorethisproductnearheatsourcessuchas
radiators,airducts,areassubjecttodirect,intensesunlight,orother
productsthatproduceheat.
Warning.
Donotplaceanything(includingpaper)ontopoftheAsterisk
Appliance50.Toallowpropercooling,theseunitsmustnotbe
stacked.
Caution.
Toreducetheriskoffire,useonlyNo.26AWGorlarger
telecommunicationwiringfornetworkconnections.
StaticElectricity.
Toreducetheriskofdamagingtheunitoryourequipment,donot
attempttoopentheenclosureorgainaccesstoareaswhereyouare
notinstructedtodoso.Referservicingtoqualifiedservicepersonnel.
Emergency911
TheAsteriskAppliance50iscapableofforwardingarbitrarycaller
idstringstoVoIPserviceproviders,whichinmulti-officesetups
couldsimplybeotherAsteriskAppliance50s.CustomersofInternet
TelephonyServiceproviderstowhich911orEmergencycallsare
placedshouldensuretheirproviderproperlyforwardsthecustomer's
accessiblePSTNphonenumbertotheemergencycallhandling
center.
Savetheseinstructionsforfuturereference.
Digium,Inc. Page8

TABLEOFCONTENTS
IntroductiontoAsteriskAppliance50Documentation ...........6
Chapter1
Overview ............................................... 15
Features:............................................. 16
Chapter2
Unit Installation .......................................... 17
Unpacking theUnit ..................................... 18
InspectingYourShipment................................ 18
Identifying Communication Ports .......................... 19
UnderstandingtheLEDs................................. 19
Usingthe ConfigurationResetSwitch ...................... 23
Installingthe AsteriskAppliance 50 ........................ 24
Mountingthe AsteriskAppliance50 .. . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 27
Chapter3
TelephoneSystem Configuration ........................... 29
LogOnto theAsteriskAppliance50 ........................ 31
TheAsterisk Appliance50Interface . ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 32
AnalogHardwareConfiguration ... . ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 35
TrunkConfiguration .................................... 40
AnalogTrunks......................................... 41
Outgoing Calling Rules . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 55
Dial Plans ............................................ 59
Digium,Inc. Page9

TableOfContents
User Extensions ....................................... 61
Ring Groups .......................................... 68
Musicon Hold ......................................... 70
Call Queues . . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 72
AgentLoginSettings.................................... 77
VoiceMenus .......................................... 78
RecordaVoice Menu . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 85
TimeIntervals ......................................... 87
Incoming Calling Rules . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 89
Voicemail ............................................ 93
Paging/Intercom ....................................... 97
Conferencing ........................................ 101
FollowMe ........................................... 104
Directory ............................................ 110
Call Features ........................................ 112
VoicemailGroups ..................................... 122
System Info.......................................... 123
Networking .......................................... 124
G.729Codec......................................... 127
Backup ............................................. 130
Update ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . 131
Options ............................................. 134
Chapter4
Troubleshooting ........................................ 140
AppendixA
Digium,Inc. Page10

TableOfContents
Pin Assignments ........................................ 141
AppendixB
Specifications .......................................... 145
AppendixC
AsteriskAppliance50(AA50)LicenseAgreement ............ 147
AppendixD
Glossaryand Acronyms .................................. 208
Digium,Inc. Page11

ListofFigures
Figure1: TheAsteriskAppliance50(AA50) .............. 17
Figure2: ExampleAsteriskAppliance50PortIdentification .. 22
Figure 3: AsteriskAppliance50BackView ............... 24
Figure 4: MountingInstructions.. . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 27
Figure 5: GUILogin ..... . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 31
Figure 6: System StatusPage ... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 32
Figure 7: ConfigureHardware ......................... 35
Figure 8: TrunkConfiguration Page . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 40
Figure 9: NewAnalogTrunkDefinition .................. 41
Figure 10: EditAnalogTrunkDefinition ....... ...... ...... 45
Figure 11: AddNewServiceProvider .................... 47
Figure 12: Edit VoIPServiceProvider .................... 48
Figure13: CreateNewSIP/IAXTrunkDefinition ............ 50
Figure 14: EditVoIPTrunk..... . ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 52
Figure 15: OutboundCallingRules ... . . . .... . . .... . . . ... 55
Figure 16: NewCallingRule ........................... 56
Figure 17: Create NewDialPlan ........................ 59
Figure 18: UserExtensions .... . ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 61
Figure 19: CreateNewUser ... . ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 62
Figure 20: NewRingGroup ............................ 68
Figure 21: MusiconHold . ..... . ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 70
Figure 22: NewCallQueue . . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 72
Figure 23: Default Voice Menu ... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 78
Figure24: CustomVoiceMenuPromptsPage ............. 85
Figure 25: RecordMenu Prompts ....................... 85
Figure 26: UploadMenuPrompts ..... . . ..... . ..... . . ... 86
Figure 27: NewTimeInterval ........................... 87
Figure 28: IncomingCallingRules .... . . . .... . . .... . . . ... 89
Digium,Inc. Page12

ListofFigures
Figure 29: IncomingCallingRules .... . . . .... . . .... . . . ... 90
Figure 30: Voicemail ................................. 93
Figure 31: Paging/Intercom ............................ 97
Figure 32: NewPage/Intercom Group ..... . . .... . . ..... . . 98
Figure33: SettingsforPagingIndividualExtensions......... 99
Figure 34: Paging &IntercomSettings .................. 100
Figure 35: NewConferenceBridge ..................... 101
Figure 36: FollowMe ................................ 104
Figure 37: NewFollowMe Definition .................... 106
Figure 38: FollowMe Options ......................... 108
Figure 39: DirectorySettings .......................... 110
Figure 40: FeatureCodes ............................ 112
Figure 41: Call ParkingPreferences .................... 116
Figure 42: Application Map ........................... 118
Figure 43: Dial Options .............................. 120
Figure 44: NewVoicemailGroup ....................... 122
Figure 45: System Information ......................... 123
Figure 46: Networking ............................... 124
Figure 47: G.729CodecRegistration ..... . . .... . . ..... . 127
Figure48: G.729CodecLicenseInformation ............. 128
Figure 49: Backup Page ............................. 130
Figure 50: AsteriskAppliance50 Update... . . .... . . ..... . 131
Figure 51: Polycom Update ........................... 132
Figure 52: AsteriskAppliance50Options ................ 134
Figure A-1: BackPanel Ports . .... . . ..... . . .... . . ..... . 141
Digium,Inc. Page13

ListofTables
Table A-1: CRAFT Port Pinout ......................... 142
Table A-2: RJ11AnalogPortConnector .... . . .... . . ..... . 143
Table A-3: LAN &WANEthernetPortPinouts . .... . . ..... . 144
TableB-4: Maximum12VPowerConsumption ............ 146
Digium,Inc. Page14
Chapter1
Overview
TheDigium
AsteriskAppliance50(AA50)isastandalonePBXwhich
runsEmbeddedAsteriskBusinessEdition.Itissuitableforthedesktop,
ormountinginatypicalnetworkclosetorrestrictedaccesslocation.The
AsteriskAppliance50isidealforsmallofficeenvironmentsorasan
extensiontoacentralAsteriskPBX.
TheAsteriskAppliance50canfunctionnotonlyasaPBX,butalsoasa
voicemailserver,IVRserver,conferencingserver,VoIPATA,orVoIP
gateway.IthasuptoeightanalogportswhichareconfiguredasFXOor
FXSportsdependingupontheproductmodel.Additionally,thebuiltin
fourportswitchandWANportallowittoalsoserveasabasicrouter.
TheAsteriskGUIistheinterfacefortheAsteriskAppliance50.Itgives
youtheabilitytoconfigurethebasichardwareanddialplanelementsyou
needwheninitiallysettingupyoursystem,aswellaseveryelement
neededtocustomizeyoursetup.Youmustcreatetrunks,systemusers,
conferencing,voicemail,etc.TheAsteriskGUIsupportsthefollowing
browsers:
Firefox1.5through3.0
IE7
Safari3.x
Opera9.x
Digium,Inc. Page15

Chapter1:Overview
Features:
EmbeddedAsteriskBusinessEdition
AsteriskGUI
Fourport10/100BaseTEthernetswitchwithAuto-MDI/MDI-Xcapa-
bilityforthefour10/100BaseTLANportsandone
10/100baseTWANport(both802.3/802.3u)
UptoeightanalogportssupportingeitherFXSorFXOlinesdepend-
ingonproductversion(availableproductversions:S800iwithVoIP
only,S808iwithEightFXO,andS844iwithFourFXSandFourFXO)
SIPandIAX2VoIPprotocols
CompactFlashinterface(Type1)suitableforstandardCompactFlash
cards
Configurationresetswitch
HighperformanceAnalogDevicesIncorporated(ADI)BlackFin
BF537processor
uClinuxOperatingSystem
TranscodingprovidedontheBlackfinprocessor
32ms(HardwareRevisionB)or128ms(HardwareRevisionC)ofana-
logportechocancellation
8MBonboardserialFlashmemory
64MB16bitparallelSDRAM
FrontpanelLEDs
Digium,Inc. Page16

Chapter2
UnitInstallation
Thischapterprovidesthefollowinginformation:
Unpacking the Unit onpage18
Inspecting Your Shipmentonpage18
Identifying Communication Portsonpage19
Understanding the LEDsonpage19
Using the Configuration Reset Switchonpage23
Installing the Asterisk Appliance 50onpage24
Mounting the Asterisk Appliance 50onpage27
Figure1:TheAsteriskAppliance50(AA50)
Digium,Inc. Page17
Chapter2:UnitInstallation
Unpacking the Unit
Whenyouunpackyourunit,carefullyinspectitforanydamagethatmay
haveoccurredduringshipment.Ifdamageissuspected,fileaclaimwith
thecarrierandcontactyourresellerfromwhichtheunitwaspurchasedor
DigiumTechnicalSupport(+1.256.428.6161).Keeptheoriginalshipping
containertouseforfutureshipmentorproofofdamageduringshipment.
Note: Onlyqualifiedservicepersonnelshouldinstalltheunit.Users
shouldnotattempttoperformthisfunctionthemselves.
Inspecting Your Shipment
ThefollowingitemsareincludedinshipmentoftheAsteriskAppliance
50:
AsteriskAppliance50(AA50)
CompactFlashCard
PowerSupply
PowerCable
AnalogCables(optionaldependingonmodel)
CD-ROMcontainingmanualandinstallationfiles
ProductRegistrationCard
SupportandWarrantyInformation
Digium,Inc. Page18
Identifying Communication Ports
TheAsteriskAppliance50unitconsistsofuptoeightRJ11analogports
whichareconfiguredasFXOorFXSportsdependingontheAsterisk
Appliance50model.Theseportsprovide32ms(HardwareRevisionsB)
or128ms(HardwareRevisionsC)ofanalogportechocancellation.The
unitisratedforatotalof8RENacrossallFXSports.Eachindividual
portisratedforupto3REN@1500ft(450m).
Four10/100BaseTLANportsandone10/100BaseTWANportprovide
thefunctionalitytoconnecttothelocalnetworkaswellasallowingthe
AsteriskAppliance50toactasarouter.AlltheEthernetportssupport
auto-MDI-X.
SeeFigure2onpage22tolocatetheportsandtheircorrespondingLEDs.
Understanding the LEDs
Thereare15LEDsonthefrontpaneloftheAsteriskAppliance50.The
eightLEDscorrespondingtotheanalogportsontherearpanelindicate
thetypeofinterfaceinstalled.ThedefinitionofeachLEDanditscolor
representationisexplainedinTable1.
Digium,Inc. Page19
Table 1: LED Definitions
LED Color Description
Power Blue
(pulsing)
Onwhentheunitbootsup,afterthe
bootloadprocesshascompleted.TheLED
pulsesataratewhichisproportionaltothe
processorload.
Compact
Flash
Blue
(flashing)
Flasheseachtimethereisreadorwrite
activitytoorfromtheCompactFlashcard.
WAN Off Nolineisconnectedortheinterfaceis
inactive.
Green
(flashing)
Linkisupat100Mbps.LEDflashesat1/
10secondintervalsastrafficisdetected.
Orange
(flashing)
Linkisupat10Mbps.LEDflashesat1/10
secondintervalsastrafficisdetected.
LAN
(4ports)
Off Nolineisconnectedortheinterfaceis
inactive.
Green
(flashing)
Linkisupat100Mbps.LEDflashesat1/
10secondintervalsastrafficisdetected.
Orange
(flashing)
Linkisupat10Mbps.LEDflashesat1/10
secondintervalsastrafficisdetected.
Digium,Inc. Page20

Table 1: LED Definitions
LED Color Description
Analog
(8ports)
Off Noanalogportisinstalledinthe
correspondingport.
Green
(solid)
PortisconfiguredforFXSoperationand
isenabled.Ananalogtelephonemaybe
connectedtothisport.
Green
(flashing)
Telephoneisringing.
Green(slow
blinking)
Telephoneisinuse.
Red(solid) PortisconfiguredforFXOoperationand
isenabled.Atelephonelinemaybe
connectedtothisport.
Red
(flashing)
Telephonelineisringing.
Red(slow
blinking)
Telephonelineisinuse.
Digium,Inc. Page21
Figure2:ExampleAsteriskAppliance50PortIdentification
Digium,Inc. Page22

Using the Configuration Reset Switch
TheConfigurationReset(CFGRST)switch(rearpanel)willresetthe
currentAsteriskAppliance50configurationtothefactorydefaultswhen
pressed.Theswitchmustbepressedandheldduringthebootprocess.
Thiswillforcetheunittodeleteallconfigurationdata.Theadministrator
passwordwillalsobereset.SeeFigure3onpage24tolocatetheCFG
RSTswitch.
Caution.
PressingtheCFGRSTswitchwillcauselossofall
configurationsettingsandresetadministrationpasswords.
Digium,Inc. Page23
Power
Supply
LAN
Ports
Craft
Port
Configuration
ResetSwitch Analog
Ports
WAN
Port
Figure3:AsteriskAppliance50BackView
Installing the Asterisk Appliance 50
1. RemovetheCompactFlashcoverplateandinserttheCompactFlash
cardbeforeconnectingthepowersupply.
Caution.
TheCompactFlashisnothotswappable.TheCompactFlash
cardshouldbeinsertedbeforepoweringontheunit.Likewise,
beforeremovingtheCompactFlashcarditshouldbe
unmounted(usingtheunmountcommand)andtheAsterisk
Appliance50shouldbepoweredoff.
Digium,Inc. Page24

2. ConnectoneendofanEthernetcabletoanAsteriskAppliance50
LANport,andoneendtoanEthernetconnectiononacomputer
configuredtoobtainanIPaddressautomatically(DHCP).Thisstep
willconnectyourAsteriskAppliance50toyourcomputersothatyou
mayaccesstheAsteriskAppliance50GUIfromyourcomputer.
3. Connecttheprovidedpowercabletothepowersupply.Youcanthen
connectthepowersupplytotheAsteriskAppliance50sDCpower
connector.TheAsteriskAppliance50willimmediatelypowerononce
connectedtoapowersource.
4. UsinganAsteriskAppliance50supportedwebbrowser,opena
browserwindowandentertheIPaddressfortheAsteriskAppliance
50.ThedefaultLANIPaddressis192.168.69.1.Thedefaultusername
isadmin,andthedefaultpasswordispassword.
Note: Thefirsttimeyoulogonyouwillbepromptedtochange
yourpasswordfromthedefault.Youwillthenbepromptedtolog
onwiththenewpassword.Oncethelogonprocessiscompletethe
AsteriskGUIhomepagewillbedisplayed.
5. YoumayfinditpreferabletoenabletheAsteriskAppliance50GUIon
theWANinterfaceforeaseofuse.Onceyouhaveloggedontothe
AsteriskAppliance50,clickontheNetworkingmenu,andthenthe
WANtab.
6. SelecttheEnable GUI on WAN interfacecheckbox.
7. ClickSave,andthenclickApply Changes.Yourchangeswillbe
appliedandAsteriskwillreload.
8. AttachtheethernetcableconnectedtotheAsteriskAppliance50s
LANporttotheWANport.Connecttheotherendofthecabletothe
appropriateinternetconnection(willvarydependingonyoursetup).
ThiswillconnecttheAsteriskAppliance50totheinternet.
Digium,Inc. Page25

9. ConnecttelephonestotheanalogportsthatareconfiguredasFXS
portsandconnectphonelinestotheanalogportsthatareconfiguredas
FXOports.
10.UsinganAsteriskAppliance50supportedwebbrowser,opena
browserwindowandentertheIPaddressfortheAsteriskAppliance
50.Thedefaultusernameisadmin,andthepasswordiswillbethe
passwordyouchoseafterfirstloggingintotheAsteriskAppliance50.
11. YouarenowreadytoconfigureyourAsteriskAppliance50viathe
GUI.
Caution.
ThisunitmustbeconnectedtotheTelecommunications
Networkinyourcountryusinganapprovedlinecord,e.g.:for
AustraliauseonlylinecordscomplyingwithACATechnical
StandardTS008.
Digium,Inc. Page26
Mounting the Asterisk Appliance 50
Figure4belowillustratesthepropermountinginstallationoptions:
Figure4:MountingInstructions
Warning.
Donotplaceanything(includingpaper)ontopoftheAsterisk
Appliance50.Toallowpropercooling,theseunitsmustnotbe
stacked.
Digium,Inc. Page27

Table 2: Wall Mounting
Step InstructionsforWallMounting
1 SelecttheareatomounttheAsteriskAppliance50unit
(refertoFigure4onpage27).Theunitshouldbe
mountedatorbeloweyeleveltoproperlyviewthe
LEDs.
2 Installtwo#8PANheadscrews(11/2-inchorlonger)
intothedesiredlocationonthewall.Theyshouldbe
placedapproximately71/2-inches,or19cm,apart
horizontallyorvertically,whichisthedistancebetween
thetwokeyedinsetsonthebackoftheAsterisk
Appliance50.Makesurethatthetwoscrewsarein
alignmentandlevel.
3 Leaveapproximately1/4-inchofthescrewprotruding
fromthewalltoallowtheheadofthescrewstoslideinto
thekeyedinsets,mountingtheunittothewall.
Warning
TheAsteriskAppliance50shouldnotbemountedwiththe
LEDspointingdownward.MountingtheAsteriskAppliance50
withtheLEDspointingdownwardmaycauseadisruptionin
aircirculation,whichcouldcausetheAsteriskAppliance50to
overheat.MountingtheAsteriskAppliance50thiswaycanalso
exposetheLAN,WAN,andanalogportstopotentialdamage.
Digium,Inc. Page28
Chapter3
TelephoneSystemConfiguration
Thischapterprovidesinformationonhowtoinitiallysetupyour
telephonesystemviatheAsteriskGUI.Thefollowingtopicsare
covered:
Log On to the Asterisk Appliance 50 onpage31
The Asterisk Appliance 50 Interfaceonpage32
Analog Hardware Configurationonpage35
Trunk Configurationonpage40
Outgoing Calling Rulesonpage55
Dial Plansonpage59
User Extensions onpage61
Ring Groupsonpage68
Music on Holdonpage70
Call Queuesonpage72
Agent Login Settingsonpage77
Voice Menusonpage78
Record a Voice Menu onpage85
Time Intervalsonpage87
Incoming Calling Rulesonpage89
Voicemail onpage93
Paging/Intercomonpage97
Conferencingonpage101
Follow Meonpage104
Digium,Inc. Page29

Chapter3:TelephoneSystemConfiguration
Directoryonpage110
Call Featuresonpage112
Voicemail Groupsonpage122
System Infoonpage123
Networkingonpage124
G.729 Codeconpage127
Backup onpage130
Updateonpage131
Optionsonpage134
TheAsteriskAppliance50comeswithEmbeddedAsteriskBusiness
Edition.ThesoftwareincludestheAsteriskGUI,awebbased
configurationinterface.TheAsteriskGUIgivesyoutheabilitytosetup
yourtelephonesystemwithouttheneedtousecommandline
menuisdisplayed,givingyoutheabilitytoconfigureyoursystem,as
wellasaddfeaturestoyourcallsystemasyourneedschange.
configuration.AfterconnectingtotheAsteriskAppliance50,theprimary
Digium,Inc. Page30
Log On to the Asterisk Appliance 50
YourAsteriskAppliance50shouldalreadybeconnectedtoaninternetor
networkconnection,asdescribedinInstalling the Asterisk Appliance
50 onpage24.IntheaddressfieldofanAsteriskAppliance50supported
webbrowser,entertheIPaddressassignedtoyourAsteriskAppliance50.
ThedefaultLANIPaddressis192.168.69.1.
Figure5:GUILogin
Tologontothesystementerthefollowingcredentials:
Username:admin
Password:<password>
Thefirsttimeyoulogonyouwillbepromptedtochangeyourpassword
fromthedefault.Youshouldhavealreadychosenanewpasswordduring
theinstallationprocess.Oncethelogonprocessiscompletethe
AsteriskGUIhomepagewillbedisplayed.
Digium,Inc. Page31
The Asterisk Appliance 50 Interface
TheAsteriskGUIgivesyoutheabilitytoconfigurethebasichardware
anddialplanelementsyouneedwheninitiallysettingupyoursystem.
Youmustcreatetrunks,systemusers,conferencing,voicemail,etc.After
loggingintotheAsteriskGUI,yourepresentedwithavarietyofoptions
ontheleftsideofthepage.
Figure6:SystemStatusPage
Digium,Inc. Page32

TheAsteriskGUIsupportsthefollowingbrowsers:
Firefox1.5through3.0
IE7
Safari3.x
Opera9.x
EverypageoftheGUIhastwocolumns.Theleftcolumnidentifiesallthe
elementsforwhichyoucanprogramtheAsteriskAppliance50.The
elementslistedbeginwithSystem Status,whichisthefirstpageyousee
uponlogon,andproceeddowntoOptions.Clickinganyofthetabsonthe
leftofthepageopensthecorrespondingpageintherightcolumn.Many
pageshaveadditionalinformation.Clickontheinformationsymbol,a
blueienclosedinacircle,togetmoreinformationaboutafieldorpage.
TheSystem Status pageisthedefaultpage.Thispageshowsyouthe
currentversionoffirmwareyouareusing,thestatusofanytrunklines
youhaveconfigured,therealtimestatusandadditionaldetailsofalluser
extensions,includingthenewandoldvoicemailmessagecountforeach
userextension(e.g.Messages:new/old),andtherealtimestatusofall
agents,conferencerooms,andparkedcalls.Youcanclickonmost
extensiondefinitionstogetmoreinformation.Inaddition,theSystem
Status pagegivesyoutheabilitytologin,logout,pause,andunpausean
agentthatisassociatedwithoneormorecallqueues.
Note: AuserextensionwillhavethestatusofUnavailablewhenthe
VoIPaccountassociatedwithitisnotregisteredtotheAsterisk
Appliance50.ThestatuswillnotchangetoUnavailablewhenauser
extensionhasbothananalogportandaVoIPaccountassociatedwith
it.
IntheupperrightcornerofeachpageyouwillseetheApply Changes
andLogoutbuttons.ClickApply Changes tosaveandactivateany
Digium,Inc. Page33

changesyouhavemadeonapagesothatyoucanutilizethechanges.
ClickLogout onanypagetoexittheAsteriskAppliance50GUI.
Digium,Inc. Page34

Analog Hardware Configuration
Youmustconfigureyouranaloghardwareaccordingtotheneedsofyour
systemaspartofyourinitialAsteriskAppliance50configuration.The
Configure Hardware pagegivesyoutheabilitytoconfigurebothyour
FXSandFXOports,aswellasyourToneRegion,operationmode,
messagewaitingindicatormode(MWI),etc.ThenumberofFXSand
FXOportsavailableforconfigurationwilldependontheAsterisk
Appliance50modelyoupurchased.ClicktheConfigure Hardwaretab
toconfigureyouranaloghardware.
Note: TheConfigure Hardwaretabwillnotbeavailableifyou
orderedaVoIPonlymodel.
Figure7:ConfigureHardware
Digium,Inc. Page35

FXSandFXOportsprovidetheabilitytoreceiveandsendcallsthrough
thetraditionaltelephonenetwork,orPOTS(PlainOldTelephone
System).FXSmodulesprovidebothdialtoneandringingvoltagetoan
analogphone.FXOmodulesacceptdialtoneandprovideaninterfaceto
thetraditionalphonelines.YouplugatelephonelineintoanFXOport,
andananalogtelphoneintoanFXSport.
OnthispageyoucanspecifythesignallingtypeforyourFXSandFXO
ports.Youhavetwochoices;eitherKewlStartorLoopStart.TheLoop
Startmethodusesashorttorequestadialtone.AllNorthAmericanhome
phonelinesuseloopstartsignalling.KewlStartisthesameasLoopStart,
butisbetterabletodetectdisconnects.SelecteitherKewl StartorLoop
StartforeachFXSandFXOmodule.KewlStartisthedefaultandis
preferredforanalogcircuitsinAsterisk.
Note: GroundStartsignallingisnotsupported.
Youalsoneedtoselectatoneregion,whichdefinesthesetoftones(dial
tones,ringingtone,busytone,etc)usedinyourregion.Selectyour
country,orthenearestneighboringcountry,fromtheTone Regiondrop-
downlist.ThedefaultsettingisNorthAmerica(UnitedStates/Canada).
Digium,Inc. Page36
Advanced Analog Options
Therearealsosomeadvancedsettingswhichareappliedtoyouranalog
hardware.Specifythemasneeded,oracceptthedefaultvalues.
Opermode -Settingoperationmode,orOpermode,setstheOnHook
Speed,RingerImpedance,RingerThreshold,Currentlimiting,Tip/
Ringvoltageadjustment,MinimumOperationalLoopcurrent,andand
ACImpedanceselectionaspredefinedforeachcountriesanalogline
characteristics.SelectthecountryinwhichyourAsteriskAppliance
50isoperating.
A-law Override-Settheaudiocompressionscheme.Thesettingyou
chooseisdependentonthecountryofoperation.Ulawisusedinthe
UnitedStatesandCanada.A-lawisusedinmostothercountries.If
possibleconfirmtheschemewhichwillbebestforoperationofyour
AsteriskAppliance50.
FXS Honor Mode- Thissettingletsyouchoosewhetheryouapply
theopermodesettingtoyourFXOmodulesonly,ortobothFXSand
FXOmodules.
Boostringer -Setthevoltageusedforringingananalogphone.Nor-
malwillsetringvoltagetoanormallevel,orPeak willsetthevoltage
to89v.
Fast Ringer-Thefastringertonecanbesettonormal,ortoa25hz
tone.
Lowpower-Thelowpowersettingcanbesettonormal,ortoaFast
Ringerpeakof50v.
Ring Detect - UserswhoareexperiencingtroubledetectingCallerID
fromAnalogserviceprovidersorwhoselinesexhibitapolarityrever-
salbeforeCallerIDistransmittedfromtheprovidershouldselectFull
Wave.Otherwise,chooseStandard.
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MWI Mode-ThisoptionallowstheusertospecifythetypeofMes-
sageWaitingIndicatordetectiontobedoneontrunk(FXO)interfaces.
Theoptionsarenone,whichperformsnodetection,FSKwhichper-
formsFrequencyShiftKeydetection,orNEON whichperformNeon
MWIdection.Thedefaultvalueisnone.
Echo Cancellation NLP Type-Thisoptionallowsyoutospecifythe
typeofNonLinearProcessoryouwantappliedtothepostecho-can-
celledaudioreflectionsreceivedfromanalogconnections.Thereare
severaloptions:
None- ThissettingdisablesNLPprocessingandisnotarecom-
mendedsetting.Undermostcircumstances,choosingNonewill
causesomeresidualecho.
Mute- ThissettingcausestheNLPtomuteinboundaudiostreams
whileauserconnectedtotheapplianceisspeaking.Forusersin
quietenvironments,Mutemaybeacceptable.
Random Noise-ThissettingcausestheNLPtoinjectrandomnoise
tomasktheechoreflection.Forusersinnormalenvironments,Ran-
dom Noisemaybeacceptable.
Hoth Noise-ThissettingcausestheNLPtoinjectalow-endGauss-
iannoisewithafrequencyspectrumsimilartovoice.Forusersin
normalenvironments,Hoth Noisemaybeacceptable.
Suppression NLP -ThissettingcausestheNLPtosuppressecho
reflectionsbyreducingtheamplitudeoftheirvolume.Suppression
maybeusedincombinationwiththeEcho cancellation NLP Max
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Suppressionoption.Forusersinloudenvironments,Suppression
NLPmaybethebestoption.ThisisthedefaultsettingfortheEcho
Cancellation NLP Typeoption.
Echo Cancellation NLP Threshold-Thisoptionallowsyoutospec-
ifythethreshold,indBdifferencebetweenthereceivedaudio(post
echocancellation)andthetransmittedaudio,forwhentheNLPwill
engage.Thedefaultsettingis24dB.
Echo Cancellation NLP Max Suppression - Thisoption,onlyfunc-
tionalwhentheEcho Cancellation NLP Type optionissettoSup-
pression NLP,specifiesthemaximumamountofdBthattheNLP
shouldattenuatetheresidualecho.LowernumbersmeanthattheNLP
willprovidelesssuppression(theresidualechowillsoundlouder).
Highernumbers,especiallythoseapproachingorequalingtheEcho
Cancellation NLP Threshold option,willnearlymutetheresidual
echo.Thedefaultsettingis24dB.
Note: TheVPMSettingssectionwillnotbevisibleonolderhardware
revisionsoftheAsteriskAppliance50.
Onceyouhavemadetheconfigurationchangestoyourhardwarewhich
yourequire,clickSave Changes.Amessagewilldisplaylettingyou
knowthatinorderforthesechangestobecompleted,youmustreboot
yourAsteriskAppliance50.ClickOptions ontheleftmenu,selectthe
Reboottab,andthenclickReboot Nowtorebootyourappliance.
RebootingyourAsteriskAppliance50willterminateanyactivecalls.
Digium,Inc. Page39

