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pvnet.dK
IntegRAtiOn
PVNET.dk will build upon the work on the Photovoltaic Island Bornholm (PVIB) project, which has to some extent prepared the infrastructure of the island for integration of a large amount of PV power. The projects propose to reach their 9 per cent penetration target by installing three main types of PV generators: photovoltaic rooftops on private houses, photovoltaic plants on municipality buildings and facilities, accompanied by one or more large-scale PV solar power plants. These three methods of generating energy will combine to form the PV Virtual Power Plant (VPP) on Bornholm. The integration of PV power will be executed to the teams three step plan: rst, the theoretical stage, where the existing electricity grid will be tested and after one and half years, the researchers will report back with solutions as to how the grid can be prepared for the planned integration. Step two involves the implementation of these solutions and step three is essentially a year-long, in-the-eld assessment of how the network is operating both with and without the modications proposed by the PVNET.dk team to get an objective picture of their impact.
OveRCOMing ChALLenges
The plan is deceptively simple but the project must overcome some signicant obstacles if it is
62 InteRnAtiOnAL innovation
to prove that using a smart grid to distribute PV power is reliable, safe and efcient. For the experiment to be feasible, the Bornholm infrastructure must accommodate the large number of PV installations involved in testing the functionality of the smart grid and its ancillary services. Even if the island proves to be a suitable testing ground, the danger of working with nascent technologies is that some may not yet be ready for implementation. To prove that the kind of PV integration proposed by PVNET.dk is a practical method of operating a large grid system, it is essential to show that the network can cope when things go wrong. Providing effective ancillary services will be key in making the integration process run smoothly and helping the utility company manage the grid. For example, the PV power plant OveRview of tHe BoRnHolm eneRgY sYstem, including tHe inverters must be capable of 60 KV cable to soutHeRn Sweden supporting the grid if voltage drops completely each country has national into the commercial arena. The project is clearly guidelines on how long a plant must be able to an invaluable R&D opportunity, offering the support the network in case of a drastic voltage chance to test existing inverters and develop drop. Fortunately, it is hypothesised that in the new functionalities to provide better support case of a complete breakdown on the grid, a for grid operators and push development in the PV power plant could help black-start a grid, eld. The smart grid technology itself provides meaning it could independently produce enough an opportunity for grid operators to benet from power to restart other plants, thereby restoring its two-way communication system and manage the network. However, this idea requires their grids more efciently, within exible further long-term investigation and dedicated parameters, reducing energy consumption. investment in PV inverters, which are used by Most crucially, if the teams efforts were to power plants to control voltage. prove successful, it would be a major step towards showing that integration of renewable EXCiting deveLOpMents energy sources into established power From an economic perspective, the project has infrastructures is a feasible prospect and if plenty to offer its stakeholders and may have the EPIA target of 12 per cent photovoltaic wider implications for the renewable energy penetration Europe-wide by 2020, then sector. Danfoss Solar Inverters nds itself in Denmark would undoubtedly be affected by a position to roll out technology that proves this paradigm shift. Projects such as this could successful in this project through their PV help the nation make such a transition and push inverter programme, bringing this technology it to the cutting-edge of energy innovation.
InteLLigenCe
PVNET.dk
AppLiCAtiOn OF sMARt gRid in phOtOvOLtAiC pOweR sYsteMs OBJECTIVES
The PVNET.dk project is exploring ways to integrate large amounts of photovoltaic power generation into the low-voltage distribution network, without having to reinforce the network. This is done by developing and applying smart grid technologies and other ancillary services. The developed solutions are to be rolled out on the island of Bornholm.
PARTNERS
Technical University of Denmark (DTU) stkraft Net EnergiMidt Danfoss Solar Inverters
KEY COLLABORATORS
Jacob stergaard Guang Ya Yang Majken Rolsted Mattesen Carl Stephansen Adrian Constantin Radu Dan Lazar Hans Peter Ballegaard Sren Bkhj Kjr Hans Henrik Ipsen Thomas Henrik Pedersen Henning Laursen
FUNDING
PVNET.dk is partly funded by the ForskEl research programme, administrated by Energinet.dk
CONTACT
Dr Sren Bkhj Kjr MSc, PhD Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Jyllandsgade 28, DK-6400 Snderborg Denmark T +45 7488 1359 E sbk@danfoss.com http://pvnet.dk SRen Bkhj KjR received MSc and PhD degrees in Electrical Engineering from Aalborg University in 2000 and 2005, respectively. He is currently with Danfoss Solar Inverters, where he holds a position as Lead System Technology Engineer. His main interests are switching inverters for photovoltaic applications, large-scale grid integration, and smart grid.
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