Plan

Apparatus:
The apparatus required for this experiment are:
1) Stand (including bosses and clamps)
2) 2 Strings (85 cm long)
3) Scissors
) T!o identical masses (1""g)
5) #ubber band
$) %etre rule
&) Stop cloc'
8) Support (ar
)) (lue*tac
1") +or'
11) ,in
-iagram:
+hoice of apparatus:
. chose to the metre rule as on of m/ choices because it has a precision of "05mm0 %oreo1er its 1er/
con1enient to use a meter rule because . am going to measure the length of the unstretched rubber
band and then multipl/ that it b/ 105 and that !ill be the length bet!een the t!o pendulums2 thus
not ha1ing to use another measuring de1ice0
The second apparatus . chose !as the stop cloc'0 The precision of the stop cloc' is 333333 but the
uncertaint/ of the stop cloc' depends on /ou0 To find out the percentage uncertaint/ of a stop
!atch /ou start the timer and /ou ha1e to tr/ to stop it at 1" seconds2 an/ seconds abo1e or belo! is
/our percentage uncertaint/0
Method:
1) Set up apparatus as sho!n in the diagram0 .nsure that the length bet!een the t!o pendulums
are about 105 times the length of the unstretched rubber band (l)0 4t this point use the stop
cloc'
2) place a pin underneath the the pendulum and use as a reference for measurement0
3) 5se the stopcloc' to ensure that both pendulums ha1e the same period0 .f the period are not
the same ad6ust the length until both periods are the same0
) 7old one of the pendulums in the the 1ertical position and mo1e the other pendulum about
1"cm then release it0 (ensure that the pendulums don8t oscillate at an angle)0
5) 5sing the stop!atch2 record the time bet!een one pendulum stopping and stopping again
record this as time T on /our table to /our corresponding 90
$) #epeat the reading t!o more times
&) #epeat the procedure but at a different lengths belo! the support bar record the length as 9
on /our table0
:ength 9
(metres)
ln(9) Time T
(seconds)(1)
Time T
(seconds)(2)
Time T
(seconds)(3)
41erage of T ln(41g of T)
1" cm
The independent 1ariable is the length 9 therefore the dependent 1ariable is the time T0 The
controlled 1ariable in this experiment is the period of both pendulums0 To ma'e this a fair
experiment !e need to ma'e sure that the controlled 1ariable is is al!a/s under control2 thus the
pendulums ha1e the same period0 .f the pendulums dont ha1e the same peroid then the experiment
!ont be a fair test0
Safety:
The main safet/ concern is the apparatus falling from the table0 To ensure the apparatus doesn8t fall
off the table2 place a !eight on top of the t!o clamps0 ;ther safet/ aspects !hich need to be
considered is to ne1er run around the lab and sta/ at /our !or' place at all time0
Processing data:
4fter . ha1e ta'en all m/ readings . !ill ln the length 9 and ln the a1erage time T0 <rom this data .
plan on plotting a graph of ln(9) on the 9 axis and ln(T) on the = axis0 The use of the ln enables us
to dra! straight line graph in !hich the gradient is n0 The equation for the graph is:
ln(T)>nln(9)?ln(')
Error:
The main source of error is the stop !atch because it is dependant on our reaction times0 4
s/stematic error !hich can occur in this experiment is the rubber band might not be hori@ontal
therefore !e need to insure that the rubber band is al!a/s hori@ontal22 if not repeat the reading0