HTML Short Intro

<!DOCTYPE html> <strong>Feel free to change this text.
</strong>
Why learn HTML?

Every webpage you look at is written in a language called HTML. You can think of HTML as the skeleton that gives every webpage structure. In this course, we'll use HTML to add paragraphs, headings, images and links to a webpage.
In the editor to the right, there's a tab called test.html. This is the file we'll type our HTML into. See the code with the <>s? That's HTML! Like any language, it has its own special syntax(rules for communicating).
When we press Save & Submit Code, the results tab will act like an Internet browser (e.g. Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer). A browser's job is to transform the code in test.html into a recognizable webpage! It knows how to lay out the page by following the HTML syntax.
Instructions
1. 2. 3.
To the right, we have a test.htmlfile. Change the text on line 2 (the bit between <strong> and </strong>) to anything you like! Hit Save & Submit Code, and you'll see how the test.html file would look in a browser. Did you see that? The<strong></strong> tags made our text bold!
<!DOCTYPE html> <html>Something here</html>
HTML and CSS

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. Hypertext means "text with links in it." Any time you click on a word that brings you to a new webpage, you've clicked on hypertext! A markup language is a programming language used to make text do more than just sit on a page: it can turn text into images, links, tables, lists, and much more. HTML is the markup language we'll be learning. What makes webpages pretty? That's CSSCascading Style Sheets. Think of it like skin and makeup that covers the bones of HTML. We'll learn HTML first, then worry about CSS in later courses. The first thing we should do is set up the skeleton of the page. a. Always put <!DOCTYPE html> on the first line. This tells the browser what language it's reading (in this case, HTML). b. Always put <html> on the next line. This starts the HTML document. c. Always put </html> on the last line. This ends the HTML document.
Instructions
1. 2.
Go ahead and put the three lines mentioned above into test.html, which is now blank. In between the second and last line (between the <html> and the </html>), feel free to write whatever message you like.
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html>See here</html>
Basic terminology
To learn more HTML, we should learn how to talk about HTML. Already you have seen we use <>s a lot. 1. 2. 3. 4. Things inside <>s are called tags. Tags nearly always come in pairs: an opening tag and a closing tag. Example of opening tag: <html> Example of closing tag: </html> You can think of tags as being like parentheses: whenever you open one, you should close it. Tags also nest, so you should close them in the right order: the most recently opened tag should be the first one closed, like in the example below.
<first tag><second tag>Some text!</second tag></first tag>
The last exercise taught us how to set up our HTML file. Everything we do now will go between <html> and</html>. Practice makes perfect! One more time:
Instructions
1. 2. 3. 4.
Put in the <!DOCTYPE HTML> tag. Put in the <html> opening and closing tags. Between the <html> tags, write whatever you like. Press Save & Submit Code to see what you've written appear on the page!
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> This is the header <title> My title page </title> </head> </html>
Make the head

Everything in our HTML file will go between the opening <html> and closing </html> tags. There are always two parts to an HTML file: the head and the body. Let's start with the head. The head contains information about your HTML file, like its title. The title is what we see in the browser's title bar or page tab. For example the title of this page is "HTML Basics | Codecademy".
Instructions
Let's add a head and a title to our webpage. If you get stuck at any point, click "Stuck? Get a hint!" below for an example. 1. 2. 3. 4. Add an opening <head> tag and closing </head> tag. Between the <head> tags, add in an opening <title> tag and closing</title> tag. Between the <title> tags, write in a title for your page. For example, "My Webpage." Press "Save & Submit Code" to continue
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>My title page</title> </head> <body> <p>1</p> <p>Hi everybody</p> </body> </html>
Paragraphs in the body

Great job! To review, an HTML file has both a head and a body. The head is where you put information about your HTML file, like its title. The body is where you put your content, such as text, images, and links. The content in the body is what will be visible on the actual page. The body goes inside the <html> tags, right after the <head> tags, like this:
<html> <head> <title>My Webpage</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>
Instructions
1.
Underneath the closing </head>tag, put an opening <body> tag and a closing </body> tag, like in the example above.
2.
Inside the body, create two paragraphs. Each paragraph starts with an opening <p> tag and ends with a closing </p> tag. We can write content in between the tags, like this:
<body> <p>Hello world!</p> </body>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title> Headings & Paragraphs </title> </head> <body> <h1>Header 1</h1> <p>Paragraph1</p> <p>Paragraph2</p> </body> </html>
Paragraphs and headings

We're definitely making good progress! We've learned when and why we use HTML. We've also learned how to: a. Set up an HTML file with tags b. Title the webpage (in the <head>) c. Create paragraphs (in the <body>with <p> tags) The next step is to give our paragraphs headings using heading tags. Let's start with the <h1> tag. The content between this tag will be the biggest!
Instructions
1. 2. 3. 4.
In the body section, create a heading. To do this, create an <h1> tag. Add content. Close the element with a closing tag</h1>. (Your content should now be between <h1> and </h1>.) Underneath the heading tags, create two paragraphs using <p> tags with whatever content you like.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title> Headings & Paragraphs </title> </head> <body> <h1>Header 1</h1> <p>Paragraph1</p> <h3>Header 3</h3> <p>Paragraph2</p> <h5>Header 5</h5> <p>Paragraph3</p> </body> </html>
More about headings!

