PHY6426: CLASSICAL MECHANICS HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #10: Solutions Canonical Trasformations and Hamilton-Jacobi Equation due by 9:35 a.m.

Mon 11/05 Instructor: D. L. Maslov maslov@phys.u.edu 392-0513 Rm. 2114

Please help your instructor by doing your work neatly.

1. Goldstein, Problem 9.10 (note that x is used for q ) (33 points) Solution a) Q = p x P = x2

is this a canonical transformation? A criterion for canonicity is [P, Q]p,x = P Q P Q =1 p x x p = 2 = 1 = 2x x = 1/2

b) Re-write the transformation as Qx P = x2 . p = Then it is a transformation from (x, Q) to (p, P ) . Hence the generating function is a function of x and Q (type I) Qx F = x F P = = x2 . Q p = Integrating the rst equation, we get F = Qx2 . 2

Using the canonicity condition = 1/2 , the equivalent form of F is F = Qx2 Then the result for P is obtained as well. c) Harmonic oscillator H= Hamiltons equations x = p H = p m H p = = kx x 1 p2 + kx2 . 2m 2

2 or x = Solution x (t) = x0 cos t + x 0 sin t, p k = x = 2 x m m

where x0 and x 0 are the initial coordinate and velocity, correspondingly. Choose x 0 = 0. Then x (t) = x0 cos t p (t) = mx = mx0 sin t New coord. and momentum Q (t) = p = m0 tan t x 2 P (t) = x2 = x2 0 cos t.

2. Goldstein, Problem 9.32 (33 points) Solution:

2 2 H = q1 p1 q2 p2 aq1 + bq2 p1 aq1 F1 = , F2 = q 1 q 2 . q2

Calculate the Poisson bracket for F1 [H, F1 ] = Calculate the derivatives H p1 H p2 H q1 H q2 F1 q1 F1 q2 F1 p1 F1 p2 = q1 = q2 = p1 2aq1 = p2 + 2bq2 a q2 p1 aq1 = 2 q2 1 = q2 = = 0. H F1 H F1 H F1 H F1 + . p1 q1 p2 q2 q1 p1 q2 p2

Substituting the derivatives into the Poisson brackets, we nd q1 a q2 + (q2 ) p1 aq1 2 q2 (p1 2aq1 ) 1 =0 q2

Jacobi identity (Goldstein, eq. 9.75e) states [u, [v, w]] + [v, [w, u]] + [w, [u, v ]] = 0.

3 If u = H and v and w are the two constants of motion, so that [H, v ] = [H, w] = 0 then the Poisson bracket of v and w is also a constant of motion. Check the Poisson bracket of F1 and F2 F1 F2 F1 F2 F1 F2 F1 F2 + p1 q1 p2 q2 q1 p1 q2 p2 1 = q2 = 1 q2

[F1 , F2 ] =

This bracket is another constant of motion but it is a trivial constant, which is not an algebraic function of q, p.