Vol 2 - Part 3 - Div 2

PROJECT:
CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE OF OFFICERS VILLAS

ABU DHABI / MOSSAFHA, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

FOLDER NAME:

VOLUME 2: SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3: INFRASTRUCTURE
DIVISION 2: LANDSCAPING

Construction & Maintenance of Officers Villas
Abu Dhabi / Mossafha, United Arab Emirates

VOLUME 2
SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
INFRASTRUCTURE Page 1 of 69
November 2011

GENERAL TENDER VOLUMES

Volume 1(A) Instruction to Tenderers

Volume 1(B) General Conditions of Contract,
Appendix to Tender, Form of Agreement
And Particular Conditions of Contract

Volume 2 Specifications

Volume 3 Drawings

Volume 4 Bill of Quantities


VOLUME 2
SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
November 2011

SPECIFICATIONS
VOLUME 2 OF 4
Table of Contents

Part 1 General
Division 1 General Requirements

Part 2 4 and 5 Bedroom Villas
Division 2 Site Works
Division 3 Concrete
Division 4 Masonry
Division 5 Metals
Division 6 Wood and Carpentry
Division 7 Thermal and Moisture Protection
Division 8 Doors and Windows
Division 9 Finishes
Division 10 Bath & Toilet Accessories (Specialties)
Division 11 Equipment (Not Used)
Division 12 Furnishing
Division 13 Special Construction (Not Used)
Division 14 Conveying System (Not Used)
Division 15 Mechanical
Division 16 Electrical

Part 3 Infrastructure
Division 1 Particular Specifications
Division 2 Landscaping
Division 3 Standard Specifications
Division 4 Potable Water Network
Division 5 Irrigation Network
Division 6 Storm Water (Refer to Vol. 2, Part 3, Div. 1 & 3)
Division 7 Sewerage Network
Division 8 Power Network
Division 9 Street Lighting and Landscape Lighting
Division 10 Telecommunication Network

Part 4 Vendors List


VOLUME 2
SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
November 2011

PART 3 INFRASTRUCTURE

Division 2: Landscaping

Table of Contents
SECTION A: SOFT LANDSCAPE ........................................................................................ 6
1 General ......................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Description ............................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 Standards .............................................................................................................................. 7
1.3 Quality Control ....................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Submittals .............................................................................................................................. 8
1.5 Delivery, Storage, Handling ................................................................................................... 9
1.6 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................ 10
2 Materials ..................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1 Agricultural Soils .................................................................................................................. 11
2.1.1 Composition ............................................................................................................. 11
2.1.2 Properties ................................................................................................................. 11
2.2 Compost & Organic Manure ................................................................................................ 12
2.3 Fertilizers and Soil Conditioners .......................................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Composition ............................................................................................................. 12
2.3.2 Properties ................................................................................................................. 12
2.4 Biologic organic fertilizers .................................................................................................... 13
2.4.1 Sea Weed / Fish / Bone/ Blood Based Fertilizers ..................................................... 13
2.4.2 Composted Sewage Sludge ..................................................................................... 14
2.4.3 Coconut Fiber ........................................................................................................... 14
2.4.4 Non - Organic Fertilizers ........................................................................................... 14
2.5 Irrigation Water .................................................................................................................... 15
2.6 Planting Medium .................................................................................................................. 15
2.7 Maintenance Fertilizer Application....................................................................................... 18
2.8 Plant Protection Chemicals ................................................................................................. 19
2.9 Permeable Filter Membrane (Soil Separator) ...................................................................... 19
2.10 Planting Material (Plants) ................................................................................................. 19
2.11 Trees................................................................................................................................ 20
2.12 Palms ............................................................................................................................... 20
2.13 Shrubs and Ground Cover ............................................................................................... 21
2.14 Lawn ................................................................................................................................ 21
2.15 Related Items ................................................................................................................... 21
2.15.1 Tree Stakes, ties and anchoring ............................................................................... 21
2.15.2 Temporary Planting Screens and Shades ................................................................ 22
2.15.3 Anti-Desiccant .......................................................................................................... 22
2.15.4 Drainage Gravel ....................................................................................................... 22
2.15.5 Gravel Mulch & Natural Stone .................................................................................. 22
2.15.6 Root Control Barrier .................................................................................................. 22
3 Execution .................................................................................................................................... 23
3.1 General................................................................................................................................ 23
3.2 Palms .................................................................................................................................. 24
3.3 Planting Medium .................................................................................................................. 24
3.4 Planting Depths & Pits ......................................................................................................... 24
3.5 Percolation Tests ................................................................................................................. 25
3.6 Planting Sequence .............................................................................................................. 25
3.7 Identification ........................................................................................................................ 26
3.8 Lawn Areas ......................................................................................................................... 26

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3.8.1 Sprig Installation ....................................................................................................... 27
3.8.2 Sod Installation ......................................................................................................... 27
3.8.3 Seeding .................................................................................................................... 27
3.8.4 Protection ................................................................................................................. 28
3.9 Cultivation Operations ......................................................................................................... 28
3.9.1 Maintenance of Planting ........................................................................................... 28
3.9.2 Lawn Maintenance ................................................................................................... 28
3.9.3 Use of Chemicals ..................................................................................................... 29
3.9.4 General Clean-Up..................................................................................................... 29
4 Ongoing Maintenance ................................................................................................................ 29
4.1 General................................................................................................................................ 29
4.2 Maintenance Practices ........................................................................................................ 30
4.2.1 Palms ....................................................................................................................... 33
4.2.2 Trees and Shrubs ..................................................................................................... 34
4.2.3 Ground Covers ......................................................................................................... 35
4.2.4 Climbers & Vines ...................................................................................................... 35
4.2.5 Lawn Areas .............................................................................................................. 35
4.3 Reporting and Inspections ................................................................................................... 37
4.4 Soft Landscape Maintenance Manual ................................................................................. 38
4.5 Final Acceptance ................................................................................................................. 38
SECTION B: HARD LANDSCAPE ..................................................................................... 39
1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 39
1.1 Quality Control ..................................................................................................................... 40
1.2 Public Safety and Security .................................................................................................. 40
1.3 Cleanliness of Site ............................................................................................................... 41
1.4 Works To Be Kept Dry ......................................................................................................... 41
1.5 Temporary Works ................................................................................................................ 42
1.5.1 Special Instructions .................................................................................................. 42
2 New Installations ........................................................................................................................ 42
2.1 Submittals ............................................................................................................................ 42
2.2 Delivery, Storage and Handling ........................................................................................... 43
2.2.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 43
3 Materials ..................................................................................................................................... 44
3.1 General................................................................................................................................ 44
3.2 Site Furniture ....................................................................................................................... 45
3.2.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 45
3.2.2 Windbreaks and Temporary Planting Screens ......................................................... 45
3.2.3 Sun Protection and Shade Sails ............................................................................... 46
3.2.4 Benches ................................................................................................................... 46
3.2.5 Litter Bins.................................................................................................................. 46
3.2.6 Collapsible Bollards .................................................................................................. 47
3.2.7 Lighting Bollards ....................................................................................................... 47
3.3 Garden and Lawn Edging .................................................................................................... 47
3.4 Rocks and Stones ............................................................................................................... 48
3.4.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 48
3.5 Compacted Gravel Pavement ............................................................................................. 48
3.5.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 48
3.6 Burned Clay Pavers ............................................................................................................ 49
3.6.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 49
3.6.2 Delivery, Storage and Handling ................................................................................ 49
3.6.3 Properties ................................................................................................................. 50
3.7 Sub Grade ........................................................................................................................... 51
3.8 Base Course ........................................................................................................................ 51

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3.9 Bedding Course ................................................................................................................... 52
3.10 Mortar for Rigid Installation of Pavers .............................................................................. 52
3.11 Joint Filler ........................................................................................................................ 52
3.12 Manufacturer's Plant, Production & Quality Procedures .................................................. 52
3.13 Play Structures and Playground ...................................................................................... 53
3.13.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 53
3.13.2 Approved Equipment ................................................................................................ 53
3.13.3 Wooden Equipment .................................................................................................. 54
3.13.4 Metal Components ................................................................................................... 54
3.13.5 Plastic Components.................................................................................................. 55
3.13.6 Rope Elements, Belt Swings, Springs ...................................................................... 55
3.13.7 Fasteners and Accessories ...................................................................................... 55
3.13.8 Play Surface ............................................................................................................. 56
3.13.8.1 General ............................................................................................................... 56
3.13.9 Signs and Markings .................................................................................................. 57
3.14 Turf .................................................................................................................................. 57
3.14.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 57
3.14.2 Submittals and Warranty .......................................................................................... 58
4 Execution .................................................................................................................................... 59
4.1 General................................................................................................................................ 59
4.2 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................ 60
4.3 Clay Pavers ......................................................................................................................... 60
4.3.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 60
4.3.2 Sub-Grade ................................................................................................................ 61
4.3.3 Granular Sub-Base ................................................................................................... 61
4.3.4 Flexible Installation of Clay Pavers ........................................................................... 61
4.3.4.1 Bedding Course .................................................................................................... 61
4.3.4.2 Installation ............................................................................................................ 61
4.3.4.3 Compaction and Joint Filling ................................................................................ 62
4.3.5 Rigid Installation of Clay Pavers ............................................................................... 63
4.3.5.1 Preparation ........................................................................................................... 63
4.3.5.2 Installation ............................................................................................................ 63
4.3.6 Quality Control .......................................................................................................... 64
4.4 Compacted Gravel Pavement ............................................................................................. 64
4.5 Play Structures .................................................................................................................... 65
4.5.1 Installation ................................................................................................................ 65
4.6 Playground Surface ............................................................................................................. 66
4.7 Playing Surfaces for Outdoor Sports Facilities .................................................................... 66
4.8 Road Line and Playing Surface Marking ............................................................................. 69
4.9 Architectural Metalwork ....................................................................................................... 69


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SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
November 2011

Section A: SOFT LANDSCAPE
1 General
1.1 Description
A. This Specification for Soft Landscape includes:
a. The supply, installation and replacements of specified plant materials including plants,
planting soil, supply and use of fertilisers, plant protection chemicals, additives and all
related works
b. The supply, installation and / or replacement of associated items
c. All maintenance works for plants and related works in the project
d. Safe working practice
e. Related works during the maintenance period.
B. All other Sections of this Contract shall be read in conjunction with the stipulations under this
Section.
C. The Contractor shall investigate the planting site prior to final grading and installing plant materials
in order to verify conflicts which may occur with the scheduling of his work with other construction
activity in the vicinity of the project area.
D. The Contractor shall determine that all underground utilities and site grading are complete and that
the irrigation system is installed and in appropriate function.
E. In case the irrigation system is not yet in operation during construction and / or maintenance
period, appropriate manual watering including all required equipment shall be provided by the
Contractor at no extra cost until the irrigation system is in operation.
F. The Contractor shall provide and maintain adequate protection to protect all new and existing work
and all items of equipment and furnishings for the entire duration of work and maintenance period
to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
G. The Contractor shall prepare and submit final levels and contours to be achieved in final grading
for approval by the Engineer at a minimum of four weeks before commencing the earthworks.
H. The Contractor shall employ highly qualified personnel for this Project, subject to the approval of
the Engineer.
I. The Contractor shall employ a horticulturist with extensive field experience in plant maintenance
including ornamental plant, turf and nursery management and pest and disease control.
J. The Contractor shall employ an irrigation engineer with extensive field experience in supervising
the installation and maintenance of landscape irrigation networks, including pumping systems, farm
irrigation experience only is not favorable.
K. The landscape laborers shall be skilled and appropriately experienced in the installation and
maintenance of landscape preparation, planting, irrigation works and all related works.
L. The Client / Engineer reserves the right to reject or accept any Contractors personnel engaged on
the project for unqualified services or performance.
M. The Contractor shall comply with safety standards and governing regulations for the on-Site
activities. The Contractor shall not burn waste materials at site, bury debris or excess materials on
site, discharge volatile or other harmful dangerous materials into irrigation or drainage systems
N. The Contractor shall remove waste materials from site on a day-to-day basis and dispose of in a
lawful manner.
O. No substitution of species or sizes of specified plants shall be made without expressly approval of
the Engineer.
P. The Contractor shall have a representative who will be able to attend site meetings throughout
the duration of the Contract period, and who will have the authority to provide daily ongoing
direction for all work crews.
Q. It is the responsibility of the successful Contractor to notify all agencies that may be affected by
the installation of any services or work within this Contract and obtain all necessary permits,
approvals, stakeouts, and locates.
R. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining and/or verifying all required utility locations prior to
the digging of post holes.
S. A detailed layout drawing is required of each play structure to be installed. This drawing is to
be submitted for review and information prior to construction. The drawing shall include the

