CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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CHAPTER 4:
INFLUENCE LINE OF DETERMINATE BEAM AND FRAMEWORK

Objective:
1. To Sketch diagram of influence line for reactions, shear force and moment for:
a. Simply supported beam
b. Simply supported beam with one end overhanging
c. Simply supported beam with both ends overhanging.
2. To calculate shear force and moment using influence line
3. To determine maximum shear force and moment
4. Calculate Absolute Maximum Moment (MMM)

4.1 INTRODUCTIONS:
Influence line is to:
Analysis a structure due to moving load along the beam.
Show the changes in reaction, shear stress, moment and displacement in certain
point in structure when applied a unit load.
Determine the greatest position the greatest value of live load in beam.

4.2 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INFLUENCE LINE DIAGRAM (ILD) AND BMD (BENDING
MOMENT DIAGRAM)
INFLUENCE LINE DIAGRAM
(ILD)
a) Static and Moving Load
b) Diagrams show only one point on the
beam.
c) Calculations based on the virtual load.
d) Straight line only
e) Calculations do not refer to reactions of
beam.
f) Unit: m

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM (BMD)

a) Static load only.
b) Diagram shows the moment at all
points on the beam.
c) Calculations based on real loads.
d) Straight lines and curves.
e) Calculations based on the SFD.
f) Unit : kNm

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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4.3 BASIC CONCEPT TO DRAW INFLUENCE LINE DIAGRAM (ILD)
1 unit
x
A

a
RAY

= [L-x]/L 1-x/L

RCY=x/L

4.3.1 REACTION
ILD RAY

L/L
b/L
[+]
0

ILD RCY

L/L
a/L
0

[+]

4.3.2 SHEAR FORCE OF BEAM

ILD Vc

b/L
[+]
[-]

a/L
4.3.3 BENDING MOMENT OF BEAM
ILD Mc

0
[+]

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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ab/L
EXAMPLE 1: SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM
Draw Influence Line Diagram for reaction at A and B, Shear force and bending
moment for the beam.
1 unit
x
A
C
B

7.5m
RAY

= [L-x]/L
=1-x/L

2.5m
10m

RBY=x/L

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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EXAMPLE 2: SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM WITH ONE END OVERHANGGING

Draw Influence Line Diagram for reaction at A and B, Shear force and bending
moment for the beam.
1 unit
x
A
C
B
D

2m
RAY

5m
7m

3m
RBY

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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EXAMPLE 3: SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM WITH BOTH END OVERHANGGING

Draw Influence Line Diagram for reaction at B and D, Shear force and bending
moment for the beam.
1 unit
x
A
B
C
D
E

5m

8m
RBY

3m
11m

RDY

6m

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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4.4 TO DETERMINE REACTION, SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT DUE TO

POINT LOAD AND UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTION LOAD.
Basic Concept:
1. Due to Point load
2. Due to UDL

Rn, Vn, and Mc = PnYn where Pn = Point load

Yn = Odinit Y
Rn, Vn, and Mc = Wn An where Wn = UDL load
An = Area of section
Pn kN

B Wn Kn/m

RA =[L-x]/L

RC=x/L

4.4.1 REACTION
ILD RAY
L/L
b/L

RA=+PnY1 + WnAn
= PnY1 + Wn [1/2 xbxY2]
0

[+]
Y1

ILD RCY

Y2
Y3=L/L
Y2=a/L

[+]

0
Y1
4.4.2 SHEAR FORCE OF BEAM

Y2

ILD Vc

Rc= PnY1 + WnAn

= PnY1 + Wn [1/2{ Y2+Y3}xb]
Y3

Y3=b/L
[+]
[-]
Y1

Vc= -PnY1 + WnAn

= -PnY1 + Wn [1/2 xbxY3]

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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Y2=a/L

4.4.3 BENDING MOMENT OF BEAM

ILD Mc
0
0 Mc=PnY1 + WnAn
Y1
Y2
= PnY1 + Wn[1/2 x Y2 x b]
Determine Reaction at A, Shear Force, and Bending Moment for beam.
Example 1:
30kN
25kN/m
A

B
3m

Example 2

C
4m

D
5m

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM MOMENT (AMM)

Definition:

Example
Using the influence line diagram, determine Absolute Maximum Moment (AMM) for this simply supported
Beam if a series of point load moving from A to B.
10N 10N 20N
1m

20N

1m 2m

10N
3m

SOLUTION:
10N 10N 20N
1m

20N

1m 2m

10N 10N

3m

20N

4m

20N

2m

3m

Determine total load,

Load, R

P1+P2+P3+..Pn

Rx

=
=
=

P2X1+ P3X2+ P4X3+ P5X4+ Pn+1Xn

=
=
=

____m
_________= ______m
_________= ______m

X
So,

5
B

50m

1.

4m

a
b
c

_______ (so, R locate between load __ & __ )

10N

20N

2m

20N

3m

CC601: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2

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b< c, x =

L/2 + b/2