International Journal of Applied Mathematics

& Statistical Sciences (IJAMSS)

ISSN(P): 2319-3972; ISSN(E): 2319-3980
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May 2014, 1-8
© IASET

A FIXED POINT THEOREM IN FUZZY METRIC SPACE WITH SEMICOMPATIBLE AND

RECIPROCALLY CONTINUOUS MAP

ANKITA TIWARI1 , VANDANA GUPTA2 , SANDEEP K.TIWARI3 & ARIHANT JAIN4

1
School of Studies in Mathematics, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
2
Professor & Head, Depart ment of Mathematics, Govern ment Kalidas Girls College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
3
Reader, School of Studies in Mathemat ics, Vikram Un iversity, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
4
Department of Applied Mathematics, Shri Guru Sandipani Institute of Technology and Science,
Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present paper is to establish a common fixed point theorem for semi compatib le pair of self maps
in a Fu zzy metric space which generalizes and improves various well known co mparable results.

KEYWORDS: Common Fixed Point, Fuzzy Metric Space, Reciprocal Continuity, Semi Co mpatible, Weakly
Co mpatible

1. INTRODUCTION

The study of common fixed point of mappings in a fuzzy metric space satisfying certain contractive conditions
has been at the center of vigorous research activity. The concept of fuzzy sets was initiated by Zadeh [27] in 1965.
With the concept of fuzzy sets, the fuzzy metric space was introduced by Kramosil and Michalek [12]. Grabeic [7] proved
the contraction principle in the setting of the fuzzy met ric space which was further generalization of results by the
Subramanayam [25] for a pair of commut ing mapping. also, George and Veermani [6] modified the notion of fuzzy metric
space with the help of continuous t-norm by generalizing the concept of probabilistic metric space to fuzzy situation.
In 1999 Vasuki [26] introduced the R-weak co mmutative of mapping in fuzzy metric space and pant [16] introduced the
notion of reciprocal continuity of mappings in metric spaces. Also, Jungck and Rhoades[10] defined a pair of self
mappings to be weakly compatib le if they commute at their coincidence points. Balasubramaniam et.al [1] p roved a fixed
point theorem wh ich generalizes a result of Pant for fuzzy mappings in fuzzy metric space. Pant and Jha [17] proved a
fixed point theorem that gives an analogue of the results by Balasubramaniam et.al.[1] by obtaining a connection between
the continuity and reciprocal continuity for four mapp ings in fuzzy met ric space.

Recently Kutukcu et.al. [13] has established a common fixed point theorem in a fu zzy metric space by studying
the relationship between the continuity and reciprocal continuity which is a generalization of the results of Mishra[14] and
also gives an answer to the open problem of Rhoades [19] in fu zzy metric space. Jha et.al.[9] has proved a common fixed
point theorem for four self mappings in fuzzy metric space under the weal contractive conditions . Also, B. Singh and
S. Jain [23] introduced the notion of semi co mpatible map in fuzzy metric space in the map of type(β) and obtained some
fixed point theorems in complete fu zzy metric space in the sense of Grabeic [7]. As a generalization of fixed point results
of singh and jain [23], Mishra et. al. [15] proved a fixed point theorems in co mplete fuzzy met ric space by replacing
continuity condition with reciprocally continuity maps.

www.i aset.us edi tor@iaset.us

2 Ankitatiwari, Vandana Gupta, Sandeep K. Tiwari & Arihant Jain

The purpose of this paper is to obtain a common fixed point theorem for semi compatib le pair of self mappings in
fuzzy metric space. Our result generalizes and imp roves various other similar results of fixed points. We also give an
example to illustrate our main theorem. We have used the following notions :

Definiti on 1.1 ([27]): Let X be any set. A fuzzy set A in X is a function with do main X and values in [0, 1]

Definiti on 1.2([6]): A binary operation * : [0, 1] × [0, 1] → [0, 1] is called a continuous t-norm if, ([0, 1], *) is an
abelian topological monoid with unit 1 such that a * b ≤ c * d whenever a ≤ c and b ≤ d, for all a, b, c, d in [0, 1].