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SPECIFICATIONS
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November 2011

manufacturers name and model numbers, dimensions, fall heights, safety zones, setbacks as
well as contextual information.
1.2 Standards
A. Activities under this Section shall comply with the following international standards:

BS 3936 - 1: 1992 Nursery stock Specifications for trees and shrubs
BS 3936 - 7: 1989 Nursery stock Specification for bedding plants
BS 3936 - 9: 1998 Nursery stock Specification for bulbs, corms & tubers
BS 3936 -10:1990 Nursery stock Specification for Ground Cover plants
BS 3998:2010 Recommendations for tree work
BS 4043:1989 Transplanting root-balled trees
BS 4428:1989 Code for general landscape operations
1.3 Quality Control
A. All plant materials, plants, planting soil or other materials specified for the project shall be accepted
installed or planted only with prior approval of the Engineer.
B. All activities, installation procedures, incl. preparatory works, planting, installation, quality checks
and testing, all related works during installation and maintenance of the works shall be performed
only with prior approval of the Engineer.
C. The Contractor shall not proceed to complete further works until following works have been
inspected and approved by the Engineer during construction period:
a. Submission of works construction program, reporting formats and QA / QC formats
b. Approval of all samples & materials, method statements
c. Evidence of plant material availability and plant delivery program
d. Approval of shop drawings, layouts, levels and final location of landscape elements
e. Setting out of landscape areas and pits
f. Filled, compacted and graded sweet soil fill, gravel surfacing to landscape areas prior
mixing of amendments and planting
g. Excavated pits and percolation tests for pits prior planting
h. Plant stock approved / inspected in the nursery prior to transportation to Site
i. Plant stock approved at the site prior to planting
j. Any irrigation approvals, irrigation system located and working correctly prior planting
k. Staking, guying and tying of plants (whereas required)
l. Excavation of ornamental stone/mulch areas prior to laying geo-textile and any edging or
placing stone
m. Detailed Maintenance Manual and approved As-Built drawings prior to PAC
D. The Contractor shall not proceed to complete further works until following works have been
inspected and approved by the Engineer during maintenance period:
a. Endorsed or modified maintenance manuals and As-Built drawings
b. Monthly maintenance schedules and records
c. Weekly maintenance schedules and records
E. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer 48 hours prior to the inspection of the above. Such
notification shall be given by inspection request in approved format.
F. Those activities shall be identified as hold points in the Contractors program and inspection and
test plans.
G. Any delays, additional work or additional costs due to non-conformance of the Contractor with the
above stipulations shall be at the Contractors own risk and expense.
H. Certificates of inspection shall accompany the invoice for each shipment of plants as may be
required by law for transportation.
I. File certificates are to be provided to the Engineer prior to acceptance of the material.

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1.4 Submittals
A. The Contractor shall submit all materials to be used along with the approved format, technical
specifications, manufacturers information, manuals etc. for the approval of the Engineer.
B. The Engineers approval shall be obtained for all products and materials prior to use in the works.
Approval of products or materials does not in any way relieve the Contractor of his full
responsibilities under the Contract.
C. The Contractor shall submit 2 representative samples each of the following items for the Engineers
approval:
a. Agricultural soil (prior to amending): 1 Kg. along with soil analysis report
b. Planting medium (after amendment); 1 Kg of each specified with analysis report
c. Fertilisers, manures & other additives; Manufacturers documentation and specifications
d. Irrigation water sample
e. Natural stones / Gravel/Drainage stone: 0.25 cubic metres
f. Geo textile fabric & other drainage materials: 1 square meter
g. Staking & Guying materials and methods: As appropriate and required by the Engineer
h. Samples of all plants prior delivery: Nursery visits as necessary, to be arranged by the
Contractor
D. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the proposed source or sources of agricultural soil for
approval prior use. Each sample shall be tested and analyzed by a qualified agricultural soil testing
laboratory, and the results submitted to the Engineer. All testing procedures for agricultural soil
shall be deemed to be included in the Contractors rates.
E. Soil mix, quantity of application of compost and fertilizers shall be submitted for the approval of
the Engineer.
F. The Contractor shall submit shop drawings for all planting areas including layouts, levels, location
of plants and other landscape elements for the approval of the Engineer.
G. The Contractor shall carry out all tests directed by the Engineer to ensure that the materials and
workmanship are in accordance with the specified Standards and stipulations in the Contract
Documents.
H. At the time of completion of works, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the complete As
Built set of drawings and manuals for approval and final approval as specified in the Contract
Documents.
I. The Contractor shall submit the manufacturer's literature and labels for the following materials prior
to use or installation:
a. Fertiliser
b. Pesticides and all plant protection chemicals
c. Compost and Manure
d. Any other specific products or additives not listed above.
J. Any tests by the Contractor or third party shall be based on a representative sample of material to
be used to be taken in the presence of the Engineer. An authorized testing laboratory accepted by
the Engineer shall perform the testing and all costs shall be born by the Contractor. The following
test reports shall be submitted:
a. Manufacturers certified analysis of all standard products, including fertilisers and manures
b. Certificates confirming the origin, size of all standard products
c. HSE Certificates.
K. Following test shall be performed:
a. Agricultural soil:
pH value
Electrical conductivity
Free carbonates
Chlorides
Sulphates
Exchangeable sodium
Boron

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Sodium
Magnesium
Sieve analysis
Sodium Absorption Ratio
b. For planting medium (after amendment)
pH value
Electrical Conductivity (EC)
c. Irrigation water
Electrical Conductivity (EC)
pH Value
Chlorides (Cl)
Nitrate (NO3)
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Sulphates (SO4)
Calcium (Ca)
Sodium (Na)
Magnesium (Mg)
Potassium (K)
Boron (B)
L. In case municipal supply water or other known source of irrigation water is not used, test certificate
shall be produced along with submittal of sample.
1.5 Delivery, Storage, Handling
A. Manufactured, processed or otherwise prepared materials shall be properly packed and labeled to
indicate manufacturer, contents, weight and a detailed description of the material. If delivered in
bulk, the Contractor shall submit confirmation giving information required as specified for labels
and certifying that materials meet the specified requirements.
B. All materials shall be inspected by the Engineer for damage in transit. No defective materials shall
be delivered to the Site. Any material subsequently damaged shall be removed from the Site
immediately by the Contractor at his expense.
C. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer at least 15 days in advance of the time when plants will
arrive on the Site.
D. All plant materials shall be delivered and kept appropriately, cool and moist at site until installed.
E. The Contractor shall assure appropriate species identification of plants and other landscape
material through the use of certified tags or labels. Plants shall be identified with labels bearing
waterproof writing.
F. Fertilizer, mulching materials and similar product shall be properly stored in climate controlled
conditions.
G. Agriculture soil shall be stored in heaps no greater than one and a half meters high. Soil heaps
shall be protected from undue compaction and no construction or waste materials shall be stored
on or mixed with the soil. Soil heaps not intended for immediate use shall be kept appropriately
covered.
H. At no time shall plants be allowed to dry out, therefore the Contractor shall provide water, shade
and protection for plants from hot or cold winds. If necessary, the Contractor shall construct sheds
and shade structures under his full responsibility and cost.
I. The Contractor shall assure that plants are handled in the appropriate manner by skilled personnel.

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J. Care shall be taken to avoid damaging plants being moved from the nursery or holding area to the
planting site.
K. Plants in containers or balled shall be handled or moved by the container or root ball only, not by
the branches or trunk. Plants shall not be dropped from trucks to the ground. Plant shall be
protected from freezing or drying out by covering burlap, tarpaulin or mulching material during
transport. Tree trunks shall be protected from sun burn and the terminal protected from damage
caused from breakage or rubbing.
L. No plant shall be accepted if the ball of earth surrounding its root system has been cracked or
broken prior to or during planting or after the burlap, ropes or platform required in transplanting has
been removed.
M. On delivery to the Place of the Work but before setting plants in place, arrange for an inspection by
the Engineer for preliminary review. Engineer reserves the right to inspect plants and to select
plants at place of growth.
N. Plants not in conformance with the Contract Documents or damaged will be rejected and shall be
replaced by the Contractor on his own expense.
1.6 Maintenance
A. The Contractor shall provide and maintain adequate protection to protect all new and existing work
and all items of equipment and furnishings for the entire duration of execution and maintenance
period to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
B. Maintenance requirements include watering, adjustment of guys and stakes, cultivation, weeding,
pruning, and spraying against insect pests and diseases; wrapping and mulching, straightening of
plants which lean or sag and which develop more than a normal amount of settlement including
excavating around and leveling or raising the plant ball when so directed and other incidental work.
C. The Contractor shall replace dying, dead or deformed plant material and plants not growing in a
manner acceptable to the Engineer during the first succeeding planting season with same size,
quality and species indicated in Contract Document. Plants that are dormant during growing
season shall be replaced.
D. The Contractor shall periodically check guys and stakes of trees to ensure attachment of wire, ties
and appropriate ground anchorage. Turnbuckles on guyed plant material shall be kept tight. If ties
damage plants, place ties in another position at the trunk to prevent further damage. Repair
broken guys and replace broken stakes.
E. Plants to be kept in upright position all times.
F. Where manual irrigation is required, the Contractor shall apply sufficient water to planted areas to
penetrate the soil to a minimum depth of 200 mm and in a manner to allow constant, slow
saturation. Cease application of water at saturation point to prevent erosion or washout
G. In case of manual watering of plants, weather situation shall be considered not to over-irrigate
plants and save water in periods of rain
H. The Contractor shall maintain planting areas free of weeds by approved methods and materials
I. The Contractor shall inspect plant materials at least once a month during growing season to locate
any disease or insect pest infestations.
J. In case of discovery of any disease or insect pest infestation, a professional, qualified biologist
shall be commissioned at the expense of the Contractor to identify and recommend an infestation
control procedure. Appropriate preventive measures shall be taken to avoid further spreading of
disease or infestation.
K. The Contractor shall provide 2 copies of the infestation control report to the Engineer for review
indicating type of infestation, insecticides, fungicides or herbicides to be used and the entire control
procedure. Carry out the control procedure unless directed otherwise by the Engineer.
L. The Contractor shall limit the amount of pruning to the minimum necessary to remove dead or
injured twigs and branches. Cuts shall be flush, leaving no stubs, mature branches shall be cut in
stages to avoid tearing down the trunk. All cuts, bruises or scars on the bark shall be smoothed,
shaped and covered by approved means.
M. The Contractor shall repair damage resulting from erosions, washouts, excessive settlement or
other causes by filling areas again with topsoil to finished grade as specified and replace damaged
plants.
N. The Contractor shall apply fertilizer during maintenance period as specified according to the results
of the analysis contained in the topsoil test report on the installed planting soil mix.

