CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS

SET 3
(a) There is three types of food additive in the material bran X.
State the types of the food additive and it function.
Terdapat tiga jenis bahan tambah makanan dalam bahan berjenama X.
Nyatakan jenis bahan tambah itu dan fungsi masing- masing. [ 6 markah ]
(b) (i) State the function of ascorbic acid yellow sunset in materials Y?
Nyatakan fungsi asid askorbik dan sunset yellow dalam bahan jenama Y? [ 2 markah ]
(ii) Ethyl Buthanoate also a food additive in material Y. State the use and name the homolog series
for food additive.
Etil butanoat juga merupakan bahan tambah makanan dalam bahan jenama Y.
Nyatakan kegunaan dan namakan siri homolog bagi bahan tambah makanan itu. [ 2 markah ]
set 8
6 (a) In the food processing at factory, food preservation always being used. Sodium benzoate is one of the food
preservation.
Dalam pemprosesan makanan di kilang, bahan tambah makanan selalu digunakan. Natrium benzoat
adalah antara bahan tambah makanan yang selalu digunakan.
(i) What is meant by food preservatives
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan bahan tambah makanan ?
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
(ii) What is the function of sodium benzoate
Apakah fungsi natrium benzoat?
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
(iii) Name one type of food preservative from natural resourse which have same function with sodium
benzoate.
Namakan satu jenis bahan tambah makanan daripada sumber asli yang mempunyai peranan seperti
natrium benzoat.
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
(iv) The consumer health will be disturbed if the quantity of food preservative is over the standard limit.
State one side effect that can happen to the consumer.
Kesihatan pengguna akan terjejas sekiranya kuantiti bahan tambah makanan melebihi had yang
ditetapkan. Nyatakan satu kesan sampingan yang boleh berlaku ke atas pengguna ?
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
1

SOS CILI SUPER
KANDUNGAN :
Cili Segar, Garam natrium
klorida, Asid en!oik, Asid
askor"ik#
$ARIK% LUPUS :
&' Disem"er ())*

( kg
SOS CILI SUPER
KANDUNGAN :
Cili Segar, Garam natrium
klorida, Asid en!oik, Asid
askor"ik#
$ARIK% LUPUS :
&' Disem"er ())*