For an examp le: a * b = ab, a* b = min {a, b}.

Definiti on 1.3([6]): The triplet (X, M, *) is called the fuzzy metric space (shortly, a FM- space) if, X is an
arbitrary set, * is a continuous t-norm and M is a fuzzy set on X×X× [0, 1] satisfying the following condit ions:
for all x, y, z in X, and s, t > 0.

 M(x,y, 0) = 0,M(x, y, t) >0

 M(x, y,t) = 1 fo r all t>0

 M(x, y, t ) = M(y, x, t)

 M(x,y,t)* M (y, z, s) ≤ M ( x, z, t + s )

 M(x, y,.): [0,∞)→[0,1] is left continuous.

In this case, M is called a fuzzy met ric on X and the function M(x, y, t) denotes the degree of nearness between
x and y with respect to t.

Madhya Pradesh, Indi a Also, we consider the follo wing condition in fuzzy metric space (X, M, *)

 Limt→∞ M(x, y, t ) = 1, for all x, y ∈ X

It is important to note that every metric space (X,d) induces a fuzzy metric space (X, M, *) where a*b = min
{ a, b} and for all a, b Є X,

We have M (x, y, t) = t / ( t + d (x,y)) for all t > 0

And M (x, y, 0) = 0,so called the fu zzy metric space induced by the metric d.

Definiti on 1.4 ([6]): A sequence {xn } in a fu zzy metric space (X, M, *)is called a Cauchy sequence if,

limn→∞ M ( xn+p, xn, t) = 1 for every t > 0 and for each p> 0.

A fuzzy metric space (X, M,*) is co mplete if, every Cauchy sequence in X converges in X.

Definiti on 1.5([6]): A sequence [xn ] in a fuzzy metric space (X, M,*) is said to be convergent to x in X if limn→∞
M (xn,,x,t) = 1 for each t>0.

It is noted that since * is continuous , it fo llo ws fro m the condition (iv) of definit ion (1.3) that the limit of a
sequence in a fuzzy met ric space is unique.

Definiti on 1.6([1]): Two self mapping A and S of a fuzzy metric space (X,M,*) are said to be compatible, of
limn→∞ M( ASxn ,, SA xn,t) = 1 whenever [xn ] is a sequence such that limn→∞ A xn = limn→∞ Sxn =p,for some p in X.

Impact Factor (JCC): 1.8673 Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

A Fixe d Point Theorem in Fuzzy Metric Space with Semicompatible and Reciprocally Continuous Map 3

Definiti on 1.7 ([10]): Two self mappings A and S of a fuzzy metric space (X,M ,*) are said to be weakly
compatible if they co mmute at coincidence points. That is, A x = Sx imp lies that ASx = SA x for all x in X.It is important to
note that compatible mappings in a metric space are weakly co mpatible but weakly co mpatible mappings need not be
compatible.[ 24].

Definiti on 1.8 ([23]): Two self mapping A and S of a fuzzy metric space (X,M,*) are said to be semi compatib le,
limn→∞ M( ASxn ,, Sx,t) = 1 whenever [xn ] is a sequence such that limn→∞ A xn = limn→∞ Sxn = p for so me p in X.

Definiti on 1.9 ([23]): Two self mapping A and S of a fu zzy metric space

(X, M,* ) are said to be reciprocally continuous if, of limn→∞ M( ASxn, A x, t) = 1 and M( SAxn, Sx,t) = 1 whenever [xn ] is a
sequence such that

Lim n→∞ Axn = limn→∞ Sxn =p,for some p in X.

It is noted that if A and S both continuous , they are obviously reciprocally continuous but the converse need not
be true. For this, we have the following examp le:

Lemma 1.11([20]) Let (X, M, *) is a fuzzy metric space. If there exists k∈(0,1) such that M(x, y, kt) ≥ M (x,y, t)
then x = y.