HTML actually lets us have more than one heading size. There are six heading sizes, where <h1> is the boss and <h6>is puny!
<h1> - The CEO <h2> - VP <h3> - Director <h4> - Middle management <h5> - Lowly assistant <h6> - Gets coffee for everyone
Below we'll ask you to add headings of various sizes. Feel free to write whatever you like for the headings!
Instructions
1. 2. 3.
Your code currently has one <h1>heading and two paragraphs. Add an <h3> heading before the second paragraph. Add an <h5> heading after the second paragraph, and then add a third paragraph after this heading.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title> Headings & Paragraphs </title> </head> <body> <h1>Header 1</h1> <p>Paragraph1</p> <h2>Header 2</h2> <p>Paragraph2</p> <h3>Header 3</h3> <p>Paragraph3</p> <h4>Header 4</h4> <p>Paragraph4</p> <h5>Header 5</h5> <p>Paragraph5</p> <h6>Header 6</h6> <p>Paragraph6</p> </body> </html>
Using every heading

Nice work! Given that there are six heading sizes altogether, we should make use of all six.
Instructions
1.
Add three more headings to the code, making use of <h2>, <h4> and<h6>. Make sure to close all your tags!
2.
Under each heading, add a short paragraph. Dont forget paragraphs need opening and closing <p></p>tags!
Mid-lesson breather
You've done an awesome job! Here's a quick summary of things we've learned: 1. 2. 3. 4. HTML is used to give websites structure. We open HTML files using a browser, and the browser renders(shows us) the file. HTML files have a <head> and a<body> (just like you!) In the head, we have the <title>tags, and we use these to specify the webpage's name.
5.
How to make headings and paragraphs.
Instructions
1. 2.
Add a title between the <title>tags. Create a <h3> sized heading in the body. Make your heading say anything you want! (Just don't forget to close it.)
3.
Create three paragraphs using <p>tags and fill them with content (e.g.about cars, your pet, favorite city to travelwhatever you like!)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <a href="http://www.codecademy.com">My Favorite Site! </body> </html> </a>
You're going places!

What if you wanted to send the user to another part of your website, or another website altogether? You use hyperlinks, or links for short!
<a href="http://www.codecademy.com">My Favorite Site!</a>
1.
First, there's an opening <a> tag and that tag has an attribute called href. The href value tells your link where you want it to go, in this case http://www.codecademy.com.
2.
Then you have a description of your link between your opening <a> and your closing </a> tags. This is what you will be able to click on.
3.
Finally, you have your closing </a>tag.
Instructions
1.
In the body section, create a link. To do this, create an <a> tag. Point your link to a website by setting the value of the href attribute
2. 3.
Add a description of your link Close the element with a closing tag</a>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/f3a16fb6.jpg" />
<img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/ninja_zpsa5dbe37a.jpg" /> </body> </html>
Adding images
You can add images to your websites to make them look fancy. We use an image tag, like so: <img>. This tag is a bit different from the others. Instead of putting the content between the tags, you tell the tag where to get the picture using src. It's also different because there is no ending tag. It has / in the tag to close it: <img src="url" />. Check out the tag to the rightit adds a picture of a rubber duck to the page! (You can see it by clicking on the Preview button.) See the web address (or URL) aftersrc=? It's"http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademyblog/assets/f3a16fb6.jpg". That tells the <img> tag where to get the picture from!
Every image on the web has its own image URL. Simply right-click on an image and choose "Copy image URL." Paste that URL in quotes after src= to insert with your <img> tag.
Instructions
Add a second image below the first one. (Make sure it's before the closing <body> tag!) If you can't think of a good picture, use this ninja:
http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/ninja_zpsa5dbe37a.jpg
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <a href="http://www.codecademy.com"> <img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/f3a16fb6.jpg" /> AAAA AAAAA AAAA</a> <img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/ninja_zpsa5dbe37a.jpg" /> </body> </html>
Click that image