( kg
AIS KRIM NANAS
KANDUNGAN :
Susu tanpa lemak, gula,
lemak, etil butanoat,
asid askorbik, sunset
yellow
TARIKH LUPUS :
31 Disember 2005
JENAMA X
JENAMA Y
(b) Antibiotic, hormone and analgesic are one of the medicine used to cure the patient. Penicillin is one of the
example of antibiotic and insulin is the example of hormone.
Antibiotik, hormon dan analgesik adalah antara ubat yang digunakan bagi merawat pesakit. Penisilin
adalah contoh ubat antibiotik dan insulin adalah contoh hormon.
(i) What is the function of penicillin
Apakah fungsi penisilin?
...................................................................................................................................................[ 1 markah]
(ii) In the doctor prescription, the patient should finish all the antibiotic dose that is given. After 2 days
taking the antibiotic, the patient feel healthy and stop taking the antibiotic. What is the consequence of
his action toward the bacteria that coursed the pain.
Dalam preskripsi doktor, pesakit dikehendaki menghabiskan dos antibiotik dos yang diberikan. Selepas
dua hari mengambil antibiotik, seorang pesakit telah merasa sihat dan berhenti mengambil antibiotik.
Apakah akibat tindakan ini terhadap bakteria yang telah menyebabkan beliau sakit ?
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
(iii) Figure 5 shows the structural formulae of aspirin
Rajah 5 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi aspirin.
H O H
C C C H
H O
C C H
C C
H O
C C
O H
H
What is molecular formulae and empirical formula of aspirin?
Apakah formula molekul dan formula empirik bagi aspirin?
.....................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 2 markah]
(iv) Calculate the molecular mass of aspirin
Berapakah jisim molekul bagi aspirin?
[Gunakan maklumat : Jisim atom relatif : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
(v) State a function of insulin
Nyatakan fungsi insulin.
.................................................................................................................................................. [ 1 markah]
set 1
(c)
Discuss the uses of aspirin and it effect to our health.
Bincang penggunaan aspirin dan kesannya ke atas kesihatan kita.
[ 5 marks ]
2
FIGURE / RAJAH 5
Aspirin is one of the examples of analgesic medicine that cannot be
prescribed to children below 12 years old.
Aspirin ialah satu contoh ubat analgesik yang tidak boleh digunakan oleh
kanak-kanak yang berumur di bawah 12 tahun.
PERC. SGOR 07
10 (a) (i) Using a suitable example and equation, what is meant by polymer and polymerisation?
Dengan menggunakan satu contoh dan persamaan yang sesuai, Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan
polimer dan pempolimeran.?
[5 marks]
(ii) Synthetic polymers are now widely used in our daily life, replacing the use of metals and other natural
materials. The wide use of synthetic polymers has however give rise to environmental problems.
Explain briefly how this phenomenon occurs and suggest methods that can be undertaken to reduce this
problem.
Polimer sintetik adalah digunakan secara luas dalam kehidupan kita sekarang, menggantikan
pengunaan logam dan bahan semula jadi lain. Namun bagitu, penggunaan polimer sintetik secara luas
bagini telah menimbulkan masalah persekitaran. Terangkan secara ringkas bagaimana fenomena ini
berlaku dan cadangkan cara yang boleh diambil untuk mengurangkan masalah ini.
[5 markah]
(b) Diagram 10.1 shows the label on a bottle of seasoning sauce bought from a supermarket.
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan label pada suatu botol perisa yang telah dibeli dari sebuah pasaraya
Refer to the ingredients listed in the label in Diagram 10.1 to answer the following questions.
Rujuk kepada ramuan yang disenaraikan pada label Rajah 10.1 untuk menjawab soalan soalan berikut.
.
(i) What are the functions of benzoic acid and ascorbic acid in the sauce and how do these food additives
work?
Apakah fungsi asid benzoik dan asid ascorbik dalam sos tersebut dan bagaimanakah bahan tambah
tersebut bertindak?
[4 marks]
(ii) Other than benzoic acid and ascorbic acid, state the name of two other ingredients in the sauce which
do not function as a flavouring.
Selain daripada asid benzoik dan asid ascorbik, nyatakan nama dua jenis ramuan dalam sos itu yang
tidak berfungsi sebagai perisa [2 marks]
(iii) Food dye is sometimes added to processed food.State two reasons for such use. Some food colouring
can be obtained from plants. Give two examples of this type food dye, stating the colour of the dye
obtained from these plants.
Pewarna kadang-kala ditambah kepada makanan yang telah diproseskan. Nyatakan dua sebab
kegunaannya. Setengah pewarna boleh diperoleh daripada tumbuhan. Berikan dua contoh pewarna
tersebut dan nyatakan warna yang dapat diperolehi daripada tumbuhan itu
[4 marks]
3
Yum-Yum Sauce
Ingredients:
olive oil, salt, soya sauce, soya bean
paste, chilli, sugar, vinegar, benzoic acid,
ascorbic acid, monosodium glutamate,
tartrazine
Expiry date: 31.12.200
DIAGRAM 10.1.
Sos Yum-Yum
!amuan:
minya" zaitun, garam, sos soya,
taucu, chili, gula, cu"a, asid benzoi",
asid as"orbi", mononatrium
glutamat, tartrazina
#ari"h lupus: 31.12.200
RAJAH 10.1
PERC. PHG 07
8
Diagram 8.1
Rajah 8.1
(a) Name part X and part Y. State the solubility of each parts in water and grease.
Namakan bahagian X dan bahagian Y. Nyatakan keterlarutan setiap bahagia
di dalam air dan gris. [4 marks]
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a set-up of apparatus when a student carried out two experiments to
investigate the cleansing effect of soap and detergent on oily stained cloth in hard water.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan susunan radas apabila Seorang pelajar menjalankan dua eksperimen
untuk mengkaji kesan pembersihan bahan pencuci oleh sabun dan detergen keatas kotoran
berminyak dalam air liat.
Experiment
Eksperimen
Arrangement
of apparatus
Susunan
radas
Experiment I:
Eksperimen I:
Experiment II:
Eksperimen II:
Observation
Pemerhatian
Oily stain remained
Kotoran berminyak kekal
Oily stain disappeared
Kotoran berminyak hilang
Diagram 8.2
Rajah 8.2
4
Soap + hard water
Sabun + air liat
Cloth with oily stain
Kain kotor yang berminyak
Detergent + hard water
Sabun + air liat
Cloth with oily stain
Kain kotor yang berminyak
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
COO