Lemma 1.12([3]) Let A and S be two self maps in a fu zzy metric space (X, M,*)

If the pair (A,S) is reciprocally continuous , then (A,S) is semi co mpatible if, and only if (A,S) is compatible.

If A, B,S and T are self mappings of a fu zzy metric space (X,M ,*) in the sequel.

we shall denote N(x,y, kt) = min { M (A x,Sx,t), M (By,Ty,t),M (A x,Ty, αt), M (Sx, By, (2-α)t),} for all x,y ∈ X,
α∈ (0,2) and t > 0.

2. MAIN RESULTS

Theorem 2.1: Let (X, M,*) be a co mplete fu zzy metric space with additional condition (vi) and with a*a ≥ a for
all a∈[0,1].Let A,B,S,T be mappings from X into itself such that

AX  SX,BX  TX,and

M (A x, By,t) ≥ k ( N (x,y,t))

Where k: [0,1]→ [0,1] is a continuous function such that k(t) > t for so me 0<t<1

and for all x,y ∈ X, α ∈ (0,2) and t>0.If (A,T) or (B,S) as weakly compat ible pair of reciprocally continuous maps
with respectively (B,S) or (A,T) as weakly co mpatible maps, then A, B, S And T have a unique common fixed point in X.

Proof: Let x0 ∈ X be an arbitrary point. Then since AX  SX, BX  TX,

There exists x1 ,x2 ∈ X such thatAx0 = Sx1 and Bx1 = Tx2 .Inductively,we construct the sequence [yn ] and [xn ] in X
such that y2n = A x2n = Sx2n+1 and y 2n+1 = Bx2n+1 =T x2n+2 ,

for n = 0,1,2,…

Now we put α = 1- q with q ∈ (0,1) in (ii) then we have

www.i aset.us edi tor@iaset.us

4 Ankitatiwari, Vandana Gupta, Sandeep K. Tiwari & Arihant Jain

M (y 2n , y 2n+1 ,t) = M(A x2n,Bx2n+1,t) ≥ k min {M(A x2n ,Tx2n+1 ), M(Bx2n+1 ,Sx2n+1 , t)

M (Tx2n ,Sx2n+1 , t) M(A x2n , Sx2n+1 ,(1-q )t ),

M (Tx2n , Bx2n+1 , (1+q) t)}.

That is,

M (y 2n ,y2n+1 , t) ≥ k min {M (y 2n-1 ,y 2n , t), M (y 2n ,y 2n+1 , t), M (y 2n-1 ,y2n , t),M (y 2n ,y2n+1 , t)

M (y 2n-`1 ,y2n+1 , (1+q)t ),}

≥ k min({ M (y 2n-1 ,y2n , t), M (y 2n ,y2n+1 , t), M (y 2n-1,y 2n , t),

M (y 2n-1 ,y 2n+1 ,q t)}

≥ M (y 2n-1 ,y2n , t) * M (y 2n ,y2n+1 , t ) * M (y 2n ,y2n+1 ,qt)

Since t-norm * is continuous, letting q→ 1, we have,

M (y 2n ,y2n+1 , t) ≥ k min {M (y 2n-1 ,y 2n , t), M (y 2n ,y 2n+1 , t), M (y 2n , y 2n+1 , t)}

≥ k min {M (y 2n-1,y 2n , t), M (y 2n ,y 2n+1 , t )}

It follows that M (y 2n ,y2n+1 , t) > M (y 2n-1 ,y 2n , t ), since k(t) > t Fo r each 0< t<1.

Similarly, M (y 2n+1 ,y2n+2 , t) > M (y 2n ,y 2n+1 , t).

Therefore, in general we have

M (y n, y n+1 , t) ≥ k (M (y n-1 ,y n , t)) > M (y n-1 ,y n , t).