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O. The Contractor shall maintain plants from time of shipment to the Place of the Work until the end of
the Maintenance Period.
P. All plants furnished under this section shall be the species, hybrid, flower color and/or variety
specified herein or on the Drawings. If plants prove to be of a different species, hybrid, flower color
and /or variety not initially determinable, the Contractor shall replace that plant with a new plant of
the originally specified species, hybrid, flower color and/or variety.
Q. The Contractor shall replace all plants found in an unhealthy growing condition during the
Maintenance Period.
R. Replacements shall be with new healthy plants of same species /variety/ hybrid/ flower color and
size at the time of replacement.
2 Materials
2.1 Agricultural Soils
2.1.1 Composition
A. Agricultural soil shall be sweet sand or marine washed sand free of calcium carbonate, subsoil,
refuse, roots, noxious weeds, phytotoxic materials, rocks, sticks, brush, litter, construction debris or
any other deleterious materials and shall be approved by the Engineer before use.
B. Agricultural soil shall be free draining, non-toxic and capable of sustaining healthy plant growth and
shall have good water holding capacity and minimal runoff or erosion characteristics.
C. The soil shall be from an approved source and taken from approved locations having removed
surface crusts and gypsiferous accumulations.
D. Agricultural soil may also be obtained by stripping existing topsoil from suitable areas within the
site such as existing greenery areas. Suitability shall be determined according to a detailed
chemical soils analysis and as directed by the Engineer. The garden topsoil shall be stripped to a
depth of 300mm and stockpiled as specified. The excavated topsoil shall be friable and loamy, free
of roots, rocks larger than 12 mm, subsoil, debris, large weeds and other foreign matter,
conforming to ASTM D2487 Group symbol (OH)(PT), acidity range: pH 5.5 to 7.5. The soil shall be
ameliorated according to the recommendations contained in the soil analysis report.
2.1.2 Properties
A. The agricultural soil shall comply with the following chemical criteria:
a. pH value: not less than 6.5 or not more than 8
b. Electrical conductivity: less than 2500 micromhos /cm (2.5 dS / m) in saturated
extract at 25C
c. Free carbonates: less than 0.5% air dried
d. Chlorides: less than 200 ppm in saturated extract
e. Sulphates: less than 200 ppm in saturated extract
f. Exchangeable sodium: less than 15% in neutral normal ammonium acetate
g. Boron: less than 1.5 ppm, hot water soluble
h. Sodium less than 250 ppm
i. Magnesium less than 100 ppm
j. Nitrates less than 75 ppm

B. The agricultural soil shall comply with the following grading criteria:

Sieve Size (mm) % by mass passing
5.000
2.380
1.180
0.600
100
65 to 100
45 to 100
35 to 80

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0.300
0.150
0.075
5 to 48
0 to 15
0 to 3

2.2 Compost & Organic Manure
A. Compost and manure of cattle, sheep, chicken etc. shall be from an approved source. It shall be
pasteurized and free from weed and disease. It shall be composted fully so that it may be used in
direct contact with plant roots, at the quantities specified, without harmful effects to the root system
or the plants overall health and appearance. It shall be free from any viable seed that may
germinate at a later stage. The particle size and moisture content of compost shall be ideal for
easy mixing with soil.
B. Organic manure in the form of fishmeal that is premixed with suitable Nitrogen fixing and
phosphate dissolving micro organism based product shall be from approved source. The micro-
organism-based product shall be mixed well with fishmeal at the rate of one liter per 50 kg
fishmeal. This mixture has to be thoroughly incorporated to soil or planting medium.
C. Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost (TMECC, The US Composting
Council) shall be utilised for testing of compost and organic manure.
D. The Contractor shall compost according to plant or turf species to pH and soluble salt
requirements, and how they correspond to the compost in use. The composting procedures shall
be as approved by the Engineer; any adjustments shall be reported accordingly.
E. Compost quality shall not be based upon the result of a single stability/maturity test. The Engineer
reserves the right to modify the allowable compost specification ranges based on specific field
conditions and plant requirements.
2.3 Fertilizers and Soil Conditioners
2.3.1 Composition
A. Unless otherwise specified, fertilizer shall be organic, slow release compound fertilizer equivalent
to NPK 18-9-9 for palms or 18-9-9 for other plants. In addition to NPK elements, it shall also
contain minimum 25% sulphur, 2% MgO and 1.5% trace elements.
B. Fertilizer shall be stored in standard containers with the name, weight and guaranteed analysis of
the contents clearly marked. Production and expiry dates shall be clearly printed on the fertilizer
bags.
C. When a mixed fertilizer is specified, the first number shall represent the minimum percentage of
soluble nitrogen, the second number shall represent the minimum percentage of available
phosphoric acid and the third number shall represent the minimum percentage of water soluble
potash.
2.3.2 Properties
A. Fertilizers of various categories including slow release organic fertilizers shall conform to the
following criteria:
a. The fertiliser shall be heat treated and fermented.
b. Fertilizer shall contain 100% decomposed or partially decomposed organic material from
agricultural waste, for example grape pomace and be free of plant diseases toxic chemicals
and plant pests.
c. The product shall not have unacceptable odours.
d. The organic matter content shall not be less than 80%.
e. Moisture content shall not exceed 20%.
f. EC shall not exceed 10 millimhos / Cm in an extract from 1:5.
g. The pH values shall be between 6.0 and 7.5 in an extract of 1:5.
h. The C/N ratio shall not exceed 20:1.
i. The Sodium chloride (NaCl) percentage shall not exceed 2% and soluble sodium shall not be
more than 0.8%.
j. It shall be free of soil, sand and other impurities.

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k. It shall be free from harmful weed seeds, disease causing pathogens, nematodes, insect
pests etc.
l. Fertilizers containing humic acid and approved NPK values shall have a minimum content of
25% with an additional organic matter content of min. 20%.
B. All application rates shall conform with the manufacturers recommendations for plant type.
C. In addition to above other soil additives might to be used, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
D. The application rates shall be as follows specified unless otherwise specified or instructued:
a. Grass and Groundcovers 3kg/m2
b. Palms / Trees 3kg/No
E. Slow release organic fertilizers shall conform to the following criteria:

a. MACRO ELEMENTS
MgO S (K2O) (P2O5) (N) (NPK)
2 25 09 09 18 18-9-9

b. TRACE ELEMENTS
(PPM) % (Element)
2000 0.20 Fe
1000 0.10 Cu
1000 0.10 Mn
1000 0.10 Zn

c. ADDITIVES
Humic Acid
25%
Organic Matter
20%

d. OTHERS
% (Property)
<1 CL
<1 Na
<3 Moisture/Humidity
>90 2-4mm particle size uniformity
2.4 Biologic organic fertilizers
A. The specification for biologic organic fertilizers with beneficial micro-organisms shall comply to
those of non-biological organic fertilizers mentioned above with an exception /addition of the
following.
a. The moisture content shall not exceed 30%
b. Names of biological microbes added in the fertiliser shall be indicated in the technical product
specifications and analysis.
2.4.1 Sea Weed / Fish / Bone/ Blood Based Fertilizers
A. The content of organic matter and plant nutrient elements shall not be less than 25% (from fresh
weigh or total volume- W/W or W/V).
B. For fertilizers, which main contents are humic or fulvic acid, the percentage of both humic and
fulvic acid shall not be less than 12%.
C. For fertilizers, which contain organic matter and humic or fulvic acid and NPK, the percentage of all
these contents together shall not be less than 50% (from fresh weigh or total volume- W/W or
W/V).
D. Organic Conditioners: Organic conditioners like Coco Peat shall conform to the following
standards:

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It shall be free from natural soils, sands and other plant parts
The percentage of Organic matter shall not be less than 85%
Shall be free of diseases, animal or plant pests especially nematodes
The EC shall not exceed 3 mille mohs/Cm in an extract of 1:5
The pH shall be between 5 and 7.5 in an extract of 1:5
Sodium chloride shall not exceed 0.2%
The moisture content shall not exceed 60 %
E. Non Organic Conditioners shall be supplied in tightly packed bags or containers with appropriate
labelling. The technical leaflet of product shall contain:
Chemical name
Effective material and proportion
Application methods for achieving best result as well as its impact on
soil and the type of soil it suits.
F. Non Organic Conditioners shall be with following specifications:
a. Agricultural Gypsum:
The Calcium Sulphate shall not be less than 80%
Sodium Chloride shall not exceed 3%
b. Agricultural Sulphur: The percentage of Sulphur element shall not be less than 8.5%
c. Polymers: The water holding capacity shall be clearly indicated
d. Bentonite: Sodium chloride shall not exceed 2%.
e. Perlite
Saturation Capacity shall not be less than 300%
PH shall not exceed 7.5
It shall be odorless, free of any disease or pest organism.
2.4.2 Composted Sewage Sludge
A. Wet sludge shall have been allowed to dry in lagoons or drying beds exposed to air, to produce a
raw sludge with a moisture content of 30-50 per cent. Digested sludge shall be produced from raw
sludge by a process which reduces its bulk. Digested sludge shall have the following minimum
content. 52% dry matter, 23% organic matter, 1.4% total N, 1.1% P2O5, 0.2% K2O. Samples
shall be provided.
B. The digested sludge shall be composted with chips, other hygienically accepted bulking materials
or a combination thereof.
C. The compost shall be produced by an aerated pile method or equal which produces internal
temperatures exceeding 60oC and destroys most pathogens. The finished compost is to be
hygienic and free of odours. The composted sludge shall be analysed for viruses, content of
heavy metals such as chromium, nickel, zinc and copper.
D. Analysis shall be carried out to ensure that there are no heavy metals, PCB, hydrocarbons or
other toxins.
2.4.3 Coconut Fiber
A. Coconut fibre used for soil amelioration shall be shredded coconut husks obtained form an
approved, sustainable source, free of impurities, disease, and organisms. The material shall be
bio-degradable with reduced electro-conductivity and a pH between 6 and 7.
2.4.4 Non - Organic Fertilizers
A. Fertilizers of pure chemical nature shall conform to the product specifications and label details.
Packing shall clearly mention the brand name, nutrient content in percentages and any other
additives present. Products shall be packed in such a way that it doesnt contaminate environment
and shall avoid any spillage. For granular fertilizers it shall be of uniform granular size for easy
spreading. It shall be without any moisture contamination and free of caking and impurities. Liquid
chemical fertilizer shall be clear liquids without crystallization and settlements. For suspension
fertilizer, particles shall easily dissolve when diluted. An ISO certified companys product shall be
used in all projects. Those chemical fertilizers shall be approved by the Engineer only shall be used
according to project needs.

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2.5 Irrigation Water
A. Irrigation water shall be from a known source and it shall conform to the following standards and
shall be within the below mentioned levels.

An ions:
a. Chlorides (Cl) - 200 ppm
b. Bicarbonate (HCO3) - 115 ppm
c. Sulphates (SO4) - 390 ppm
d. Nitrate (NO3) - 10 ppm

Cat ions:
a. Calcium (Ca) - 120 ppm
b. Sodium (Na) - 130 ppm
c. Magnesium (Mg) - 45 ppm
d. Potassium (K) - 18 ppm
e. Boron (B) - 2 ppm

B. If any leaching of salts is required, water used shall be less than 1 millimhos / Cm at 250C.
2.6 Planting Medium
A. An ideal planting medium shall provide a condition in which the root system of the new plant can
resume easy growth and develop new root hairs to absorb water and nutrients. It shall have the
following qualities:
a. Loamy texture
b. Good drainage
c. Suitable pH
d. Balanced nutrients
e. Low salinity level.
B. These conditions shall be attained by carefully blending ingredients such as agricultural soil,
organic manure, compost and fertilizers. The pH of the amended planting medium shall be within
the range of a pH value 6.5 to 7.5 and the Contractor has to do necessary treatments and
amendments to bring the pH to required level in case it differs. Wherever there is a need to retain
excessive moisture under very dry conditions peat moss or other soil conditioners shall be added
as approved by the Engineer.
C. Planting medium shall consist of a homogeneous mixture of soil, compost and fertilizers as
specified, and in the following proportions:
a. 40% local sweet sand
b. 40% Agricultural / Wadi sweet soil (dry only)
c. 10% Organic conditioner, e.g. coconut fibre
d. 10% Organic matter e.g. compost
D. Application rates and kind of fertilizers mentioned above shall be for planting medium preparations
and first application only. Application rates and methods for maintenance shall be followed as
specified herein.
E. Maintenance and further application shall be scheduled as approved by the Engineer, depending
upon the season, type of plant, health conditions.
F. For palms, manure and fertilizer inputs can be added to palm pits after planting at a later stage as
approved by the Engineer .
G. The planting medium for lawn areas shall be prepared one week before sowing seeds or the grass
stolons are planted.
H. In the following, mixing ratios of planting medium and their mixing methods are detailed in tables.
The Contractor has to ensure that these methods are strictly followed when planting medium mixes
are prepared unless otherwise instructed or approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall add
any additional amendments to planting medium in case the pH of the made up medium does not
comply with the Specifications.

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I. These tables are for initial application of mixtures to planting medium or first application (in case of
palms). For maintenance program fertilizing refer to the applicable section of this Specifications.
The method and time of application shall be maintained for each type of plants as given below.
J. Rates of application of fertilizers shall vary with palm variety, size and age and necessary changes
in the kind of fertilizers and rate of application shall be carried out as approved by the Engineer.
K. Fertilizer program given below is subject to modifications depending on the project needs, soil test
reports, planting types, seasons etc. and the Contractor shall follow the Engineer approved
program for each project.
L. Date Palm - Phoenix Dactylifera
No Kind of Fertilizer Per
Palm
After planting or
establishment
Remarks
3-4
months
6-7
months
1 Organic matter
based
25 Kg 25 Kg nil Apply uniformly in trenches made of 200
mm. width and 150 mm. depth 0.75 to 1
metre away from trunk within the
individual palm basins;
Mix well with soil in trench working with
hand shovel (spade), backfill scooped out
soil above trench to level, irrigation to
follow immediately.
2 Slow release
Organo-chemical
fertiliser
(NPK 8.8.16)
400
Grams
200
Grams
200
Grams
As above
3 Fishmeal pellets or
granules @ 20 Gr./
Kg. of Organic
manure
500
Grams
500
Grams
nil As above
4 Micro organism
based (as
Microfert) @ 1 litre
per 50 Kg. of Fish
meal
1 liter per
100
palms
1 liter per
100
palms
nil Mix Fishmeal & Microfert thoroughly and
spread in trench of palm basin uniformly;
mix well with soil and other inputs.
Irrigate as explained above.

