BELT DRIVES

Flat belts and V-belts: It may be employed to transmit power from one shaft to another where it is not necessary to maintain an exact speed ratio between the two shafts. Power losses due to slip and creep amount to from 3.0 to 5.0 percent for most belt drives. In the following discussion it will be assumed that the shafts are parallel. Belt design: It involves either the proper belt selection to transmit a required power or the determination of the power that may be transmitted by a given flat belt or by one V belt. In the first case! the width of the bet is unknown! while in the second case! the width is known. The belt thickness is assumed for both cases The power transmitted by a belt drive is a function of the belt tension and belt speed. !o"er # $T% &T'() * + or # $T% &T'(V,--. * h/ "here# T% $ belt tension in tight side! % T' $ belt tension in loose side! % V $ belt speed! m&s '' (he following formula for determining the stress* 0'* for the flat belts applies when the thickness of the belt is gi)en but the "idth is unkno"n# * m V ) =ef ) ) m V "here# * $ maximum allowable stress! %&m) ) $ stress in the slac+ side of the belt! %&m) m $ mass of *.0 meter of belt *.0 m) in cross section ! kg f $ coefficient of friction between belt and pulley $ angle of wrap of belt on pulley! rad. '' (he required cross section area of the flat belt for the case of the "idth unkno"n may be determined by# T * T ) Re1uired area # * ) '' (he required flat belt width b is therefore# B # area,thickness (he value of ,(* -(). may be determined from the horsepower requirement! ! # $T% & T'(V* + '' (he maximum tension in the tight side of the belt depends on the allowable stress of the belt material. (he allo"able tensile stress for leather belting is usually ' . to 2 345,m'! and the allowable stress for rubber belting will run from % . to % 6 45,m'! depending on the quality of the material. /eather belting can be obtained in various single ply thic+nesses. 0ouble and triple ply belts are also available.

'' (he following formula for determining the value of T' for both flat and V belt applies when the "idth and thickness of the belt are kno"n# f T * mV ) sin & ) =e T ) mV ) "here# m $ b.t.p $ mass of *.0 meter of belt! kg,m b $ belt width! m! t $ belt thic+ness! m ! p $ belt density! +g&m3 $ groove angle for the V belt , is *10 for a flat belt.. '' (he quantity mV' is due to centrifugal force! which tends to cause the belt to leave the pulley and reduce the power that may be transmitted. 7ngle of "ra/: (he angles of wrap for an open belt may be determined by#

sin =

R r c

R r c R r ) = *10 + ) = *10 + )sin * c

* = *10 ) = *10 )sin *

% r

' R

(he angles of wrap for a crossed belt drive may be determined by# R +r sin = c R +r * = ) = *10 + ) = *10 + )sin * c

'

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