Therefore, {M (y n ,y n+1 , t)} is an increasing sequence of positive real nu mbers in [0,1] and tends to a
limit , say γ ≤ 1.

We claim that γ = 1 If γ < 1, then

M (y n ,y n+1 , t ) ≥ k (M (y n-1 ,y n , t ))

so letting n→∞,we get lim n→∞ M (y n ,y n+1 , t )≥ k( lim n→∞ M (y n ,y n+1 , t)

That is γ ≥ k(γ) > γ, a contradiction. thus we have γ = 1.

Now for any positive integer p, we have

M (y n ,y n+1 , t )≥ M (y n ,y n+1 , t )* M (y n+1 ,y n+2 , t/p )*… M (y n+p-1 ,yn+p , t/p)

Letting n→∞ we get lim n→∞ M (y n, y n +p , t)≥ 1* 1 *1…* 1=1

Thus, we have lim n→∞ M (y n ,y n+p , t) = 1.Hence [y n ]is a Cauchy sequence in X. Since X is a Co mplete metric
space, so the sequence {yn } converges to a point u (say) in X and consequently the sub - sequence {Ax2n },{Tx2n },{Sx2n+1 }
and {Bx2n+1 } also converges to u.

We first consider the case when (A,T) are reciprocally continuous semi compatib le maps and (B,S) is weakly
compatible. Since A and T are reciprocally continuous semi co mpatible maps,

Impact Factor (JCC): 1.8673 Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

A Fixe d Point Theorem in Fuzzy Metric Space with Semicompatible and Reciprocally Continuous Map 5

So we have ATx2n → Au, TA x2n → Tu and M (ATx2n ,Tu,t) = 1.

Therefore we get Au = Su.

We claim that Au = u. fo r this suppose that Au ≠u.

Then setting x= u and y = x2n+1 in contractive condition (ii) with α = 1, we get

M(Au, Bx2n+1 ,t) ≥ k (min{ M(Au, Tu,t), M (Bx2n+1 ,Sx2n+1 ,t), M (Tu, Sx2n+1 ,t ), M (Au, Sx2n+1 ,t ), M (Tu, Bx2n+1 ,t)}

Letting n→∞ we get M (Au, u,t) ≥ k(M(Au, u,t )) > M(Au, u,t ), which imp lies that u=Au.

Thus we have u =Au =Tu. Since AX  SX, So there exists v in X such that

u = Au = Sv, Therefore setting x = x2n and y = v in contractive condition (ii) with α = 1, we get

M(A x2n ,Bv,t) ≥ k (min{ M(A x2n ,Tx2n ,t), M(Bv, Sv,t), M(Tx2n ,Sv,t), M(A x2n ,Sv,t), M(Tx2n ,Bv,t) })

Letting n→∞ we get M (Au, Bv,t) ≥ k (M (Au, Bv,t)) > M (Au, Bv,t ),

which implies that u =Bv.

Thus we have u = Bv = Sv. Therefore we get u = Au = Tu = Bv = Sv.

Now, since u = Bv = Sv, so by weak co mpatibility of (B,S) it follows that

BSv = SBv and so we get Bu = BSv = SBv =Su. Thus from the contractive condition (ii) with α = 1, we get

M (Au, Bu, t) ≥ k (min {M(Au, Tu, t ), M( Bu,Su, t ), M (Tu, Su, t), M(Au, Su, t), M( Su, Bu, t )})

That is, M (u, Bu, t) > M (u, Bu, t), which is a contradiction.

This imp lies that u= Bu. Similarly using condition (ii) with α = 1, one can show that Au =u. Therefore, we have

u =Au =Bu =Su =Tu. Hence the point u is co mmon fixed point of A, B, S and T.

Again, we consider the case when (B,S) reciprocally continuous semi co mpatible maps and (A,T) is weakly
compatible . Since B and S are reciprocally continuous semi co mpatible maps, so we have

BSx2n → Bu, SBx2n →Su and M (SBx2n , Bu,t) = 1.therefore,we get Bu=Su.