M. Trees
No Kind of Fertilizer Per Tree Remarks
1 Organic matter
based
20 Kg Spread fertilizer in basins of tree pits prior to planting. Soil to be
filled in such a manner to get a perfect final level considering
settling down of loose soil after irrigation and to accommodate
root ball area of plants after planting. Thoroughly mix the fertiliser
with soil and pre-irrigate well to moisten the entire medium
uniformly before planting to field capacity. Plant as per
specifications. Irrigate plant basins well after planting.
2 Slow release
Organo- chemical
fertiliser
(NPK 16.8.8)
300
Grams
As above
3 Fishmeal pellets or
granules @ 20 Gr./
Kg. of Organic
manure
400
Grams
As above
4 Micro organism 1 liter per Mix Fishmeal & Microfert thoroughly and spread in trench of

VOLUME 2
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based (as
Microfert) @ 1 litre
per 50 Kg. of Fish
meal
125 tree
pits
plant basin uniformly; mix well with soil and other inputs. Irrigate
as explained above.

N. Large Shrubs (including appropriate xeriscape species)
No Kind of
Fertilizer
Per Shrub Remarks
1 Organic matter
based
15 Kg Spread fertilizer in basins of shrub pits prior to planting. Soil to
be filled in such a manner to get a perfect final level considering
settling down of loose soil after irrigation and to accommodate
root ball area of plants after planting. Thoroughly mix the
fertilizer with soil and pre-irrigate well to moisten the entire
medium uniformly before planting to field capacity at planting.
Plant as per specifications. Irrigate plant basins well after
planting.
2 Slow release
Organo-
chemical
fertilizer
(NPK 16.8.8)
200
Grams
As above
3 Fishmeal
pellets or
granules @ 20
Gr./ Kg. of
Organic
manure
300
Grams
As above
4 Micro organism
based ( as
Microfert) @ 1
litre per 50 Kg.
of Fish meal
1 liter per
166
shrubs
Mix Fishmeal & Microfert thoroughly and spread in trench of
plant basin uniformly; mix well with soil and other inputs. Irrigate
as explained above.

O. Small Shrubs, Ground Cover Beds, Feature Plants and Lawn Areas (including appropriate
xeriscape species)
No Kind of
Fertilise
Per Sq.
Metre.
Remarks
1 Organic matter
based
10 Kgs Thoroughly mix the fertiliser with soil and pre-irrigate well to
moisten the entire medium uniformly before planting. Moisten
the entire medium to field capacity. Watch for any soil
settlement, and grade to finish level before planting. Plant as per
specifications. Irrigate well after planting.
2 Slow release
Organo-
chemical
fertiliser
(NPK 16.8.8)
200
Grams
As above
3 Fishmeal
pellets or
granules @ 20
Gr./ Kg. of
Organic
manure
300
Grams
As above

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4 Micro organism
based ( as
Microfert) @ 1
litre per 50 Kg.
of Fish meal
1 liter per
166 Sq. m.
Mix Fishmeal & Microfert thoroughly and spread uniformly on
soil / planting medium; mix well with soil and other inputs.
Irrigate as explained above.

2.7 Maintenance Fertilizer Application
A. General recommendations for maintenance fertilizer application required per annum are as follows.
Specific recommendations shall have to be followed depending up on the soil analysis for each
project or area. Time of application, rate per application and methods shall be as per the approved
application and method for each project or area.
B. Changes to below fertiliser kinds, quantity, time of application etc. shall be considered according to
soil analysis data, seasons, type of plants and project needs and shall be followed as per the
approved application and method.

Plant
Organic
Manure
Slow
Release
Organic
N.P.K +
T.E.

Nitrogeno
us (Urea /
Am.
Sulphate)
Chelated
Micro
Nutrient
Soil
Cond-
itioner

Timing

Once a
year

Once a
year

Twice a
year

As shown
per year

As shown per
year

Once
a year

Measurement

Kg

As
Shown

As
Shown

Grams

Grams

Kg

Palm
(per palm)

10

2.5 to 3
Kg.

1 to 2 Kg.

250-500
twice

100-200
twice

2

Trees
(per tree)

5

500
Grams

0.5-1 Kg.

100-250
once

100-200
once

1

Shrub
(per shrub)

2.5

200-250
Grams

200-250
Grams

100-150
twice

50-100
once

0.5

Ground cover
(per m2)

5

100-200
Grams

100-200
Grams

50 three
times

25-50
twice

0.25

Lawn areas
(per m2)

5

100-200
Grams

100-200
Grams

25-50 six
times

25-50
twice

0.25

C. Seasonal Flowers (During Growing Period)

Sl

Kind of
Fertilisers

Per Sq.
Metre.

Frequency

Remarks


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1

Granular fertiliser
N.P.K 12-24-12 +
MgO

50 Grams

Monthly

Spread around plants in planting
beds, mix well with planting medium,
irrigate to field capacity immediately
after application.

2

Micronutrient
fertiliser

0.3 Grams

Fortnightly
Soil application by fertigation or by
foliar spray (0.3 grams per litre of
water). Conduct foliar test spray in
small area to establish safety for
concentration before spraying large
areas.

2.8 Plant Protection Chemicals
A. Plant protection chemicals are all pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, nematicides, miticides, tree
sealants etc. and shall only be applied as per Engineers approval.
B. These plant protection chemicals whether in the form of solutions, Granules, emulsifiable
Concentrates, Pellets or Fumigants shall conform to all legal safety standards.
C. The product shall be with a low mammalian toxicity and a high LD50 value and shall cause only a
minimal damage to the environment. The Contractor shall educate the persons involved in carrying
out plant protection measures about all safety precautions for storage and handling of the product.
It shall be useful and effective against the target pests.
D. Product label shall carry details of products ingredients, formulations, toxicity, and rates of
application, pests controlled and appropriate means of safe handling. The Contractor shall be able
to provide the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) of product as approved by the Engineer and
only approved products shall be used.
E. The Contractor shall use only products tested and recommended by the state authorities and
follow the manufacturers directions for rate and safety of application of the product.
F. The Contractor shall use the lowest recommended concentration whenever it is possible and apply
only on diseased plants.
G. The Contractor shall not apply on a windy or cloudy (sign of rain) day.
H. The Contractor shall not prepare excess amount of chemical and dispose balance quantity
elsewhere and shall not spray near pet cages, beehives, water pools etc.
I. The Contractor shall spray chemicals during early morning or late evening especially during
summer to avoid plant injury.
2.9 Permeable Filter Membrane (Soil Separator)
A. The filter membrane shall be non-woven 70% polypropylene, weight 70 gms/m2, thickness 0.3mm
with permeability to water of 80 L/m2 at 100mm water head.
B. The membrane shall be resistant to tearing and stress (tensile strength under uniform applied
stress 5000 N/m), all naturally occurring soil acidities and shall remain unaffected by all direct
sunlight for a period of up to 1 month.
C. The membrane shall be in a quality to prevent the capillary action of salt.
2.10 Planting Material (Plants)
A. All planting material shall be of the size specified and obtained from an approved source. All plants
shall be supplied as specified and the Contractor is expected to obtain stock from outside the UAE
if it is not available locally.
B. Plants to be obtained outside the UAE shall be identified at the time of bidding and accompanied
by a draft program for importat of such plants, indicating supplier or source and delivery times
required.
C. Plants shall be true to type and supplied under botanical names. Synonyms shall be checked with
the Engineer for approval.
D. Imported plants shall be acclimatized for a period of six (6) weeks minimum prior to planting.

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E. All planting stock shall be well-balanced and well formed, sound, vigorous, healthy and free from
disease, sun-scald, abrasion, harmful insects or insect eggs and with a healthy, unbroken root
system filling their containers but not root-bound. Unless otherwise specified, only nursery grown
plants will be used. All plants shall be container grown (balled plants) except as otherwise
specifically stated in the Contact Documents.
F. Plants will only be given final approval based on their condition at site at the end of the
maintenance period.
G. The Bid shall be based upon plants that are available. If plants are unobtainable, alternatives may
be submitted with the bid, stating how they differ from the Specification. Such substitutions may not
be acceptable and submission of further alternatives may be required. Approval shall be obtained
from the Engineer prior to any substitution.
H. After the Bid period, no substitutions will be considered and specified plants will have to be
procured by whatever means are necessary in order to meet the completion date set.
I. The nomenclature of plants shall conform to the scientific names given in L.H. Bailey Hortorium,
Cornell University. 1976. Hortus Third, A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United
States and Canada. Macmillan, NY. Alternative names (synonyms) shall be checked in this book.
All plants shall agree with the botanical description in this reference.
2.11 Trees
A. All trees supplied for new works shall meet the following criteria:
a. They shall have a clear straight stem, healthy look and good shape
b. They shall have a well balanced crown with the terminal leader intact
c. They shall possess at least four main branches
d. All saw cuts are to be clean and free from any ripping or splitting and shall be trimmed smooth
after cutting
e. All trees and palms are to be purchased and stored in suitable nursery conditions within 6
weeks of the start of the Contract
f. All dimensions shown with tolerances (i.e. 120-150mm) refer to maximum and minimum
dimensions that will be accepted. Measurement of all plants of one species shall, as a
minimum, average between the upper and lower figures (i.e. in the above case 135mm)
g. Trees are to be sprayed with an approved anti-desiccant 48 hours prior to transport
B. Avenue and feature trees are nursery-grown standard form trees with clear, substantially straight
stems. The head shall be developed for its type and evenly balanced, with no main branches
crossing the crown. The tree shall have a central leader or a branch head according to the species
or cultivar. Unless otherwise specified in the Bill of Quantities, standard form trees shall be 10-
15mm calliper when measured 200mm from ground level a minimum overall height of 1.5m at time
of planting.
C. Boundary trees shall be feathered form with a defined, upright central leader and stem furnished
with evenly spread and balance lateral shoots down to near ground level, according to its species.
They shall have a minimum overall height of 1.5m at time of planting.
2.12 Palms
A. All palms supplied for new works shall be balled and bur lapped unless container grown specimens
are available. Offshoots will not be acceptable. When palms grown in sandy soil are removed for
planting, where retention of ball of earth or bur lapping around root ball is not possible due to its
soil texture, extreme care shall be taken to minimize the root damage.
B. Excavation has to be made at sufficient distance away from trunk so that feeder roots are not cut or
bruised. Care shall be taken to avoid any kind of root damage while transporting or off loading.
C. Palm leaves or fronds are to be Hessian wrapped from below the lower most frond base to
upwards in such a manner that the growing point is securely protected. This has to be done before
the palm is removed from its original growing place and shall be retained during transport and
subsequent planting. Hessian wraps shall be removed only after ensuring the emergence of new
leaves.
D. All palms shall have a vigorous root system, crown of new leaves, appropriate colour of leaves of
an adult palm and sufficient hardiness.