Trunk Configuration
Nowthatyouhaveconfiguredyouranaloghardware(assumingyourunit
hadany)youarereadytosetupyourtrunklines.Trunksareoutbound
linesusedtomakecalls.TrunkscanbeeitheranalogorVoIP.Click
Trunksfromthemainmenutoaccessthetrunkconfigurationpage.
Figure8:TrunkConfigurationPage
Trunkdefinitionsareusedincallingrules,dialplans,andcallrouting,etc.
YoucanuseamixtureofbothanalogandVoIPtrunks.
Digium,Inc. Page40
Analog Trunks
SelecttheAnalog TrunkstabtoaccesstheManage Analog Trunks
page.Hereyoucancreateananalogtrunkdefinitionforeachanalogport
onyourAsteriskAppliance50.ClickNew Analog Trunktoopenthe
NewAnalogTrunkdefinitionpage.
Figure9:NewAnalogTrunkDefinition
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Usethefollowingfielddefinitionsasaguideincreatingyournewanalog
trunkdefinition.
Channels-Selectoneormoreanalogchannel(port)tobeassociated
withthistrunk.
Trunk Name - Specifyauniquenametohelpyouidentifythistrunk
whenitisreferredtoinotherareassuchascallingrules.
Busy Detection- Thissettingisusedtodetectfarendhanguporfor
detectingbusysignal.SelectYestoenablethisfeature.
Busy Count -IfBusyDetectionisenableditisalsopossibletospec-
ifyhowmanybusytonestowaitforbeforehangingup.Thedefaultis
4,butbetterresultsmaybeachievedbysettingto6or8.Thehigher
thenumber,thelongeritwilltaketohangupachannel.Ahighernum-
beralsolowersthepossibilityoffalsedetections.
Busy Pattern-IfBusyDetectionisenabled,itisalsopossibleto
specifythecadenceofyourbusysignal.Inmanycountriesitis500
millisecondson,500millisecondsoff.WithoutBusyPatternspecified,
theAsteriskAppliance50willacceptanyregularsound-silencepat-
ternthatrepeatsmultipletimesasabusysignal.IfyouspecifyBusy
Pattern,thentheAsteriskAppliance50willcheckthelengthofthe
sound(tone)andsilence,whichwillfurtherreducethechanceofa
falsepositive.
Ring Timeout-Trunk(FXO)devicesmusthaveatimeouttodeter-
mineiftherewasahangupbeforethelinewasanswered.Thisvalue
canbeconfiguredtoshortenhowlongittakesbeforetheAsterisk
Appliance50considersanon-ringinglinetohavehungup.
Answer on Polarity Switch - Ifthisoptionisenabledthereceptionof
apolarityreversalwillmarkwhenanoutgoingcallisansweredbythe
remoteparty.
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Hangup on Polarity Switch -Insomecountries,apolarityreversalis
usedtosignalthedisconnect(orhangup)onaphoneline.Ifthe
HanguponPolaritySwitchoptionisenabled,thecallwillbeconsid-
eredhunguponapolarityreversal.
Call Progress - Ontrunkinterfacesitcanbeusefultofollowtheprog-
ressofacallthroughRinging,Busy,andAnswering.Ifturnedon,Call
Progressattemptstodetermineanswer,busy,andringingonphone
lines.Thisfeatureishighly experimentalandcaneasilydetectfalse
answersandhang-ups.Thismaycauseahangupduringthemiddleof
acall.Fewzonesaresupported,butcanbeselectedwiththeProgress
Zoneoption.
Progress Zone- Thisoptiondefinesthecallprogresszoneforthe
trunkinterfaces.
Use CallerID-IfthisoptionisenabledCallerIDdetectionisalso
enabled.
Caller ID Start -Thisoptionallowsonetodefinethestartofacaller
IDsignal.SelectRing fromthedrop-downlisttostartcallerIDwhen
aringisreceived,orPolarity,tostartcallerIDwhenapolarityrever-
salisdetected.
Caller ID-ThisoptionallowsthelinestoreportthecallerIDstringas
receivedfromthetelco,orasafixedvaluebyusingtheadvanced
option.
Pulse Dial-Ifthisoptionisenabled,pulsedialing,insteadofDTMF,
willbeused.
CID Signalling-ThisoptiondefinesthetypeofcallerIDsignallingto
use.
bell- Bell202asusedintheUnitedStates
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v23- UsedintheUK
v23_jp- UsedinJapan
dtmf - UsedinDenmark,Sweden,andHolland
Mailbox - Thissettingallowsanymessagewaitingindicatorreceived
acrosstheassociatedtrunktobeforwardedtoalocalUser,suchasa
SIPphone.
Flash Timing-FlashTimingdefinestheduration,inmilliseconds,
thatAsteriskwilluseifitissendingaflashsignaltoanothersystem.
Receive Flash Timing-ReceiveFlashTimingdefinestheduration,in
milliseconds,thatAsteriskrequiresinordertoconsideraflashopera-
tionitreceivestobevalid.
OnceyouhavecompletedtheAnalogTrunkdefinition,clickAdd. A
messagewilldisplaylettingyouknowthatinorderforthesechangesto
becompleted,youmustrebootyourAsteriskAppliance50.Beforedoing
so,youmaywishtoclicktheEditbuttonassociatedwithananalogtrunk
toconfigureadditionaloptionsfortuningtheaudio.
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Figure10:EditAnalogTrunkDefinition
TheAudio Tuningsectionwillallowyoutocalibrateyouranalogports
foroptimumperformance.Pleaseensurethatyouranaloglinesare
Digium,Inc. Page45

pluggedinbeforeclickingtheEasy Calibratebutton.YourAsterisk
Appliance50mustnothaveanyactivecallsinorderforthecalibration
processtocompletesuccessfullyonallanalogports.Ifyouwishtoreset
thecalibration,clicktheReset Calibrationbutton.
Note: TheEasyCalibrationfeaturecantakeapproximately90seconds
perporttocomplete.
Inaddition,anoptiontoconfigurethegainlevelforeachportwillbe
listed.Thisoptioncanbeusedtoraiseorlowertheaudiolevelonyour
ports.Normally,youshouldnothavetoadjustyouranalogportsbeyond
theinitialcalibration.Shouldyoustillneedtofinetuneyouraudio
settings,pleaseselectoneofthefollowing:
Low
Soft
Normal
Loud
Louder
OnceyouhavecompletedtheAnalogTrunkdefinition,clickUpdate.In
orderforthesechangestobecompleted,youmustrebootyourAsterisk
Appliance50.ClickOptionsontheleftmenu,selecttheReboottab,and
thenclickReboot Nowtorebootyourappliance.Rebootingyour
AsteriskAppliance50willterminateanyactivecalls.
Digium,Inc. Page46
Adding Service Providers
YoumustconfigureaVoIPserviceproviderinordertoconnecttothe
PublicSwitchedTelephoneNetwork(PSTN)viaaVoIPconnection.
AccesstothePSTNgivesyoutheabilitytoplacecallstotelephone
numbersnomatterhowtheyconnecttothePSTN(VoIPorstandard
analogsystem).ClicktheService ProviderstabtoaddaVoIP(SIPor
IAX)serviceprovider.
Figure11:AddNewServiceProvider
ThelistofVoIPserviceprovidersandcorrespondingconfiguration
informationispulleddynamicallyfromasecureDigiumwebservice.If
youarealreadyaVoIPprovidercustomer,selecttheproviderfromthe
list,clickAdd,andinputyourusernameandpassword.Onceyouhave
addedaserviceprovideritwillappearintheServiceProviderslist.There
areEditandDeletebuttonsassociatedwitheachServiceProviderlisting.
ClickEdit tofurtherrefineyourserviceproviderdefinition.Adetailed
definitionwillbedisplayed.
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Figure12:EditVoIPServiceProvider
TheEdit Service Providerpagegivesyoutheabilitytochangeyour
callerID,aswellasselectarangeofcodecs.
Username/Password -Youwillneedtoprovideyourlogoncreden-
tialsinordertoupdateyourserviceproviderinformation.
Caller ID - ThecallerIDsenttothePSTNwillbesettothevalue
specifiedinthisfield.
Codecs - Codecsprovidetheabilityforyourvoicetobeconvertedtoa
digitalsignalandtransmittedacrosstheInternet.Thequalityofyour
callcanbeaffectedbythechoiceyoumake.Thecodecsavailableto
youwilldependonwhatissupportedbytheserviceprovideryou
choose.Youcanselecttheorderinwhichthecodecsareused.The
codecscommonlyavailableareu-law,a-law,GSM,G.726,G.722,and
G.729A.AregisteredG.729Alicenseisrequiredinordertousethe
G.729Acodec.
Digium,Inc. Page48

ClickUpdatewhenyouhavecompletedyourchanges,orCancel to
discardyourchanges.
Digium,Inc. Page49

Adding VoIP Trunks
IfyoudonothaveasubscriptionwithoneoftheVoIPproviderslisted
above,oryouhaveaspecialVoIPsetup,youcanaddacustomVoIP
trunk.ClicktheVoIP TrunkstabtoaddaVoIP(SIPorIAX)service
provider.TheCreate New SIP/IAX Trunk pagewillbedisplayed.
Figure13:CreateNewSIP/IAXTrunkDefinition
FillintheinitialSIP/IAXtrunkdefinitionwiththefollowinginformation:
Type- SelecteithertheSIPorIAXprotocol.
SIP -Identifiesthatthetrunksendsandreceivescallsusingthe
VoIPprotocolSIP.
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IAX- Identifiesthattheturnksendsandreceivescallsusingthe
VoIPprotocolIAX.
Provider Name - Enterauniquenametohelpyouidentifythistrunk
foruseincallingrules,etc.
Hostname - ThehostnameorIPaddressassignedtotheVoIPprovider
orserver.
Username/Password - Youwillneedtoprovideyourlogoncreden-
tialstotheVoIPtrunkserver.
Note: IfyourVoIPtrunkdoesnotrequireausername,youmayleave
theusernamefieldblank.
ClickAddonceyouhavecompletedyourdefinition,orCanceltodiscard
yourchanges.
OnceyouhaveaddedaVoIPtrunkitwillappearintheSIP/IAXtrunks
list.ThereareEditandDeletebuttonsassociatedwitheachVoIPtrunk
listing.ClickEdittofurtherrefineyourtrunkdefinition.
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Figure14:EditVoIPTrunk
Thefollowingoptionswillbeavailable:
Provider Name - Enterauniquenametohelpyouidentifythistrunk
foruseincallingrules,etc.
Hostname - ThehostnameorIPaddressassignedtotheVoIPprovider
orserver.
Username/Password -Youwillneedtoprovideyourlogoncreden-
tialsinordertoupdateyourserviceproviderinformation.
Codecs - Codecsprovidetheabilityforyourvoicetobeconvertedtoa
digitalsignalandtransmittedacrosstheInternet.Thequalityofyour
callcanbeaffectedbythechoiceyoumake.Thecodecsavailableto
youwilldependonwhatissupportedbytheserviceprovideryou
Digium,Inc. Page52

choose.Youcanselecttheorderinwhichthecodecsareused.The
codecscommonlyavailableareu-law,a-law,GSM,G.726,G.722,and
G.729A.AregisteredG.729Alicenseisrequiredinordertousethe
G.729Acodec.
Caller ID - Thisisthenumberthetrunkwilltrytousewhenmaking
outboundcalls.ForsomeprovidersitisnotpossibletosettheCall-
erIDwiththisoption.Thusthisoptionmaybeignored.Whenmaking
outboundcallsthefollowingrulesareusedtodeterminewhichCaller
IDisused,iftheyexist:
ThefirstCallerIDusedistheGlobalCIDdefinedintheOptions
tab.
TheCallerIDsetintheVoIP Trunksconfiguration,ifdefined,
takesprecedenceovertheGlobalCID.
TheCallerIDsetfortheusermakingthecallasdefinedinthe
Users pagewilltakeprecedenceovertheGlobalCIDandtheCID
setinVoIPtrunks.
From Domain-Ifrequiredbyyourprovider,specifyyourprimary
domainidentitytoshowinthedomainfieldoftheFromheaderfor
outgoingSIPinvites.Otherwise,onlyyourIPaddresswillbesentin
theFromheader.
From User -Ifrequiredbyyourprovider,specifytheusertoshowin
theuserfieldoftheFromheaderforoutgoingSIPinvites.Otherwise,
onlyyourIPaddresswillbesentintheFromheader.
Insecure - ThisisaSIPparameterusedtodeterminepeermatching.
Thesettingdetermineswhetherornotaninsecureconnectionwillbe
allowed,orifauthenticationisrequired.Thevalidoptionsare:
port-EnterthisvaluetomatchagainstonlyanIPaddress.Thisset-
tingisusefulifyouhavemultipleendpointsbehindaNATdevice.
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very-Specifythisvalueifyoudonotwanttorequireauthentication
uponaninitialinvite.
no -Specifythisvalueifyoudonotwanttoallowaninsecurecon-
nection.
Enable Remote MWI - Whenyouselectthisoption,youenable
voicemailfromyourremoteprovider.Typicallyausersvoicemailis
storedlocallyontheAsteriskAppliance50.Thenotificationofnew
voicemailisprovidedbythesamelocalAsteriskAppliance50.Ifyou
wouldliketoreceivevoicemailnotificationsfromaremoteprovider,
thisoptionisavailable.Toenablethisoption,clickthecheckbox,and
intheRemoteMailBoxfield,specifytheremotemailboxnumberor
identitytowhichyouwishtosubscribe,e.g.6001.Selectthelocaluser
whoshouldreceivethisMWInotification.Pleasenote:enablingthis
optionforalocaluserwilldisablethelocalusersAsteriskAppliance
50voicemail.Itisnotpossibletoprovidelocalvoicemailandremote
MWIsimultaneously.
ClickAddwhenyouhavecompletedyourchanges,orCancel todiscard
yourchanges.
Digium,Inc. Page54

Outgoing Calling Rules
Anoutgoingcallingrulepairsanextensionpatternwithatrunkusedto
dialthepattern.Thisallowsdifferentpatternstobedialedthrough
differenttrunks(e.g."local"7-digitdialsthroughananaloglinebut"long
distance"10-digitdialsthroughalow-costSIPtrunk).Youcanoptionally
setafailovertrunktousewhentheprimarytrunkfails.TheOutgoing
CallingRulesgiveyoutheabilitytousebasicpatternmatchingto
differentiateoutboundcallsandroutethemaccordingly.Thetabdisplays
eachoutgoingcallingruleestablishedandtheserviceprovidersassigned.
Figure15:OutboundCallingRules
Note: Outbound Calling Rulesmanagesonlyindividualoutgoing
callrules.SeetheDial Planssectiontoassociatemultipleoutgoing
callingrulestobeusedforUseroutbounddialing.
TheCallingRulesmenushowseveryrulenameestablished,thepattern
therulewillmatchagainst,thetrunkusedtocompletethecall,andthe
failovertrunktobeused.ofcall.Severaldefaultcallingruleswillbe
availablewhenyouinitiallysetupyourAsteriskAppliance50.Clickon
Digium,Inc. Page55

Add a Calling Rule todefineanewcallingrule.Thefollowingdialog
willbedisplayed.
Figure16:NewCallingRule
Acallingruleiscomprisedofthefollowingitems:
Calling Rule Name - Chooseanamethatdescribesthetypeofrule
youarecreating,e.g.LocalorLongDistance.
Pattern- ThePatternfieldgivesyoutheabilitytousebasicpattern
matchingtodifferentiatecallsandroutethemaccordingly.For
instance,ifanumberbeginswith_9256,andisfollowedby7ormore
digits,thatwoulddefineacallwithinthestateofAlabama.Ifacall
beganwith_9followedby7digits,itwouldbealocalcallthatproba-
Digium,Inc. Page56

blydoesntrequirealongdistancecharge.Insteadofaddingarulefor
everyextensionorphonenumberyoucall,specifythepatterninthis
rulesimilartotheexample.Allpatternsbeginwiththeunderscore_
character.Therearespecialcharacterswhichcanbeusedinpatterns:
X -Anydigitfrom0-9
Z -Anydigitfrom1-9
N - Anydigitfrom2-9
[1,2,3,6-9]-Anydigitwithinthebrackets,inthisinstance1,2,3,6,
7,8, 9.
.- Theperiodisthewildcardwhichwillmatchanythingremaining.
Forexample,_9011.matchesanythingstartingwith9011.
! -Theexclamationpointisawildcardwhichcausesthematching
processtocompleteassoonasitcandeterminethatnoother
matchesarepossible.
Send to Local Destination -Callsmatchingthepatternspecifiedwill
beroutedtothedestinationspecifiedinDestinationifthischeckbox
isselected.
Destination -Specifyadestination,suchasvoicemailormainmenu,
forcallstoberoutedtowhentheSend to Local Destinationcheck-
boxisselected.
Use Trunk - Specifythetrunkthroughwhichcalls,matchingthespec-
ifiedpattern,willbeplaced.
Strip - Thisoptiongivesyoutheabilitytoremovespecifiednumberof
digitsfromthefrontofthecallstringbeforethecallisdialedand
placedthroughthetrunkspecifiedinUse Trunk.
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Prepend These Digits - Thisoptiongivesyoutheopportunitytoadd
digitstothefrontofthecallstringbeforethecallisdialedandplaced
throughthefailovertrunk.Forexample,a3digitareacodecouldbe
prependedtoa7digitstringforcallstoaserviceproviderwhich
requires10digitdialing.
Note: Youmayalsoprependthewcharacterforanalogtrunksto
providea500msdelaybeforedialing.Thisisusefulifyour
telecommunicationsproviderdoesnotimmediatelyprovidedialtone
aftergoingoffhook.
Use Failover Trunk - Failovertrunkscanbeusedtoensurethatacall
goesthroughiftheprimarytrunkisbusyordown.IftheUse Failover
TrunkcheckboxisselectedandFail Over Trunkisspecified,then
callsthatcannotbeplacedthroughtheprimarytrunkwillbeplaced
throughthisalternateroute.IfyourprimarytrunkisaVoIPtrunk,but
youwantcallstobeplacedthroughthePSTNwhentheVoIPtrunk
isntavailable,thenthisoptionwillsuityourneeds.
OnceyouhavecompletedthecallingruledefinitionclickSavetoaccept
theruleorCancel toabandonyourchanges.ClickApply Changesinthe
upperrightcornerofthepagetomakeyourchangesimmediately
available.ClickEditnexttoaruleonthecallingrulelisttoedita
previouslydefinedrule,orDeletetodeletetherule.
Digium,Inc. Page58

Dial Plans
ADial Plan isacollectionofOutgoingCallingRules.DialPlansare
assignedtouserextensionstospecifythedialingpermissionsassociated
withthatextension.Forexample,youmighthaveoneDialPlanforlocal
callingthatonlypermitsextensionsassociatedwiththatDialPlantodial
localnumbers,viathe"local"outgoingcallingrule.Anotherextension
maybepermittedtodiallongdistancenumbers,andsowouldhaveaDial
Planthatincludesboththe"local"and"longdistance"outgoingcalling
rules.
ClickNew atthetopoftheCalling Rules pageandcreateanewdialplan
name.Youcanthenaddcallingrulesforthatdialplandefinition.
Figure17:CreateNewDialPlan
Thedefaultdialplan,thecollectionofyourcallingrules,is
Default_Dialplan.Youcancreatemorethanonedialplan,especiallyif
youwanttohavedifferentdialplansfordifferentuserextensions.Change
theDialPlanName,andthenselectthecheckboxforeachOutgoing
Calling Rule associatedwiththisplan.Youcanalsoselectwhichlocal
contexts,suchasconferences,voicemenu,andqueuesshouldbepartof
thedialplan.
OnceyouhavecompletedthedialplandefinitionclickSavetoacceptthe
plan,orCanceltoabandonyourchanges.ClickApply Changesinthe
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upperrightcornerofthepagetomakeyourchangesimmediately
available.ClickEditnexttoadialplanonthelistlisttoeditapreviously
definedplan,orDeletetodeleteadialplan.
Digium,Inc. Page60

User Extensions
TheUserExtensionspageisusedtocreateindividualuseraccountson
thesystem.Eachuserdefinitionincludesanextension,name,password,
etc.Userextensiondefinitionsarethebasiccomponentsofyourphone
system.Theyareneededforvoicemail,conferencing,callqueues,dial
plans,etc.ClicktheUsers tabtoviewthemainUserExtensionspage.
Figure18:UserExtensions
Themainpagelistsallpreviouslycreateduserextensions.Youcanedit
individualusersaswellaschangeattributesofseveralusersatthesame
time.Yourfirststepwhensettingupanewsystemwillbetocreateoneor
moreusers.ClickCreate New Usertocreateanewuserextension.
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Figure19:CreateNewUser
Extension -Thenumberedextension,e.g.6000,assignedtothe
defineduser.Theextensionmustbeanumberwithintherangespeci-
fiedinExtension Preferences ontheOptionspage.
Name - Thefirstandlastnameoftheindividualassignedtothis
extension.Thenamecanalsobethatofadepartment,suchasSalesor
Support,forexample.ThisisimportantbecausetheDialByName
DirectoryfunctionofAsteriskusesthisinformationtoroutecalls.
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Dial Plan - ThisoptionreferencestheDialPlansoptionontheleft
toolbar.Basedonthecallingrulesyouvecreated,youcanrestrictthe
outbounddialingofthisextensiontolocalcalls,emergencycalls,and
standardlong-distancecallsforNorthAmerica.Thisoptionalsopossi-
blyallowsblockingorallowinginternational(011prefixdialed)calls.
Caller ID -IdentifiestheCallerIDpresentedwhenthelistedexten-
siondialsaninternalextension.
Outbound Caller ID -IdentifiestheCallerIDpresentedwhenthe
listedextensiondialsanextenalnumber.Yourabilitytomanipulate
youroutboundCIDmaybelimitedbyyourVoIPprovider.Manipula-
tionofCIDacrossanalogtrunksisnotpossible.
Enable Voicemail - Buildsavoicemailboxfortheextensionthatcan
bereachedbydialingtheCheckVoicemailextension.TheVoicemail
extensioncanbeconfigured.Thecurrentdefaultis6050.
Voice Mail Access Pin Code - Thepasswordusedtoaccessvoicemail
forthespecifiedextension.
E-mail Address - Voicemailsreceivedbythisextensioncanbesent
asaudiofileattachmentse-mailedtoaspecificaddress.
SIP-Identifieswhethertheextensionsendsandreceivescallsusing
theVoIPprotocolSIP.
IAX - Identifieswhethertheextensionsendsandreceivescallsusing
theVoIPprotocolIAX.
Analog Station - Adrop-downmenuisavailabletoidentifytheana-
logphoneportwhichthisextensionwillaccess.Ifmorethanone
phoneisconnectedtoyourAsteriskAppliance50youmayneedto
confirmtheportnumberlistedonthebackoftheAsteriskAppliance
50.
Flash -FlashTimingdefinestheduration,inmilliseconds,thatAster-
iskwilluseifitissendingaflashsignaltoanothersystem.
Digium,Inc. Page63

