POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCL)

CLAY AND SHALE STABILISER / WEIGHTING AGENT

Description
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a soluble salt that is an extremely efficient shale stabilizer when drilling hydro sensitive clays and shales. Inhibition is produced through exchange; the potassium ion enters between the individual clay platelets in the shale so that they are held together, thus eliminating entry of water from the drilling fluid.

Typical Properties
Appearance: Solubility: Purity: White crystals or powder 28.1g / 100g of water @ 0C 34.2g / 100g of water @ 20C 37.2g / 100g of water @ 40C 95% min pH saturated aq. sl. @ 15C: 7.0

Application
Potassium chloride (KCl) can be added directly to a drilling fluid system to enhance its inhibitive quality, and can be used as a weighting agent ranging in densities from 1.005 S.G. (8.4 ppg) to 1.162 S.G. (9.7 ppg). Potassium chloride (KCl) solution becomes saturated near 1.162 S.G. (9.7 ppg); the closer to saturation the less soluble the salt becomes.

Recommended Treatment
Normal use: 3.0 % (30 kg) 8.0 % (80 kg) by volume (per m3).

Advantages
Inexpensive and easily obtainable Benefits achieved at low concentrations Compatible with most drilling fluid additives Stabilizes water sensitive clays and shales Prevents issues resulting for shale instability Fast dissolving

Polymers such as Ezee-trol, Aus-trol, Ezee-pac R & L, PACs, CR650 and Liqui-pol can all be used in conjunction with Potassium chloride (KCl). It is recommended the water be pre-treated and polymers mixed before adding Potassium chloride (KCl). NOTE: Environmental Sensitivities may exclude the use of Potassium chloride (KCl) in certain areas, please contact your local AMC Representative to discuss alternatives.

Packaging
25 kg bag Bulk bags available on request.

Several factors will dictate the most appropriate concentration rate. Please contact your nearest AMC representative for optimum results.

8 Pitino Court OSBORNE PARK WA 6017

With more than 20 years experience, AMC has enjoyed a successful history of supplying specialist drilling products to the mineral, oil & gas, water well, horizontal directional drilling, civil and tunnelling industries world wide. The success of AMC is due to its quality products, and the dedication of its skilled team who offer on site support where and when customers need it. amc@imdexlimited.com AMC Africa AMC Asia Pacific T +27 (0) 11 908 5595 T +61 (0) 8 9445 4000 AMC Canada T +1 (403) 259 5112 www.amcmud.com AMC Europe
T +44 (0) 1273 483 700

AMC South America T +56 (2) 589 9300

AMC USA T +1 (801) 364 0233

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCL)

CLAY AND SHALE STABILISER / WEIGHTING AGENT
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCl) Salt Table The following table indicates POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCl) additions to achieve specified concentrations and to obtain a fluid density.
Wt % 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1.005 1.011 1.017 1.024 1.030 1.037 1.043 1.050 1.057 1.063 1.070 1.077 1.084 1.091 1.097 1.104 1.111 1.119 1.126 1.133 1.140 1.147 1.155 1.162 8.39 8.44 8.49 8.55 8.60 8.65 8.70 8.76 8.82 8.87 8.93 8.99 9.05 9.10 9.15 9.21 9.27 9.34 9.40 9.45 9.51 9.57 9.63 9.70 SG ppg Clmg/l 4,765 9,626 14,534 19,537 24,540 29,639 34,785 40,027 45,316 50,653 56,085 61,565 67,140 72,763 78,434 84,199 90,013 95,921 101,926 107,977 114,124 120,271 126,585 132,899 KCl lb/bbl 3.5 7.1 10.7 14.4 18.0 21.8 25.6 29.4 33.3 37.2 41.2 45.2 49.3 53.4 57.6 61.8 66.1 70.5 74.9 79.3 83.8 88.3 93.0 97.6 Water bbl 0.995 0.991 0.987 0.983 0.979 0.975 0.970 0.966 0.962 0.957 0.952 0.948 0.943 0.938 0.933 0.928 0.922 0.917 0.912 0.906 0.901 0.895 0.889 0.883 KCl kg/m 10.0 20.2 30.5 41.0 51.3 62.1 73.0 83.8 94.9 106.0 117.4 128.8 140.5 152.2 164.2 176.1 188.4 200.9 213.5 226.0 238.8 251.7 264.9 278.2 Cryst Pt F 31.2 30.3 29.5 28.7 27.8 27.0 26.1 25.2 24.3 23.4 22.4 21.4 20.4 20.0 18.5 17.0 16.0 15.0 14.0 13.0 22.0 34.0 48.0 59.0 Cryst Pt C -0.4 -0.9 -1.4 -1.8 -2.3 -2.8 -3.3 -3.8 -4.3 -4.8 -5.3 -5.9 -6.4 -6.7 -7.5 -8.3 -8.9 -9.4 -10.0 -10.6 -5.6 1.1 8.9 15.0 Vol Inc % 1.005025 1.009082 1.013171 1.017294 1.02145 1.025641 1.030928 1.035197 1.039501 1.044932 1.05042 1.054852 1.060445 1.066098 1.071811 1.077586 1.084599 1.090513 1.096491 1.103753 1.109878 1.117318 1.124859 1.132503

Several factors will dictate the most appropriate concentration rate. Please contact your nearest AMC representative for optimum results.

8 Pitino Court OSBORNE PARK WA 6017

With more than 20 years experience, AMC has enjoyed a successful history of supplying specialist drilling products to the mineral, oil & gas, water well, horizontal directional drilling, civil and tunnelling industries world wide. The success of AMC is due to its quality products, and the dedication of its skilled team who offer on site support where and when customers need it. amc@imdexlimited.com AMC Africa AMC Asia Pacific T +27 (0) 11 908 5595 T +61 (0) 8 9445 4000 AMC Canada T +1 (403) 259 5112 www.amcmud.com AMC Europe
T +44 (0) 1273 483 700

AMC South America T +56 (2) 589 9300

AMC USA T +1 (801) 364 0233