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2.13 Shrubs and Ground Cover
A. All shrubs supplied for new works are woody perennials of generally multi-stemmed and bushy
habit ranging from 3 to 4.5m in height down to 500mm height when mature. Shrubs shall meet the
requirements for spread and height indicated in the drawing and/or specified in this Contract.
Measurement of height for shrubs shall be taken from the ground level to the average height of the
shrubs and not the longest branch or stem. Shrubs shall have at least three main stems, and shall
be well balanced and bushy with strongly developed root system, free from pest and disease.
B. All herbaceous plants supplied for new works are non-woody perennials of clump forming habit.
Such plants shall have well developed stems and a healthy root system, free from pest and
disease. Clumps of herbaceous plants shall include rhizomes, corms, tubers or roots and soil
undisturbed by lifting, with evidence of growing shoots emerging above soil level. All shrubs and
herbaceous plants shall be cultivated in containers of appropriate dimensions corresponding to the
size of the plants and the requirements of the species.
C. All Ground cover plants supplied for new works are low growing, 500mm or less, or prostrate
shrubs or herbaceous plants whose habit is to totally cover the soil. All ground cover species shall
be evenly balanced to allow equal growth in all directions. Plants shall have fully developed root
system and leaves. Unless otherwise specified, rooted cuttings will not be accepted. All plants shall
be container grown.
2.14 Lawn
A. Sods shall be from inspected stock, certified free of weed, diseases, insects, in healthy condition
kept moist frequently, with a full cover over the whole sod of one grass species. The sods shall be
procured from a qualified supplier and laid within 24 hours after removal from growing area and
delivery to site.
B. Sods shall have been under similar climatic conditions to those in the locality of the project.
C. Stolons shall be healthy living stems with attached roots of locally adapted grass without adhering
soil, including two to three nodes and from 100 to 150 mm long, obtained from heavy and dense
sod. Provide sprigs that have been grown under climatic conditions similar to those in the locality of
the project. Coordinate harvesting and planting operations to prevent exposure of sprigs to the sun
for more than 30 minutes before covering. Sprigs containing weeds or other detrimental material or
that are heat damaged will be rejected.
2.15 Related Items
2.15.1 Tree Stakes, ties and anchoring
A. All trees shall be double staked. Stakes shall be of timber, straight, free of projections and pointed
at one end. The stakes shall be pressure impregnated with non-injurious approved wood
preservative to be applied at least two weeks before use:
a. Tree Stakes: 2400 x 50 x 50mm
b. Large Shrubs Stakes: 1800 x 50 x 50mm
B. When installed, the length of the stake shall be minimum one third below ground level unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer.
C. The Contractor shall erect the stakes in a straight manner not leaning toward or away in any
direction from the plants main stem.
D. Tree ties shall be high-density polyethylene (HDPE) chain-lock type.
E. Ties fabricated from string, packing materials, fabric webbing or galvanised wire and guard hose
will not be accepted. The Contractor shall provide an on site sample erection of a tree stake and tie
prior to approval.
F. Where guying and anchoring of large plant material is required, the Contractor shall submit a
method statement for the Engineer s approval. Durable high strength rubber strapping is
preferred over steel cable and turnbuckle arrangements.
G. Hessian bands shall be 750mm wide to lengths necessary for wrapping tree trunks and main
branches.

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2.15.2 Temporary Planting Screens and Shades
A. Whenever planting is in an exposed position, liable to strong or excessively hot wind conditions,
windbreaks shall be provided until such time as the planting is firmly established.
B. Screens shall be typically 1750mm tall using high density polyethylene monofilament shade net of
approx. 75% density supported by tree stakes as described above.
C. The shade net configuration can be altered to suit the size of the planted specimen. Variations from
the above typical sizing shall be approved by the Engineer.
D. For plant species requiring shade during establishment on site, temporary shade structures shall
be erected and maintained by the Contractor to the Engineers satisfaction.
2.15.3 Anti-Desiccant
A. Anti-desiccant shall be an emulsion type, film-forming agent designed to permit transpiration but
retard excessive loss of water form plants. Trees or shrubs shall be sprayed 48 hours prior to
moving.
2.15.4 Drainage Gravel
A. Gravel for the drainage layer shall be imported fill, free of organic matter and as specified below:
Gradation requirements:

Sieve Size % Passing by Weight

26.5 mm 100

19.0 mm 85-100

13.2 mm 65-90

9.5 mm 50-73

4.75 mm 35-55

1.18 mm 15-40

0.300 mm 5-22

0.075 mm 2-8

2.15.5 Gravel Mulch & Natural Stone
A. Gravel shall be free from additional organic and waste material, of a consistent beige color unless
otherwise specified.
B. Gravel shall be spread evenly over areas as indicated with final spreading finished with a rake. In
areas of abutment with other landscape materials (e.g. lawn, planting,) the finish line of the gravel
shall be a clean sharp edge or held with proprietary edging as indicated in the drawings and the
BOQ.
2.15.6 Root Control Barrier
A. Root Control Barriers shall be used to protect adjacent structures from damage as shown on the
drawings and as approved by the Engineer. The barrier shall be HDPE, minimum 600mm wide in
continuous rolls and manufactured for purpose.
B. The Contractor shall not fully enclose or encircle the plants roots system but shall locate the barrier
at the interface between the plant and the objects being protected.

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3 Execution
3.1 General
A. Prior to any operations the Contractor shall undertake site investigations to ensure full awareness
of all the site conditions. The site conditions investigation shall include but not be limited to:
The site boundary and/or extent of works
Location of all planned and existing services on the site
The existing drainage conditions and infrastructure
Existing vegetation including that to be retained
Ground conditions such as existing subsurface rock, ground water level etc.
B. The Contractor shall coordinate tree pit excavation with hardscape and other installations and
shall ensure that tree pits are not over-excavated before paving commences to avoid necessity of
providing additional fill for paving base.
C. Measures required to stabilise paving around tree pits due to over-excavation shall be corrected at
the expense of the Contractor.
D. All tree pits and excavation thereof needs to be submitted for approval. The Contractor shall
ensure that trees are properly aligned and in straight rows where required, e.g. in roads. Such
trees shall be matched specimens, having similar height and appearance The Contractor shall
plant trees appropriately in centre of planting pits.
E. The Contractor shall erect temporary fencing to the boundaries of the site as required for the
protection of the public and/or to the Contractors site infrastructure and storage areas or areas
around existing plants to be retained.
F. Protect all existing vegetation to be retained with maximum care at all times during construction
and possession of the site. The Contractor will be required to replace any damaged or destroyed
vegetation to the full value of the said vegetation and at the discretion of the Engineer.
G. Where the drawings indicate storage or reuse of existing topsoil, carefully strip and stockpile to
avoid unnecessary compaction, contamination or any damage to the topsoil. The Contractor shall
not pile higher than 3m and cover in windblown areas to protect from drying out. Do not store
longer than 12-months unless otherwise approved.
H. As per the demolition plans or as noted on the drawings, clear and remove from site all items not
required to be retained, protected or preserved. Refer to the General Specification for Civil
Works, Section 02100, Demolition and Site Clearing for further guidelines.
I. The Contractor shall protect benchmarks, survey stakes and other survey reference points, to be
re=established at his own cost in case of accidentally displaced.
J. The Contractor shall coordinate with the Engineer to establish grades and levels and to check and
confirm locations and levels of installations to be coordinated with this Work.
K. The Contractor shall survey, stake and accurately mark areas to receive subsoil fill, topsoil, topsoil
mixtures and plants to conform to lines and levels indicated on drawings.
L. The Contractor shall remove swampy or soft areas down to subsoil or rock base suitable to
receive and retain compacted subsoil.
M. The Contractor shall excavate and grade to depths where required to receive specified depths of
topsoil and of topsoil mixture in planting beds.
N. The Contractor shall excavate as required to accommodate plant balls and topsoil mixture around
ball for trees.
O. The Contractor shall allow for settlement of soils, subsurface conditions and uniform slopes for
drainage.
P. Prior to placing gravel drainage layer the Contractor shall scarify subsoil where indicated, to a
depth of 150mm.
Q. The Contractor shall provide 200 mm depth of crushed gravel and permeable filter membrane
fabric in tree pits, and under lawn areas
R. The Contractor shall mix topsoil mixtures at the place of the work only, using specified materials.
Do not mix topsoil mixtures during unsuitable weather. Premixed off-site topsoil will not be
accepted

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S. No planting shall be carried out during periods of heavy rain, sandstorms, heavy winds, or during
intense daytime heat. Plants and trees shall only be moved or planted in the cooler winter months
between mid September and mid May. Palms and lawns can be installed in the more humid
months late May to early September. When special conditions warrant a variance to the planting
times above, a proposed planting schedule shall be submitted to the Engineer for review and
approval. In such cases, the planting will be installed at no additional cost and all conditions and
obligations such as maintenance and warranty remain the responsibility of the Contractor.
T. Planting of trees and shrubs shall be carried out prior to lawn planting.
U. All planting shall be carried out only after the irrigation system is fully operational.
V. Where possible, prior to planting, all plant materials shall be acclimatised on site for a minimum of
one week and protected against drying at all times. This is only possible if facilities are available
on site to do so. Otherwise immediate planting is recommended. In such cases required
acclimatisation shall have been fulfilled in the nursery to overcome any transplanting shock later.
Under any circumstances, the Contractor shall provide facilities for on-site acclimatisation of all
plants.
W. Palm trees shall be planted immediately upon arrival on site. If palms have to be held for longer
than twelve hours before planting they shall be heeled-in in trenches which are kept moist at all
times.
X. Plant material shall be lifted or moved in such a manner that the roots are not disturbed. Plant
materials shall be lifted by handling the container and not the above ground portion of the plant.
Root systems of all plants shall not be allowed to dry out at any time and shall not be exposed to
excessive or artificial heat or to freezing temperatures. During transportation all plants shall be
packed adequately to ensure protection for climatic or physical injuries. Tarpaulins or other covers
shall be placed over plants when they are transported by open trucks or freight cars. Plants are
not to be piled on top of one another. All plants shall be treated with anti-desiccant prior to
transportation.
3.2 Palms
A. Prior to transporting to site, and immediately upon lifting all suckers, flowering and fruiting parts
and approximately thirty percent of fronds shall be removed. The remaining fronds shall:
a. Be sprayed with approved anti-desiccant 48 hours prior to transplanting
b. Lifted to enclose and protect the growing tip
c. Wrapped in hessian and securely tied in position
B. The roots of non- container grown palms shall be pruned and the root ball shall be protected with
tied hessian bands. Hessian bands shall be 750mm wide and to lengths necessary for the
additional wrapping tree trunks and main fronds.
C. When planted in their final location, palms shall be set and maintained plumb to Engineers
approval.
D. Imported palms shall have been acclimatized for at least six months before removal from the
nursery and incorporation in the Works.
3.3 Planting Medium
A. The Contractor shall mix the soil additives with agricultural soil at the rates and composition
specified. The planting medium shall be mixed mechanically by an approved method to create a
homogeneous mixture. For individual pits of tree and shrub planting, planting medium shall be
prepared in situ by mixing the specified quantity of each ingredient for each pit. A 1 kilogram
sample of each batch shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to spreading.
3.4 Planting Depths & Pits
A. Unless otherwise specified, planting beds and pits are to be the following minimum dimensions:

Location
Size / depth
Palm / Tree pits 2000 x 2000 x 2000 mm
Small Tree pits 1500 x 1500 x 1500 mm

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Large Shrub pits 1000 x 1000 x 1000 mm
Small Shrub pits 750 x 750 x 750 mm
Shrub beds 600 mm depth
Ground cover beds 300 mm depth
Lawn areas 300 mm depth
B. Paving may cover a small percentage of the planting pits area. The planting pit however is to be
maintained at the minimum dimensions shown above.
C. The planting medium depth from top level of pit shall be 1.5 times or more than the total root ball
depth and in no cases shall it be less than 1/3rd of the pit depth.
3.5 Percolation Tests
A. Percolation tests shall be carried out at a minimum rate of 1 test per 50 plants with respect to
individual species or as directed by the Engineer at a higher frequency. The test shall be carried
out using the following procedure:
a. Fill the plant pit with irrigation water and mark the level reached.
b. Monitor the rate of percolation over a period of one hour. If the water level drops by more than
20mm then the pit has passed the test.
c. If the plant pit fails the test, bore holes shall be augured at the bottom of the pit to achieve
appropriate percolation to the approval of the Engineer.
3.6 Planting Sequence
A. Planting shall be carried out only once the installation of irrigation system has been completed in all
respects, planting area have been prepared properly and the work has been approved by the
Engineer. The Contractor shall proceed with complete planting operations as per the approved
planting program and methods and as portions of the site become available, working within
seasonal limitations for each type of landscape work required.
B. Prior to spreading of any planting medium, the sub-grade shall be filled or excavated to the
appropriate levels. The sub-grade shall then be raked level and cleared of all debris and rock to
reveal a smooth clean sub-base at levels required to accommodate the specified depths of planting
medium and mulch.
C. Agricultural soil shall be installed to achieve tolerances specified for finished level of planting
medium, and when reasonably dry and workable, graded to smooth, flowing contours with all minor
hollows and ridges removed.
D. Planting medium shall be spread at levels to accommodate mulch where specified. Final grades
shall not deviate more than +/- 25mm from the finish grade specified.
E. Finished ground level adjoining building shall be kept 150mm below the level of the damp-proof
course.
F. The Contractor shall stake out the outline of planting areas, ground cover beds and individual tree
and shrub locations and for approval by the Engineer prior to plants being installed.
G. At the time of planting, a hole shall be made into the pit/bed large enough to take the plants root
ball. Refer to the previous section on standard planting depths and pits. The planting hole shall be
thoroughly moistened prior to planting.
H. After passing the percolation tests, backfill with approved planting medium in layers not exceeding
300 mm. Each layer shall be separately firmed and watered in to eliminate all air pockets until final
soil level is reached. Allow for compaction/subsidence by overfilling by 100 mm. Once placed the
growing medium shall be covered with plastic sheeting or fenced and clearly marked to prevent
disturbance until planting commences.
I. Stakes shall be driven into the tree pits at least one third of their specified length. Stakes are
required for any new plantings with respect to the size and individual plant condition and location
as approved by the Engineer. If stakes are required for improvement of the growing conditions of
the plant temporarily, the Contractor shall stakes subject to the approval of the Engineer.
J. Plants shall be carefully removed from containers. The plants shall be removed with all the potting
soil moistened and intact around the roots. Care shall be taken not to damage the roots of the
plants. The plant shall be placed upright in the centre of the hole.