Na
+
Part X
Bahagian X
Part Y
Bahagian Y
Compare the cleansing effect between Experiment I and Experiment II.
Explain why there are differences in the observations. State the substance which is more
suitable as a cleansing agent to remove stain in hard water.
Bandingkan kesan pembersihan antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan dalam pemerhatian tersebut. Nyatakan bahan yang
lebih sesuai sebagai bahan pencuci kotoran berminyak dalam air liat.
[ 6 marks]
(c) Patient X, Y and Z are suffering from dental pain, pneumonia and depression respectively.
What are the medicines that can be used to treat patients X, Y and Z ?
Pesakit X,Y dan Z mengalami sakit gigi , pneumonia dan depresan. Apakah ubatan yang boleh
digunakan untuk merawat pesakit X, Y dan Z.
[ 3 marks]
(d) Based on your answer in (c ),
Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (c ),
(i) State one precaution that should be followed by patient X while taking the
medicine.Explain why.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diikuti oleh pesakit X apabila
mengambil ubat. Jelaskan mengapa.
[2marks]
(ii) Explain why patient Y must complete the whole course of the medicine prescribes to
him even if he feels better.
Jelaskan mengapa pesakit Y mesti menghabiskan kesemua ubat yang disyorkan
walaupun beliau telah sihat.
[3 marks]
(iii) State two side effects of the medicine taken by patient Z.
Nyatakan dua kesan sampingan terhadap ubat yang diambil oleh pesakit Z.
[ 2 marks]
5
skima
perc. sgor 07
1
0
(a) (i) Polymer are long-chained / big molecules make up of many smaller
repeating units joined together .
1
Polymerisation is the process by which the smaller molecules /
monomer are joined together forming the big molecule / polymer
1
Name suitable example of polymer ( polythene/
polypropene/PVC/any synthetic polymer)
1
Name the correct monomer involved with the named polymer
(ethene/propene/chloroethene/ the correct monomer)
1
Balanced equation for the polymerisation process
Example: n CH2CH2 -(CH2-CH2)n--
1 ......5
(ii) State any 3 pollution problems from the use of synthetic polymers.
Examples :
-non-biodegradable, cause disposal problem
-blockage of drainage system and rivers/ causing flash flood by
blockage
-swallowed by aquatic animals such as turtles/fish and cause death
-collects rain water and encourage breed of mosquitoes larvaes
-releases harmful/ poisonous gases when burnt.
- causes acidic rain
1+1+1
.....3
Suggest any 2 methods to overcome the pollution problem
-recycle plastics/ synthetic polymers
-reduce / reuse plastics
-develop biodegradable polymers 1+1 ....2
1
0
(b) (i) Benzoic acid
- As preservative
- Slows down the growth of microroganisms/bacteria/fungi in
the food
Ascorbic acid
- As an antioxidant
- Slows down the oxidation of oils and fats
// Prevents oils from becoming rancid
1
1
1
1 ...... 4
(ii) Olive oil 1
Tartrazine 1 ....... 2
(iii
)
To add or restore the colour in food 1
To enhance the visual appeal of the food. 1
Suggested answers:
6
Pandan green
Saffron/tumeric yellow
Caramel / Brown sugar / Gula melaka brown
Butterfly peas flower/ lemuni leaf-purple
[Accept any 2 suitable answers]
1+1
..... 4
Total: 20
PERC. PHG 07
8 (a) Part X hydrophobic/hydrocarbon 1m
Part Y hydrophilic/ionic 1m
Parx X dissolves in grease 1m
Part Y dissolves in water 1m 4
(b) 1.The cloth in experiment II is clean whereas the cloth
in Experiment I is still dirty.
2.In hard water,soap react with magnesium ion
3.to form scum
4.Detergent are more effective in hard water
5.Detergent does not form scum
6.Detergent are better cleansing agen then soap to
remove oily stain.
[ each points 1m ]
6
(c ) Patient X : Analgeis/anpirin - 1m
Patient Y: Antibiotic/penicillin/streptomycin 1m
Patient Z ; Psychotherapeutic / antidepressant 1m 3
(d)(i) Precaution:
1.Take after food.
2. Swallowed with plenty of water
Explain:
1. Acidic and can cause irritation of the stomach.
2. To avoid internal bleeding/ulceratiion
[precaution 1m]
[explain 1m ]
2
(d)(ii) 1.To make sure all the bacteria are killed /
becomes ill again 1m
2. bacteria become more resistant. 1m
3.Need stronger antibiotic to fight the same infection
1m
3
(d)(iii) 1.Drowsiness 1m
2. poor coordination/light-headedness 1m 2
TOTAL
20
7