RXFlash-ReceiveFlashTimedefinestheduration,inmilliseconds,
thatAsteriskrequiresinordertoconsideraflashoperationthatit
receivestobevalid.
Codec Preference- Codecsprovidetheabilityforyourvoicetobe
convertedtoadigitalsignalandtransmittedacrosstheInternet.The
qualityofyourcallcanbeaffectedbythechoiceyoumake.The
codecsavailabletoyouwilldependonwhatissupportedbytheser-
viceprovideryouchoose.Youcanselecttheorderinwhichthecodecs
areused.Thecodecscommonlyavailableareu-law,a-law,GSM,
G.726,G.722,andG.729A.AregisteredG.729Alicenseisrequiredin
ordertousetheG.729Acodec.
MAC Address-TheMACAddressfieldisusedtospecifytheMAC
addressofaPolyComphoneconnectedtotheAsteriskAppliance50.
TheMACaddressassociatesthephonewiththisextensionand
enablestheauto-synchronizationofprovisioninginformation.
Line Number - PolycombrandVoIPphonesarecapableofservicing
1to6separateVoIPphonelines,dependingonthemodelofthe
phone.IfyouareusingthePolycomAuto-provisioningfeatureofthe
AsteriskAppliance50,thisoptioncanbeusedtodefinewhichlineof
yourphonewillbeusedbytheuser.Nomorethanoneusercanbe
assignedtoalineonaphone.
Note: EachphonemustbeconfiguredwithauserthathasLine
Numbersetto1.Additionally,assignedlinenumbersmustbeina
contiguousrange.
Line Keys -PolycombrandVoIPphonesincludemultiplelinekeys.
Thenumberoflinekeysavailablewilldependonthemodelofthe
phone.IfyouareusingthePolycomAuto-provisioningfeatureofthe
AsteriskAppliance50,thisoptioncanbeusedtodefinehowmany
linekeysonthephoneshouldbeassociatedwiththisuser(e.g.Lets
Digium,Inc. Page64

saysyouconfigureasinglePolycomphonewithtwousers.User6000
withLineNumbersetto1andLineKeysetto2willdisplayuser6000
onlinekeys1and2onthephone.User6001withthesameMAC,
LineNumbersetto2,andLineKeysetto4willdisplayuser6001on
linekeys3,4,5and6onthephone.).Besurenottoselectmoreline
keysthanyourphonesupports.
SIP/IAX Password - ThepasswordusediftheuserhasaSIP/IAX
account.
NAT-TrythissettingwhenyourAsteriskAppliance50isonapublic
IP,communicatingwithdevicesbehindaNATdevice(broadband
router).Ifyouhaveone-wayaudioproblems,youusuallyhaveprob-
lemswithyourNATconfigurationoryourfirewall'sconfigurationof
SIPandRTPports.
Can Reinvite-Bydefault,theAsteriskAppliance50willroutethe
mediastreamsfromSIPendpointsthroughitself.Enablingthisoption
causestheAsteriskAppliance50toattempttonegotiatetheendpoints
toroutethemediastreamdirectly.Itisnotalwayspossibleforthe
AsteriskAppliance50tonegotiateendpoint-to-endpointmediarout-
ing.ThisoptioncanbeusedtotelltheAsteriskAppliance50whether
ornottoissueareinvitetotheclient.
DTMF Mode-SetthedefaultDTMFmodeforsendingDTMF(touch
tone).Thedefaultsettingisrfc2833.Otheroptionsinclude:
info- UsedtodisplaySIPInfomessages
inband -Inbandaudio(requires64kbitcodec-alaw,ulaw)
auto- Userfc2833ifoffered,inbandotherwise.
Insecure-InsecureisaSIPparameterusedtodeterminepeermatch-
ing.Thesettingdetermineswhetherornotaninsecureconnectionwill
beallowed,orifauthenticationisrequired.Thevalidoptionsare:
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port-EnterthisvaluetomatchagainstonlyanIPaddress.Thisset-
tingisusefulifyouhavemultipleendpointsbehindaNATdevice.
invite- EnterthisvaluetomatchagainstboththeIPaddressand
portnumberprovidedintheContactfieldoftheSIPheader.Acall
willbeallowedwithoutauthenticationifamatchisfound.
very-Specifythisvalueifyoudonotwanttorequireauthentication
uponaninitialinvite.
no -Specifythisvalueifyoudonotwanttoallowaninsecurecon-
nection.
3-Way Calling - Allowstheextensiontoreceiveacallandthendial
outtoanotherphonenumbertoconferencewiththeinboundcalland
therecipientoftheoutboundcall.
In Directory - Checkthisoptionifyouwantausertobesearchable
usingthesystemtelephonedirectory.
Call Waiting - Ifcallwaitingisnotenabled,theextensionaccepts
onlyonecallbeforeitisidentifiedasbusy.
CTI - Selectingthisoption(ComputerTelephonyIntegration)allows
theusertoconnectapplicationstotheAsteriskManagementInterface.
Is Agent - Callqueuingismadeupofabankofagentswhoreceive
calls.AnextensionlistedasIsAgentcanbeaddedtoqueuesfromthe
CallQueuesoption.
Pickup Group - APickup Groupisagroupofuserextensions.Each
memberofapickupgroupcanansweranothermembersphoneby
dialing*8.Selectthepickupgrouptoassociatewiththeuserexten-
sion.
OnceyouhavecompletedtheuserextensiondefinitionclickSaveto
acceptthedefinition,orCanceltoabandonyourchanges.ClickApply
Changesintheupperrightcornerofthepagetomakeyourchanges
Digium,Inc. Page66

immediatelyavailable.ClickEditnexttoauserextensiononthelistto
editapreviouslydefinedextension,orDeletetodeletetheuserdefinition.
Editing Multiple User Definitions
Youcaneditmultipleuserdefinitionsbyselectingoneormoreusers
checkboxesandthenclickModify Selected Users.Youwillbeableto
editthedefinitionattributescommontoalluserssuchasDialPlan,
voicemailPIN,orPickupGroupsetting.ClickUpdatetoupdatethe
selectedusers,orCanceltoabandonyourchanges.Youcanalsodelete
multipleusersbyselectingoneormoreusersfromthedisplayedlistand
clickingDelete Selected Users.ClickOK tocompletethedeletion,or
Cancel.
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Ring Groups
Ringgroupsallowagroupofphones,ordevices,toringsimultaneously
orinsequence(ringorder).Thisprovidestheopportunityformultiple
peopletoansweracall(ringall)oronepersoncanansweracallfromany
phone.TheAsteriskAppliance50doesnotcomewithadefaultring
group.TocreateanewringgroupclickNew Ring Groupatthetopofthe
Ring Groups page.
Figure20:NewRingGroup
Note: Youneedatleastonemembertobeabletodefinearinggroup.
Youwillnotbeabletodefinearinggroupwithoutanyuser
extensions.
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Tocreatearinggroup,usethefollowingprocedure.
1. DefinetheNameofthegroup.Thenamecanbeanymnemonicsuch
asSalesorTechnical Support.
2. Specifyanextensiontoassociatewiththeringgroup.Thisisthe
extensionthatcanbedialedtoringallmembersofthegroup
simultaneouslyorinorderoflisting.
Note: GotoOptions, General Preferencestoseewhichrangeof
numbershavebeenspecifiedforringgroups.
3. ChoosethemembersoftheringgroupfromtheAvailable Userslist.
Clickonauserextensionortrunk,andthenclickthearrowpointedat
theRing Group Members listtotransfer.Selectauserextensionor
trunkintheRing Group Memberslistandthenclickthearrow
pointingtowardAvailable Userstotransfertheselecteditembackto
thelist.Clickthedoublearrowsymboltotransferallgroupmembers
backtotheAvailable Users list.
4. ChoosearinggroupstrategyfromtheStrategydrop-downlist.You
canchooseeitherRing All whichwillringallphonesinthedefined
groupsimultaneously,orRing Order whichwillringphonesin
sequencedeterminedbytheorderoftheusersortrunksinthegroup.
5. Specifythenumberofsecondsthateachphone(orallphones)should
ringbeforeringingthenextphoneinorder.
6. Lastly,determinewhichactionyouwantthesystemtotakeifnoone
answersthecall.Youcaneitherdirectthecalltothevoicemailofa
user,gotoanIVRmenu,orendthecall.
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Music on Hold
Musiconholdisthemusicplayedtoindividualsonholdorduring
conferencecallswhileconferencemembersarewaitingforthecallto
begin.TheAsteriskAppliance50comeswithadefaultgroup,orclass,of
soundfileswhichcanbeusedformusiconhold.ClickMusic on Hold
andthenselectthedefaultclasstoseethelistofdefaultsoundfiles.
Figure21:MusiconHold
Ifyouthinkthedefaultmusicisacceptable,butyoudliketogiveyour
systemamorecustomizedfeel,youcanalsouploadyourownmusicor
soundfiles.Eachfileuploadedmustbelessthan10megabytes,in8KHz
mono,andinulaw,alaw,g722,orgsmformat.Notsurehowtoconvert
youraudiotoanacceptableformat?LinuxusersshouldtrytheSoxutility,
andWindowsusersshouldlookintoAudacity.Anyconversionprogram
isacceptableaslongasthefilemeetstheuploadcriteria.
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ClickNew MOH Class tocreateanewlabelforanewgroupofmusicon
holdfiles.SelectthenewlycreatedclassfromtheMusiconHoldlist,and
thenusetheuploadformtouploadnewmusiconholdfilestothelist.
Onceyouhaveuploadedyourfiles,clickApply Changestomakethe
filesavailable.Youcannowusethemforcallqueues,parkedcalls,
conferences,etc.
Digium,Inc. Page71

Call Queues
Acallqueuelinesupcallersandallowsthemtowaittospeaktoany
groupofemployeestakingahighvolumeofcalls.Thefeatureallowsyou
tospeaktomorepeopleratherthansendcallersbacktovoicemailto
leaveamessageandreceiveacallbackwhentimepermits.
AsteriskidentifieswhichextensionsundertheUsers tabarecapableof
belongingtoacallqueuebywhethertheIs Agentoptionisselected.The
IsAgentoptionindicatesthattheuserisavailabletoanswercustomer
calls.IfacheckmarkdoesnotappearnexttoIsAgent,thatextension
wontappearinthelistofagentsintheconfigurationforthisoption.
Figure22:NewCallQueue
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TheCall Queues page,withtheQueues tabselected,liststheexisting
queues.Nonewillbelistedifyouhavenotyetcreatedaqueue.Tocreate
anewqueue,clickCreate New Queue. Usethefollowingstepstocreate
aqueue.Keepinmindthepurposeofthequeueandhowitshould
operate.
Creating a Queue
1. TheextensionforthequeuewillautomaticallypopulateintheQueue
fieldwiththenextavailableextension.Ifyouwantthenumbertobe
somethingotherthantheautomaticallychosenone,enteritinthe
Queuefield.
Note: GotoOptions, General Preferencestoseewhichrangeof
numbershavebeenspecifiedforringgroups.
2. Next,givethequeueanamethatwillbemeaningful.Thequeuewill
bereferencedbythisname,sobesuretomakeitsufficiently
descriptiveaswell.Forexample,TechnicalSupportforthetechnical
supportqueue,Sales,andsoon.
3. Younowshouldchoosethestrategyusedinyourqueuecalllogic.
UsingtheStrategy drop-downlist,chooseoneofthefollowing
optionsforroutingcalls:
Ring All-Ringseveryagentwhoisntonanactivecallwhenanew
callarrives.Thefirstagenttoanswerthecallreceivesit.
Round Robin - Everyavailableagentreceivesacallinturn,akinto
howcardsaredealtinapokergame.
Least Recent - Theagentwhohasbeenwithoutacallthelongest
receivesthenextcall.
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Fewest Calls - Theagentwhohashandledthefewestcallsreceives
thenextincomingcall.
Random - Goesbytheluckofthedraw;anyagentcanreceivethe
nextincomingcall.
RrMemory - ThisoptionisRoundRobinwithMemory.Itssimilar
toRoundRobin,butsmarteritremembersoverthecourseof
days,weeks,oryearswhichagentreceivedthelastcallsothatitcan
commencewiththenextagentinsequencewhencallsbeginagain.
4. TheAgentsboxlistsallUsersthataredesignatedasanagentthatcan
receivecallsaspartofacallqueue.AlluserslistedhavetheIs Agent
checkboxselectedontheiruserprofile.ManyUsersmaybelistedas
potentialagents,butsomemaybeassignedtoasalesqueueandsome
foraservicequeue.Thisboxlistsallagentsandenablesyoutochoose
whichusersyouassigntothequeue.
Youhavenowfilledinthebasicinformationnecessarytocreateacall
queue.Thereareadditionalqueueoptionsavailabletocontrolthetiming
andmanagingofthecalls,aswellastheagents.Youmaynotwantto
workwiththesefinerpointsofcallqueuinguntilafteryourcallqueuehas
beenworkingforawhile,andyouhaveanideaofcallvolumeandthe
turnoverofcallsbyeachagent.
Music on Hold -Selectthemusiconholdclasstoassociatewiththis
callqueue.MusiconholdcanbemanagedontheMusic on Hold
page.
Join Empty - Thisoptionallowscallerstoenteraqueueevenifno
agentsareloggedintoit.Therearethreeoptionsavailable:
Yes-Callerscanjoinaqueuewithnoagentsoronlyunavailable
agents.
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No- Callerscannotjoinaqueuewithnoagents.Thisisthedefault
option.
Strict -Callerscannotjoinaqueuewithnoagentsorifallagents
areunavailable.
Leave When Empty - ThisoptionmirrorstheJoinEmpty,butitrep-
resentsaqueueinwhichagentshadbeenloggedinbutarenowgone.
At5:00pm,whenyouremployeesgohome,youcanprogramthe
queuetoshutdownwhentheagentslogout.Theexistingcallersin
queueareforcedtoexit,andnonewcallersaregrantedaccesstothe
queue.Therearethreeoptionsavailable:
Yes-Callersareforcedoutofaqueuewhennoagentsareloggedin.
No-Callerswillremaininaqueuewithnoagents.
Digium,Inc. Page75

Strict -Callersareforcedoutofaqueuewithnoagentsloggedin,
orifallagentsloggedinareunavailable.Thisisthedefaultoption.
Timeout - Thedefaultforthisoptionis15,representing15seconds
thatanagentsphonewillringbeforethecallisforwardedonto
anotheragent.
Wrapup Time - Thisisabufferoftimeallowingyouragentstofinish
workononecallandremainunavailableinthequeue.Thedefaulton
thisoptionis0seconds,providingnobuffertimeforyouragentsand
allowingthenextcalltoringthroughimmediatelyafteracalliscom-
plete.
Max Len - Thisoptionsetsthemaximumnumberofcallersallowed
inthequeuebeforetheyaresenttovoicemailorreceiveabusysignal.
Thedefaultis0,whichallowsforanunlimitednumberofcallsin
queuebeforetheyaresentelsewhere.
Auto Fill - Thisoptionallowsmultiplecallsthatarriveatthesame
timetobeimmediatelyforwardedontoagents.
Auto Pause -Ifanagentfailstoansweracall,thisoptiontemporarily
postponessendingcallstothatagent.
Report Hold Time - TheReportHoldTimetellstheagenthowlong
thecallwasholdinginqueuebeforeitwassenttotheagent.Ifthehold
timewasshort,theagentwillprobablybehappytoacceptthecall.If
theholdtimewas10,15,or20minutes,theagentmightwanttobrace
forafrustratedcustomer,butatleasttheagentisntoverwhelmed.
ClickUpdatetoaddthenewqueue,orCanceltoabandonyourchanges.
OncesavedthenewqueuewillbedisplayedontheManage Queues
page.Youcaneditordeleteanypreviouslycreatedqueuefromthe
Manage Queuespage.
Digium,Inc. Page76
Agent Login Settings
TheAgent Login Settingstab,accessiblefromtheManage Queues
page,letsyouspecifytheextensionsforagentstologintotheirqueue,as
wellascallbacklogin.
Agent Login Extension-Usethisfieldtospecifytheextensionwhich
allagentscandialtologintothequeue(s)associatedwiththeirexten-
sion.
Agent Callback Login Extension- Usethisfieldtospecifytheexten-
sionwhichallagentscandialtologintothequeue(s)associatedwith
theirextension.ThisisthesameasAgent Login,buttheagentdoes
nothavetoremainontheline.
Agent Logout - TologoutofAgent Login justhangupyourphone.
TologoutofAgent Callback Login,dialthesameextensionusedto
login,specifyyourextensionandpasswordwhenprompted,andpress
#whenaskedforyourcallbackextension.Thiswillsuccessfullylog
yououtofallqueues.
ClickSavetoretaintheagentloginsettings.
Digium,Inc. Page77

Voice Menus
AvaluablefeatureofAsteriskistheabilitytocreateInteractiveVoice
Response(IVR)orvoicemenus.Voicemenusaredesignedtoallowfor
moreefficientcallrouting.Themenusprovideacallerwithspecific
instructions,receiveresponsesfromthecaller,andprocessthose
responsesintoanaction.
EachAsteriskAppliance50shipswithadefaultvoicemenualready
created.Tobetterunderstandthecreationandoperationofthesemenus,
wewillexaminethedefaultone.
Figure23:DefaultVoiceMenu
Voicemenusareconstructeddependingonyourneeds.Justlikeyour
businessyouneedtocreatethesolutionbestsuitedtoyourcustomers.
Thebestwaytounderstandhowavoicemenuisconstructedisto
examinethedefaultWelcomemenuprovidedwithyourAsterisk
Appliance50.ClickVoice Menus - WelcomeintheVoice Menuslist.
Theoptionsforthewelcomemenuaredisplayedsimilartotheexample
Digium,Inc. Page78

shownintheaboveillustration.TheWelcomemenuconsistsofthe
followingsteps:
AnswertheCall
Wait1Sec
Playthank-you-for-calling&ListenforKeyPress
Playif-u-know-ext-dial&ListenforKeyPress
Playotherwise&ListenforKeyPress
Playto-reach-operator&ListenforKeyPress
Playpls-hold-while-try&ListenforKeyPress
WaitExten6Sec
Intheexample,whenacallerdialsyourcompanynumberendingin7000,
thecallisanswered,andafterapauseofonesecondthecallerisgreeted
inthefollowingmanner:Thankyouforcalling.Ifyouknowyourpartys
extension,pleasedialitnow.Otherwisetoreachanoperatorpleasedial
0.Ifthecallertriesanextension,themenuwillrespondwithPlease
waitwhileItrythatextension.Ifnoactionistakenbythecaller,the
menuwillrepeatafter6seconds.
Thisisanexampleofabasicvoicemenu.Intheexample,eachactionisa
stepchosenfromthelistofavailablemenuoptions.Theavailablemenu
optionsareasfollows:
Answer -Thisstepisautomaticallyaddedwhencreatinganewmenu.
Thisstepanswerstheincomingcall.
Authenticate - TheAuthenticatestepisusedtorestrictaccesstoone
ormoreareasofyoursystem.Thisisusefulwhenonewantsusersto
havetoenteraPINcodeinordertoproceedtoaparticularpartofthe
currentmenu,toadifferentmenu,ortoringanextension.
Digium,Inc. Page79

Background - Thisstepisusedtoplayanaudiofileinthebackground
whilewaitingforthecallertoenteranextensionornumber.Playback
isterminatedoncetheuserbeginstoenteranextension.Toselectafile
toplay,clickandholdinthefieldnexttotheBackground choiceto
scrollthroughalistofpre-recordedsoundfiles.Intheexampleabove,
Playotherwise&ListenforKeyPressisanexampleofusingthe
Background option.
Busytone -TheBusytoneoptionshouldbeselectedifthereisastepin
theprocessinwhichyouwanttoplayabusysignaltothecaller.You
wouldplaythebusyonetothecaller,forinstance,ifthecallisover.
Congestion - TheCongestionoptionissimilartotheBusytone
option.TheCongestionoptionshouldbeselectedifthereisastepin
theprocessinwhichyouwanttoplayacongestionsignaltothecaller.
Youwouldplaythecongestionsignaltothecaller,forinstance,ifyou
wanttoindicatethelineisnotavailable.
Digit Timeout - TheDigitTimeoutoptionisusedtosetthemaximum
amountoftimeallowedbetweenkeypresses.Ifafullextensionisnot
enteredinthespecifiedtime,theentrywillbeconsideredinvalid.A
fieldforenteringthenumberofsecondsbeforetimeoutappearsnext
totheoption.
DISA - DISA(DirectInwardSystemAccess)isanapplicationwhich
allowscallersfromoutsidethesystemtogetaccesstoaninternaldial
toneandplacecallsfromwithinyourinternalsystem.Apasscodeis
required.Ifthepasscodeenterediscorrect,theuserisgivenasystem
dialtoneonwhichacallmaybeplaced.
Note: Usecautionwhenchoosingthisoption.Thisoptioncanposea
securityrisk.
Digium,Inc. Page80

Response Timeout - Ifacallerdoesnotenteraresponsewiththetime
specifiedinthisfield,thecallwillterminate.Thisstepcouldbeputat
theendofaseriesofmenuchoices.
Playback - ThePlaybackoptionissimilartotheBackgroundoption
becauseitwillplayasoundfileyouselect.However,thisoptiondoes
notallowinterruptionfromaKeyPressevent,andwillmoveontothe
nextstepinyourlist.
Set Music on Hold Class - Setthegroupofmusiconholdfilestobe
associatedwiththisvoicemenu.
Wait - TheWait optionpausestheexecutionofstepsinthevoice
menulistforthenumberofsecondsyouspecify.
WaitExten - TheWaitExtenoptionisspecifiedtogiveacallera
specifiedamountoftimetoenteranextension.
Goto Destination - TheGoto Destination optionletsacallerchoose
togotoeitheravoicemenu,aspecificextension,voicemailbox,ora
ringgroupfromalistofdestinations.
Set Language - Thisoptiongivesyoutheabilitytosetthelanguage
forvoicepromptsinyourvoicemenu.Thisoptionisespeciallyuseful
ifyouwanttobeginwiththedefaultlanguage,andthengivethe
optionofsettingadifferentlanguagefortherestofthemenu.For
Digium,Inc. Page81
example,voicepromptswillbegininEnglish,butifauserisgivena
choice,andpresses2forSpanish,allfurthervoicemenupromptswill
beinSpanish(providedthatlanguagemoduleisloaded).
Goto Directory - TheGoto Directoryoptionsendsacallertothesys-
temphonedirectory.Thisgivestheuserthechancetoselectauser
namefromthedirectoryiftheextensionisunknown.
Dial a Number via Trunk-Thisoptionallowsyoutospecifyan
externalnumbertodial,includingthetrunkthatshouldbeusedforthe
call.
User Event- Thisoptiongivesyoutheabilitytosendanarbitrary
eventtothemanagerinterface,withanoptionalbodyrepresenting
additionalarguments.SpecifytheeventnameintheUserEventfield.
Ifnecessary,specifyadditionalargumentsintheBodyfield.
Hangup - TheHangupoptionterminatesthecall.
Custom App-ThisoptionallowsyoutospecifyanAsteriskapplica-
tion,alongwiththeapplicationscorrespondingparameters,whichis
notalreadylistedintheAdd new Stepdrop-downmenu(e.g.
NoOp(helloworld)toechohelloworldontheAsteriskCLI).
Note: TheCustom AppoptionisonlyvisiblewhenAdvanced
OptionsareenabledundertheOptions menuitem.Thisoption
shouldonlybeconfiguredbyexperiencedAsteriskadministrators.
RefertosectiontitledAdvanced Optionsonpage138forfurther
details.
Digium,Inc. Page82
Creating a Voice Menu
Usethefollowingprocedureasaguidetocreatingavoicemenu.
1. OntheVoice Menupage,clickNewtocreateanewvoicemenu.
2. SpecifyaNameandanExtension.Theextensionwillbethedirect
dialtothevoicemenu.
3. SpecifytheSteps ofyourvoicemenuusingthewelcomemenu
exampleandstepdescriptionsasguides.
4. SelecttheDial Other Extensionscheckboxifyouwanttogiveauser
theabilitytobreakoutofthemenuselectionsanddialanextension
withinyoursystem.
Warning:TheDialOtherExtensionsoptionisimportant.Thisoption
allowsaninboundcallertobreakoutofthelistedKeypressEventsand
dialanotherextension.Amaliciouspersonmaybeabletohack
throughyourAsteriskimplementationtofindanoutsidedialtoneand
useitforfraud.Anyextensionsthatareknowntothepublicshouldbe
completelyhandledbytheKeypressEvents;callersshouldnotbe
allowedtodialotherextensions.Stickingtothispolicyprotectsyour
Asterisksystemfrombeingcompromised.
5. SpecifytheKeypress Event actionsfordigits0-9aswellas*,#,t,
andi.TheoptionsavailableforaKeypressEventare:
None - Theassociatedkeyisnotenabled.
GotoMenu- Pressingakeywiththisoptionwillsendthecallertoa
specifiedmenu.
Goto Extension -Pressingakeywiththisoptionwillsendthe
callertoaspecifiedextension.
Goto Queue - Pressingakeywiththisoptionwillsendthecallerto
thespecifiedqueue.
Digium,Inc. Page83
Operator - Thisoptionwillsendthecallertothedesignatedopera-
tor.
Hangup- Pressingakeywiththisoptionwillterminatethecall.
Congestion - Pressingakeywiththisoptionwillplayabusysignal.
Boththetkeyandikeyshouldbeusedforspecificactions.The
actionassociatedwiththetkeyshouldbethedesiredactionifauser
responsehastimed-out.Theactionassociatedwiththeikeyshould
bethedesiredactionifausermakesaninvalidentry.
6. Onceyouhaveconstructedyourvoicemenu,click Save.Youcanthen
clickApply Changes toaddthevoicemenutoyourcurrent
configuration.
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Record a Voice Menu
IntheeventthatonewantstorecordcustommenupromptsforAsterisk
whichcanbeusedinavoicemenu,theVoice Menu Promptstabmaybe
used.
Figure24:CustomVoiceMenuPromptsPage
AlistofpreviouslyrecordedmenusisdisplayedontheCustom Voice
Menu Promptspage.Here,theusermaymodifyseveraloptions:
Record Again- Clickingthisbuttonallowstheusertomakeanother
attemptatrecordingandreplacinganexistingcustomsoundfile.
Play -Clickingthisbuttonbringsupadialogentryboxtoallowthe
inputofanextensionthatAsteriskwilldialandplaytheprompt.
Delete-Clickingthisbuttonwilldeletetheselectedprompt.
Figure25:RecordMenuPrompts
Digium,Inc. Page85

ClickRecord a new Voice Menu Prompttorecordacustomvoicemenu
prompt.Thefollowingoptionswillbeavailable:
File Name - Thistextentryboxspecifiesthesavednameofthefile
thatistoberecorded.
Format -SelectwhethertherecordingwillbeinGSMorWAVfor-
mat.
Extension Used for Recording -Thisdrop-downselectboxallows
theusertochoosewhichextensionAsteriskwilldialtowaitforthe
usertospeaktheprompt.
Record- ClickingthisbuttoncausesAsterisktolaunchthecallthat
willrecordafile.
Figure26:UploadMenuPrompts
ClickUpload a Voice Menu prompttouploadacustomvoicemenu
prompt.Youwillbepromptedtospecifythepathtotheaudiofilethatyou
wishtoupload.Eachfileuploadedmustbelessthan10megabytes,in
8KHzmono,andinGSMorWAVformat.
Onceyourrecordingoruploadofacustomvoicemenupromptis
finished,itwillbelistedontheCustom Voice Menu Promptspage.You
willbeabletoplaybacktheprompt,re-recordtheprompt,ordeletethe
prompt.Thepromptscannowbeincludedwhencreatingvoicemenus.
Digium,Inc. Page86
Time Intervals
Timeintervalsaredefinitionsofaperiodoftimeduringaday,week,
month,etc.whichareusedtoroutecalls.Timeintervaldefinitionsare
utilizedintheIncoming Calling Rulessection.Todefineatimeinterval,
selectTime Intervalsfromtheleftmenu,andthenNew Time Interval
fromtheTimeIntervalspage.
Figure27:NewTimeInterval
CreatingaTimeIntervaldefinitionisfairlysimple.Youjustneedto
definearangeoftimeinwhichyouexpecttoreceivecalls.Thefollowing
fieldsareusedtocreatethedefinition:
Digium,Inc. Page87