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K. Care shall be taken to set the plant in such a way to ensure that the collar line (line of contact
between soil and stem) is at the same level as the surrounding ground. Fill around the plant root
ball with planting medium in layers of 150-300 mm.
L. The Engineer shall finally decide the relative positioning of all plants, and any relocation if needed
shall be carried out by the Contractor as part of the Contract.
M. Watering shall be carried out through the approved irrigation system only. Under emergency
situations when watering could not be carried out through irrigation system, plants shall be irrigated
with water tanker using hosepipe fitted with fine spray heads and under controlled pressure.
Watering shall not adversely affect the plant or ground conditions, i.e. if pressure is too high or
shower nozzles absent or water temperature is too high.
N. For palms, trees and shrubs a circular watering basin slightly larger than the planting hole shall be
formed. Immediately after planting, all plants shall be thoroughly watered in. Ensure that soil from
the watering basin does not migrate so as to cover the root ball top or around the collar of the plant
as this can cause damage or death of the plant.
O. After planting, the area surrounding the plant shall be restored to 25mm below finish. Excess soils
and rubbish shall be disposed of properly and final layer of mulch shall be applied.
P. Immediately after planting, all plants are to be pruned in accordance with accepted horticultural
practices and as approved by the Engineer. Pruning shall consist of carefully cutting back any
damaged, dead or diseased branches and the removal of any weak or malformed growth, with the
aim of forming each type of stock to the standard shape for its species.
Q. The above horticultural care and arboriculture practices shall be applied to existing trees retained
within the project area. If requested, a method statement of proposed arboricultural works to
existing trees shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
R. Plant bed edging should be a durable material such as heel kerb or soldier course of pavers,
plastic edging shall not be permitted.
3.7 Identification
A. A plastic label clearly engraved with the species and variety shall be attached to each plant or to
each group of plants (1 tag/10 plants minimum). Approval from the Engineer shall be obtained not
to label particular plants.
B. The Contractor shall monitor and check all plants one week after planting for signs of wind shake
and loosening due to soil subsidence and shall correct as needed.
3.8 Lawn Areas
A. Lawn grass areas shall be installed using either:
a. Sprigging (stolons)
b. Sodding (Laying rolled or rectangular turf)
c. Seeding.
B. Method of installation shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.
C. Before planting lawn areas, the ground shall be prepared appropriately. Soil shall be mixed with
organic manure and fertilizers to enrich the planting medium as approved. To retain soil moisture
or to adjust soil pH, peat moss may be required subject to the approval; of the Engineer. Planting
medium after amendments shall be within a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5.
D. The ground level shall also be prepared in such a way to avoid any water logging, surface run-off
or soil erosion. Levels shall be graded toward drainage inlets or subsoil drainage lines if available.
Always form slopes away from buildings and structures.
E. Prior to beginning planting operations the irrigation system shall be completely operational
ensuring 100% coverage.
F. The Contractor shall bring the water content of the area to attain field capacity by allowing water to
percolate until standing water disappears.
G. The Contractor shall apply fertilizer in quantities and kinds as approved by the Engineer.
H. The Contractor shall cultivate to a depth of 300 mm.
I. The Contractor shall level the ground to finish levels with suitable garden tools and machinery. All
sticks, stones larger than 10 mm diameter, weeds, debris and other extraneous material shall be
removed. Area shall be rolled and raked to true lines free from unsightly variations, bumps, ridges
or depressions.

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J. Lawn edging should be a durable material such as heel kerb or soldier course of pavers,
plastic edging shall not be permitted.
3.8.1 Sprig Installation
A. For Sprigging (stolons) use Paspalum Vaginatum grass stolons unless otherwise approved by the
Engineer.
B. The Contractor shall keep dry dormant stolons refrigerated 0-3C, until the area to be planted is
prepared. Do not exceed two weeks of refrigeration. Soak stolons in water after removing from cold
storage and prior to planting.
C. The Contractor shall not exceed two days of storage on job site. Stolons are to be kept moist,
shaded and ventilated during such storage.
D. Sow at 6 bushels (One Bushel = 36.5 litres) per 100 square Metres.
E. Plant utilizing a disc to cut in stolons and followed by culti-packer roller or other technique
approved by the Engineer.
F. The Contractor shall water as necessary to keep the stolon bed moist until germination. Once
grass is up begin lengthening intervals between irrigation.
3.8.2 Sod Installation
A. Unless otherwise specified, the Contractor shall use Paspalum Vaginatum turf sods, rolled or
rectangular. While selecting sods, the following shall be observed:
a. Sods shall be healthy looking and not exhibiting any symptoms of prolonged storage, yellowing
or drying
b. Sods shall preferably be of equal size
c. Planting soil shall be well adhered to the root system (not less than 50mm thickness)
d. Sods shall be free of weeds, pests and diseases
e. Sod planting soil shall contain sufficient moisture at the time of delivery at site
B. Transporting of sods shall be in covered trucks on wooden pallets to avoid any damage while in
transit. Off loading from trucks at site shall be done using appropriate unloading machinery such as
forklifts or by means of slings and supports.
C. Sods shall be laid on cultivated soil within 24 hours of stripping. From the point of unloading, sods
shall be taken to the actual location of its lay by the use of flat-bedded wheelbarrows thus
minimizing potential damage what so ever. Careful handling is of prime importance during laying.
Under no circumstances sods shall be thrown on the ground. The sods shall be laid to form a solid
mass with tightly fitted joints. The ends of the sods shall be butted. Strips shall be staggered to
offset joints in adjacent courses.
D. The lawn shall be tamped or rolled to ensure contact with the planting medium. Planting medium
shall be worked into minor spaces between pieces of sods and excess planting medium be
removed.
E. The perimeter of the lawn area shall be flagged off to stop foot traffic until after the third mowing or
F. Immediately after laying, lawn shall be hand watered abundantly using water hose so that water
percolates down as quickly as possible to enable root mass to be in contact with the planting
medium. Watering shall be continued in this manner for about a week by which time rooting will
have started. Care shall be taken not to over water so as to cause water logging. Normal sprinkler
irrigation program shall be commenced once root establishment is ensured.
3.8.3 Seeding
A. Grass seed to be used shall be free from any kind of obnoxious weed seeds. It shall be true to its
type with a minimum purity of 95% and germination rate of 80%. Analysis certificate or test reports
by the producer mentioning the purity and germination percentage of grass seed, percentage of
other grass seeds and weed seeds with names and inert materials shall be submitted. Each bag or
packing shall bear these details besides the common and scientific name of the species and
approval of the Engineer shall be obtained before using.
B. Seeding shall be spread over a fine leveled, cultivated soil bed by hand or mechanical seeder.

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C. After final leveling, work a hand rake mildly on soil surface to make shallow groves for seeds to fall
in which shall be later covered by irrigation water so that seeds shall not be blown off by
subsequent wind.
D. Since grass seed is very tiny and free flowing, it may be mixed with coarse sand up to two times of
its quantity to get a uniform sowing coverage while hand spreading. Half of the specified rate shall
be applied twice in perpendicular directions so as to achieve an even seed distribution rate.
E. Following seeding, the bed shall be raked or harrowed or to cover the seed with soil to a maximum
depth of 25mm
F. Water shall be applied lightly and frequently until one week or 50% germination and then gradually
increase duration and period between watering until normal irrigation program is met.
3.8.4 Protection
A. The perimeter of seeded, sprigged or rolled turf areas shall be flagged off to restrain foot traffic until
after the second mowing (followed by complete grass coverage) or as approved by the Engineer .
B. Heavy machinery, which would excessively consolidate the subsoil, shall not be used during any
operations nor shall heavy machinery be taken over on areas prepared for planting or grassing.
3.9 Cultivation Operations
3.9.1 Maintenance of Planting
A. Irrigation: The Contractor shall avoid inadequate and excessive applications of irrigation water and
limit to quantities required for plant development. Leach as necessary at approved timing and rate
subject to site and species. Maintain irrigation equipment to required standard. Maintain irrigation
basins by removing all debris, weeds, and blown material.
B. Fertilizer Application: The Contractor shall apply fertilizer as necessary to particular site. Normally
give annual application of Phosphate fertilizer, iron chelate and if necessary combined slow
release fertilizer each at specified rate. Apply dry and water well. To be applied in February or
March each year.
C. Pruning: The Contractor shall take care in pruning woody perennial native plants. Most of the
plants developed their original structure to adapt itself to the surrounding hostile conditions. Cutting
back of certain types of trees may be permitted to encourage formation of crown. Limit amount of
pruning to minimum necessary to encourage appropriate growth, to remove dead or injured twigs
and branches, and to compensate for result of transplanting operations. Prune in such a manner
as not to change natural habit or shape of tree. Make cuts flush leaving no stubs.
D. Shrub and Ground cover Maintenance: Irrigation shall be similar to trees. Water budget shall be
combined for both. Fertilizer application shall be as necessary to poor sites and species.
E. Three weeks after planting the Contractor shall give all shrubs and small shrub beds a granular
slow release nitrogen fertilizer at rate specified in 2.03. Repeat every three months after planting.
F. The Contractor shall give annual application of approved phosphate fertilizer and if necessary,
combined fertilizer each at specified rate. Apply dry and water in well. To be applied in February or
March each year.
G. Weeding: All shrubs and ground cover shall be hand weeded.
H. Shall existing trees be preserved in proximity of the works, remove protection and debris. Re-work
existing soil around trees and add topsoil mixture if required. Remove dead tree branches and
prune as directed and approved by the Engineer.
3.9.2 Lawn Maintenance
A. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval a maintenance program incl. watering,
mowing, fertilizing including nutrient sources, dilutions, blend rates and schedule.
B. Maintenance shall begin immediately after seeding/sprigging stolons/placing of sods and shall
continue until end of maintenance period.
C. The Contractor shall provide all maintenance including mowing, removal of excess clippings,
eradicating weeds, watering, fertilizing, and insect and disease control, replacing of poorly grown
stolons or sods, and any other operations necessary to promote the vigorous growth of grass.

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D. The lawn shall be mowed to a height of 30 mm, whenever the average height of the grass
becomes 50 mm.
E. Re-fertilizing shall take place 4 weeks after sprigging or placing sods and shall be repeated every 8
weeks.
3.9.3 Use of Chemicals
A. The Contractor shall apply, take care, store and provide protection necessary and as
recommended by the manufacturer when using chemicals (insecticides, fungicides etc) and multi-
purpose chemicals for fungi and insect control so that harmful and destructive side effects resulting
from contact with humans, animals and plants will be avoided. The Contractor shall make good any
damage whatsoever resulting from the use of chemicals on his own expense.
B. The Contractor shall comply with all local pesticide control regulations.
C. The Contractor shall retreat affected areas as necessary until specified control is achieved.
3.9.4 General Clean-Up
A. Excess and waste materials shall be removed daily. When planting in an area has been
completed, the area shall be cleaned of all debris and containers. Where existing turf areas
have been damaged or scarred during planting operations, the Contractor shall restore
disturbed areas to their original conditions at his expense. At least one paved pedestrian
access route and one paved vehicular access route to the building shall be kept clean at all
times. Other paving shall be cleaned when work in adjacent areas is completed.

