ACIDIMETRY (Titration Lab)

Acidimetry is the determination of acidic substances by titration. The term alkalimetry

refers to the analogous basic process. Both processes are neutralization reactions, and
they constitute an important part of volumetric analysis. In volumetric analysis, a solution
of the substance being determined is treated with a solution of suitable reagent of exactly
known concentration standard!. The standard reagent solution is added until it is
e"uivalent to the amount of substance being determined. #or the acid base reaction this
e"uivalence is obtained when number of moles of $
%
are e"ual to the number of moles of
&$
'
, since $
%
% &$
'
''''''''' ( $
)
&
In a typical experiment, the buret is filled with the standard solution. An indicator is
added to the unknown solution in the flask. The indicator will cause a visual change in
the color of the solution to signal that the end point has been reached. This process is
known as a titration.

*any acid base indicators are available. They all have different p$s at which their color
will change. #or some acid base titrations like the ones to be performed in this
experiment, phenolphthalein can be used. +henolphthalein exhibits a pink color in basic
solutions and is colorless in acidic solutions. In this experiment you will be adding base
from the buret until a fraction of the drop of the base changes color from colorless to pale
pink.

,teps in performing the lab
-! ,tandardization of .a&$ solution using +otassium Acid +hthalate /$+!
)! 0sing standardized .a&$ from the first step to determine the molarity of an
unknown acid

*aterials1
+henolphthalein indicator solution
-' 23 m4 buret
-' 23 m4 5rlenmeyer flask
-' Buret card
.a&$ solution
+otassium acid phthalate
0nknown acid

SAFETY AND WASTE DISPOSAL
Goggles !st be "orn at all ties# Waste $an go %o"n t&e %rain "it& r!nning "ater#
In'or instr!$tor ie%iatel( i' an( $&ei$al gets in t&e e(e#
Ste) *+ Stan%ar%i,ation
+rocedure1 &btain 23 m4 of .a&$ solution from the instructor. 6lean the buret thoroughly first
with 7I water and then with the .a&$ solution. #ill the buret with .a&$ solution and note
down the initial reading of the buret. &btain a clean dry )23 m4 5rlenmeyer flask and weigh out
about 3.- g of /$+ into it use a weighing paper!. Add about )2 ml of 7I water to the flask and
shake till the /$+ completely dissolves. Add one drops of phenolphthalein indicator and titrate
against .a&$ solution. .ote the volume of .a&$ needed to obtain the end point.

*odified from 5* 8'-9'-)
Data Table -* R!n * R!n .
*ass of /$+
Initial :eading of buret
#inal reading of buret
/ol!e o' NaO0 !se%
Data Pro$essing
-! 6alculate the moles of /$+ used in each run. *olar mass of /$+ is
)3;.)8 g<mole
)! 0sing moles of acid e"uals moles of base, calculate the molarity of .a&$
solution
8! #ind the average molarity of both runs.

Ste) .+ Deterination o' olarit( o' !n1no"n a$i%
&btain a beaker containing unknown acid from your instructor and note the number down in
your lab notebook. #ill the acid buret with unknown acid and transfer 2.33 ml of unknown acid
to an ehrlenmeyer flask. Add two drops of indicator solution. Titrate with .a&$ solution and
note down the volume of .a&$ used to reach the end point. :epeat.
Data Table -. R!n * R!n .
Initial :eading of base
#inal reading of base
/ol!e o' NaO0 !se%
Initial :eading of acid
#inal reading of base
/ol!e o' a$i% !se%

Data Pro$essing
;! 6alculate the moles of .a&$ used in each run.
2! 0sing moles of base e"uals moles of acid and the volume of unknown
acid, calculate the molarity of unknown acid
9! #ind the average molarity of both runs.
4ab report1 you may use front and back but use ball point pen!
heading, title,
standardization=copy data table and show work for data processing> box answers
molarity of acid=copy data table and show work for data processing> box
answers
after being told actual molarity, find ? error,
*odified from 5* 8'-9'-)