Time Interval Name-Specifyauniquenametohelpyouidentifythis
timeintervalwhenitisreferredtointhecreationofcallingrules.A
namecanbeanythingsuchasBusinessHours,OffHours,orHoliday.
By Day of Week - Selectthisradialbuttonifyouwishtospecifyone
ormoredaysofanyweek.Selecttherangeofdaysusingthedrop-
downlists.Forexample,ifyouwerecreatingthetimeintervalBusi-
nessHoursyouwouldspecifyMondayinthefirstdrop-downlistand
Fridayintheseconddrop-downlist.Fortimeintervalsthatoccurona
singleday,selectthatdayinbothdrop-downlists.
By Days of a Month -Selectthisradialbuttonifyouwishtospecifya
dayofaspecificmonthinsteadofadayofaweek.Enterthedayofthe
month,andthenselectthemonthfromthedrop-downlist.Forexam-
ple,ifyouwerecreatingatimeintervalnamedChristmas,youwould
enter25andthenselectDecemberfromthedrop-downlist.
Time-Youneedtospecifyatimeduringwhichthisintervalshouldbe
applied.SelecteithertheEntire Day checkbox,oraStart Time and
End Time. IntheBusinessHoursexample,whichisfromMondayto
Friday,youwouldspecifyastarttimeof8:00AMandanendtimeof
5:00PM.IntheChristmasexampleyouwouldselecttheEntire
Daycheckbox.
ClickUpdatetosaveyourtimeintervaldefinition,orCancel todiscard
yourchanges.ClickApply Changestomakethenewtimeinterval
active.
Onceatimeintervaldefinitioniscreated,youcaneitherEdit orDelete
thedefinitionfromtheTime Intervalpage.
Digium,Inc. Page88

Incoming Calling Rules
IncomingCallingRulesgiveyoutheabilitytousebasicpatternmatching
torouteincomingcallsbasedontimeintervalsforeachanalogorVoIP
trunkwithwhichyoureceiveinboundcalls.ClickIncoming Calling
Rules toaccesstheIncomingCallingRulespage.
Figure28:IncomingCallingRules
Themainpagedisplaystheincomingcallingrulescreatedforeachtrunk.
NorulesaredisplayedifyouhavejustsetupyourAsteriskAppliance50.
ClickNew Incoming Rule tocreateanewincomingcallingrule.The
newincomingruleformwillbedisplayed.
Digium,Inc. Page89
Figure29:IncomingCallingRules
Thereareonlyafewoptionsyouwillneedtodefinetocreateanewrule.
Trunk - Selectthetrunkwhichtheincomingruleshouldapplytofrom
thedrop-downlist.ThetrunkcanbeeitherananalogorVoIPtrunk.
Time Interval - Selectthetimeintervalfromthelistavailableinthe
drop-downlist.Youmayhavecreatedtimeintervalsforbusiness
hours,weekendhours,holidaytime,etc.YoucanalsoselectNoneif
youwanttobypassanytimeintervalsorpatterns.
Pattern- ThePatternfieldgivesyoutheabilitytousebasicpattern
matchingtodifferentiatecallsandroutethemaccordingly.For
instance,ifanumberbeginswith_9256,andisfollowedby7ormore
digits,thatwoulddefineacallwithinthestateofAlabama.Ifacall
beganwith_9followedby7digits,itwouldbealocalcallthatproba-
blydoesntrequirealongdistancecharge.Insteadofaddingarulefor
everyextensionorphonenumberyoucall,specifythepatterninthis
rulesimilartotheexample.Allpatternsbeginwiththeunderscore_
character.Therearespecialcharacterswhichcanbeusedinpatterns:
X -Anydigitfrom0-9
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Z -Anydigitfrom1-9
N - Anydigitfrom2-9
[1,2,3,6-9]-Anydigitwithinthebrackets,inthisinstance1,2,3,6,
7,8, 9.
.- Theperiodisthewildcardwhichwillmatchanythingremaining.
Forexample,_9011.matchesanythingstartingwith9011.
! -Theexclamationpointisawildcardwhichcausesthematching
processtocompleteassoonasitcandeterminethatnoother
matchesarepossible.
Note: Ifyouhaveselectedananalogtrunk,thisfieldwillbegrayed
andpopulatewithans.Thisisnotapattern,butanindicationthatthe
analogphoneshouldproceedtothedestination.
Destination- SelecttheDestination fortheincomingcall.Youcan
choosetosendthecalltotoeitheravoicemenu,aspecificextension,
voicemailbox,ringgroup,theoperator,orevenhangupthecall.
TheLocal Extension by DIDdestinationsettingallowsyouto
routetheincomingcalltoalocalextensionbasedontheDID
(DirectInwardDialing)numberthatissenttoyoubyyourtelecom-
municationsprovider.UponselectingLocal Extension by DID,
youwillnoticetheLocal Extension by DID Patternoptionappear.
Thisoptiongivesyoutheabilitytoremoveaspecifiednumberof
digitsfromthefrontoftheDIDnumberstringbeforeroutingthe
calltoalocalextension.
Note: TheLocal Extension by DIDdestinationsettingisnot
applicableforanalogtrunks.
Therulesyouneedtocreatearedependentonyourneeds.Ifyouare
configuringyoursystemforabusiness,forexample,youllprobablywant
tosetuprulesforbusinesshours,offhours,weekendhours,etc.Inany
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case,youshouldalsocreateacallingrulewhichutilizesthetimeinterval
andusesacatchallpatterntorouteanycallsthatdontfittheotherrules
youvecreated.Thiswillinsurethatyoudontmissanycalls.
Onceyouhavecompletedthedefinitionofeachincomingcallingrule,
clickUpdate.ClickApply Changesintheupperrightcornerofthepage
tomakeyourchangesimmediatelyavailable.Eachruleyoucreatewillbe
listedontheIncoming Calling Rules page,organizedbytrunk.Fromthe
mainpageyoucaneitherEdit orDeletetherule.
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Voicemail
Voicemailisanoptionavailableforeveryextension.Therelationship
betweentheextensionandvoicemailisestablishedinUsers.Inthat
sectionyoucanspecifywhethervoicemailisenabledforanextension,as
wellasthePINforretrievingvoicemail.TheVoicemailpageletsyou
specifyvoicemailparameters,aswellassettingsforsendingvoicemail
noticestoe-mail.
Figure30:Voicemail
TherearethreetabsontheVoicemail pageusedforconfiguration:
General Settings,Email Settings,andSMTP Settings.
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General Settings
TheGeneralSettingspageistheprimarypageusedtoconfigureAsterisk
Appliance50voicemail.Standardconfigurationinformationispresent,
allowingyoutoconfirmtheextensionusedtocheckmessages,aswellas
generalparameterssuchasthefollowing:
Extension for Checking Messages -Thisoptiondefinestheexten-
sionwhichUserscallinordertoaccesstheirvoicemailaccount.
Direct Voicemail Dial - Selectthischeckboxtoenabledirectvoice-
maildialing.Forexample,someonewouldbeabletodial*6001to
directlydialthevoicemailboxandleaveamessageforthepersonat
extension6001ifthischeckboxisselected.
Max Greeting (Seconds)-Withthisoption,youspecifythemaxi-
mumamountoftimeavailabletorecordyourvoicemailgreeting.
Dial 0 for Operator -Callerswhoaresenttovoicemailcanpress
0fortheoperatorandbetransferredeitherduringthevoicemailsal-
utation,orafterrecordingthemessage.Ifthisoptionisnotenabled,a
callerspressing0willbeignored.
Thereareseveraloptionswhichcandefinethecharacteristicsofthe
voicemailmessagesinthesystem.
Maximum Messages per Folder - Thisfieldsetsthemaximumnum-
berofmessagesthatausercanhaveinanyovertheirvoicemailbox
folders.
Maximum Message Time - Themaximumdurationofamessageleft
byacaller.Timeisspecifiedinseconds.
Minimum Message Time - Theminimumdurationofamessage
specifiedinseconds.Anymessageleftthatsunderthelistedduration
isdiscardedandisntprocessedorretrievable.
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Therearealsoseveralmessageplaybackoptionswhichcanbespecified.
Say Message Caller-ID - TheSayMessageCallerIDoptionreadsthe
callerIDbeforethevoicemailmessageisplayed.
Say Message Duration - Ifthisoptionisenabledthedurationofthe
message,inminutes,willbeplayedbackbeforethevoicemailmes-
sageisplayed.
Play Envelope-Turnon/offplayingintroductionsabouteachmes-
sagewhenaccessingthemfromthevoicemailapplication.
Allow Users to Review - Thisoptionprovidesincomingcallersthe
optiontoreviewtheirmessagebeforeitissavedandcanbeplayed
backbytheownerofthevoicemailextension.Standardoptionsare
presentedtothecaller,allowingthemtodiscardthemessageorre-
recordit.
E-mail Settings
TheE-mailSettingspageisusedtosete-mailoptionsforvoicemail,as
wellastheformatofthee-mailssent.
Note: SMTPsettingsmustbespecifiedinordertosende-mail.
Send Messages by E-mail Only - Ifthisoptionisset,voicemailmes-
sageswillonlybeaccessiblebye-mail.
Attach Recordings to E-Mail - Thisoptionisusedtochoosewhether
voicemailissenttoauserse-mailaddressasanattachment.Clickthe
checkboxtoenablethisoption.Messageswillbesentinthe.wavfor-
mat.
Template for E-mails - Thee-mailtemplategivesyoutheabilityto
specifythegeneralcontentforeache-mailsentwithavoicemailalert.
Toloadasampletemplate,clicktheLoad Defaultsbutton.Besureto
changetheFromaddresstoavalide-mailaddressbeforesaving.
Digium,Inc. Page95
SMTP Settings
TheSMTPSettingspageisusedtoenablesendingvoicemailalerts
throughe-mail.
SMTP Sever-TheIPaddressorahostnameofanSMTPserver
whichtheAsteriskAppliance50canconnectto,withoutauthentica-
tion,tosendvoicemailnotificationstoane-mailaddress.
Port - TheportnumberonwhichtheSMTPserverisrunning.The
defaultportis25.
Use SMTP Authentication- ClickthischeckboxiftheSMTPserver
requiresausernameandpasswordforauthentication.
Auth User - TheusernameusedforauthenticationtotheSMTP
server.
Auth Password-ThepasswordusedforauthenticationtotheSMTP
server.
Onceyouhavecompletedspecifyingthesettingsonatab,clickSave to
keepyoursettings,orCanceltodiscardyoursettings.ClickApply
Changesintheupperrightcornerofthepagetomakeyourchanges
immediatelyavailable.
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Paging/Intercom
ThePaging/Intercomtaballowsyoutosetup1-waypagingor2-way
intercomforcallinganindividualoragroupofextensions.Thiscanbe
usedtomakeanannouncementoverthespeakerphoneofagroupof
phones.Phoneswhicharepartofapage/intercomgroupwillnotring,but
willimmediatelyanswerintospeakerphonemode.
Note: Thisfunctionalityisdependentonacompatibleandcorrectly
configuredhandset.Forausertobeabletodialapage/intercom
group,thepagegroupslocalcontextmustbeincludedintheusers
dialplan.
Figure31:Paging/Intercom
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ClickNew Page/Intercom Grouptodefinewhichavailableuserswillbe
partofapage/intercomgroup.
Figure32:NewPage/IntercomGroup
Thefollowingoptionsareavailablewhendefininganewpage/intercom
group:
Extension for this Page/Intercom Group -Specifytheextension
associatedwiththispage/intercomgroup.
Type- Specifythetypeofgroupforthisextension.
2-Way Intercom-Thepersoninitiatingthecallandallmembersof
theintercomgroupwillbeabletospeaktoeachotherduringthe
call.
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1-Way Page- Onlythepersoninitiatingthecallwillbeableto
speakduringthecall.Allmembersofthepaginggroupwillbe
muted.
Play a beep -Ifthisoptionischecked,abeepsoundwillbeplayed
whentheintercomcallisconnectedtoinformusersthattheycan
begintalking.
Page/Intercom Group Members -Thisisthelistofavailableusers
whicharepartofthispage/intercomgroup.
Available users- Thisisthelistofuserswhichareavailabletobe
assignedtothispage/intercomgroup.
Thedoubleleftarrowswillmoveallavailableuserstothispage/intercom
group.Thedoublerightarrowswillremoveallpage/intercomgroup
members.Thesingleleftarrowwillbemoveanindividualavailableuser
tothepage/intercomgroup.Thesinglerightarrowwillremovean
individualpage/intercomgroupmember.
ClickSavetoretainyourpage/intercomgroup,orCanceltoabandon
yourchanges.FromthePaging & Intercompage,youcaneitherEditor
Deleteapage/intercomgroup.
ClickPage an Extension alongthetoptoconfigureakeysequence
whichinitiatesapageorintercomcalltoaspecificextension.
Figure33:SettingsforPagingIndividualExtensions
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Thefollowingsettingsareavailable:
Prefix for Paging an Extension- Specifythekeysequenceusedto
prefixapagecalltoaspecificextension.Forexample,settingthis
valueto**wouldallowyoutoinitiateapagecalltoextension6000
bydialing**6000.
Prefix for Dialing an Extension as intercom-Specifythekey
sequenceusedtoprefixanintercomcalltoaspecificextension,For
example,settingthisvalueto*#wouldallowyoutoinitiateaninter-
comcalltoextension6000bydialing*#6000.
ClickSavetoretainyourchanges,orCanceltoabandonthem.
ThenclickSettingsalongthetoptospecifyadditionalsettingsforpaging
andintercom.
Figure34:Paging&IntercomSettings
Thefollowingsettingisavailable:
Alert-Info Header -Thisisthevaluethatissentinthealertinfo
headertothephoneforanintercomcall.Itisnotrecommendedthat
thisvaluebechangedfromthedefaultofIntercom.
ClickSavetoretainyourchanges,orCanceltoabandonthem.Onceyou
havecompletedmakingchangestothePaging & Intercomsections,
clickApply Changestomakethemimmediatelyavailable.
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Conferencing
Everycompanyreachesthepointofneedingmorepeopleonaphonecall
thanitcaneffectivelyincludethroughthree-waycalling.Conference
bridgesallowyoutoincludemorepeopleaswellasprojectaprofessional
image.Theconfigurationoftheconferencebridgeandstandardfeatures
isverystraightforward.ClickNew Conference Bridgeonthe
Conferencing pagetodesignaconferencebridge.
Figure35:NewConferenceBridge
TheGUIauto-populatestheextensionwiththenextavailableextensionin
sequence,butcanbechangedtoanyextensionnumberthatisavailable.
Afterestablishingtheextensionforthebridge,youneedtospecifythe
passwordsettingsfortheconference.AssignthePIN Codeusedby
participantstoentertheconferenceaswellastheAdministrator PIN
Code usedbythemoderatoroftheconferencetoopentheconference
bridge.
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Nowthatyouhaveestablishedtheconferencebridgeextensionand
passwordcodes,youcansetyourconferenceroomoptions.
Marked/Admin User Extension - Thisoptionworksinconjunction
withtheWaitforMarkedUserfeature.Iftheconferencebridgeisto
havemarkedusersoradminusers,thoseusersshouldentertheconfer-
encefromaseparateextension.Adminuserscanlockandunlockthe
conference,andcankickthemostrecentconferenceparticipant.
Markedusersarespecialuserswhoseentranceandexit,iftheWait
for Marked UserorClose Conference When Last Marked User
Exits areselected,caneitherbeginorendtheconference.IftheCEO
ofthecompany,forexample,doesntwantanyonechattinginthecon-
ferencebridgeuntilheorshearrives,theseoptionsaresettokeep
everythingquiet.Themainconferenceextensionof6003isconfigured
withWaitforMarkedUserselected.Everyoneintheconferencearriv-
ingfromextension6003remainssilentuntiltheCEOarrives.
Play hold music for first caller - Checkingthisoptionmakesmusic
playforthefirstcallerenteringaconferenceuntilanothercallerjoins.
Somepeopledontlikesittinginaquietroomevenavirtualroom
alone,andthisfeaturepreventsanyonefrombeinginthatposition.
Enable caller menu - ThisfeatureallowscallerstoaccesstheConfer-
enceBridgeMenubypressingtheasterisk(*)key.
Quiet Mode - Donotplayenter/leavesoundswhencallersjoinor
leavetheconference.
Close Conference When Last Marked User Exits - Whenthis
optionisselected,theconferencecallwillbeclosedwhenthelast
markeduserexitsthecall.
Announce callers - Allnewcallerstoaconferenceareidentified
whentheyarrivewhenthisfeatureisselected.
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Wait for Marked User - Thisisafeaturethatkeepsallparticipantsin
quietmodeuntilaspecialparticipant,usingauniqueextension,
arrives.Onlyafterthemarkeduserarrivesistheaudioactivatedso
thatalloftheparticipantscanspeaktoeachother.
ClickUpdatetoretainyourconferencebridgedefinition,orCancelto
abandonyourchanges.FromtheConferencingpageyoucaneitherEdit
orDelete abridgedefinition.Onceyouhavesavedaconferencebridge
definitionclickApply Changestomakethebridgeimmediately
available.
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Follow Me
FollowMeisaveryusefulfeaturewhichallowsacallertoreachyou
whereveryoumaybebyforwardingyourcallstoalistofpredefined
numbersuntilyouarereached.Ifyoucannotbereached,FollowMewill
transferthecallertoyourvoicemailbox.TheFollowMefeaturemayalso
bereferredtoasFindMe.
Note: TheFollowMefeaturewillonlyfunctionforuserextensions
whichhavevoicemailenabled.
Figure36:FollowMe
ThefollowingisanexamplescenarioofusingtheFollowMefeature:
1. Derrickdialsextension6000fromhismobilephonetocallChuck.
2. Chucksofficephoneringsseveraltimes,butisnotanswered.
3. Derrickhears,Afterthetone,sayyourname,andthenpressthe
poundkey.,followedbyabeeptone.
4. Derricksayshisname,andthenpressesthepoundkey.
IfDerrickhadnotsaidhisnameand/orpressedthepoundkey,the
callwouldhavecontinuedontothenextstepasnormal.
5. Derrickhears,Thankyou.PleaseholdwhileItrytolocatetheperson
youarecalling.
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6. ThenChucksmobilephoneandhomephonebegintoring
simultaneously.
7. Chucksandroidathomeanswersthephoneandhears,"Incomingcall
from.ThenithearsDerrickstatehisname.Thenithears,Press1to
acceptthiscall,or2torejectit.
ThisoccurswhileChucksmobilephonecontinuestoring.
8. Chucksandroidquicklyhangsupthephoneinsteadofpressing1or2.
IfChucksandroidhadpressed1,itwouldhavebegunspeaking
withDerrick,andChucksmobilephonewouldhavestoppedring-
ing.
IfChucksandroidhadpressed2,thecallwouldhavebeenrejected,
Chucksmobilephonewouldhavestoppedringing,andDerrick
wouldhavebeentransferredtoChucksvoicemailbox.
IfChucksandroidhadnothungupthephoneandnotpressedany-
thing,themessagewouldhaveloopeditselfuntileithertheringtim-
eoutfortheFollowMenumberhadbeenmetorChuckhad
answeredhismobilephone,whicheverwouldhavecomefirst.
IftheringtimeoutfortheFollowMenumberhadbeenmetwhile
Chucksandroidwaslisteningtotheaccept/rejectmessage,itwould
havebeendisconnectedfromthecall,Chucksmobilephonewould
havestoppedringing,andDerrickwouldhavebeentransferredto
Chucksvoicemailbox.
IfChuckwouldhaveansweredandacceptedthecallfromhis
mobilephonewhilehisandroidwaslisteningtotheaccept/reject
message,itwouldhavebeendisconnectedfromthecall,andChuck
wouldhavebegunspeakingwithDerrick.
9. Chuckanswershismobilephoneandhears,"Incomingcallfrom.
ThenhehearsDerrickstatehisname.Thenhehears,Press1to
acceptthiscall,or2torejectit.
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10.Chuckpresses1toacceptthecall.
11. Lastly,ChuckbeginsspeakingwithDerrick.
Note: Ifnoonehadansweredandacceptedthecall,Derrickwould
havebeentransferredtoChucksvoicemailbox.
Figure37:NewFollowMeDefinition
UsethefollowingprocedureasaguidetoconfigureFollowMeforan
userextension.
1. ClickEdit fortheuserextensionwhichyouwishtoconfigure.The
editboxfortheFollowMedefinitionwillappear.
2. InordertoenabletheFollowMefeature,selectEnablefortheStatus
option.
Digium,Inc. Page106
3. SelecttheMusic On Hold Class whichyouwouldlikeforthecaller
tohearwhileFollowMeattemptstoreachyou.
4. SelecttheDialPlanthatshouldbeusedfordialingtheFollowMe
numbers.Thedialplanassociatedwiththeuserextensionwillbe
selectedbydefault.
5. ClicktheAdd Follow Me Number buttoninordertocreatealistof
FollowMenumberswhichwillbedialedtoreachtheuser.Upon
doingso,additionaloptionswillappearnearthebottomoftheedit
box.
6. SelectDial Local Extension ifyouwouldliketospecifyalocal
extensiononthesystemtobedialed,orDial Outside Numberifyou
wouldliketospecifyanoutsidenumbertobedialed.
Note: InordertoproperlymatchoneofthepatternsinyourOutgoing
Calling Rules,besuretoprependthenecessarydigitswhenspecyfing
theoutsidenumbertobedialed.
7. Specifythenumberofsecondsbeforetheringtimeoutoccursforthe
newFollowMenumber.TheringtimeoutforthenewFollowMe
numberisthetotalamountoftimefromwhentheFollowMefeature
isinitiatedtowhenthecallisaccepted.
Note: Theringtimeoutisnotresetorcancelledwhenthepromptis
playedtoallowsomeonetoacceptorrejectthecall.Iftheringtimeout
ismetwhilethatpromptisbeingplayed,thecallwillberejectedand
senttovoicemail.
8. SelecttheDial OrderinwhichthisFollowMenumbershouldbe
dialedtoreachtheuser.
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SelectingRing after trying previous extension/numberwillcause
thedefinedFollowMenumbertobecalledafterthelastentrylisted
intheDestinationsbox.
Note: YoumustselectRing after trying previous extension/
numberifnootherFollowMenumberexistsintheDestinations
box.Otherwise,youwillbeunabletosavetheFollowMe
definition.
SelectingRing along with previous extension/numberwillcause
thedefinedFollowMenumbertobecalledsimultaneouslyalong
withthelastentrylistedintheDestinationsbox.
9. ClickAdd toaddthisFollowMenumbertotheDestinationsbox,or
Canceltodiscardit.
YoumayreordertheentriesintheDestinations boxbyusingtheupand
downarrowslocatedtothefarrightofeachentry.Ifyouwishtodeletean
entry,simplyclicktheXlocatednexttotheuparrow.
ClickSavetoretainyourchangesorCancel todiscardthem.
ThenclickFollowMe Options alongthetoptoconfigureadditional
optionsforFollowMe.
Figure38:FollowMeOptions
Digium,Inc. Page108
Thefollowingself-explanatoryoptionscanbeenabledordisabled:
Playbacktheincomingstatusmessagepriortostartingthefollow-me
step(s).
Recordthecallersnamesoitcanbeannouncedtothecalleeoneach
step.
Playbacktheunreachablestatusmessageifweverunoutofstepsto
reachthecallee,orifthecalleehaselectednottobereachable.
ClickSavetoretainyourchangesorCanceltodiscardthem.Thenclick
Apply Changestomakethechangesavailable.
Digium,Inc. Page109

Directory
TheDirectory settingspagegivesyoutheabilitytosetyourpreferences
fortheDialbyNamesDirectory.Dialingthedirectoryextensiongives
callerstheopportunitytosearchthetelephonedirectorybyfirstorlast
name.
Figure39:DirectorySettings
Onthispageyouspecifytheextensionfordialingthesystemdirectory,as
wellasannouncementandsearchpreferences.
Directory Extension - Theextensiontodialtoaccessthenames
directory.
Also read the extension number - Selectthischeckboxifyouwould
liketheextensionnumberaswellasusernametobereadbeforepre-
sentingdialingoptionstothecaller.
Use first name instead of last name-Selectthischeckboxifyou
wanttogivecallerstheabilitytosearchonfirstnameinsteadoflast
name.
ClickSavetoretainyourchangesorCancel todiscardthem.ClickApply
Changestomakethechangesavailable.Toaddorremoveauserfromthe
Digium,Inc. Page110
systemtelephonedirectory,edittheIn Directoryfieldofusersextension
accessiblefromtheUserspage.
Digium,Inc. Page111