4 Ongoing Maintenance
4.1 General
A. The Contractor shall be responsible for carrying out all necessary measures to ensure that the
plant material thrives and in a healthy established status and that the landscape areas are kept
in a clean and tidy condition.
B. During the Contract period, the Contractor shall, where applicable, carry out maintenance of
the planting strictly in accordance with the Ongoing Maintenance Manual approved by the
Engineer,
C. The extent of the landscape to be maintained by the Contractor shall be deemed to cover and
include all soft landscape areas and irrigation systems within the overall project boundaries as
shown on the drawings.
D. The Contractor shall:
a. Provide sufficient personal and equipment to perform all work in a professional manner to the
satisfaction of the Engineer and in keeping with generally accepted horticultural practices and
techniques.
b. Check each area daily and take remedial measures as necessary. Any changes to the agreed
maintenance regime need specific approval by the Engineer in writing. The cost of which will
be calculated from the schedule of rates in the contract.
c. Take responsibility for the Landscape maintenance and works and areas of site implemented
and shall take all necessary steps to coordinate his works with those of other contractors.
d. If different contractors maintain soft landscape and irrigation systems, ensure that failure of the
work does not cause the failure of another Contractors works.
e. Monitor the automatic irrigation system assuring that all irrigation emitters/bubblers are not
clogged, broken or missing, and that all landscape planting areas are receiving ample
irrigation.
f. Verbally notify the Engineer in the event of irrigation malfunction and confirm in writing.
g. Monitor irrigation application by keeping soil moisture records on a daily basis for each planting
zone, as approved by the Engineer. A Tensiometer, with the probe placed adjacent to the root
zone in planted areas, shall be used to measure soil moisture. All tests are to be executed prior
to irrigation cycle starting. Testing requirements shall be based on the irrigation needs and as
determined by the Engineer.

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h. Notify the Engineer when additional water is required, setting out times and application rates,
to enable coordination of schedules.
i. Notify the Engineer in writing immediately if emergency hand irrigation is needed and, if
approved by the Engineer, shall water each plant by hand, either by using hose pipes
connected to the main irrigation / bore-hole system, if available, or by importing water. While
hand watering the contractor shall use hoses fitted with suitable hose end nozzle attachments
(eg: shower heads) to avoid damages to plants or soil surface. Ensure the pressure is
appropriate.
j. Notify the Engineer in writing immediately if any malicious damage to the works is cause by
others. i.e. vandalism or car accident damage. Where approved by the Engineer, the
Contractor shall submit a quotation to repair any damage and, if instructed, carry out the
repairs within 7 days of instruction where season allows. Planting seasons shall be adhered to
unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
k. Undertake all necessary maintenance operations necessary for healthy plant growth.

E. The Contractor shall ensure that a senior qualified supervisor is made available for organising
and running the maintenance program. The Contractor shall also have available an
experienced foreman who can supervise the workers on a day-to-day basis.
F. Qualification & Work Experience of Supervisor and Foreman shall conform with the following:
a. The Supervisor shall be a graduate in Horticulture or Agricultural Science with minimum 6-
years exposure to landscape projects in the Middle East.
b. The Foremen shall be a degree or diploma holder in Horticulture / Agriculture Science with not
less than 4 years of field experience in landscape projects
c. They shall be able to recognise field problems and to carry out remedial measures time to time.
d. They shall be able to organise the work force and manage works to keep the plants in premium
condition.
4.2 Maintenance Practices
A. The entire landscape area shall be kept weed and litter free. The disposal of unwanted objects
shall be made on a daily basis to keep the project area and surroundings clean and
presentable. The contractor has responsibility to maintain any fence or boundary in a sound
manner to protect the landscape area from stray animals and intrusions. Any rodent burrows,
rat holes, animal encroachments etc. shall be repaired as it appears
B. The Contractor shall follow the Method Statement approved by the Engineer for carrying out
any plant nutrition operations.
C. The Contractor shall monitor under-nourishment of plant materials at all times including
anything that could affect the general health of plants or invite invading pests and diseases.
Some common deficiency symptoms are listed below for general guidance.

Element Deficiency symptoms exhibited
Nitrogen Pale green older leaves, stunted plant growth
Phosphorous Poor root growth, Purplish discoloration of leaves
Potassium Brown leaf edges, curled leaves, poor flowering
Calcium Die-back of leaf tips, flower stalk dropping
Magnesium Marginal or inter-venal yellowing of older leaves
Sulphur Yellowing of younger leaves and stunted growth

D. If symptoms appear, soil or tissue analysis shall have to be carried out by the contractor before
treatments or remedial measures are carried out.
E. The most commonly used fertilizers are in granular, crystal or pelletized form. These are
applied to the soil and watered in or mixed into the soil surface. Fertilizers shall always be
applied evenly over at a distance away from the stem. Another method of applying the

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necessary plant nutrients is by the use of liquid feeds. These have the advantage of reducing
the risk of burning the plant when applied as per manufacturer's instructions and the nutrients
are immediately available, as the liquid is easily absorbed. Liquid fertilisers are to be repeated
every 10-14 days, due to their lower concentrations used and nutrients in solution leaching out
more rapidly.
F. Application of compost or organic manure shall be in moderate temperatures before the onset
of summer and shall consist of a layer of approved compost or organic manure, being worked
well into the top 50 -100mm of the soil surface, taking care not to damage the roots around the
base of the plant. This will help to improve the structure of the soil allowing easy passage of air
and water to the root zone.
G. Trace elements are only needed in small quantities, but are essential in UAE soils.
H. A maintenance-fertilizing schedule is illustrated below in tabulated form. These are general
recommendations required per annum. Specific recommendations shall have to be followed
depending on the soil analysis for each project or area. Time of application, rate per
application, quantity and methods shall be as per the approved Method Statement for each
project or as approved by the Engineer.

Plant
Organic
Manure/
Comp-
ost
Slow
Release
Organic
N.P.K +
T.E.
Nitrogeno
us (Urea /
Am.
Sulphate)
Chelated
Micro
Nutrient
Soil
Cond-
itioner

Timing

Once a
year

Once a
year

Twice a
year

As shown

As shown

Per year

Measurement

Kg

As
Shown

As
Shown

Grams

Grams

Kg

Palm
(per palm)

10

2.5-3 Kg.

1 to 2
Kg.

250-500
twice

100-200
twice

2

Trees
(per tree)

5

500 Gr.

0.5-1
Kg.

100-250
once

100-200
once

1

Shrub
(per shrub)

2.5

200-250
Gr

200-250
Gr.

100-150
twice

50-100
once

0.5

Ground cover
(per m2)

5

100-200
Gr

100-200
Gr

50 three
times

25-50
twice

0.25

Lawn areas
(per m2)

5

100-200
Gr

100-200
Gr

25-50 six
times

25-50
twice

0.25

I. Plant protection includes insect, disease and weed control measures to keep plants in a sound
condition. This protection is mainly carried out by chemical application measures. The
chemicals selected shall be effective against specific target pests. For concealed pests
systemic chemicals shall be used. If satisfactory biological control measures are available
against any targeted pest, this shall be preferred over a chemical control.
J. If herbicides are to be used, it shall be selective or non-selective, pre-emergent or post
emergent type depending upon the plants grown, weeds present, time of application, place of

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application etc. The contractor shall use only recommended application equipments & methods
so that the weeds are killed without harming other plants.
K. The Contractor shall follow the Method Statement approved by the Engineer for carrying out
any plant protection measures. Storage and handling safety shall be the sole responsibility of
the Contractor, and all necessary safety requirements shall be in accordance with the
Manufacturers recommendations.
L. During the maintenance period, the Contractor shall keep all plants in a clean and healthy
condition. He shall carry out the following:
Palm crown and fronds shall be kept clean and tidy
Pruning of plants according to plant types and season
Stakes and ties maintenance and adjustments
Disease and pest control measures
Weed control measures
Rodent, reptile control
Fertiliser applications as needed and approved
Irrigation schedules
Plant basin maintenance
Topiary works
Trimming and Edging
Lawn mowing at correct intervals
Lawn aeration, de-thatching etc.
Gap filling and weak plant replacements.
Removal of dead and diseased plants
Foliage washing
Mulch maintenance

M. The Contractor shall follow specific maintenance practices relevant to each project considering
the plant types, application time, and prevailing deficiency symptoms. Details of such works
shall be explained in the Weekly Schedule for the following weeks works.
N. The Contractor shall carry out the maintenance practices described below. It is the
responsibility of the Contractor to carry out all such works to maintain healthy presentable
plants to the satisfaction and approval of the Engineer.
O. When replanting any plant it is essential to ensure both the planting soil and root ball are moist
but not saturated. A hole shall be dug large enough as specified to easily accommodate the
root ball without crowding, and the depth shall be such to ensure that the plant is only settled
as deeply as it was in the container. Remove any roots, rocks or refuse from the hole.
P. The Contractor shall remove the plant from its container taking care not to disturb the root ball,
any roots which are too long or damaged shall be removed. Then position the plant in the hole
in such a way that it is placed to best advantage for the onlooker.
Q. If planting bare root plants, the stake shall be placed before backfilling, carefully threading it
through the root system to avoid any damage. If using container grown plants, the stake can
be inserted after backfilling. When backfilling is completed firm down soil and form a basin
around the trunk, once planting completed, fill the basin with water.
R. The Contractor shall be responsible for replacing any plants that fail to survive during
maintenance period, whether as a result of inadequate maintenance operations, poor
workmanship or poor quality of plant material.
S. If during the course of the maintenance period trees or shrubs or other plants die because of a
fault by the Contractor, the Contractor shall replace the plant at no cost to the Client. All
questions related to responsibility for the replacement planting will be subjected to site
inspection and agreement by the Engineer.
T. The Final Completion Certificate will not be issued until all plants scheduled on the Drawings
and Schedule of Work are successfully maintained in a healthy condition in the manner
specified and as approved by the Engineer.
U. The Contractor shall arrange analysis of soil samples from locations within the project at every
6 monthly intervals during maintenance period or as directed by the Engineer. The required

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number of samples shall be decided as instructed by the Engineer depending on the size of
the project and other planting features.
V. Test results shall comply with the specified standards of ph levels of planting medium and
adequate plant nutrients. The contractor shall take necessary corrective measures if it does not
comply.
W. The Contractor shall keep the landscape areas clean and tidy at all times and dispose of all
waste materials arising from the cleaning. This shall include all pathways and hard landscape
areas within the scope of works. If any large items are dumped on the site the contractor shall
either remove or contact the owner or responsible authority to remove the items as quickly as
possible.
4.2.1 Palms
A. Six to eight weeks after planting, remove palm wrapping, separate fronds and check for
terminal bud growth. If terminal bud shows signs of growth leave palm unwrapped to allow the
heart to receive sunlight. If no sign of re-growth is evident, it can be safely assumed that the
palm had died and therefore shall be replaced.
B. Phoenix dactylifera palms require the oldest fronds to be removed in November, but periodic
removal of dead fronds shall be carried out as and when necessary. The fronds shall be
removed using a sharp disinfected saw cutting on the underside of the petiole as close to the
trunk as possible. To assist in the cutting, the frond shall be tensioned by pushing it upward.
C. Any dead, dry leaves or stalks hanging shall be removed; Inflorescence shall be tied and kept
clean. Pollination shall be carried out at right time with viable pollens collected from healthy
palms. Only workers experienced in pollination techniques shall be engaged for this work.
Excessive male inflorescence shall be cut and removed. Trunk shall be maintained with a
uniform girth as the leaf sheaths are to be cut clean.
D. After an established period of one growing season the Contractor shall clean palms by having
all bases of old fronds saw back close to stem at a downward sloping angle, leaving no
cavities which might harbor larval pests. Leaf axils shall be periodically checked for inhabitance
of rats or other reptiles and control measures shall be taken urgently. Off shoots shall be
removed to keep only the main single palm to give the best landscape appearance unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer.
E. The Contractor shall ensure that the palms receive adequate amount of water as per
application rates specified unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
F. The Contractor shall start the regular maintenance fertilizer application program from 3 months
after planting or as approved by the Engineer. Approved granulated fertilizer with
micronutrients shall be applied at the rates specified in the Method Statement approved by
the Engineer prior to usage. Also note the general maintenance fertilizer schedule table for
guidance. Soil shall be moist at the time of fertilizing and irrigation shall be followed
immediately after fertilizing.
G. The Contractor shall maintain appropriate controls by spraying at such frequencies and in such
amounts as to prevent insect and disease problems. The Contractor shall carry out specific
checks every month to identify any causative organisms and treatments shall be target
oriented.
H. Palms shall be inspected for signs of boreholes in their trunk. If these are present both stem
and head shall be treated twice with insecticide, in mid May and again in mid June or as
approved by the Engineer. Control measures shall be timely addressed for major pests like
Red Palm Weevil, Root Knot Nematodes, Mealy Bugs, Fruit Stalk Borer, Termites etc.
I. Red Palm Weevil being the most dangerous pest of Date Palm has to be controlled as per an
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program. IPM involves use of suitable pesticides and Sex
Aggregation Pheromone Traps. Mating and Egg laying of adult insects usually takes place
from November to April during low temperature and high humidity. Pesticide sprays shall be
carried out before pest population multiply. Affected palms shall be immediately removed and
disposed from the site before infection spreads to other palms.
J. Laying of bait or traps to control rodents shall be carried out in problematic areas. All pest
control measures shall be conducted as per the Method Statement approved by the Engineer.
K. Maintain palm-planting basins by removing all debris and weeds. Care shall be taken to protect
bubblers and other irrigation accessories while doing cleaning works.

