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Report No. 01 : NOTAR Helicopter Controls Instructor : Dr. Jay Jack R.

Manzano

Name : Dizon, John Kevin M. Date : June 14, 2013 Grade : Page : 1 of 6 Issue No. : 1

MD 500 Series The MD 520N Helicopter 1. OPERATIONS/FUNCTIONS An instrument panel located forward of the seat structure along the aircraft centerline necessarily contains standard flight and engine instruments in addition to warning and caution lights. This is referred to as the Dual Command Flight Controls used for maneuvering the helicopter in taking off, landing, and in flight; also found on this panel are devices used for navigation and communication, and flight status-monitoring indicators. Left-hand command is standard for the MD 520N Helicopter. The control stick or yoke is used by the pilot by manipulation in order to achieve controlled aerodynamic flight; it controls the helicopter such that the main rotor blades angle of attack with respect to its relative circumferential path are adjusted for consequential rolling or pitching maneuvers. The MD 520N has two vertical stabilizers that stabilize the rotorcraft during forward motion in fight. The left vertical stabilizer is connected to the pilots anti-torque (rudder) pedals. It operates similar to an airplane rudder. The stabilizer moves through approx. 29 degrees of motion, and is moveable to provide sufficient control power in an autorotation and to unload it in forward flight. A Yaw Stability Augmentation System controls the right vertical stabilizer driven by a small electromechanical actuator mounted within the horizontal stabilizer; this vertical stabilizer moves through approx. 15 degrees of motion. The NOTAR technology system innovatively uses an enclosed variable-pitch composite blade fan which produces a low pressure, high volume of ambient air to pressurize the composite tailboom. Air is expelled through a slot somewhat before the middle of the tailboom, causing a boundary-layer control (with the downwash effect of main rotor blades spinning) called the Coanda Effect. The tailboom therefore somewhat becomes a wing, with a relative wind or flight path headed against the downwash of the rotor system, producing up to 60% of the rotorcrafts anti-torque. At the end of the tailboom is a rotating direct jet thruster from where portion of the inputted ambient air is also expelled out. In forward flight, the vertical stabilizers in conjunction with the directjet thruster provide the required anti-torque and directional control.

Report No. 01 : NOTAR Helicopter Controls Instructor : Dr. Jay Jack R. Manzano

Name : Dizon, John Kevin M. Date : June 14, 2013 Grade : Page : 2 of 6 Issue No. : 1

2. DESIGN (A Schematic Diagram of the NOTAR System Design, Principle, and Operation)

(Simple Diagram of the Pilot to Roll/Pitch Maneuvers via the Control Stick)

Report No. 01 : NOTAR Helicopter Controls Instructor : Dr. Jay Jack R. Manzano

Name : Dizon, John Kevin M. Date : June 14, 2013 Grade : Page : 3 of 6 Issue No. : 1

3. INSTALLATION The MD 520N helicopter is a 5 place, turbine powered, rotary-wing aircraft constructed primarily of aluminum alloy though its tailboom and thruster are made out of graphite composite. Its airframe structure is egg-shaped and cleanly streamlined for efficient aerodynamic flows. The fuselage body is a semi-monocoque design, divided into the forward section which comprises of the pilot compartment and directly aft separated by a bulkhead is a passenger or cargo compartment. The left seat in the pilots compartment is the pilots seat. Just below the pilot/passenger floor panel is a compartment space for the aircraft battery while it also provides a good small amount of cargo storage or installation of avionics equipment. The aft section includes the structure for the tailboom attachment, NOTAR fan and engine compartment. The lower section features the center beam which provides a housing for the two fuel cells. Cyclic, collective, and adjustable pedal controls are provided at the left crew position. Adjustable friction devices, which may be varied to suit the individual pilot, are incorporated in the cyclic, collective and throttle controls. An optional Dual control system may be easily uninstalled to provide an extra space for an extra passenger or for cargo. 4. MECHANISM For the MD 520N helicopter, the main rotor is a fully articulated five-bladed system, with anti-torque provided by the NOTAR system. While contemporary helicopters use torsion tension straps in lieu of thrust bearing stacks to contain blade centrifugal loading and allow feathering, the MDHS strap pack arrangement goes three steps further. First, the strap configuration (while secured firmly to the hub) actually allows the centrifugal load exerted by one blade to be countered by the force exerted by the opposite two blades. Thus, very light centrifugal loads are sensed by the hub. Second, the V-legs of the strap pack rotate as driving members to turn the blades. Finally the straps are configured to allow feathering and flapping of the blades. The main rotor blades are secured to the hub with quick release lever type pins. Power from the turbo-

Report No. 01 : NOTAR Helicopter Controls Instructor : Dr. Jay Jack R. Manzano

Name : Dizon, John Kevin M. Date : June 14, 2013 Grade : Page : 4 of 6 Issue No. : 1

-shaft engine is transmitted through the main drive shaft to the main rotor transmission, from the main transmission through a drive shaft to the aft transmission and through a second drive shaft to the NOTAR. An over-running (one-way) clutch, placed between the engine and main rotor transmission permits free-wheeling of the rotor system during autorotation. The overrunning clutch transmits power from the engine to the main drive shaft. The clutch has no external controls and disengages automatically during autorotation and engine shutdown. The main drive shaft connects to the main rotor transmission input shaft. The engine oil cooler blower is belt driven off the main drive shaft. The oil cooler blower draws cooling air from the air inlet fairing to supply ambient air to the engine and transmission oil coolers and to the engine compartment. The main rotor transmission is mounted on the basic airframe structure above the passenger/cargo compartment. The transmission is lubricated by its own air cooled lubrication system. The main rotor static mast is non-rotating and is rigidly mounted to the mast support structure. The rotor hub is supported by the rotor mast. 4. ILLUSTRATIONS/FIGURES

MD 520N 3 Views

Report No. 01 : NOTAR Helicopter Controls Instructor : Dr. Jay Jack R. Manzano

Name : Dizon, John Kevin M. Date : June 14, 2013 Grade : Page : 5 of 6 Issue No. : 1

The Instrument Panel

An MD 520N Helicopter in flight

Report No. 01 : NOTAR Helicopter Controls Instructor : Dr. Jay Jack R. Manzano

Name : Dizon, John Kevin M. Date : June 14, 2013 Grade : Page : 6 of 6 Issue No. : 1

Labeled Aft Section View showing the NOTAR System

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