Call Features
TheCall Features tabgivesyoutheabilitytoconfigurefeaturecodes,
callparking,applicationmaps,anddialoptions.Theseareexplainedin
thefollowingsections.
Feature Codes
TheFeature Codes tabgivesyoutheabilitytodefineakeypress
sequencewhichwillinitiateablindtransfer,attendedtransfer,callpark,
orcalldisconnect.
Note: Featurecodeswillonlyfunctionwhentwochannelsare
answeredandbridgedtogether.Theycannotbeusedwhiletheremote
partyisringingorinprogress.
Figure40:FeatureCodes
Digium,Inc. Page112
Thecheckboxmustbeselectedforanyfeatureforwhichyouwishto
defineacustomkeysequence.Thefeaturecodeoptionsaredescribed
below.
Note: Takecarewhenspecifyingthekeysequenceforeachfeature
code.Thekeysequencedetectionwillstopassoonasitfindsa
possiblematch(e.g.IfyouhavethekeysequenceforBlindTransfer
setto#andAttendedTransfersetto#2,pressing#2duringacall
willinitiateablindtransferinsteadofanattendedtransferbecause
DTMFdetectionwillstopafterpressing#.Anexampleofproperly
configuringtwofeaturecodesstartingwith#wouldbetosetthekey
sequenceforBlindTransferto#1andAttendedTransferto#2.)
Blind Transfer Feature Code
SpecifythekeysequencetoinitiatetheBlind Transferfeatureduringan
activecall.Thedefaultkeysequenceis#.BlindTransfermayalsobe
referredtoasanunannounced,unsupervised,orcoldtransfer.
Wheninitiated,thisfeaturewillpromptyoutoenterthedestination
extensionfortheblindtransfer.Youmustthenenterthedestination
extensionwithinafewseconds,otherwisetheblindtransferwillbe
cancelled.Afterenteringthedestinationextensionwithintheallotedtime,
thecallingpartywillbetransferredtothedestinationextensionwithout
priornotificationandtheinitiatorofthetransferwillbedisconnected.
ThecallingpartysCallerIDwillbepreservedwhenthecallistransferred
tothedestinationextension.
Note: TheT Optionand/ort Option mustbeenabledunderDial
Optionsinorderforthistofunction.
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Disconnect Feature Code
SpecifythekeysequencetoinitiatetheDisconnectfeatureduringan
activecall.Thedefaultkeysequenceis*.
Wheninitiated,thisfeaturewilldisconnecttheactivecall.
Note: TheH Optionand/orh OptionmustbeenabledundertheDial
Options tabinorderforthistofunction.
Attended Transfer Feature Code
SpecifythekeysequencetoinitiatetheAttended Transferfeatureduring
anactivecall.Adefaultkeysequenceisnotdefinedforthisfeature.
AttendedTransfermayalsobereferredtoasanannounced,supervised,
consult,full-consult,orwarmtransfer.
Initiatingthisfeaturewillpromptyoutoenterthedestinationextension
fortheattendedtransfer.Youmustenterthedestinationextensionwithin
afewseconds,otherwisetheattendedtransferwillbecancelled.After
enteringthedestinationextensionwithintheallotedtime,youwillhear
ringbackifthedestinationextensionisavailable.Ifthedestination
extensionanswers,youwillbegiventheopportunitytoannouncethecall
transfer.Simplyhangupthephonetocompletethecalltransfer.Ifyou
hangupbeforethedestinationextensionanswers,thecallingpartywillbe
transferredtothedestinationextensionwithoutpriornotification(i.e.
similartoblindtransfer,butwithoutCallerIDpreservation).Ifthe
destinationextensiondoesnotanswerandyoudonothangupthephone,
theattendedtransferwillbecancelledafter15seconds.Thecalling
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partysCallerIDwillnotbepreservedwhenthecallistransferredtothe
destinationextension.
Note: TheT Optionand/ort OptionmustbeenabledundertheDial
Options tabinorderforthistofunction.
Call Parking Feature Code
SpecifythekeysequencetoinitiatetheCall Parking featureduringan
activecall.Adefaultkeysequenceisnotdefinedforthisfeature.
Initiatingthisfeaturewillpromptyouwiththefirstavailableparking
extension.Thisisthenumberthatcanbedialedtoretrievethecallfrom
theparkinglot.Thecallerwillbeimmediatelytransferredtothespecified
parkingextension,andtheinitiatorofthecallparkwillbedisconnected.
Inordertoretrievethecall,dialtheparkingextensionthatwasspecified
bytheAsteriskAppliance50prompt.
Theamountoftimethatthecallremainsparkedisdeterminedbythe
numberofsecondsspecifiedintheNumber of seconds a call can be
parked forfieldontheCall Parking tab.Ifthecallisnotretrieved
withinthistime,thecallwillberedirectedtotheuserthatoriginally
parkedthecall.
Note: TheK Optionand/ork OptionmustbeenabledundertheDial
Optionstabinorderforthistofunction.ThismethodofCallParking
mayalsobereferredtoasonestepparking.
ClickSavewhenyouaredoneconfiguringthissection.ThenclickApply
Changestomakethesechangesimmediatelyavailablefornewcalls.
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Call Parking
CallParkingisanAsteriskfeaturewhichallowsausertoplaceacallon
holdsothatitcanbetakenoffholdfromanotherextension.ClicktheCall
ParkingtabfromtheCall Featurespagetoconfigurethisfeature.The
Call Parking pagegivesyoutheabilitytodefinethecallparkingoptions
whichwillenableuseofthisfeature.
Figure41:CallParkingPreferences
Thefollowingoptionsmustbeconfiguredtoenablecallparking.
Extension to Dial to Park a Call - Specifytheextensiontocallwhen
transferringacalltoholdortheparkinglot.
What Extensions to Park Calls On -Theextensionsspecifiedhere
willbetheparkinglotdesignationsforthecallsyouplaceonhold.
Thecallonholdwillberetrievedbydialingoneoftheseextensions.
Number of Seconds a Call Can Be Parked -Thenumberofseconds
acallcanbeplacedonhold.Afterthetimehaselapsedthecallwill
ringtheoriginatingextension.
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Parking a Call
YoucanparkacallusingeitherananalogorVoIPphone.Tousean
analogphone,hittheflashbutton,orquicklypressthehookswitch,wait
foradialtone,thendialtheextension(700).WithaVoIPphone,initiate
thetransfer,dialthecallparkingextension(e.g.700),thencompletethe
transfer(suchasbypressingsend).ThemethodusingaVoIPphonewill
varydependingonthephone.
Atthispoint,theAsteriskAppliance50willpromptyouwithanumber.
Thenumberitpromptsyouwithisthenumberfromthepoolspecified.
Thisisthenumberthatcanbeenteredtoretrievethecall.Toretrievethe
call,pickupaphone,anddialtheparkingnumberthatwaspreviously
specifiedbytheAsteriskAppliance50prompt.Theamountoftimethat
thecallremainsparkedisdeterminedbythenumberofsecondsspecified.
Ifthecallisnotretrievedinthistime,thecallwillberedirectedtothe
userthatoriginallyparkedthecall.
Note: Inordertoproperlyparkacall,youmustuseattendedtransfer
functions.Usingablindtransferfunctionwillnotprovidetheparking
numbertothepersonparkingthecall.Thismakesrecoveryofthecall
impossible,exceptforthefallthroughtimeout.
Application Map
TheApplicationMaptabgivesyoutheabilitytodefineakeypress
sequencewhichwillexecuteaspecificapplication,alongwiththe
applicationsarguments.Oneexampleofusingthisfeaturewouldbeto
allowthecallerorcalleetoplaybackaspecificsoundfileondemand
whenpressingapredefinedkeysequence.ClickNew Application Map
todefineanewapplicationmap.
Digium,Inc. Page117

Figure42:ApplicationMap
Theoptionsassociatedwithanapplicationmaparedescribedbelow.
Enabled- Selectwhetherornotthisapplicationmapisenabled.
Feature Name-Specifyauniquenametobeassociatedwiththis
applicationmap.
Digits -Specifythekeysequenceusedtoactivatethisfeature.
Activate On / By-Selectwhichchannelofthecallthattheapplica-
tionwillbeexecutedon,andwhichchannelisallowedtoactivatethis
feature.Theavailablesettingsaredescribebelow.
self-Runtheapplicationonthesamechannelthatactivatedthis
feature.Thisfeaturewillbeaccessiblebyboththecallerandcallee.
peer-Runtheapplicationontheoppositechannelfromtheonethat
hasactivatedthisfeature.Thisfeaturewillbeaccessiblebyboththe
callerandcallee.
self / caller-Runtheapplicationonthesamechannelthatactivated
thisfeature.Thisfeaturewillbeaccessiblebythecalleronly.
peer / caller-Runtheapplicationontheoppositechannelfromthe
onethathasactivatedthisfeature.Thisfeaturewillbeaccessibleby
thecalleronly.
Digium,Inc. Page118

self / callee-Runtheapplicationonthesamechannelthatactivated
thisfeature.Thisfeaturewillbeaccessiblebythecalleeonly.
peer / callee-Runtheapplicationontheoppositechannelfromthe
onethathasactivatedthisfeature.Thisfeaturewillbeaccessibleby
thecalleeonly.
self / both-Refertothedescriptionforself.
peer / both-Refertothedescriptionforpeer.
App Name- Selecttheapplicationtoexecuteoncethedefinedkey
sequenceisdetected.
Note: Theapplicationmapfeatureisnotintendedtobeusedforall
Asteriskapplications.Applicationswhicharestaticallydefinedin
theextensions.confareexecutedbythePBXcore.Incontrast,
applicationswhicharedynamicallycalledfromanapplicationmap
areexecutedoutsideofthePBXcore.Itisnotappropriatetouse
anyapplicationwhichhasanyconceptofdialplanflowwhenusing
anapplicationmap.Examplesofthiswouldbeapplicationssuchas
Macro,Goto,Background,andWaitExten.
Arguments- Specifytheargumentstobepassedtotheapplication
definedinApp Name.
Note: EnablingtheapplicationmapfeaturewillcausetheAsterisk
Appliance50toremaininthemediastreamduringallcalls.Thiswill
occurregardlessofwhethertwoendpointsareconfiguredtoredirect
theirmediastreamfromtheAsteriskAppliance50toeachotherafter
thecallsetuphascompleted(e.g.twoSIPphoneswithreinvite
enabled).
Digium,Inc. Page119

Dial Options
TheDial Optionstabgivesyoutheabilitytoconfigurefeaturecode
permissionsforthecalledpartyandthecallingparty.Eitherpartycanbe
allowedorrestrictedaccesstothetransfer,hangup,andcallparking
featurecodes.
Figure43:DialOptions
Digium,Inc. Page120

Thesepermissionoptionsareexplainedbelow.
t Option-Allowsthecalledpartytotransferthecallingpartybysend-
ingtheDTMFsequencedefinedontheFeatureCodespage.
T Option -Allowsthecallingpartytotransferthecalledpartyby
sendingtheDTMFsequencedefinedontheFeatureCodespage.
h Option -AllowsthecalledpartytohangupbysendingtheDTMF
sequencedefinedontheFeatureCodespage.
H Option-AllowsthecallingpartytohangupbysendingtheDTMF
sequencedefinedontheFeatureCodespage.
k Option- Allowsthecalledpartytoenableparkingofthecallby
K Option -Allowsthecallingpartytoenableparkingofthecallby
Digium,Inc. Page121

Voicemail Groups
Avoicemailgroupgivesyoutheabilitytocreateavoicemailboxthatcan
besharedbyanyoftheusersonanAsteriskAppliance50system.A
groupmessagecanthusbesentbydialingoneextensionandleavinga
message.ClickVoicemail Group toaccesstheVoicemailGrouppage.
Figure44:NewVoicemailGroup
ClickNew Voicemail Grouptocreateavoicemailgroup.
Voicemail Group Extension - Specifythegroupvoicemailextension.
Label -Specifyauniquenameforthevoicemailgroupwhichcanbe
referredtointheconfigurationofyourAsteriskAppliance50.
User Mailboxes -Clickthecheckboxofeachuservoicemailbox
whichshouldbepartofthegroupvoicemailbox.
ClickSave whenyouhavecompletedthevoicemailgroupdefinition,and
thenApply Changes tomakethevoicemailboximmediatelyavailable.
YoucaneitherEditorDelete thevoicemailgroupfromthemain
Voicemail Group page.
Digium,Inc. Page122

System Info
ThegeneralsysteminformationoftheAsteriskAppliance50isdisplayed
fromthistab,aswellastabsforyournetworkinterfaces,diskusage,
memoryusage,andDHCPleasesallocatedontheLANsidebythe
AsteriskAppliance50sDHCPserver.IfyoudonothaveanNTPserver
specified,youcansetyourdefaulttimezonefromwithintheGeneraltab.
TheS800i Config tabdescribestheexactmodelinformation.This
informationwillbeusefulfortechnicalsupport.
Figure45:SystemInformation
Digium,Inc. Page123

Networking
TheNetworkingpageisusedtoconfigureyourgeneralnetworksettings,
aswellasyourWideAreaNetwork(WAN)settings,LocalAreaNetwork
(LAN)settings,andTimezonesettings.
Figure46:Networking
TheGeneraltab,whichisthedefaultselectionontheNetworkingpage,is
usedtospecifythefollowingsettings:
Hostname -ThehostnameassignedtotheAsteriskAppliance50.
ThisnamewillbeusedtoidentifytheAsteriskAppliance50onyour
network.
NTP Server - ThisfieldgivesyoutheabilitytospecifytheURLorIP
addressofanNTPserver.Thisisusefulifyouwishtoregularlysyn-
chronizetheAsteriskAppliance50timesettingwiththatofanNTP
server.
Digium,Inc. Page124
SSH-SelecttheSSHcheckboxtoactivatetheSSHserveronthe
AsteriskAppliance50.Thedefaultrootpasswordisdigium.Enabling
thisoptionwillcauseyourunittoprovideSSHaccessonbothWAN
andLANinterfaces,whichcanposeasecurityrisk.
Note: Itissuggestedthatyouchangethedefaultrootpasswordthe
firsttimeyouSSHintotheAsteriskAppliance50.Usethepasswd
utilityfromtheshelltochangethepassword.Changingthedefault
passwordwillincreasesecurity.
URL for Auto-Provisioning - TheURLspecifiedinthisfieldisused
toenableauto-provisioningforPolycomphones.Thedefaultforthis
fieldishttp://0.0.0.0/phoneprov.The0.0.0.0willresolvetotheIPof
theAsteriskAppliance50withtheLANIPforrequestsfromtheLAN
ports,andtheWANIPforrequestsovertheWANport.
TheWAN tabisusedtospecifythesettingswhichwillenableconnection
totheInternet,ortoaninternal,privatenetwork.
DHCP -TheDHCPsettingenablestheautomaticassignmentofanIP
addresstotheAsteriskAppliance50.Thischeckboxisselectedby
default.
Enable GUI on WAN Interface-Selectthischeckboxonlyifyouare
certainyouwanttoenableaccesstotheAsteriskAppliance50GUI
viatheWANinterface.
Enable WAN Side Provisioning-Selectthisoptiontoenablethepro-
visioningofPolycomphonesconnectedthroughtheWAN.
IfyouhavedifficultyobtaininganIPaddressdynamically,deselectthe
DHCPcheckboxandspecifytheIPaddress,Subnet,Gateway,andDNS
settings.Thisinformationshouldbeavailablefromyourcompany
networkadministratororInternetServiceProvider(ISP).
Digium,Inc. Page125
TheLAN tabisusedtospecifythesettingsforyourlocalnetwork.A
localnetworkisusuallyasmallernetworkwhichispartofaWAN.The
informationspecifiedhereisusedtoaccessyourAsteriskAppliance50.
ThedefaultIPaddressspecified,192.168.69.1,isusedtoaccessthe
AsteriskGUI.YoucanchangethisaddresstoanIPaddressspecifiedin
theIPstartandendranges.Inmostcases,thedefaultshouldbeused.
TheTimezone tabisusedtospecifythedefaulttimezoneforyour
AsteriskAppliance50.Thetimezoneinformationisusedtosetthedate
andtimeontheAsteriskAppliance50.Thetimezonefilesarelocatedon
theflashcardwhichcomeswithyourAsteriskAppliance50.Selectthe
appropriatetimezonefromthelist.ClickSet as Defaulttosetthe
correspondingtimezoneasyourdefaulttimezone.ClickingtheUpdate
Timezones buttonwilldownloadandinstallthelatesttimezonefilesfrom
Digiumswebsite.YouwillneedtorestartyourAsteriskAppliance50in
ordertocompletesettingthetimezoneasyourdefault.Torebootyour
appliance,gotoOptions,Reboot,andclickReboot Now.
Note: Thetimezonefilesarenamedaftercitiesthatadheretothetime
zoneyouneed.
Digium,Inc. Page126

G.729 Codec
TheG.729 CodecpageallowsyoutoregisterandmanageyourG.729
codeclicensekeys.TheG.729Codecisanindustrystandardalgorithm
thatcompressesanddecompressesadigitalaudiostream.Appliedto
VoiceoverIP(VoIP)calls,G.729compressestheaudiodatatouse
significantlylessnetworkbandwidththanastandardoruncompressed
VoIPcall.Thiscompressionallowsformorecallstobecarriedwithout
increasingnetworkcapacityandallowsvoicetotravelonlimited-
bandwidthconnectionsthatwouldotherwisenotsupportVoIP.
Note: TheAsteriskAppliance50cansupportamaximumof8
simultaneouscallsbeingtranscodedwithG.729.CallsusingG.729
whicharenotbeingtranscoded(pass-thru)donotcounttowardsthat
total.
Figure47:G.729CodecRegistration
ClickRegister a G729 License key on this Appliancetocausethe
AsteriskAppliance50todownloadtheEndUserLicenseAgreement
(EULA)fromaserveratDigium.ReadtheEULAcarefully.Ifyouagree
toitsterms,clickI agree to the above License.
Digium,Inc. Page127

Figure48:G.729CodecLicenseInformation
CompletetheG.729CodecLicenseInformationforminfull.TheG.729
License KeyfieldshouldbeginwithG729-.ThenclickRegister.Your
registrationinformationwillbesecurelysenttoDigiumsregistration
server.
Theregistrationprocessmaytakeafewminutestocomplete.Amessage
boxwillappeartoletyouknowoncethefirmwarehasfinishedupdating.
YoumustrebootyourAsteriskAppliance50inorderforthesechangesto
takeeffect.ClickOptionsontheleftmenu,selecttheReboottab,and
Digium,Inc. Page128

thenclickReboot Nowtorebootyourappliance.Rebootingyour
AsteriskAppliance50willterminateanyactivecalls.
Iftheregistrationprocessfails,pleaseconfirmthatyouhaveenteredthe
G.729licensekeycorrectly,andthatafirewallisnotblockingthe
AsteriskAppliance50fromcommunicatingwithDigiumsregistration
serveronTCPport443.
IfyoudonotcurrentlyownaG.729codeclicense,clickBuy new G729
Codec Licenses tobedirectedtoapagewhereyoucanpurchaseG.729
codeclicenses.
Digium,Inc. Page129

Backup
ThisisahousekeepingtabwhichallowsyoutobackupyourAsterisk
Appliance50configurationtopreserveyourchanges.Tocreateabackup,
clickCreate New Backup,specifyafilename(e.g.thebackupdate),and
selectwhetheryouwanttoalsobackupvoicemailsandcustomprompts.
Youcanthendownloadapreviouslycreatedbackup,restorefromthe
backup,deletethebackupfile,oruploadabackupfromanothermachine.
Figure49:BackupPage
Digium,Inc. Page130

Update
TheUpdatestabprovidesaninterfacefordownloadingoruploading
newerAsteriskAppliance50firmwareimages,andfordownloading
newerPolycomfirmwareandbootromimagestotheAsteriskAppliance
50.CustomerswithanactiveServiceSubscriptionmayvisitthe
Digium.comwebsitetoregistertheirAsteriskAppliance50,activatetheir
ServiceSubscription,anddownloadsoftwareupdatesfortheAsterisk
Appliance50.
Figure50:AsteriskAppliance50Update
TherearetwointerfacesforputtinganewAsteriskAppliance50
firmwareimageontheAsteriskAppliance50.Thefirstsectionprovides
theusertheabilitytospecifyalocationfromwhichtheAsterisk
Appliance50willconnectanddownloadtheupdatedsoftware.Theuser
mayspecifyanabsoluteHTTPlocationsuchas:http://company.com/
downloads/software.img,ortheaddressandfilenameonanaccessible
TFTPserver.Thesecondsectionprovidesaweb-basedinterfacefor
Digium,Inc. Page131

uploadingsoftwareupdates.Here,theusermayclickBrowse,selecta
localcopyofthenewsoftware,andclickUpload.
Figure51:PolycomUpdate
ClickUpdate Polycom firmwaretoupdatethePolycomfirmwareor
bootromimagesontheAsteriskAppliance50.Alinkisprovidedunder
theDownload new Firmware buttontogetthelatestarchivenames.The
firmwareandbootromarchivenamesmustbespecifiedexactlyasthey
areatthatlinkinorderfortheupdatetocompletesuccessfully.Click
Download new Firmware afteryouhavespecifiedthelatestarchive
namesinthefirmwareandbootromfields.
Thedownloadprocessmaytakeafewminutestocomplete,andeven
longerifyournetworkbandwidthislimited.Amessageboxwillappear
oncethefirmwarehasfinisheddownloading.
ThePolycomfirmwareandbootromimageswillbeinstalledduringthe
nextrebootcycleoftheAsteriskAppliance50.
Digium,Inc. Page132

ClickOptionsontheleftmenu,selecttheReboottab,andthenclick
Reboot Now torebootyourappliance.RebootingyourAsterisk
Appliance50willterminateanyactivecalls.
Note: Thenextrebootcyclewillbeincreasedbyapproximately5
minutesduringtheinstallationprocess.Inaddition,youmustreboot
yourPolycomphonesinorderforthemtodownloadthenewfirmware
andbootromimagesfromtheAsteriskAppliance50.
Digium,Inc. Page133
Options
Theoptionstabprovidesseveraloptionswhichallowyoutochangethe
passwordforyourAsteriskGUIlogon,modifylocalextensionandagent
settings,aswellasreboottheAsteriskAppliance50.TheAdvancedtab
allowsyoutoenableordisableadvancedoptions.Thebasicoptionsare
displayedbydefault.PleaserefertotheAdvanced Optionssectionfora
descriptionoftheadvancedoptions.
Figure52:AsteriskAppliance50Options
Digium,Inc. Page134

General Preferences
TheGeneral Preferences tabgivesyouseveralusefulglobalsettingsfor
yourAsteriskAppliance50.
Global Outbound CID-ThissettingspecifiesthedefaultglobalCal-
lerIDthatisusedforalloutgoingcallswhennootherCallerIDofa
higherpriorityisspecified.
Global Outbound CID Name-ThissettingspecifiesthedefaultCal-
lerIDnamethatisusedforalloutgoingcalls.Youmaywishtosetthis
toyourcompanysname.Leavethisvalueblankifyouwanttheusers
CallerIDnametoappearonoutboundcalls.
Operator Extension- Selecttheuserextensionfromthedrop-down
listwhichwillbedialedwhenauserorcallerpresses0toexitvoice-
mail.ItisalsoavailableasaVoiceMenuoption.
Ring Timeout-Specifythenumberofsecondstoringadevicebefore
sendingacalltoausersvoicemailboxorFollowMenumbers.
Enable Idle Image Display - Selectthisoptiontoenablethedisplay
ofanimageonaphonesLCDdisplaywhenthephoneisidle.
VoIP Phone Digit Map-Thisoptiongivesyoutheabilitytodefinea
globaldigitmappingstringcompatiblewithRFC3435,section2.1.5,
tobeusedwithVoIPphonesprovisionedbythissystem.Thereisno
defaultsetting,andthisoptiondoesnotsyncwiththedialplan
assignedtoanindividualuser.Thefollowingexamplesshouldassistin
writinganacceptabledigitmappingstring.
[2-9]11- Callsbeginningwithdigits2-9,followedbydigits11,are
dialedimmediately.
0T -Callsbeginningwithdigit0aredialedaftertheDigitTimeout
isreached.
Digium,Inc. Page135

+011xxx.T- Callsbeginningwiththe+character,followedby011
digits,andthenatleastthreemoredigitsbeforeanyarbitrarynum-
berismatched,aredialedaftertheDigitTimeoutisreached.
0[2-9]xxxxxxxxx -Callsbeginningwith0,followedbyanydigit
from2-9,followedby9moredigits,aredialedimmediately.
+1[2-9]xxxxxxxx-Callsbeginningwiththe+character,followed
by1,followedbyanydigitfrom2-9,followedby8moredigits,are
dialedimmediately.
[2-9]xxxxxxxxx-Callsbeginningwithanydigitfrom2-9,followed
by9moredigits,aredialedimmediately.
[2-9]xxxT- Callsbeginningwithanydigitfrom2-9,followedby
threemoredigits,aredialedaftertheDigitTimeoutisreached.
Theseexampleswouldberepresentedinthisoptionentryboxas:
[2-9]11|0T|+011xxx.T|0[2-9]xxxxxxxxx|+1[2-9]xxxxxxxx|[2-
9]xxxxxxxxx|[2-9]xxxT
Eachentryisseparatedbythe|character.Formoreinformation,
pleaserefertoRFC3435.
VoIP Phone Digit Timeout-Thisoptionspecifiesthenumberofsec-
ondsthephonewillwaitafteradigitisdialedbeforetryingtoestab-
lishacallwhenadigitmappatternhasnotbeenmatched.Thismust
bedefinedasaninteger.
Extension Preferences - Thissectiongivesyoutheabilitytodefine
thenumericalrangeforallextensiontypes.
Language
TheLanguage tabgivesyoutheabilitytospecifythedefaultlanguage
forallpromptsforphonetophone,inbound,andoutboundcalls.Ifa
soundpackselectionismade,butthesoundpackisnotalreadyinstalled,
Digium,Inc. Page136

thesoundpackwillbedownloadedfromtheDigiumwebsite.English,
Spanish,andFrenchpromptsareloadedbydefault.
Change Password
TheChange Password tabgivesyoutheabilitytochangeyour
administratorpassword.
Digium,Inc. Page137

Factory Reset
TheFactory Reset tabgivesyoutheabilitytoresetyourAsterisk
Appliance50tothefactorydefaults.Warning: IfyouresetyourAsterisk
Appliance50tofactorydefaults,youwillloseallconfigurationchanges.
Besuretomakeabackupofyourconfigurationbeforeresettingyour
AsteriskAppliance50.
Reboot
TheReboot tabgivesyoutheabilitytorebootyourAsteriskAppliance
50.Someconfigurationchangesyoumakemayrequireasystemreboot.
Warning: Rebootingtheappliancewillterminateallactivecalls.
Advanced Options
Thereareseveraladvancedoptionswhichcanbemadeaccessiblefrom
theOptions page.Thisgivesadvanceduserswithabackgroundin
AsterisktheabilitytorefinetheAsteriskAppliance50configuration.
ClickingShow Advanced Options providesadditionaladvancedoptions
undercertainexistingmenupages,andalsoactivatesseveraladvanced
menuitemsonthelefthandsidebar.
Note: Digiumdoesnotprovidesupportfortheoptionswhichare
madeaccessiblebyselectingShow Advanced Optionsnorforbugs
discoveredintheoptionswhicharemadeaccessiblebyselecting
Show Advanced Options.Ifyourunitbecomesinoperableduetothe
editingofanoptionwhichismadeaccessiblebyselectingShow
Advanced Options,DigiumTechnicalSupportwillrequestthatyou
resetyourunittoFactoryDefaultconfiguration.
Note: Anychangesmadeontheadvancedoptionspagesmustbe
activatedbyclickingApply ChangesatthetopoftheGUI.
Digium,Inc. Page138