We claim that Bu=u. For th is suppose that Bu ≠ u.

Then setting x = x2n and y = u in condition (ii) with α = 1, we get

M(A x2n ,Bu,t) ≥ k (min { M(A x2n ,Tx2n ,t), M(Bu, Su,t), M(Tx2n ,Su,t), M (A x2n ,Tu,t), M(Tx2n ,Bu,t)})

Letting n→∞ M( u, Bu, t ) ≥k( M( u, Bu, t )) > M( u, Bu, t ),which implies that u =Bu.

Thus we have u =Bu =Su. Since BX  TX, so there exists w in x such that u =Bu =Tw.

Therefore setting x =w and y =x2n+1 in condition (ii) with α = 1we get

M (Aw,Bx2n+1 ,t) ≥ k (min{ M(A w,T x2n+1 ,t) M(Bx2n+1 , Sx2n+1 ,t), M(ATw,Sx2n+1 ,t), M(Aw,Sx2n+1 ,t),

M (Tw,Bx2n+1 ,t) })

www.i aset.us edi tor@iaset.us

6 Ankitatiwari, Vandana Gupta, Sandeep K. Tiwari & Arihant Jain

Letting n→∞ we get M (Aw, Bu,t) ≥ k M (Aw,Bu,t) > M (Aw,Bu,t )

Which implies that u =Aw. Thus we have u=Aw= Tw.

Therefore, we have u=Aw = Tw = Bu = Su.

Now since u =Aw =Tw,so by weak co mpatibility of (A,T),it follows that

ATw =TA w and so we get Au = ATw = TAw =Tu Thus contractive condition (ii) with α = 1, we get, we have

M(Au,Bu,t) ≥ k (min { M(Au,Tu,t), M(Bu,Su, t), M(Tu,Su,t ), M (Au,Su,t), M(Tu,Bu,t)})

That is M(Au, u,t)≥ k M(Au,u,t) > M(Au,u,t) wh ich is a contradiction. This imp lies that Au=u. Similarly using (ii)
with α = 1, we get, we can show that Tu=u. Therefore, we have u =Au =Bu =Su =Tu. Hence, the point u is a common fixed
point of A,B,S and T.

UNIQUENESS

The uniqueness of a common fixed point of the mapping A,B,S and T be easily verified by using (ii).In fact , if u 0
be another fixed point for mappings A,B,S and T. Then fo r α = 1,we have

M(u,u 0 ,t) = M(Au,Bu 0 ,t) ≥ k(min { M(Au,T u,t),M(Bu 0 , Su 0 ,t), M (Tu,Su 0 ,t),

M(Au,Su 0 ,t),M(Tu,Bu 0 ,t) })

, ≥ k(M (u,u 0 ,t)) > M(u,u 0 ,t),and hence,we get u=u 0

This completes the proof of the theorem.

CONCLUSIONS

The purpose of this paper is to obtain a common fixed point theorem for semi compatib le pair of self mappings in
fuzzy metric space. Our result generalizes and improves various other similar results of fixed points in fuzzy metric space
with semi co mpatib le mapping and recip rocally continuous map. The result has a number of applications in various

branches of Mathematics and mathematical Sciences .

REFERENCES

1. Balasubramaniam P, Muralishankar S & Pant R P, Co mmon fixed points of four mappings in a fu zzy metric
space, J. Fuzzy Math., 10(2) (2002), 379.

2. Cho Y.J., Fixed po int in fu zzy metric space, J. Fuzzy Math., 5(1997), 940.

3. Cho Y. J, Pathak H K, Kang S M & Jung J. S., Co mmon fixed points of compatible mappings of type(β) on fuzzy
metric space, Fu zzy Sets and Systems 93 (1998),99.

4. Chauhan M.S., Badshah V.M . & Chauhan V.S., Co mmon fixed point of semi co mpatible maps in fuzzy metric
space, Kath. Univ. J. Sci. Engg. Tech., 6(1) (2010), 70.