Good work! Now you know how to add links and images to your website. Why not make that image a link? For example:
<a href="http://www.codecademy.com/"> <img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/f3a16fb6.jpg"/> </a>
1. 2. 3.
First we open our <a> tag and point the href tohttp://www.codecademy.com/ again. But this time, instead of using text inside the <a> tag, we use an <img>tag. Finally, we have our closing </a>tag. Now when you click on the yellow duck, you will be taken tohttp://www.codecademy.com! Placing one HTML tag inside of another is called nesting.
Instructions
1. 2. 3.
In the body section, create an <a>tag. Choose a website to point your link to, like <ahref="http://www.codecademy.com">. Now create your <img> tag between your opening <a> tag and closing </a> tag. Don't forget the src!
4.
Finally, close your </a> tag after your <img> tag.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <a href="http://www.codecademy.com"> <img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/f3a16fb6.jpg" /> AAAA AAAAA AAAA</a> <img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/f3a16fb6.jpg" /> <a href="http://www.codecademy.com">AAA</a>
</body> </html>
Images and links

Good work! Let's make sure you really understand images and links before we move on to the review.
Instructions
1.
Between the <body> tags, add two images using the <img> tag. One should be a link; the other should not. The link can go anywhere you want.
2.
After your two images, create a link that's just a line of text. It can link anywhere you want.
Build Your Own Webpage

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Result</title> </head> <body><h1>YEAH SANDWICHES</h1> <img src="http://bit.ly/RhrMEn" /> <p>I like eggs.</p> <p>And ham!</p> <p>But mostly sandwiches.</p> </body> </html>
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> </body> </html>
Every house needs a frame

An HTML page is sort of like a house: it needs a certain number of essential structures in order to work. Just like a house, an HTML page needs a frame. In this case, your frame is made of <!DOCTYPE>, <html>, <head>, and <body> tags.
Instructions
Your webpage is blank as the day it was born! Let's add five things: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The <!DOCTYPE> tag Your <html> tags Your <head> tags
<title> tags (with any title you like!) between your head tags
Your <body> tags
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head>
<body> <h1>Header 1</h1> </body> </html>
It's better with a header

Your webpage could use an <h1>header between the body tags to let everyone know that the page is about you.
Instructions
Create an <h1> tag inside your body tags. Between your opening <h1> and closing </h1> tags, type your name for all to see!
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <h1>Header 1</h1> <p>Paragraph 1</p> <p>Paragraph 2</p> <p>Paragraph 3</p> </body> </html>
Tell us about yourself

Your page is coming along, but it's not telling us much yet. You could use a paragraph or two telling your readers what your interests are, what you do for a living, how much you love learning HTML, and so on.
Instructions
Insert three <p> tags after your <h1>tag (but before your closing </body>tag!). Write a little bit about yourself in each of the three paragraphs. You can say whatever you want! It's your webpage.
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <h1>Header 1</h1> <img src="http://bit.ly/RhrMEn" /> <p>Paragraph 1</p>
<p>Paragraph 2</p> <p>Paragraph 3</p> </body> </html>
A picture's worth a thousand words

Nice work! Your page is still looking a bit spare, though. Better add an image or two to spruce things up a bit. Remember, to insert an image from the web you will need to right-click and select "Copy image URL." Then use this URL in your <img> tag.
Instructions
Insert an <img> tag between your<body> tags. Feel free to put it anywhere! (We think it'd look best after your <h1> tag, but before your <p>tags.) You can make the src attribute point to any image you like.
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <h1>Header 1</h1> <a href="2"><img src="http://bit.ly/RhrMEn" /></a> <p>Paragraph 1</p> <p>Paragraph <a href="2">2</a></p> <p>Paragraph 3</p> </body> </html>
Link me!
Great! There's only one problem: your webpage is like a house with no doors. There's no way to get in or out! We'll fix that by adding a couple of links. Once you successfully add your links and hit Run, you've finished! Revel in the glory of your newly created webpage. If it still looks a little basic to you, don't worry. We'll soon teach you CSS to make your webpages look sharp!
Instructions
Add at least two links to your webpage. You can turn an image or a bit of text into a link; you can even turn part of the text inside your <p> tags into a link! Check out the Hint if you've forgotten how the <a> tag works.
HTML Basics II

HTML Short Intro

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HTML Short Intro

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<!DOCTYPE html> <strong>Feel free to change this text.

Why learn HTML?

<!DOCTYPE html> <html>Something here</html>

HTML and CSS

<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html>See here</html>

Make the head

Paragraphs in the body

Paragraphs and headings

More about headings!

Using every heading

How to make headings and paragraphs.

You're going places!

Finally, you have your closing </a>tag.

<img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/codecademy-blog/assets/ninja_zpsa5dbe37a.jpg" /> </body> </html>

Click that image

Finally, close your </a> tag after your <img> tag.

Images and links

Build Your Own Webpage

<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> </body> </html>

Every house needs a frame

Your <body> tags

<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title></title> </head>

<body> <h1>Header 1</h1> </body> </html>

It's better with a header

Tell us about yourself

<p>Paragraph 2</p> <p>Paragraph 3</p> </body> </html>

A picture's worth a thousand words

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