Thefollowingisalistoftheadvancedmenuitemswhichwillbemade
accessiblefromthelefthandsidebarafterselectingShow Advanced
Options:
Active Channels-ThispagedisplaystheactivechannelsonthePBX,
alongwithoptionstotransferacalltoauseronthesystemortohang
upacall.
Bulk Add-Thispagegivesyoutheabilitytoaddmultipleuserstothe
systeminoneeasystep-- importfromaCSV(comma-separatedval-
ues)fileorcreatearangeofextensions.
File Editor - ThispageletsyoueditanyAsteriskconfigurationfile
withintheGUI,aswellascreateanewconfigurationfile.
Asterisk CLI - TheAsteriskCLIisacommandlineinterfacewhich
canbeusedforissuinganyAsteriskcommandorseriesofcommands.
Theresultsofthecommandsaredisplayedinthepanebelowthecom-
mandlinefield.EnterHelpinthecommandlinefieldforalistofcom-
mands.
SIP Settings - TheadvancedSIPsettingscanbeconfiguredfromthis
page.
IAX Settings - TheadvancedIAXsettingscanbeconfiguredfrom
thispage.
Digium,Inc. Page139
Chapter4
Troubleshooting
Where can I find answers to additional questions?
Thereareseveralplacestoinquireformoreinformation:
1. DigiumTechnicalSupport(+1.256.428.6161),orTollFreeintheU.S.
(1.877.344.4861),isavailable7am-8pmCentralTime(GMT-6),
Monday-Friday.
2. Asteriskusersmailinglist(asterisk.org/lists.digium.com).
3. IRCchannel#asteriskon(irc.freenode.net).
Subscription Services Program
DigiumisdedicatedtosupportingyourAsterisksystembyofferingfull
technicalsupportthroughourSubscriptionServicesProgram.The
SubscriptionservicecoverstheAsteriskAppliance50.Throughthis
program,youcanbeateaseknowingthatyourbusinesswillalwayshave
accesstotheAsteriskexperts.PricingonSubscriptionServicesmaybe
obtainedfromyournearestreselleroryoumaycallDigiumSalesfor
referraltoyournearestresellerat+1.256.428.6000.Youcanalsovisit
http://www.digium.com/sales.
Digium,Inc. Page140
AppendixA
PinAssignments
ThisappendixprovidespinassignmentsfortheAsteriskAppliance
50unit.
LAN
Ports
Craft
Port
WAN
Port
Analog
Ports
FigureA-1:BackPanelPorts
AlleightanalogportsontheAsteriskAppliance50are8-pinRJ11ports.
ThepinassignmentsareidentifiedinTableA-2.
Digium,Inc. Page141
AppendixA:PinAssignments
TableA-1:CRAFTPortPinout
Diagram Pin Description
Pin8 Pin1
1 Ground(ConnecttoDB9pin5)
2 Unused(LeaveOpen)
3 PrimaryRxD(ToAA50)
(ConnecttoDB9Pin3)
4 Open
5 Tx(FromAA50)
(ConnecttoDB9Pin2)
6
CTS(ToAA50)
(ConnecttoDB9Pin7)
7 Open
8
RTS(FromAA50)(Connectto
DB9Pin8)
TheCRAFTportserialparametersare576008N1(57600bitspersecond,
8databits,noparity,1stopbit),withhardwareflowcontrol=no,
softwareflowcontrol=yes.
Digium,Inc. Page142
TableA-2:RJ11AnalogPortConnector
Pin6 Pin1
1 Unused
2 Unused
3 Tip
4 Ring
5 Unused
6 Unused
Digium,Inc. Page143
TableA-3:LAN&WANEthernetPortPinouts
Pin8 Pin1
1 RxReceiveNegative
2 RxReceivePositive
3 TxTransmitNegative
4 Unused
5 Unused
6 TxTransmitPositive
7 Unused
8 Unused
Digium,Inc. Page144
AppendixB
Specifications
Thisappendixprovidesspecifications,requiredenvironmental
conditions,andmaximumpowerconsumptionfortheAsterisk
Appliance50unit.
Physical.
Size: 11.77.51.72(29.72x19.05x4.37cm)
Weight: FullAssembly1.4lbs(635g)
Interfaces.
LANPorts-QuadRJ4510/100baseT
WANPort-RJ4510/100baseT
AnalogPorts-OctalRJ11
CraftPort-RJ45,576008N1
DCPower- 6.3mmO.D.,2mmpin;12V3Acenterpositive
CompactFlash-Type1
Environment.
Temperature:0to40C(32to104F)operation
-20to70C(4to158F)storage
Humidity: Upto90%non-condensing
Digium,Inc. Page145

AppendixB:Specifications
TableB-4:Maximum12VPowerConsumption
Item Power
Total
EachFXSportinusewith3RENload
36Watts
1.5Watts
Note: Powerconsumptionisdeterminedbythenumberofanalog
phonesconnectedtotheFXSportsandtheRENratingofthe
phones.
Digium,Inc. Page146

AppendixC
AsteriskAppliance50(AA50)LicenseAgreement
DIGIUM END-USER PURCHASE AND LICENSE AGREEMENT
FOR THE ASTERISK APPLIANCE 50
December, 2008
IMPORTANT PLEASE READ CAREFULLY
1. ThisDigiumEnd-UserPurchaseandLicenseAgreement(the
"Agreement")isalegalagreementbetweenDigiumandthelicensee,
purchaserandenduserrespectively(hereinafter,you,Youor
your)oftheDigiumdistributionmedia,embeddedsoftwareand
relateddocumentation(the"Software"),Digiumservices(Services),
andanyDigiumcomputerelectronics(Hardware),entitlements
grantedpursuanttoaSubscriptionAgreement,andrelatedmanuals
(collectivelythe"Products"). Bydownloadingorinstallingthe
SoftwareorinstallingtheHardware,youagreetoandaccepttheterms
andconditionsofthisAgreement. Ifyoudonotaccept,orarenot
authorizedtoacceptthetermsandconditionsofthisAgreement,then
youshouldnotinstalltheSoftwareorHardwareandshouldremove
anyinstalledSoftwareandHardwarefromyourcomputer.
2. GRANT OF LICENSE. Subjecttothetermsandconditionsofthis
AgreementandExhibitB,Digiumgrantsyouanon-exclusive,non-
sublicenseable,non-transferablelicensetousetheSoftwarefor
internalbusinesspurposesandnotforresale,sublicense,leasing,or
providinghostedservicestothird-parties. Softwareshallinclude
Digium,Inc. Page147

AppendixC:AsteriskAppliance50(AA50)LicenseAgreement
anyupgrades,updates,bugfixesormodifiedversions(Upgrades)or
backupcopiesoftheSoftwaresuppliedtoyoubyDigiumoran
authorizedreseller,providedyouholdavalidlicensetotheoriginal
SoftwareandhavepaidanyapplicablefeeforUpgrades.
Notwithstandingtheforegoing,Digiumacknowledgesthatcertain
componentsoftheSoftwarearelicensedfordistributionunderso-
calledopensourcesoftwarelicenses(OpenSourceComponents).
DigiumprovidesalistoftheseOpenSourceComponentsforthe
initiallydistributedversionoftheSoftwareinExhibitB,alongwith
theirrespectivelicenses. Totheextentthetermsofthelicense
applicabletoanOpenSourceComponentprohibitanyofthe
restrictionsinthisAgreementwithrespecttosuchOpenSource
Component,suchrestrictionswillnotapplytosuchOpenSource
Component.
3. RESERVATION OF RIGHTS. Exceptforthelimitedlicenserights
expresslygrantedinthisAgreement,Digiumreservesallrightsinand
totheSoftwareandanymodificationsthereto,includingtitle,
ownership,trademark,copyright,patent,tradesecretandanyother
rightsandinterests. YouwillownonlytheHardware(exclusiveof
SoftwareembeddedintheHardware)andthephysicalmediaonwhich
theSoftwareandassociateddocumentationarereproducedand
distributed. IfyouallowanexistingServicesorSubscription
Agreementplantolapse,youmayberequiredtopayretroactively
annualfeesforallProductsfromthedateofthelapseinorderto
reinstatesuchServices.Productsthatareprovidedorsoldasdemoor
evaluationunits,oraremarkedwiththelegendForEvaluationOnly
orasimilarnotation,arenotauthorizedforcommercialbusinessusein
productionordeployment,butaremadeavailableonlyfor
demonstrationorevaluationpurposes,andmaynotberesoldor
Digium,Inc. Page148
transferredtoanythirdpartywithoutpriorwrittenpermissionfrom
Digium.
4. EMERGENCY CALLS. Youunderstandandacknowledgethatthe
Productsmaybeusedtoimplement,supplement,orreplacetelephone
systemsandtelecommunicationsservices,andthatinsomecases,
certaingovernmentregulationsmayapplytotheirimplementationor
use;andcompliancewithsuchregulationsisyoursoleresponsibility.
Youunderstandandacknowledgethatusersofthesystemonwhich
youinstalltheProductsmayattempttousethatsystemtoplace
emergencycalls. Youacknowledgeandagreethat:theProductsmust
beproperlyconfiguredforyoursystemorapplication;thatthenature
oftheProductsandanynetworkstheymayoperateuponallowmany
possibleconfigurations;thatsuchconfigurationmaybebeyondthe
scopeofthedocumentationsuppliedwiththeProducts;andthat
specializedexperienceandtrainingmayberequiredtoproperly
configuretheProducts. Youacknowledgeandagreethatitisyoursole
responsibilitytoensurethattheProductsandassociatednetworksand
systemsareimplementedandconfiguredsuchthatemergencycallsare
properlyhandled,andthatanysystemorapplicationbasedonthe
Productscomplieswithallapplicablelawsandregulations. You
acknowledgeandagreethattelephoneandtelecommunications
systemscanbecomplexandmustbeinstalled,implemented,and
configuredbytheappropriatetechnicallyqualifiedpersonnel,andthat
youoryourauthorizedagentshavethequalificationsnecessaryto
properlyimplementandconfiguretheProductstohandleemergency
calls,ifapplicable. Youfurtheracknowledgeandagreethatitisyour
soleandongoingresponsibilitytoensuretheproperoperationofany
emergencycallingsystembasedontheProducts,including,butnot
limitedto:initiallyandregularlytestingtheoperationoftheProducts,
Digium,Inc. Page149

includingtestingtheoperationwithemergencyservices;notifying
andtrainingallusersofanysystemonwhichtheProductsareinstalled
howtousethesystemforemergencycalls;andnotifyingsuchusersof
anyandalllimitationsofyourconfigurationandimplementationsof
theProductsandanynetworkorsystemtheProductsareusedonor
with. ByusingtheProductsunderthisAgreement,youexplicitly
releaseDigiumfromanywarranty,duty,liability,orobligationtotrain
youoranyusersofyoursystemregardingtheproperconfiguration,
operation,oruseoftheProductsoranysystemornetworktheyare
usedinconjunctionwithonwhichitisinstalled;toensurethatyour
configuration,implementation,oruseoftheProductsprovidesforthe
properhandlingorroutingofemergencycalls;ortoensurethatyour
useoftheProductsisincompliancewithanyapplicablelawsand
regulations.
5. LIMITED WARRANTY
5.1 Limited Warranty - Software.Digiumwarrantsthatthe
SoftwarewillsubstantiallyconformtoDigiumsspecificationsasset
forthintheapplicabledocumentation,atandfromthedateoforiginal
retailpurchaseoftheSoftwareforaperiodofninetydaysprovided
thattheSoftwareisproperlyinstalledandusedascontemplatedinits
documentation.Digiumssoleobligationandyoursoleremedyfora
breachoftheforegoingwarrantyshallbetoreplacethenon-
conformingSoftwarewithsoftwaresubstantiallyconformingto
Digiumsspecificationsortorefundfeesasdescribedbelow.Digium
furtherwarrantsthatthemediaonwhichDigiumdeliverstheSoftware
willbefreeofphysicaldefectsforaperiodofninetydaysorwillbe
replacedbyDigium. ExceptasotherwiseagreedbyDigiumin
writing,thereplacementSoftwareissubjecttothetermsand
Digium,Inc. Page150

conditionsofthisAgreement.IfDigiumdeterminesinitssole
discretionthatamaterialnon-conformancecannotbecorrected,orthat
itisnotpracticaltoreplacethenonconformingSoftware,theprice
paidbytheoriginallicenseefortheSoftwarewillberefundedby
Digiumtoyouandthelicensegrantautomaticallyterminated,in
whichcaseyouwillpromptlyreturntoDigiumordestroythe
Softwareandanycopiesinyourpossession.
5.2 Limited Warranty - Hardware. Digiumwarrantsthatthe
Hardwarewillbefreefrommaterialdefectsinworkmanshipand
materialsfromthedateoforiginalpurchasebyyouforaperiodoftwo
years. Digiumssoleobligationshallbetorepairorreplacethe
defectiveHardwareduringthewarrantyperiodatnochargetoyouor
torefundasdescribedbelow.Suchrepairorreplacementwillbe
performedbyDigiumoritsauthorizedrepresentative.Digiummayin
itssolediscretionreplacethedefectiveHardware(oranypartthereof)
withareconditionedproductdeterminedbyDigiumasmaterially
equivalentorbetterthanthedefectiveHardware.Repairedor
replacementHardwarecontinuestollingtheoriginalwarrantyperiod
fromthedateoforiginalretailpurchase.
5.3 LimitedWarrantyServicesANDSUBSCRIPTION
AGREEMENTS. DigiumwarrantsitwillperformServicesand/or
deliverentitlements(whichshallbedefinedinaSubscription
Agreement)toyouinamannerconsistentwithreasonablyapplicable
industrystandards. AsyoursoleremedyandDigiumssoleliability
forbreachoftheforegoingwarranty,Digiumwillre-performor
remedyatnochargetoyouanynon-conformingperformancereported
byyouwithintendaysofDigium'sreceiptofnotificationofbreachof
theforegoingwarranty. Digiumshallincludetechnicalsupportand/or
Digium,Inc. Page151

delivertheSubscriptionAgreemententitlementsfortheProductsin
accordancewiththepolicies,termsandconditionssetforthonthe
DigiumwebsitefortheProductsyoupurchase. Youmayelectto
renewyoursupportorSubscriptionAgreementfromDigiumat
DigiumsthencurrentratesunlesssuchProductsandassociated
ServicesarediscontinuedinDigiumssolediscretion.Youwillbe
informedofthesubscriptionentitlements,andtermsandconditions
(SubscriptionAgreement)duringtheProductregistrationprocess.A
currentcopyoftheentitlementsmaybeviewedonDigium'swebsite
andisincorporatedinthisAgreementbyreference.Digiummay
amendtheSubscriptionAgreementatanytime.Youareresponsible
forreviewingDigium'swebsiteforchangesinthetermsand
conditionsoftheSubscriptionAgreement.InthecasewhereProduct
registrationisrequiredinordertoactivateaSubscriptionAgreement,
thatSubscriptionAgreementshallbeconsideredactivatedandlegally
bindingbeginninguponthedateofProductregistration.However,
shouldyoufailtoregistertheproductwithinthirty(30) daysofyour
receiptofProduct,theSubscriptionAgreementshallbeconsidered
activatedandlegallybindingbeginningonthethirtyfirst(31st)day
followingyourreceiptoftheProduct.
5.4 Warranty Disclaimers.Thelimitedwarrantiesprovidedby
Digiumdonotcover(i)Productsthathavebeensubjectedtomisuse,
tampering,modification,experimentation,alteration,negligence,
faultyinstallation;(ii)Productswiththemodelorserialnumber
altered,tamperedwith,orremoved;(iii)Initialinstallation,installation
andremovaloftheProductforrepair,andshippingcosts;(iv)
ConfigurationoftheProduct;(v)Productsthatareprovidedorsoldas
demoorevaluationunits,oraremarkedwiththelegendFor
EvaluationOnlyorasimilarnotation;(vi)Damagethatoccursin
Digium,Inc. Page152

shipmentduetoactofGod,failuresduetopowersurge,andcosmetic
damage;(vii)Anyhardware,software,firmwareorothermaterialsor
servicesprovidedbyanyoneotherthanDigium;or(viii)Repairby
anyoneotherthanDigiumorDigiumsauthorizedrepresentative.
UnlessunderacurrentServicescontractwithDigium,youshallnot
upgradeorupdateProductusingsoftwareofanyoriginexcept
commercialversionsoftheSoftwarereleasedtoyoubyDigiumorits
authorizeddistributorsfromtimetotime. theproductisprovided
withoutanyimpliedwarrantiesofanykindwhatsoever,including,
withoutlimitation,anyimpliedwarrantyofmerchantability,fitnessfor
aparticularpurposeandnon-infringement.Exceptasexpressly
coveredunderthelimitedwarrantyprovidedherein,digiumdisclaims
alllaibilityastothequality,selectionandperformance.
6. Return Material Authorization. IfreturningaProductunder
warranty,youmustincludewiththeProductawrittendescriptionof
theHardwaredefectorSoftwarenonconformanceinsufficientdetail
toallowDigiumtoconfirmsuchdetermination. Priortoreturninga
ProductunderwarrantytoDigium,theoriginalpurchasermustobtain
aReturnMaterialAuthorization(RMA)inaccordancewiththe
DigiumpolicyineffectatthetimeaspublishedontheDigiumweb
site.YoumustpackagethewarrantedProductintheoriginalshipping
packagetoensurethatitwillnotbedamagedintransit,withtheRMA
numberprominentlymarkedontheoutsideofthepackage. No
manualsoraccessoriesshouldbereturnedtoDigium,andDigiumwill
onlyrefundorreplacethedefectiveportionoftheProduct,butwillnot
shipbackanyothermaterial.Digiumwillshiprepairedorreplaced
ProductstoyouviaUPSGroundoranycommoncarrierselectedby
Digium,withshippingchargesprepaid.Youmayrequestandprepay
expeditedshipping. Digiumhasnoresponsibilityforpackagesthat
Digium,Inc. Page153
arelostintransittoDigium. Digiumwillnotbeobligatedtoaccept
physicalreturnofanySoftware.
7. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. Tothemaximumextentpermitted
bylaw,Digiumisnotliableunderanycontract,negligence,strict
liabilityorotherlegalorequitabletheoryforanylossofuseofthe
Products,inconvenienceorindirectdamagesofanycharacter,whether
special,incidentalorconsequential(including,butnotlimitedto,loss
ofrevenueorprofit,workstoppage,computerfailureormalfunction,
failureofconnectedequipmentorprograms,lossofinformationor
dataorlossofgoodwill)resultingfromtheuseoftheProducts,
relatingtowarrantyservice,orarisingoutofanybreachofthis
Agreement,evenifDigiumhasbeenadvisedofthepossibilityofsuch
damages.Thesoleremedyforabreachoftheforegoinglimited
warrantyisrepair,replacementorrefundofthedefectiveornon-
conformingproduct. ThemaximumliabilityofDigiumunderthis
AgreementislimitedtothepurchasepriceoftheapplicableProducts.
Theforegoingexpresswrittenwarrantiesandremediesareexclusive
andinlieuofanyotherwarrantiesorremedies,express,impliedor
statutory.
8. PROPRIETARY WORKS. TheProductscontaintrademarks,trade
secretsand/orcopyrightedmaterialsofDigiumoritssuppliers.
8.1Youagreenottoreverseengineer,decompile,ordisassemblethe
Software,excepttotheextentsuchrestrictionisexpresslyprohibited
byapplicablelaw. Youshallnotdiscloseormakeavailablesuchtrade
secretsorcopyrightedmaterialinanyformtoanythirdpartynor
removeanytrademarknotices,copyrightnotices,orlicensingterms
fromtheSoftwareoranycomponentstherein.
Digium,Inc. Page154
8.2 Youwillnot,withoutDigiumwrittenconsent,usethename,
trademarks,tradenamesorlogosofDigium,orthenameofany
productorserviceofDigium,inanymanner. IfDigiumgrantsyoua
righttousetheaforementioned,youwilldosoonlyinstrict
compliancewithDigiumtrademarkpolicies.
8.3YouagreenottoforkanyversionofthecomponentsofSoftware
licensedtoyoubyDigiumorpromoteorcontributetoanyforkofthe
componentsofSoftwarelicensedtoyoubyDigium.Forpurposesof
thisAgreement,"fork"meansaroyaltyfreeGNUGeneralPurpose
License(GPL) orGPL-compatibledistributionoftheSoftwarethat
isindependentoftheDigium-maintainedSoftwarecodebase.
9. TERMINATION. ThisAgreementshallterminateupon either
destructionoftheProductsorreturnoftheProductsbyyoutoDigium.
Intheeventofabreachofthescopeofusepermittedbythegrantin
Section2,orifyoudonotcomplywithothermaterialstermsand
conditionsofthisAgreement,Digiumshallhavetherightto
immediatelyterminatethisAgreement,inwhichcaseyoumust
promptlydestroyorreturnallProductstoDigium. Notwithstanding
theforegoing,theprovisionsofSections5.4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13and
14shallsurviveterminationofthisAgreement.
10.EXPORT RESTRICTION. YouacknowledgethattheSoftware,
withthepossibleexceptionofcertainthird-partycomponents,isof
U.S.origin. Youagreetocomplywithapplicabledomesticand
internationallawsthatapplytotheSoftware,includingtheU.S.
ExportAdministrationRegulationsandotherlimitationsissuedby
Digium,Inc. Page155

U.S.andforeigngovernments.
11. TRANSFER AND ASSIGNMENT. ThisAgreementandtherights
andobligationsunderitarenotassignablebyyouwithouttheprior
writtenapprovalofDigium,voluntarilyorbyoperationoflaw.Any
attemptbyyoutoassignthisAgreementwithoutsuchapprovalshall
bevoid.ThisAgreementshallinuretothebenefitofthesuccessors
andassignsofDigium.Notwithstandingtheforegoing,youmaymove
theSoftwaretodifferentinternalcomputerstotheextentconsistent
withthescopeoflicenseyouhavepurchasedtotheSoftware.
12.U.S. GOVERNMENT USERS. TheSoftwareanddocumentation
qualifyascommercialitemsasdefinedat48C.F.R.2.101and48
C.F.R.12.212. AllGovernmentusersacquiretheSoftwareand
documentationwithonlythoserightshereinthatapplytonon-
governmentalcustomersofDigium.
13.GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION.ThisAgreementisto
beconstruedinaccordancewithandgovernedbylawsoftheStateof
Alabama,excludingitsconflictoflawprovisions.Digiumandyou
agreetosubmittothepersonalandexclusivejurisdictionof,andagree
thatvenueisproperin,theAlabamaStateorFederalCourtslocatedin
theCountyofMadison,Alabama,foranysuchlegalactionor
proceeding.TheUnitedNationsConventiononInternationalSaleof
Goods,theapplicationofwhichisexpresslyexcluded,doesnot
governthisAgreement.
14.ENTIRE AGREEMENT.ThisAgreementandExhibitBconstitute
theentireunderstandingbetweenthepartiesrelatingtothesubject
Digium,Inc. Page156

matterhereofandsupersedeallpriorwritings,negotiationsor
understandingswithrespectthereto. TheprovisionsofthisAgreement
shalltakeprecedenceoveranyconflictingtermsinanysubsequent
purchaseorder,documentationorcollateral.Thepartiesagreethat
thisAgreementmaybeexecutedelectronicallyandthatelectronic
copiesofthisAgreementshallbebindingupontheparties.
Digium,Inc. Page157

EXHIBIT B OPEN SOURCE COMPONENTS
1. OPEN SOURCE LICENSES. Digiumacknowledgesthatthe
componentsofSoftwarelistedinthisExhibitarelicensedfor
distributionunderso-calledopensourcedistributionlicenses,and
includesthelicensesforthosecomponentsincompliancewiththe
licenseterms.
Youmayobtaindistributionmediacontainingthesourcecodefor
thesecomponentsfromDigiumbycontactingDigiumat:
PostalService:
Digium,Inc.
SalesDepartment
445JanDavisDriveNW
Huntsville,AL35806
Electronicmail:
http://www.digium.com/sales
Viaeithermeans,youmayorderproductcode8AA50GPLCD,which
hasaunitcostofUS$1.00,andwillbeshippedtoyouafterpaymentof
shippinghandlingcharges(US$20.00forUnitedStatesdestinations
andUS$50.00forallotherdestinations).Ordersplacedviaelectronic
mailmustbepaidviaaDigium-acceptedcreditcard;ordersviapostal
servicecanbepaideitherviacreditcardoracheckdrawnonaUnited
Statesbank.
Digium,Inc. Page158

2. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE VERSION 2
COMPONENTS. Thefollowingcomponentsarelicensedunder
version2oftheGNUGeneralPublicLicense(includedasExhibit
B.1).
Linuxkernel libnetold
ext2fs uuid
libipq libiptc
busybox gdbserver
e2fsck mke2fs
iwconfig inetd
ssmtp dnsmasq
dhcpcd version
expand
LinuxisaregisteredtrademarkofLinusTorvalds.
3. GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE VERSION 2
COMPONENTS. Thefollowingcomponentsarelicensedunder
version2oftheGNULesserGeneralPublicLicense(includedas
ExhibitB.9).
Digium,Inc. Page159

uClibc gettext
libiconv gmime
glib
4. OTHER OPEN SOURCE LICENSES.Thefollowingcomponents
arelicensedundervariouslicenses,includedinthelistedexhibits.
ncurses ExhibitB.2
dropbear ExhibitB.3
OpenSSL ExhibitB.4
ftp ExhibitB.5
ntpandntpdate ExhibitB.6
zlib ExhibitB.7
ssandetlibraries ExhibitB.8
libpcap ExhibitB.10
tcpdump ExhibitB.11
Digium,Inc. Page160

EXHIBIT B.1 - GNU General Public License Version 2
GNUGENERALPUBLICLICENSE
Version2,June1991
Copyright(C)1989,1991FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc.
59TemplePlace,Suite330,Boston,MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyoneispermittedtocopyanddistributeverbatimcopiesofthis
licensedocument,butchangingitisnotallowed.
Preamble
Thelicensesformostsoftwarearedesignedtotakeawayyourfreedomto
shareandchangeit. Bycontrast,theGNUGeneralPublicLicenseis
intendedtoguaranteeyourfreedomtoshareandchangefreesoftware--to
makesurethesoftwareisfreeforallitsusers. ThisGeneralPublic
LicenseappliestomostoftheFreeSoftwareFoundation'ssoftwareandto
anyotherprogramwhoseauthorscommittousingit. (SomeotherFree
SoftwareFoundationsoftwareiscoveredbytheGNULibraryGeneral
PublicLicenseinstead.)Youcanapplyittoyourprograms,too.
Whenwespeakoffreesoftware,wearereferringtofreedom,notprice.
OurGeneralPublicLicensesaredesignedtomakesurethatyouhavethe
freedomtodistributecopiesoffreesoftware(andchargeforthisserviceif
youwish),thatyoureceivesourcecodeorcangetitifyouwantit,that
youcanchangethesoftwareorusepiecesofitinnewfreeprograms;and
thatyouknowyoucandothesethings.
Toprotectyourrights,weneedtomakerestrictionsthatforbidanyoneto
denyyoutheserightsortoaskyoutosurrendertherights.These
Digium,Inc. Page161

restrictionstranslatetocertainresponsibilitiesforyouifyoudistribute
copiesofthesoftware,orifyoumodifyit.
Forexample,ifyoudistributecopiesofsuchaprogram,whethergratisor
forafee,youmustgivetherecipientsalltherightsthatyouhave. You
mustmakesurethatthey,too,receiveorcangetthesourcecode. And
youmustshowthemthesetermssotheyknowtheirrights.
Weprotectyourrightswithtwosteps:(1)copyrightthesoftware,and(2)
offeryouthislicensewhichgivesyoulegalpermissiontocopy,distribute
and/ormodifythesoftware.
Also,foreachauthor'sprotectionandours,wewanttomakecertainthat
everyoneunderstandsthatthereisnowarrantyforthisfreesoftware. If
thesoftwareismodifiedbysomeoneelseandpassedon,wewantits
recipientstoknowthatwhattheyhaveisnottheoriginal,sothatany
problemsintroducedbyotherswillnotreflectontheoriginalauthors'
reputations.
Finally,anyfreeprogramisthreatenedconstantlybysoftwarepatents.
Wewishtoavoidthedangerthatredistributorsofafreeprogramwill
individuallyobtainpatentlicenses,ineffectmakingtheprogram
proprietary. Topreventthis,wehavemadeitclearthatanypatentmust
belicensedforeveryone'sfreeuseornotlicensedatall.
Theprecisetermsandconditionsforcopying,distributionand
modificationfollow.
GNUGENERALPUBLICLICENSE
Digium,Inc. Page162