5. Chugh R. & Ku mar K, Co mmon fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric spaces, Bull. Cal. Math. Soc., 94(1)
(2002),17.

Impact Factor (JCC): 1.8673 Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0

A Fixe d Point Theorem in Fuzzy Metric Space with Semicompatible and Reciprocally Continuous Map 7

6. George A. & Veermani P., On some results in fuzzy metric space, Fu zzy sets and Systems, 64(1994), 395.

7. Grabeic G., Fixed points in fu zzy metric spaces, Fuzzy sets and Systems, 27(1988), 385.

8. Jha K., Generalized common fixed point theorem in fu zzy metric spaces, The Nepali Math. Sci. Report, 29
(1-2) (2009), 69.

9. Jha K., Karadzov G.E. & Pecaric J, A generalized co mmon fixed point in fuzzy met ric space, The Nepali Math.
Sci. Report 30(1-2) (2009), 62.

10. Jungck G. & Rhoades B.E., Fixed point for set valued functions without continuity, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math.
29(3) (1998), 227.

11. Khan M.S., Pathak H.K. & George R, Co mpatible mappings of type (A-1) and type (A-2) and Co mmon fixed
points in fuzzy metric spaces, Int. Math. Forum, 2(2007), 515.

12. Kramosil O. & M ichalek J., Fu zzy metric and statistical metric spaces, Kybernetika, 11(1975), 326.

13. Kutukcu S., Sharma S. & To kgoz H., A fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric space, Int. J. Math. Anal.,
1, (18) (2007), 861.

14. Mishra S.N., Co mmon fixed points of co mpatible maps in FM-space, Math. Japon, 36(1991), 283.

15. Mishra U., Randive A. S. and Gopal D, So me fixed point theorems in fu zzy metric space, Tamkang J. Math. 39(4)
(2008), 309.

16. Pant R. P., Co mmon fixed points of four mappings, Bu ll. Cal. Math. Soc., 90(1998), 281.

17. Pant R.P. & Jha K., A remark on common fixed points of four mappings in a fuzzy metric space, J. Fuzzy
Math.,12(2)(2004),433.

18. Pant V, Discontinuity and fixed points in fuzzy metric space, J. Fu zzy Math., 16(1)(2008),43.

19. Rhoades B.E., Contractive definit ions and continuity, Contemporary Math., 72(1988), 233.

20. Sharma S., Co mmon fixed point theorems in fu zzy metric spaces, Fuzzy sets and Systems, 127(2002), 345.

21. Sharma S., Pathak A. & Tiwari R, Co mmon fixed point of weakly co mpatible maps without continuity in Fuzzy
metric space, Int. J. Math., 20(4)(2007), 495.

22. Singh B., & Chauhan M.S. Common fixed points of compatible maps in fuzzy metric space, Fuzzy sets and
Systems, 115(2000), 471.

23. Singh B. & Jain S., Semi-co mpatible and fixed point theorems in fuzzy metric space, Chungcheong Math. Soc.,
18(2005), 1.

24. Singh S.L. & To mor A., Weaker forms of co mmuting mappings and existence of fixed points , J. Korean Soc.
Math. Edu. Ser B: Pu re Appl. Math., 10(3)(2003),145.

25. Subramanyam P. V., A co mmon fixed point theorems in fu zzy metric space, Inform. Sci., 83(1995), 103.

www.i aset.us edi tor@iaset.us

8 Ankitatiwari, Vandana Gupta, Sandeep K. Tiwari & Arihant Jain

26. Vasuki R., Co mmon fixed points for R-weakly co mmut ing mappings in fuzzy metric spaces, Indian J. Pure and
Appl. Math., 30(1999),419.

27. Zadeh L.A., Fu zzy Sets, Inform. and Control., 89(1965), 338.

Impact Factor (JCC): 1.8673 Index Copernicus Value (ICV): 3.0