TERMSANDCONDITIONSFORCOPYING,DISTRIBUTIONAND
MODIFICATION
0. ThisLicenseappliestoanyprogramorotherworkwhichcontainsa
noticeplacedbythecopyrightholdersayingitmaybedistributed
underthetermsofthisGeneralPublicLicense. The"Program",
below,referstoanysuchprogramorwork,anda"workbasedonthe
Program"meanseithertheProgramoranyderivativeworkunder
copyrightlaw:thatistosay,aworkcontainingtheProgramora
portionofit,eitherverbatimorwithmodificationsand/ortranslated
intoanotherlanguage. (Hereinafter,translationisincludedwithout
limitationintheterm"modification".) Eachlicenseeisaddressedas
"you".
Activitiesotherthancopying,distributionandmodificationarenot
coveredbythisLicense;theyareoutsideitsscope.Theactofrunningthe
Programisnotrestricted,andtheoutputfromtheProgramiscovered
onlyifitscontentsconstituteaworkbasedontheProgram(independent
ofhavingbeenmadebyrunningtheProgram).Whetherthatistrue
dependsonwhattheProgramdoes.
1. YoumaycopyanddistributeverbatimcopiesoftheProgram'ssource
codeasyoureceiveit,inanymedium,providedthatyou
conspicuouslyandappropriatelypublishoneachcopyanappropriate
copyrightnoticeanddisclaimerofwarranty;keepintactallthenotices
thatrefertothisLicenseandtotheabsenceofanywarranty;andgive
anyotherrecipientsoftheProgramacopyofthisLicensealongwith
theProgram.
Digium,Inc. Page163

Youmaychargeafeeforthephysicalactoftransferringacopy,andyou
mayatyouroptionofferwarrantyprotectioninexchangeforafee.
2. YoumaymodifyyourcopyorcopiesoftheProgramoranyportionof
it,thusformingaworkbasedontheProgram,andcopyanddistribute
suchmodificationsorworkunderthetermsofSection1above,
providedthatyoualsomeetalloftheseconditions:
a)Youmustcausethemodifiedfilestocarryprominentnoticesstating
thatyouchangedthefilesandthedateofanychange.
b)Youmustcauseanyworkthatyoudistributeorpublish,thatinwhole
orinpartcontainsorisderivedfromtheProgramoranypartthereof,to
belicensedasawholeatnochargetoallthirdpartiesunderthetermsof
thisLicense.
c) Ifthemodifiedprogramnormallyreadscommandsinteractivelywhen
run,youmustcauseit,whenstartedrunningforsuchinteractiveuseinthe
mostordinaryway,toprintordisplayanannouncementincludingan
appropriatecopyrightnoticeandanoticethatthereisnowarranty(or
else,sayingthatyouprovideawarranty)andthatusersmayredistribute
theprogramundertheseconditions,andtellingtheuserhowtoviewa
copyofthisLicense. (Exception:iftheProgramitselfisinteractivebut
doesnotnormallyprintsuchanannouncement,yourworkbasedonthe
Programisnotrequiredtoprintanannouncement.)
Theserequirementsapplytothemodifiedworkasawhole.Ifidentifiable
sectionsofthatworkarenotderivedfromtheProgram,andcanbe
reasonablyconsideredindependentandseparateworksinthemselves,
thenthisLicense,anditsterms,donotapplytothosesectionswhenyou
Digium,Inc. Page164

distributethemasseparateworks.Butwhenyoudistributethesame
sectionsaspartofawholewhichisaworkbasedontheProgram,the
distributionofthewholemustbeonthetermsofthisLicense,whose
permissionsforotherlicenseesextendtotheentirewhole,andthusto
eachandeverypartregardlessofwhowroteit.
Thus,itisnottheintentofthissectiontoclaimrightsorcontestyour
rightstoworkwrittenentirelybyyou;rather,theintentistoexercisethe
righttocontrolthedistributionofderivativeorcollectiveworksbasedon
theProgram.
Inaddition,mereaggregationofanotherworknotbasedontheProgram
withtheProgram(orwithaworkbasedontheProgram)onavolumeofa
storageordistributionmediumdoesnotbringtheotherworkunderthe
scopeofthisLicense.
3. YoumaycopyanddistributetheProgram(oraworkbasedonit,under
Section2)inobjectcodeorexecutableformunderthetermsof
Sections1and2aboveprovidedthatyoualsodooneofthefollowing:
a)Accompanyitwiththecompletecorrespondingmachine-readable
sourcecode,whichmustbedistributedunderthetermsofSections1and
2aboveonamediumcustomarilyusedforsoftwareinterchange;or,
b) Accompanyitwithawrittenoffer,validforatleastthreeyears,togive
anythirdparty,forachargenomorethanyourcostofphysically
performingsourcedistribution,acompletemachine-readablecopyofthe
correspondingsourcecode,tobedistributedunderthetermsofSections1
and2aboveonamediumcustomarilyusedforsoftwareinterchange;or,
Digium,Inc. Page165

c)Accompanyitwiththeinformationyoureceivedastotheofferto
distributecorrespondingsourcecode. (Thisalternativeisallowedonly
fornoncommercialdistributionandonlyifyoureceivedtheprogramin
objectcodeorexecutableformwithsuchanoffer,inaccordwith
Subsectionbabove.)
Thesourcecodeforaworkmeansthepreferredformoftheworkfor
makingmodificationstoit. Foranexecutablework,completesource
codemeansallthesourcecodeforallmodulesitcontains,plusany
associatedinterfacedefinitionfiles,plusthescriptsusedtocontrol
compilationandinstallationoftheexecutable. However,asaspecial
exception,thesourcecodedistributedneednotincludeanythingthatis
normallydistributed(ineithersourceorbinaryform)withthemajor
components(compiler,kernel,andsoon)oftheoperatingsystemon
whichtheexecutableruns,unlessthatcomponentitselfaccompaniesthe
executable.
Ifdistributionofexecutableorobjectcodeismadebyofferingaccessto
copyfromadesignatedplace,thenofferingequivalentaccesstocopythe
sourcecodefromthesameplacecountsasdistributionofthesourcecode,
eventhoughthirdpartiesarenotcompelledtocopythesourcealongwith
theobjectcode.
4. Youmaynotcopy,modify,sublicense,ordistributetheProgram
exceptasexpresslyprovidedunderthisLicense. Anyattempt
otherwisetocopy,modify,sublicenseordistributetheProgramis
void,andwillautomaticallyterminateyourrightsunderthisLicense.
However,partieswhohavereceivedcopies,orrights,fromyouunder
thisLicensewillnothavetheirlicensesterminatedsolongassuch
Digium,Inc. Page166

partiesremaininfullcompliance.
5. YouarenotrequiredtoacceptthisLicense,sinceyouhavenotsigned
it. However,nothingelsegrantsyoupermissiontomodifyor
distributetheProgramoritsderivativeworks. Theseactionsare
prohibitedbylawifyoudonotacceptthisLicense. Therefore,by
modifyingordistributingtheProgram(oranyworkbasedonthe
Program),youindicateyouracceptanceofthisLicensetodoso,and
allitstermsandconditionsforcopying,distributingormodifyingthe
Programorworksbasedonit.
6. EachtimeyouredistributetheProgram(oranyworkbasedonthe
Program),therecipientautomaticallyreceivesalicensefromthe
originallicensortocopy,distributeormodifytheProgramsubjectto
thesetermsandconditions. Youmaynotimposeanyfurther
restrictionsontherecipients'exerciseoftherightsgrantedherein.You
arenotresponsibleforenforcingcompliancebythirdpartiestothis
License.
7. If,asaconsequenceofacourtjudgmentorallegationofpatent
infringementorforanyotherreason(notlimitedtopatentissues),
conditionsareimposedonyou(whetherbycourtorder,agreementor
otherwise)thatcontradicttheconditionsofthisLicense,theydonot
excuseyoufromtheconditionsofthisLicense. Ifyoucannot
distributesoastosatisfysimultaneouslyyourobligationsunderthis
Licenseandanyotherpertinentobligations,thenasaconsequenceyou
maynotdistributetheProgramatall. Forexample,ifapatentlicense
wouldnotpermitroyalty-freeredistributionoftheProgrambyall
thosewhoreceivecopiesdirectlyorindirectlythroughyou,thenthe
Digium,Inc. Page167

onlywayyoucouldsatisfybothitandthisLicensewouldbetorefrain
entirelyfromdistributionoftheProgram.
Ifanyportionofthissectionisheldinvalidorunenforceableunderany
particularcircumstance,thebalanceofthesectionisintendedtoapply
andthesectionasawholeisintendedtoapplyinothercircumstances.
Itisnotthepurposeofthissectiontoinduceyoutoinfringeanypatentsor
otherpropertyrightclaimsortocontestvalidityofanysuchclaims;this
sectionhasthesolepurposeofprotectingtheintegrityofthefreesoftware
distributionsystem,whichisimplementedbypubliclicensepractices.
Manypeoplehavemadegenerouscontributionstothewiderangeof
softwaredistributedthroughthatsysteminrelianceonconsistent
applicationofthatsystem;itisuptotheauthor/donortodecideifheor
sheiswillingtodistributesoftwarethroughanyothersystemanda
licenseecannotimposethatchoice.
Thissectionisintendedtomakethoroughlyclearwhatisbelievedtobea
consequenceoftherestofthisLicense.
8. Ifthedistributionand/oruseoftheProgramisrestrictedincertain
countrieseitherbypatentsorbycopyrightedinterfaces,theoriginal
copyrightholderwhoplacestheProgramunderthisLicensemayadd
anexplicitgeographicaldistributionlimitationexcludingthose
countries,sothatdistributionispermittedonlyinoramongcountries
notthusexcluded. Insuchcase,thisLicenseincorporatesthe
limitationasifwritteninthebodyofthisLicense.
9. TheFreeSoftwareFoundationmaypublishrevisedand/ornew
versionsoftheGeneralPublicLicensefromtimetotime. Suchnew
Digium,Inc. Page168

versionswillbesimilarinspirittothepresentversion,butmaydiffer
indetailtoaddressnewproblemsorconcerns.
Eachversionisgivenadistinguishingversionnumber. IftheProgram
specifiesaversionnumberofthisLicensewhichappliestoitand"any
laterversion",youhavetheoptionoffollowingthetermsandconditions
eitherofthatversionorofanylaterversionpublishedbytheFree
SoftwareFoundation. IftheProgramdoesnotspecifyaversionnumber
ofthisLicense,youmaychooseanyversioneverpublishedbytheFree
SoftwareFoundation.
10.IfyouwishtoincorporatepartsoftheProgramintootherfree
programswhosedistributionconditionsaredifferent,writetothe
authortoaskforpermission.Forsoftwarewhichiscopyrightedbythe
FreeSoftwareFoundation,writetotheFreeSoftwareFoundation;we
sometimesmakeexceptionsforthis. Ourdecisionwillbeguidedby
thetwogoalsofpreservingthefreestatusofallderivativesofourfree
softwareandofpromotingthesharingandreuseofsoftwaregenerally.
NOWARRANTY
11. BECAUSETHEPROGRAMISLICENSEDFREEOFCHARGE,
THEREISNOWARRANTYFORTHEPROGRAM,TOTHE
EXTENTPERMITTEDBYAPPLICABLELAW. EXCEPTWHEN
OTHERWISESTATEDINWRITINGTHECOPYRIGHT
HOLDERSAND/OROTHERPARTIESPROVIDETHE
PROGRAM"ASIS"WITHOUTWARRANTYOFANYKIND,
EITHEREXPRESSEDORIMPLIED,INCLUDING,BUTNOT
LIMITEDTO,THEIMPLIEDWARRANTIESOF
MERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULAR
Digium,Inc. Page169

PURPOSE. THEENTIRERISKASTOTHEQUALITYAND
PERFORMANCEOFTHEPROGRAMISWITHYOU. SHOULD
THEPROGRAMPROVEDEFECTIVE,YOUASSUMETHECOST
OFALLNECESSARYSERVICING,REPAIRORCORRECTION.
12.INNOEVENTUNLESSREQUIREDBYAPPLICABLELAWOR
AGREEDTOINWRITINGWILLANYCOPYRIGHTHOLDER,
ORANYOTHERPARTYWHOMAYMODIFYAND/OR
REDISTRIBUTETHEPROGRAMASPERMITTEDABOVE,BE
LIABLETOYOUFORDAMAGES,INCLUDINGANY
GENERAL,SPECIAL,INCIDENTALORCONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGESARISINGOUTOFTHEUSEORINABILITYTOUSE
THEPROGRAM(INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOLOSSOF
DATAORDATABEINGRENDEREDINACCURATEORLOSSES
SUSTAINEDBYYOUORTHIRDPARTIESORAFAILUREOF
THEPROGRAMTOOPERATEWITHANYOTHER
PROGRAMS),EVENIFSUCHHOLDEROROTHERPARTYHAS
BEENADVISEDOFTHEPOSSIBILITYOFSUCHDAMAGES.
ENDOFTERMSANDCONDITIONS
HowtoApplyTheseTermstoYourNewPrograms
Ifyoudevelopanewprogram,andyouwantittobeofthegreatest
possibleusetothepublic,thebestwaytoachievethisistomakeitfree
softwarewhicheveryonecanredistributeandchangeundertheseterms.
Todoso,attachthefollowingnoticestotheprogram.Itissafesttoattach
themtothestartofeachsourcefiletomosteffectivelyconveythe
exclusionofwarranty;andeachfileshouldhaveatleastthe"copyright"
Digium,Inc. Page170
lineandapointertowherethefullnoticeisfound.
<onelinetogivetheprogram'snameandabriefideaofwhatitdoes.>
Copyright(C)19yy<nameofauthor>
Thisprogramisfreesoftware;youcanredistributeitand/ormodifyit
underthetermsoftheGNUGeneralPublicLicenseaspublishedbythe
FreeSoftwareFoundation;eitherversion2oftheLicense,or
(atyouroption)anylaterversion.
Thisprogramisdistributedinthehopethatitwillbeuseful,but
WITHOUTANYWARRANTY;withouteventheimpliedwarrantyof
MERCHANTABILITYorFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE.
SeetheGNUGeneralPublicLicenseformoredetails.
YoushouldhavereceivedacopyoftheGNUGeneralPublicLicense
alongwiththisprogram;ifnot,writetotheFreeSoftwareFoundation,
Inc.,59TemplePlace,Suite330,Boston,MA02111-1307USA
Alsoaddinformationonhowtocontactyoubyelectronicandpapermail.
Iftheprogramisinteractive,makeitoutputashortnoticelikethiswhenit
startsinaninteractivemode:
Gnomovisionversion69,Copyright(C)19yynameofauthor
GnomovisioncomeswithABSOLUTELYNOWARRANTY;fordetails
type`showw'.
Thisisfreesoftware,andyouarewelcometoredistributeit
undercertainconditions;type`showc'fordetails.
Digium,Inc. Page171

Thehypotheticalcommands`showw'and`showc'shouldshowthe
appropriatepartsoftheGeneralPublicLicense. Ofcourse,the
commandsyouusemaybecalledsomethingotherthan`showw'and
`showc';theycouldevenbemouse-clicksormenuitems--whateversuits
yourprogram.
Youshouldalsogetyouremployer(ifyouworkasaprogrammer)oryour
school,ifany,tosigna"copyrightdisclaimer"fortheprogram,if
necessary. Hereisasample;alterthenames:
Yoyodyne,Inc.,herebydisclaimsallcopyrightinterestintheprogram
`Gnomovision'(whichmakespassesatcompilers)writtenbyJames
Hacker.
<signatureofTyCoon>,1April1989
TyCoon,PresidentofVice
ThisGeneralPublicLicensedoesnotpermitincorporatingyourprogram
intoproprietaryprograms. Ifyourprogramisasubroutinelibrary,you
mayconsideritmoreusefultopermitlinkingproprietaryapplications
withthelibrary. Ifthisiswhatyouwanttodo,usetheGNULibrary
GeneralPublicLicenseinsteadofthisLicense.
Digium,Inc. Page172

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
----

----

----

----

EXHIBIT B.2 - ncurses Licenses
Top-levellicense:
--Copyright(c)1998-2004,2006FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc. --
--Permissionisherebygranted,freeofcharge,toanypersonobtaininga -
-
--copyofthissoftwareandassociateddocumentationfiles(the --
--"Software"),todealintheSoftwarewithoutrestriction,including -
-
--withoutlimitationtherightstouse,copy,modify,merge,publish, -
-
--distribute,distributewithmodifications,sublicense,and/orsellcopies-
-
-- oftheSoftware,andtopermitpersonstowhomtheSoftwareisfurnished-
-
-- todoso,subjecttothefollowingconditions: --
--Theabovecopyrightnoticeandthispermissionnoticeshallbeincluded -
-
--inallcopiesorsubstantialportionsoftheSoftware. --
--THESOFTWAREISPROVIDED"ASIS",WITHOUTWARRANTYOFANYKIND,EXPRESS -
-
--ORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOTHEWARRANTIESOF --
--MERCHANTABILITY,FITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSEANDNONINFRINGEMENT.IN-
-
--NOEVENTSHALLTHEABOVECOPYRIGHTHOLDERSBELIABLEFORANYCLAIM, --
--DAMAGESOROTHERLIABILITY,WHETHERINANACTIONOFCONTRACT,TORTOR -
-
-- OTHERWISE,ARISINGFROM,OUTOFORINCONNECTIONWITHTHESOFTWAREORTHE-
-
--USEOROTHERDEALINGSINTHESOFTWARE. --
--Exceptascontainedinthisnotice,thename(s)oftheabovecopyright -
-
--holdersshallnotbeusedinadvertisingorotherwisetopromotethe --
--sale,useorotherdealingsinthisSoftwarewithoutpriorwritten --
--authorization. --
Digium,Inc. Page173
libmenuandlibform:
/****************************************************************************
*Copyright(c)1998-2003,2004FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc. *
* *
*Permissionisherebygranted,freeofcharge,toanypersonobtaininga*
*copyofthissoftwareandassociateddocumentationfiles(the *
*"Software"),todealintheSoftwarewithoutrestriction,including *
*withoutlimitationtherightstouse,copy,modify,merge,publish, *
*distribute,distributewithmodifications,sublicense,and/orsell *
*copiesoftheSoftware,andtopermitpersonstowhomtheSoftwareis *
*furnishedtodoso,subjecttothefollowingconditions: *
* *
*Theabovecopyrightnoticeandthispermissionnoticeshallbeincluded *
*inallcopiesorsubstantialportionsoftheSoftware. *
* *
*THESOFTWAREISPROVIDED"ASIS",WITHOUTWARRANTYOFANYKIND,EXPRESS *
*ORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOTHEWARRANTIESOF *
*MERCHANTABILITY,FITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSEANDNONINFRINGEMENT. *
*INNOEVENTSHALLTHEABOVECOPYRIGHTHOLDERSBELIABLEFORANYCLAIM, *
*DAMAGESOROTHERLIABILITY,WHETHERINANACTIONOFCONTRACT,TORTOR *
*OTHERWISE,ARISINGFROM,OUTOFORINCONNECTIONWITHTHESOFTWAREOR *
*THEUSEOROTHERDEALINGSINTHESOFTWARE. *
* *
*Exceptascontainedinthisnotice,thename(s)oftheabovecopyright *
*holdersshallnotbeusedinadvertisingorotherwisetopromotethe *
*sale,useorotherdealingsinthisSoftwarewithoutpriorwritten *
*authorization. *
****************************************************************************/
Digium,Inc. Page174
libpanel:
/****************************************************************************
*Copyright(c)1998-2004,2005FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc. *
* *
*Permissionisherebygranted,freeofcharge,toanypersonobtaininga*
*copyofthissoftwareandassociateddocumentationfiles(the *
*"Software"),todealintheSoftwarewithoutrestriction,including *
*withoutlimitationtherightstouse,copy,modify,merge,publish, *
*distribute,distributewithmodifications,sublicense,and/orsell *
*copiesoftheSoftware,andtopermitpersonstowhomtheSoftwareis *
*furnishedtodoso,subjecttothefollowingconditions: *
* *
*Theabovecopyrightnoticeandthispermissionnoticeshallbeincluded *
*inallcopiesorsubstantialportionsoftheSoftware. *
* *
*THESOFTWAREISPROVIDED"ASIS",WITHOUTWARRANTYOFANYKIND,EXPRESS *
*ORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTOTHEWARRANTIESOF *
*MERCHANTABILITY,FITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSEANDNONINFRINGEMENT. *
*INNOEVENTSHALLTHEABOVECOPYRIGHTHOLDERSBELIABLEFORANYCLAIM, *
*DAMAGESOROTHERLIABILITY,WHETHERINANACTIONOFCONTRACT,TORTOR *
*OTHERWISE,ARISINGFROM,OUTOFORINCONNECTIONWITHTHESOFTWAREOR *
*THEUSEOROTHERDEALINGSINTHESOFTWARE. *
* *
*Exceptascontainedinthisnotice,thename(s)oftheabovecopyright *
*holdersshallnotbeusedinadvertisingorotherwisetopromotethe *
*sale,useorotherdealingsinthisSoftwarewithoutpriorwritten *
*authorization. *
****************************************************************************/
Digium,Inc. Page175
EXHIBIT B.3 - dropbear License
Dropbearcontainsanumberofcomponentsfromdifferentsources,hence
thereareafewlicensesandauthorsinvolved.Alllicensesarefairlynon-
restrictive.
ThemajorityofcodeiswrittenbyMattJohnston,underthelicensebelow.
Portionsoftheclient-modeworkare(c)2004MihneaStoenescu,under
thesamelicense:
Copyright(c)2002-2004MattJohnston
Portionscopyright(c)2004MihneaStoenescu
Allrightsreserved.
Permissionisherebygranted,freeofcharge,toanypersonobtaininga
copyofthissoftwareandassociateddocumentationfiles(the"Software"),
todealintheSoftwarewithoutrestriction,includingwithoutlimitation
therightstouse,copy,modify,merge,publish,distribute,sublicense,and/
orsellcopiesoftheSoftware,andtopermitpersonstowhomthe
Softwareisfurnishedtodoso,subjecttothefollowingconditions:
Theabovecopyrightnoticeandthispermissionnoticeshallbeincludedin
allcopiesorsubstantialportionsoftheSoftware.
THESOFTWAREISPROVIDED"ASIS",WITHOUTWARRANTY
OFANYKIND,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOT
LIMITEDTOTHEWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSEAND
NONINFRINGEMENT.INNOEVENTSHALLTHEAUTHORSOR
Digium,Inc. Page176

COPYRIGHTHOLDERSBELIABLEFORANYCLAIM,DAMAGES
OROTHERLIABILITY,WHETHERINANACTIONOF
CONTRACT,TORTOROTHERWISE,ARISINGFROM,OUTOFOR
INCONNECTIONWITHTHESOFTWAREORTHEUSEOROTHER
DEALINGSINTHESOFTWARE.
=====
LibTomCryptandLibTomMatharewrittenbyTomStDenis,andare
PublicDomain.
=====
sshpty.cistakenfromOpenSSH3.5p1,
Copyright(c)1995TatuYlonen<ylo@cs.hut.fi>,Espoo,Finland
Allrightsreserved
"AsfarasIamconcerned,thecodeIhavewrittenforthissoftware
canbeusedfreelyforanypurpose. Anyderivedversionsofthis
softwaremustbeclearlymarkedassuch,andifthederivedworkis
incompatiblewiththeprotocoldescriptionintheRFCfile,itmustbe
calledbyanameotherthan"ssh"or"SecureShell"."
=====
loginrec.c
loginrec.h
atomicio.h
atomicio.c
andstrlcat()(includedinutil.c)arefromOpenSSH3.6.1p2,andare
licensed
Digium,Inc. Page177

underthe2pointBSDlicense.
loginreciswrittenprimarilybyAndreLucas,atomicio.cbyTheode
Raadt.
strlcat()is(c)ToddC.Miller
=====
Importcodeinkeyimport.cismodifiedfromPuTTY'simport.c,licensed
as
follows:
PuTTYiscopyright1997-2003SimonTatham.
PortionscopyrightRobertdeBath,JorisvanRantwijk,DelianDelchev,
AndreasSchultz,JeroenMassar,WezFurlong,NicolasBarry,Justin
Bradford,andCORESDIS.A.
Permissionisherebygranted,freeofcharge,toanypersonobtaininga
copyofthissoftwareandassociateddocumentationfiles(the"Software"),
todealintheSoftwarewithoutrestriction,includingwithoutlimitation
therightstouse,copy,modify,merge,publish,distribute,sublicense,and/
orsellcopiesoftheSoftware,andtopermitpersonstowhomthe
Softwareisfurnishedtodoso,subjecttothefollowingconditions:
Theabovecopyrightnoticeandthispermissionnoticeshallbeincludedin
allcopiesorsubstantialportionsoftheSoftware.
Digium,Inc. Page178

THESOFTWAREISPROVIDED"ASIS",WITHOUTWARRANTY
OFANYKIND,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOT
LIMITEDTOTHEWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSEAND
NONINFRINGEMENT. INNOEVENTSHALLTHECOPYRIGHT
HOLDERSBELIABLEFORANYCLAIM,DAMAGESOROTHER
LIABILITY,WHETHERINANACTIONOFCONTRACT,TORTOR
OTHERWISE,ARISINGFROM,OUTOFORINCONNECTION
WITHTHESOFTWAREORTHEUSEOROTHERDEALINGSIN
THESOFTWARE.
Digium,Inc. Page179
---------------
EXHIBIT B.4 - OpenSSL License
TheOpenSSLtoolkitstaysunderaduallicense,i.e.boththeconditionsof
theOpenSSLLicenseandtheoriginalSSLeaylicenseapplytothetoolkit.
Seebelowfortheactuallicensetexts.ActuallybothlicensesareBSD-
styleOpenSourcelicenses.Incaseofanylicenseissuesrelatedto
OpenSSLpleasecontactopenssl-core@openssl.org.
OpenSSLLicense
/*====================================================================
*Copyright(c)1998-2006TheOpenSSLProject. Allrightsreserved.
*
*Redistributionanduseinsourceandbinaryforms,withorwithout
*modification,arepermittedprovidedthatthefollowingconditions
*aremet:
*
*1.Redistributionsofsourcecodemustretaintheabovecopyright
* notice,thislistofconditionsandthefollowingdisclaimer.
*
*2.Redistributionsinbinaryformmustreproducetheabovecopyright
* notice,thislistofconditionsandthefollowingdisclaimerin
* thedocumentationand/orothermaterialsprovidedwiththe
* distribution.
*
*3.Alladvertisingmaterialsmentioningfeaturesoruseofthis
* softwaremustdisplaythefollowingacknowledgment:
* "ThisproductincludessoftwaredevelopedbytheOpenSSLProject
* foruseintheOpenSSLToolkit.(http://www.openssl.org/)"
*
*4.Thenames"OpenSSLToolkit"and"OpenSSLProject"mustnotbeusedto
* endorseorpromoteproductsderivedfromthissoftwarewithout
* priorwrittenpermission.Forwrittenpermission,pleasecontact
* openssl-core@openssl.org.
*
*5.Productsderivedfromthissoftwaremaynotbecalled"OpenSSL"
* normay"OpenSSL"appearintheirnameswithoutpriorwritten
* permissionoftheOpenSSLProject.
*
*6.Redistributionsofanyformwhatsoevermustretainthefollowing
* acknowledgment:
Digium,Inc. Page180
-----------------------

* "ThisproductincludessoftwaredevelopedbytheOpenSSLProject
* foruseintheOpenSSLToolkit(http://www.openssl.org/)"
*
*THISSOFTWAREISPROVIDEDBYTHEOpenSSLPROJECT`ÀSIS''ANDANY
*EXPRESSEDORIMPLIEDWARRANTIES,INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,THE
*IMPLIEDWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULAR
*PURPOSEAREDISCLAIMED.INNOEVENTSHALLTHEOpenSSLPROJECTOR
*ITSCONTRIBUTORSBELIABLEFORANYDIRECT,INDIRECT,INCIDENTAL,
*SPECIAL,EXEMPLARY,ORCONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES(INCLUDING,BUT
*NOTLIMITEDTO,PROCUREMENTOFSUBSTITUTEGOODSORSERVICES;
*LOSSOFUSE,DATA,ORPROFITS;ORBUSINESSINTERRUPTION)
*HOWEVERCAUSEDANDONANYTHEORYOFLIABILITY,WHETHERINCONTRACT,
*STRICTLIABILITY,ORTORT(INCLUDINGNEGLIGENCEOROTHERWISE)
*ARISINGINANYWAYOUTOFTHEUSEOFTHISSOFTWARE,EVENIFADVISED
*OFTHEPOSSIBILITYOFSUCHDAMAGE.
*====================================================================
*
*ThisproductincludescryptographicsoftwarewrittenbyEricYoung
*(eay@cryptsoft.com). ThisproductincludessoftwarewrittenbyTim
*Hudson(tjh@cryptsoft.com).
*
*/
OriginalSSLeayLicense
/*Copyright(C)1995-1998EricYoung(eay@cryptsoft.com)
*Allrightsreserved.
*
*ThispackageisanSSLimplementationwritten
*byEricYoung(eay@cryptsoft.com).
*TheimplementationwaswrittensoastoconformwithNetscapesSSL.
*
*Thislibraryisfreeforcommercialandnon-commercialuseaslongas
*thefollowingconditionsareahearedto.Thefollowingconditions
*applytoallcodefoundinthisdistribution,beittheRC4,RSA,
*lhash,DES,etc.,code;notjusttheSSLcode.TheSSLdocumentation
*includedwiththisdistributioniscoveredbythesamecopyrightterms
*exceptthattheholderisTimHudson(tjh@cryptsoft.com).
*
*CopyrightremainsEricYoung's,andassuchanyCopyrightnoticesin
*thecodearenottoberemoved.
*Ifthispackageisusedinaproduct,EricYoungshouldbegiven
attribution
*astheauthorofthepartsofthelibraryused.
*Thiscanbeintheformofatextualmessageatprogramstartupor
Digium,Inc. Page181
*indocumentation(onlineortextual)providedwiththepackage.
*
*aremet:
*1.Redistributionsofsourcecodemustretainthecopyright
* notice,thislistofconditionsandthefollowingdisclaimerinthe
* documentationand/orothermaterialsprovidedwiththedistribution.
*3.Alladvertisingmaterialsmentioningfeaturesoruseofthissoftware
* mustdisplaythefollowingacknowledgement:
* "Thisproductincludescryptographicsoftwarewrittenby
* EricYoung(eay@cryptsoft.com)"
* Theword'cryptographic'canbeleftoutiftherouinesfromthelibrary
* beingusedarenotcryptographicrelated:-).
*4.IfyouincludeanyWindowsspecificcode(oraderivativethereof)from
* theappsdirectory(applicationcode)youmustincludean
acknowledgement:
* "ThisproductincludessoftwarewrittenbyTimHudson
(tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
*
*THISSOFTWAREISPROVIDEDBYERICYOUNG`ÀSIS''AND
*ANYEXPRESSORIMPLIEDWARRANTIES,INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,THE
*IMPLIEDWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE
*AREDISCLAIMED.INNOEVENTSHALLTHEAUTHORORCONTRIBUTORSBELIABLE
*FORANYDIRECT,INDIRECT,INCIDENTAL,SPECIAL,EXEMPLARY,ORCONSEQUENTIAL
*DAMAGES(INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,PROCUREMENTOFSUBSTITUTEGOODS
*ORSERVICES;LOSSOFUSE,DATA,ORPROFITS;ORBUSINESSINTERRUPTION)
*HOWEVERCAUSEDANDONANYTHEORYOFLIABILITY,WHETHERINCONTRACT,STRICT
*LIABILITY,ORTORT(INCLUDINGNEGLIGENCEOROTHERWISE)ARISINGINANYWAY
*OUTOFTHEUSEOFTHISSOFTWARE,EVENIFADVISEDOFTHEPOSSIBILITYOF
*SUCHDAMAGE.
*
*Thelicenceanddistributiontermsforanypublicallyavailableversionor
*derivativeofthiscodecannotbechanged.i.e.thiscodecannotsimplybe
*copiedandputunderanotherdistributionlicence
*[includingtheGNUPublicLicence.]
*/
Digium,Inc. Page182
EXHIBIT B.5 - ftp License
/*
*Copyright(c)1985,1989RegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.
*Allrightsreserved.
*
*aremet:
*1.Redistributionsofsourcecodemustretaintheabovecopyright
* notice,thislistofconditionsandthefollowingdisclaimerinthe
* documentationand/orothermaterialsprovidedwiththedistribution.
*3.Alladvertisingmaterialsmentioningfeaturesoruseofthissoftware
* mustdisplaythefollowingacknowledgement:
* ThisproductincludessoftwaredevelopedbytheUniversityof
* California,Berkeleyanditscontributors.
*4.NeitherthenameoftheUniversitynorthenamesofitscontributors
* maybeusedtoendorseorpromoteproductsderivedfromthissoftware
* withoutspecificpriorwrittenpermission.
*
*THISSOFTWAREISPROVIDEDBYTHEREGENTSANDCONTRIBUTORS`ÀSIS''AND
*ANYEXPRESSORIMPLIEDWARRANTIES,INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,THE
*IMPLIEDWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE
*AREDISCLAIMED.INNOEVENTSHALLTHEREGENTSORCONTRIBUTORSBELIABLE
*FORANYDIRECT,INDIRECT,INCIDENTAL,SPECIAL,EXEMPLARY,ORCONSEQUENTIAL
*DAMAGES(INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,PROCUREMENTOFSUBSTITUTEGOODS
*ORSERVICES;LOSSOFUSE,DATA,ORPROFITS;ORBUSINESSINTERRUPTION)
*HOWEVERCAUSEDANDONANYTHEORYOFLIABILITY,WHETHERINCONTRACT,STRICT
*LIABILITY,ORTORT(INCLUDINGNEGLIGENCEOROTHERWISE)ARISINGINANYWAY
*OUTOFTHEUSEOFTHISSOFTWARE,EVENIFADVISEDOFTHEPOSSIBILITYOF
*SUCHDAMAGE.
*/
Digium,Inc. Page183
EXHIBIT B.6 - ntp and ntpdate License
***********************************************************************
* *
*Copyright(c)DavidL.Mills1992-2001 *
* *
*Permissiontouse,copy,modify,anddistributethissoftwareand *
*itsdocumentationforanypurposeandwithoutfeeishereby *
*granted,providedthattheabovecopyrightnoticeappearsinall *
*copiesandthatboththecopyrightnoticeandthispermission *
*noticeappearinsupportingdocumentation,andthatthename *
*UniversityofDelawarenotbeusedinadvertisingorpublicity *
*pertainingtodistributionofthesoftwarewithoutspecific, *
*writtenpriorpermission.TheUniversityofDelawaremakesno *
*representationsaboutthesuitabilitythissoftwareforany *
*purpose.Itisprovided"asis"withoutexpressorimplied *
*warranty. *
* *
***********************************************************************
Digium,Inc. Page184

EXHIBIT B.7 - zlib License
Copyright(C)1995-2002Jean-loupGaillyandMarkAdler
Thissoftwareisprovided'as-is',withoutanyexpressorimpliedwarranty.
Innoeventwilltheauthorsbeheldliableforanydamagesarisingfrom
theuseofthissoftware.
Permissionisgrantedtoanyonetousethissoftwareforanypurpose,
includingcommercialapplications,andtoalteritandredistributeitfreely,
subjecttothefollowingrestrictions:
1. Theoriginofthissoftwaremustnotbemisrepresented;youmustnot
claimthatyouwrotetheoriginalsoftware.Ifyouusethissoftwareina
product,anacknowledgmentintheproductdocumentationwouldbe
appreciatedbutisnotrequired.
2. Alteredsourceversionsmustbeplainlymarkedassuch,andmustnot
bemisrepresentedasbeingtheoriginalsoftware.
3. Thisnoticemaynotberemovedoralteredfromanysource
distribution.
Jean-loupGailly
jloup@gzip.org
MarkAdler
madler@alumni.caltech.edu
Digium,Inc. Page185

EXHIBIT B.8 - ss and et License
/*
*Copyright1987,1988,1989MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology
*(StudentInformationProcessingBoard)
*
*Permissiontouse,copy,modify,anddistributethissoftwareand
*itsdocumentationforanypurposeisherebygranted,providedthat
*thenamesofM.I.T.andtheM.I.T.S.I.P.B.notbeusedin
*advertisingorpublicitypertainingtodistributionofthesoftware
*withoutspecific,writtenpriorpermission. M.I.T.andthe
*M.I.T.S.I.P.B.makenorepresentationsaboutthesuitabilityof
*thissoftwareforanypurpose.Itisprovided"asis"without
*expressorimpliedwarranty.
*/
Digium,Inc. Page186

EXHIBIT B.9 GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2
GNULESSERGENERALPUBLICLICENSE
Version2.1,February1999
Copyright(C)1991,1999FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc.
51FranklinSt,FifthFloor,Boston,MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyoneispermittedtocopyanddistributeverbatimcopiesofthis
licensedocument,butchangingitisnotallowed.
[ThisisthefirstreleasedversionoftheLesserGPL.Italsocountsasthe
successoroftheGNULibraryPublicLicense,version2,hence the
versionnumber2.1.]
Preamble
Thelicensesformostsoftwarearedesignedtotakeawayyourfreedomto
shareandchangeit. Bycontrast,theGNUGeneralPublicLicensesare
intendedtoguaranteeyourfreedomtoshareandchangefreesoftware--to
makesurethesoftwareisfreeforallitsusers.
Thislicense,theLesserGeneralPublicLicense,appliestosomespecially
designatedsoftwarepackages--typicallylibraries--oftheFreeSoftware
Foundationandotherauthorswhodecidetouseit.Youcanuseittoo,but
wesuggestyoufirstthinkcarefullyaboutwhetherthislicenseorthe
ordinaryGeneralPublicLicenseisthebetterstrategytouseinany
particularcase,basedontheexplanationsbelow.
Digium,Inc. Page187
Whenwespeakoffreesoftware,wearereferringtofreedomofuse,not
price. OurGeneralPublicLicensesaredesignedtomakesurethatyou
havethefreedomtodistributecopiesoffreesoftware(andchargeforthis
serviceifyouwish);thatyoureceivesourcecodeorcangetitifyouwant
it;thatyoucanchangethesoftwareandusepiecesofitinnewfree
programs;andthatyouareinformedthatyoucandothesethings.
Toprotectyourrights,weneedtomakerestrictionsthatforbid
distributorstodenyyoutheserightsortoaskyoutosurrenderthese
rights.Theserestrictionstranslatetocertainresponsibilitiesforyouif
youdistributecopiesofthelibraryorifyoumodifyit.
Forexample,ifyoudistributecopiesofthelibrary,whethergratisorfora
fee,youmustgivetherecipientsalltherightsthatwegaveyou. You
mustmakesurethatthey,too,receiveorcangetthesourcecode. Ifyou
linkothercodewiththelibrary,youmustprovidecompleteobjectfilesto
therecipients,sothattheycanrelinkthemwiththelibraryaftermaking
changestothelibraryandrecompilingit. Andyoumustshowthemthese
termssotheyknowtheirrights.
Weprotectyourrightswithatwo-stepmethod:(1)wecopyrightthe
library,and(2)weofferyouthislicense,whichgivesyoulegal
permissiontocopy,distributeand/ormodifythelibrary.
Toprotecteachdistributor,wewanttomakeitveryclearthatthereisno
warrantyforthefreelibrary. Also,ifthelibraryismodifiedbysomeone
elseandpassedon,therecipientsshouldknowthatwhattheyhaveisnot
theoriginalversion,sothattheoriginalauthor'sreputationwillnotbe
affectedbyproblemsthatmightbeintroducedbyothers.
Digium,Inc. Page188

Finally,softwarepatentsposeaconstantthreattotheexistenceofanyfree
program.Wewishtomakesurethatacompanycannoteffectivelyrestrict
theusersofafreeprogrambyobtainingarestrictivelicensefromapatent
holder.Therefore,weinsistthatanypatentlicenseobtainedforaversion
ofthelibrarymustbeconsistentwiththefullfreedomofusespecifiedin
thislicense.
MostGNUsoftware,includingsomelibraries,iscoveredbytheordinary
GNUGeneralPublicLicense. Thislicense,theGNULesserGeneral
PublicLicense,appliestocertaindesignatedlibraries,andisquite
differentfromtheordinaryGeneralPublicLicense. Weusethislicense
forcertainlibrariesinordertopermitlinkingthoselibrariesintonon-free
programs.
Whenaprogramislinkedwithalibrary,whetherstaticallyorusinga
sharedlibrary,thecombinationofthetwoislegallyspeakingacombined
work,aderivativeoftheoriginallibrary. TheordinaryGeneralPublic
Licensethereforepermitssuchlinkingonlyiftheentirecombinationfits
itscriteriaoffreedom. TheLesserGeneralPublicLicensepermitsmore
laxcriteriaforlinkingothercodewiththelibrary.
Wecallthislicensethe"Lesser"GeneralPublicLicensebecauseitdoes
Lesstoprotecttheuser'sfreedomthantheordinaryGeneralPublic
License. ItalsoprovidesotherfreesoftwaredevelopersLessofan
advantageovercompetingnon-freeprograms. Thesedisadvantagesare
thereasonweusetheordinaryGeneralPublicLicenseformanylibraries.
However,theLesserlicenseprovidesadvantagesincertainspecial
circumstances.
Digium,Inc. Page189
Forexample,onrareoccasions,theremaybeaspecialneedtoencourage
thewidestpossibleuseofacertainlibrary,sothatitbecomesade-facto
standard. Toachievethis,non-freeprogramsmustbeallowedtousethe
library. Amorefrequentcaseisthatafreelibrarydoesthesamejobas
widelyusednon-freelibraries. Inthiscase,thereislittletogainby
limitingthefreelibrarytofreesoftwareonly,soweusetheLesser
GeneralPublicLicense.
Inothercases,permissiontouseaparticularlibraryinnon-freeprograms
enablesagreaternumberofpeopletousealargebodyoffreesoftware.
Forexample,permissiontousetheGNUCLibraryinnon-freeprograms
enablesmanymorepeopletousethewholeGNUoperatingsystem,as
wellasitsvariant,theGNU/Linuxoperatingsystem.
AlthoughtheLesserGeneralPublicLicenseisLessprotectiveofthe
users'freedom,itdoesensurethattheuserofaprogramthatislinkedwith
theLibraryhasthefreedomandthewherewithaltorunthatprogram
usingamodifiedversionoftheLibrary.
Theprecisetermsandconditionsforcopying,distributionand
modificationfollow. Paycloseattentiontothedifferencebetweena
"workbasedonthelibrary"anda"workthatusesthelibrary". The
formercontainscodederivedfromthelibrary,whereasthelattermustbe
combinedwiththelibraryinordertorun.
Digium,Inc. Page190
GNULESSERGENERALPUBLICLICENSE
TERMSANDCONDITIONSFORCOPYING,DISTRIBUTIONAND
MODIFICATION
0. ThisLicenseAgreementappliestoanysoftwarelibraryorother
programwhichcontainsanoticeplacedbythecopyrightholderor
otherauthorizedpartysayingitmaybedistributedunderthetermsof
thisLesserGeneralPublicLicense(alsocalled"thisLicense").Each
licenseeisaddressedas"you".
A"library"meansacollectionofsoftwarefunctionsand/ordataprepared
soastobeconvenientlylinkedwithapplicationprograms(whichuse
someofthosefunctionsanddata)toformexecutables.
The"Library",below,referstoanysuchsoftwarelibraryorworkwhich
hasbeendistributedundertheseterms. A"workbasedontheLibrary"
meanseithertheLibraryoranyderivativeworkundercopyrightlaw:that
istosay,aworkcontainingtheLibraryoraportionofit,eitherverbatim
orwithmodificationsand/ortranslatedstraightforwardlyintoanother
language.(Hereinafter,translationisincludedwithoutlimitationinthe
term"modification".)
"Sourcecode"foraworkmeansthepreferredformoftheworkfor
makingmodificationstoit. Foralibrary,completesourcecodemeansall
thesourcecodeforallmodulesitcontains,plusanyassociatedinterface
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SERVICING,REPAIRORCORRECTION.
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HowtoApplyTheseTermstoYourNewLibraries
Ifyoudevelopanewlibrary,andyouwantittobeofthegreatestpossible
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"copyright"lineandapointertowherethefullnoticeisfound.
<onelinetogivethelibrary'snameandabriefideaofwhatitdoes.>
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Thislibraryisfreesoftware;youcanredistributeitand/or
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Thislibraryisdistributedinthehopethatitwillbeuseful,butWITHOUT
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SeetheGNULesserGeneralPublicLicenseformoredetails.
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<signatureofTyCoon>,1April1990
Digium,Inc. Page203

TyCoon,PresidentofVice
That'sallthereistoit!
Digium,Inc. Page204
EXHIBIT B.10 libpcap License
Copyright(c)1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998
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ThisproductincludessoftwaredevelopedbytheComputerSystems
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4. NeitherthenameoftheUniversitynoroftheLaboratorymaybeused
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specificpriorwrittenpermission.
Digium,Inc. Page205

THISSOFTWAREISPROVIDEDBYTHEREGENTSAND
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EXHIBIT B.11 tcpdump License
License:BSD
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THISSOFTWAREISPROVIDED`ÀSIS''ANDWITHOUTANY
EXPRESSORIMPLIEDWARRANTIES,INCLUDING,WITHOUT
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MERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
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Digium,Inc. Page207

AppendixD
GlossaryandAcronyms
ANSI American National Standards Institute
Anorganizationwhichproposesandestablishesstandardsfor
internationalcommunications.
asynchronous
Notsynchronized;nottimedtoanoutsideclocksource.Transmissionis
controlledbystartbitsatthebeginningandstopbitsattheendofeach
character.Asynchronouscommunicationsareoftenfoundininternet
accessandremoteofficeapplications.
attenuation
Thedissipationofatransmittedsignalspowerasittravelsoverawire.
bandwidth
Thecapacitytocarrytraffic.Higherbandwidthindicatestheabilityto
transfermoredatainagiventimeperiod.
bit
Thesmallestelementofinformationinadigitalsystem.Abitcanbe
eitherazerooraone.
bps bits per second
Ameasurementoftransmissionspeedacrossadataconnection.
Digium,Inc. Page208

AppendixD:GlossaryandAcronyms
broadband
Broadbandtransmissionsharesthebandwidthofaparticularmedium
(copperorfiberoptic)tointegratemultiplesignals.Thechannelstakeup
differentfrequenciesonthecable,integratingvoice,data,andvideoover
oneline.
channel
Agenerictermforanindividualdatastream.Serviceproviderscanuse
multiplexingtechniquestotransmitmultiplechannelsoveracommon
medium.
Cat5
CategoryofPerformanceforwiringandcabling.Cat5cablingsupport
applicationsupto100MHz.
Cat5E
CategoryofPerformanceforwiringandcabling.Category5Enhanced
wiringsupportssignalratesupto100MHzbutadherestostricterquality
specifications.
CLEC competitive local exchange carrier
Atermfortelephonecompaniesestablishedafterthe
TelecommunicationsActof1996deregulatedtheLECs.CLECscompete
withILECstoofferlocalservice.SeealsoLECandILEC.
Digium,Inc. Page209
CO central office
TheCOhouseslocalswitchingequipment.Alllocalaccesslinesina
particulargeographicareaterminateatthisfacility(whichisusually
ownedandoperatedbyanILEC).
CPE customer premises equipment
Terminalequipmentwhichisconnectedtothetelecommunications
networkandwhichresideswithinthehomeorofficeofthecustomer.This
includestelephones,modems,terminals,routers,andtelevisionset-top
boxes.
DS0 Digital Signal, Level 0
Avoicegradechannelof64Kbps.Theworldwidestandardspeedfor
digitizingvoiceconversationusingPCM(PulseCodeModulation).
1.544MbpsinNorthAmerica(T1)andJapan(J1)-upto24voice
channels(DS0s),2.048MbpsinEurope(E1)-upto32voicechannels
(DS0s).DS1/T1/E1linesarepartofthePSTN.
T3inNorthAmericaandJapan,E3inEurope.Upto672voicechannels
(DS0s).DS3/T3/E3linesarenotpartofthePSTN
DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency
Push-buttonortouchtonedialing.
Digium,Inc. Page210

E1
TheEuropeanequivalentofNorthAmericanT1,transmitsdataat2.048
Mbps,upto32voicechannels(DS0s).
E3
TheEuropeanequivalentofNorthAmericanT3,transmitsdataat34.368
Mbps,upto512voicechannels(DS0s).Equivalentto16E1lines.
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
Unwantedelectricalnoisepresentonapowerline
fullduplex
Datatransmissionintwodirectionssimultaneously.
FXO Foreign Exchange Office
ReceivestheringingvoltagefromanFXSdevice.Outsidelinesare
connectedtotheFXOportonyourAsteriskAppliance50unit.
FXS Foreign Exchange Station
Initiatesandsendsringingvoltage.PhonesareconnectedtotheFXSports
ontheAsteriskAppliance50unit.
G.711
ArecommendationbytheTelecommunicationStandardizationSector
(ITU-T)foranalgorithmdesignedtotransmitandreceivemulawPCM
voiceandA-lawatadigitalbitrateof64Kbps.Thisalgorithmisusedfor
digitaltelephonesetsondigitalPBX.
Digium,Inc. Page211

G.723.1
(ITU-T)foranalgorithmdesignedtotransmitandreceiveaudioover
telephonelinesat6.3Kbpsor5.3Kbps.
G.729a
(ITU-T)foranalgorithmdesignedtotransmitandreceiveaudioover
telephonelinesat8Kbps.
H.323
(ITU-T)formultimediacommunicationsoverpacket-basednetworks.
IAX Inter-Asterisk eXchange
AVoIPprotocolusedbyAsterisk.ItisusedtoenableVoIPconnections
betweenAsteriskservers,andbetweenserversandclientsthatalsouse
theIAXprotocol.
iLBC internet Low Bitrate Codec
AfreespeechcodecusedforvoiceoverIP.Itisdesignedfornarrowband
speechwithapayloadbitrateof13.33kbps(framelength=30ms)and
15.2kbps(framelength=20ms).
ILEC incumbent local exchange carrier
TheLECsthatweretheoriginalcarriersinthemarketpriortotheentryof
competitionandthereforehavethedominantpositioninthemarket.
Digium,Inc. Page212

interface
Apointofcontactbetweentwosystems,networks,ordevices.
ISO International Standards Organization
LED light-emitting diode
Linux
Arobust,feature-packedopensourceoperatingsystembasedonUnix
thatremainsfreelyavailableontheinternet.Itboastsdependabilityand
offersawiderangeofcompatibilitywithhardwareandsoftware.Asterisk
issupportedexclusivelyonLinux.
loopback
Astateinwhichthetransmitsignalisreversedbackasthereceivesignal,
typicallybyafarendnetworkelement.
MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol
multiplexing
Transmittingmultiplesignalsoverasinglelineorchannel.FDM
(frequencydivisionmultiplexing)andTDM(timedivisionmultiplexing)
arethetwomostcommonmethods.FDMseparatessignalsbydividing
thedataontodifferentcarrierfrequencies,andTDMseparatessignalsby
interleavingbitsoneaftertheother.
MUX multiplexer
Adevicewhichtransmitsmultiplesignalsoverasinglecommunications
lineorchannel.Seemultiplexing.
Digium,Inc. Page213

PBX private branch exchange
Asmallerversionofaphonecompanyslargecentralswitchingoffice.
Example:Asterisk.
PCI peripheral component interconnect
Astandardbususedinmostcomputerstoconnectperipheraldevices.
POP point of presence
Thephysicalconnectionpointbetweenanetworkandatelephone
network.APOPisusuallyanetworknodeservingastheequivalentofa
COtoanetworkserviceprovideroraninterexchangecarrier.
POTS plain old telephone service
Standardphoneserviceoverthepublicswitchedtelephonenetwork
(PSTN).Thisserviceprovidesanalogbandwidthoflessthan4kHz.
PPP point-to-point protocol
Typeofcommunicationslinkthatconnectsasingledevicetoanother
singledevice,suchasaremoteterminaltoahostcomputer.
PSTN public switched telephone network
Thepublicswitchedtelephonenetwork(PSTN)isthenetworkofthe
world'spubliccircuit-switchedtelephonenetworks.Originallyanetwork
offixed-lineanalogtelephonesystems,thePSTNisnowalmostentirely
Digium,Inc. Page214

digital,andnowincludesmobileaswellasfixedtelephones.
QoS quality of service
Ameasureoftelephoneservice,asspecifiedbythePublicService
Commission.
RJ11
Asix-pinjacktypicallyusedforconnectingtelephones,modems,andfax
machinesinresidentialandbusinesssettingstoPBXorthelocal
telephoneCO.
SIP Session Initiation Protocol
AnIETFstandardforsettingupsessionsbetweenoneormoreclients.It
iscurrentlytheleadingsignalingprotocolforVoiceoverIP,gradually
replacingH.323.
T1
Adedicateddigitalcarrierfacilitywhichtransmitsupto24voice
channels(DS0s)andtransmitsdataat1.544Mbps.Commonlyusedto
carrytraffictoandfromprivatebusinessnetworksandISPs.
T3
Adedicateddigitalcarrierfacilitywhichconsistsof28T1linesand
transmitsdataat44.736Mbps.Equivalentto672voicechannels(DS0s).
Digium,Inc. Page215
TDM time division multiplexer
Adevicethatsupportssimultaneoustransmissionofmultipledatastreams
intoasinglehigh-speeddatastream.TDMseparatessignalsby
interleavingbitsoneaftertheother.
telco
Agenericnamewhichreferstothetelephonecompaniesthroughoutthe
world,includingRBOCs,LECs,andPTTs.
tipandring
Thestandardterminationonthetwoconductorsofatelephonecircuit;
namedafterthephysicalappearanceofthecontactareasonthejackplug.
twistedpair
Twocopperwirescommonlyusedfortelephonyanddata
communications.Thewiresarewrappedlooselyaroundeachotherto
minimizeradiofrequencyinterferenceorinterferencefromotherpairsin
thesamebundle.
V volts
VoIP Voice over IP
Technologyusedfortransmittingvoicetrafficoveradatanetworkusing
theInternetProtocol.
Zaptel(Zap)
ZapataTelephonyProjectdedicatedtoimplementingareasonableand
affordableComputerTelephonyplatformintotheworldmarketplace.
Digium,Inc. Page216

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