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4.2.2 Trees and Shrubs
A. All plants shall be maintained in a well-pruned condition to improve their appearance and to
keep them healthy. Remove from time-to-time dead, dry, diseased and broken branches.
While pruning, care has to be taken for using appropriate pruning tools so that ragged and split
ends are avoided. Cuts shall always be made on a slant/angle so that they shed water easily.
Also locate the cut end just above a branch junction, bud or leaf node, pointing in the direction
that it is desired the new branch shall grow. Stubs of branches left beyond the bud will dieback
to the bud, making entry of disease easier.
B. For flowering trees and shrubs pruning shall be carried out in a manner that does not affect the
forthcoming blossoms. The contractor has to adopt the right pruning techniques to encourage
foliage plants to develop dense canopies and give the best appearance. Light pruning to shape
a plant or remove dead branches can be done all year round. However, heavy pruning shall be
done during the dormant season (December-February) only when leaves have fallen.
C. For topiary plants, shape and structure shall represent an attractive figure. All cuts shall be
clean leaving no stubs. Cut ends shall be applied with a fungicide to prevent entry of disease
causing organisms.
D. Stakes for all ornamental trees shall be inspected on a monthly basis to prevent girdling of
trunks or branches, and to prevent rubbing that causes bark wounds. Any lean from natural
causes shall re straighten. Stakes loosened or broken shall be repaired or replaced using
pressure treated 50mm square stakes as specified. Similarly tree ties also shall be inspected
at monthly intervals. Loosen ties when necessary to avoid constricting the growth of limbs and
the trunk. Where necessary stakes and ties shall be replaced using the equivalent material
being removed. Tree stakes and supports shall be removed only once the plants are anchored
strongly by its own root system and the tree is capable of standing vertical and able to resist
normal summer high winds and winter storms.
E. At completion of the ongoing maintenance contract the Contractor shall obtain approval from
the Engineer to remove all stakes and ties, excepting those trees requiring continued support.
F. The amount of water needed for healthy growth will vary depending on plant size, wind and
sun exposure, season and soil type. Therefore, an optimum average water flow shall be
established for each season or major change in weather as specified by the Engineer.
G. The Contractor shall start the regular maintenance fertiliser application programme from 3
months after planting. The contractor shall refer to the list of approved Fertilisers and
micronutrients for any of his fertiliser programme. These shall be applied at the rates specified
in the Method Statement approved by the Engineer.
H. Maintain appropriate controls by spraying at such frequencies and in such amounts as to
prevent insect and disease problems on trees and shrubs. He shall undertake timely control
measures preventing sap-sucking, leaf-eating and stem-boring type insects.
I. Sap-sucking pests include aphids, scale insects, mealy bugs, thrips, and leaf or tree hoppers.
Aphids are carriers of virus diseases, and some like scale insects, leaf hoppers and aphids,
secrete a sticky substance on stems and branches which induces growth of a disfiguring black
fungus called sooty mould. Tiny dark thrips suck plant sap to cause malformation of leaves and
flowers with white streaks and marks that are particularly noticeable on darker blooms; and
phyllids or leaf miners cause swellings or discoloured patches on leaf surfaces or distortion of
whole leaf.
J. Leaf diseases, fungal, bacterial and viral, can also be responsible for abnormities of the leaves
of trees. Powdery mildew is one of the most common diseases and coats the leaves with a
white, ash-like deposit causing them to curl and drop off. Whenever needed a contact,
systemic or fumigant chemical shall be used to control these insects and diseases. Control
measures shall be conducted as per the Method Statement approved by the Engineer.
K. Control the weeds by removing all undesirable plant material around the base of trees on a
regular basis. For trees planted in grass areas approximately 80-100 cm diameters shall be
maintained around the base of the tree free from grass and other plant material especially
when still staked or install HDPE trunk guards if powered nylon string trimmers are used to
clean the base of the tree.
L. Trees in gravel and other planted areas shall be kept clear of all undesirable plant materials.
The best method to maintain planting basins free from weeds is to remove them by hand
digging. Due to the tendency for the roots of most shrubs to be near the surface, it is

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recommended that weeds in close vicinity of the plants stem i.e. approximately 50cm are
removed by hand and not dug out. Chemicals can be used only in places away from other
plants.
4.2.3 Ground Covers
A. The growth pattern of ground cover shall be maintained in such a way that within the same
type, canopy level shall be equally maintained without growth differences unless otherwise
instructed by the Engineer. The top growth shall be cut back to promote lower growth and
horizontal growth. Edging shall be carried out when plants have reached the edge of boundary.
All pruning shall be carried out using hand shears or a powered hedge trimmer. After cutting,
all clippings shall be removed to avoid any problems of disease transmission from the dead
leaves.
B. The Contractor shall apply fertilizers as per the approved Method Statement, which is subject
to review every 3 months depending upon the season, health of plants, horticultural practices
and after the soil test reports.
C. The Contractor shall undertake control measures as per the approved Method Statement,
which is subject to revisions monthly according to pest and disease problems. The Contractor
shall gain approval from the Engineer before every chemical application and it shall be done in
strict accordance with the Manufacturers instructions.
D. Only hand weeding shall be permitted in order to avoid chemical injury to ground covers. It is
not easy to isolate weeds growing within a ground cover area. If a weed needs chemical
control measures, the contractor shall use a selective chemical that kills only the weed without
harming the ground covers.

4.2.4 Climbers & Vines
A. Pruning shall start whilst the plant is small, so it will grow gradually and increase evenly in size.
Pruning of vines and climbers helps to maintain shape as well as induce vigor to plants. All
pruning cuts shall be neat and clean and made 1 cm above a well-developed healthy bud or
sound out wards growing side shoot, at an angle of about 45 degrees to the growing point.
Light pruning to shape a plant or remove dead twigs can be done all year, whereas heavy
pruning is best done in the dormant season. Vines shall be pruned so that stems are generally
of equal length to help avoid them going "leggy". Pruning just above outward-pointing
branches will also help to train them to spread laterally.
B. The amount of water needed for healthy growth will vary dependent on size, wind and sun
exposure, growth rate and soil type. Therefore an optimum average water flow shall be
established for each season, or a major change in the weather.
C. Fertilizer shall be applied as per the approved Method Statement
D. Vines shall be tied and trained to grow along the walls and against trellis work, using
expandable wire reinforced plastic ribbon twine. The material shall not harm the twigs or
branches on tying or require supports or stakes. The Contractor shall obtain prior approval of
the Engineer for this material.
E. Weed control shall consist of removing all undesirable plant material around the plants. The
best method is hand weeding, although herbicides can be used cautiously to avoid any injury
to plants. Their use is not recommended due to the risk of damage to the climber or vine.
Regularly cultivating the soil surface to a depth of 50 mm can prevent weeds from establishing.
4.2.5 Lawn Areas
A. The Contractor shall carry out all maintenance practices in a systematic manner so as to give
the best conditions of lawn. In areas of extreme trespass or movement of people, extra
management care shall be required. Such areas shall be brought under frequent aeration
using appropriate aerating equipments to break down the hard soil pan formed by trespassing.
Care shall also be taken to replant dead spots as it is appears. To achieve a healthy lawn the
Contractor shall undertake the following maintenance operations.
B. To exhibit attractive lush growth, the frequency of mowing shall be determined by the grass
variety grown, climatic conditions and other microclimatic factors. Mowing frequency shall vary

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from twice weekly to once fortnightly in summer and cooler months respectively depending
upon the speed of growth and species or as per the need according to growing conditions.
Grass shall be mowed at a height of 25 mm generally, but not less than 1/3rd of total length of
grass blade as this can cause physiological shock. Under no circumstances shall grass be
mowed immediately after irrigation or a rain. Mowing shall be followed at right angles to
previous cutting direction. Machinery for mowing (a mechanized mower) shall be fitted with
grass collecting boxes. Equipment shall be in optimum operating condition prior to use. Faulty
or un-serviced equipment is not accepted for use. Cutting blades of mower shall be inspected
before each cutting and shall be sharpened if required. Any broken or bent blades shall be
replaced immediately. Spillage of clippings shall be manually removed immediately after
mowing before next irrigation. The Contractor shall alternatively use a modern mower that can
cut grass in to fine pieces and spread grass clippings on the land. In such case care shall be
taken not to delay between mowing.
C. Trimming grass against the base of walls, fences, kerbstones and in places where access for
mowers is not possible shall be done regularly by hand with grass shears or with a powered
nylon string trimmer. Edging, that refers to the cutting of horizontal growing grass against
pavements, flower beds, plant basins etc. shall be best carried out using a motorized edging
machine or long handled shears. Edging and trimming shall be practiced at a frequency of not
less than once a week during summer months (March-October) and as required during
dormant winter months (November-February).
D. The Contractor shall ensure that the grass be given sufficient amount of water through the
irrigation system to maintain the grass in a green healthy condition. Necessary changes in rate
of watering during different months of year shall be in accordance with the instruction of the
Engineer. For maximum effect to be gained, watering shall be carried out in early mornings, to
avoid excessive moisture loss due to evaporation. The Contractor shall follow the Irrigation
Manual to get guidance for irrigation rates and methodology.
E. For best results fertilizers shall be applied to the grass while ground is dry and followed by
thorough watering after application, to reduce the risk of scorching. Fertilizer can be applied
either using applicators, which can be tractor mounted for large areas or broadcast by hand in
small areas. Whichever method of application is used, it is important to obtain a good even
coverage to avoid 'patching' in the grass. The fertilizer shall be applied at half rate in two
directions at right angles to each other to ensure a complete spread. Prior to fertilizer
application, the contractor shall obtain approval of the Engineer for the Method Statement and
follow the rates and types of fertilizers set out therein.
F. Troublesome weeds coming up in lawn area can be controlled either by manual removal or by
using suitable selective herbicide. While using herbicides care shall be taken to choose the
right chemicals, as non-selective herbicides shall kill the lawn grass. The Contractor shall
obtain the approval of the Engineer after submitting the literature of the product and by doing
test applications. Broadleaf herbicides shall be applied whilst the target weed is actively
growing and are best applied late in the day to avoid excessive evaporation that would prevent
the plant from absorbing sufficient chemical. If broadleaf weed infestation is severe, it may be
necessary for several applications at approximately two-week intervals to achieve acceptable
control. Herbicides can be applied using powered spraying machines or a knapsack sprayer.
When using any chemical it is important to follow the manufacturers instructions.
G. Thatch is the build up of dead-looking material, old grass and stolons between the soil surface
and the leaf blades. De-thatching is the process of removing this to allow appropriate
penetration of water, fertilizer and air to the soil surface and root zone. The Contractor has to
de-thatch the lawn once a year or as necessary during the active growing period of lawn.
Appropriate equipments are to be used. After de-thatching, all dead materials shall be
removed manually or with a mower having box collectors. Follow fertilizer and irrigation
application immediately.
H. The Contractor has to undertake aeration of lawn area as to break down the hard pan of
topsoil yearly once or twice, or as instructed by the Engineer. Appropriate aerating tools shall
be used that shall remove small cores of earth, thus allowing water, fertiliser and air through
the soil surface down to the root zone. Aeration shall be carried out more frequently for
playgrounds or heavily trafficked areas, or as instructed by the Engineer.

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I. The Contractor shall repair dry or damaged patches or gaps in lawn area with the same variety
grass during a suitable season. An appropriate planting method shall be followed as specified.
J. Topdressing is the application of fine planting soil to lawn areas to remove minor hollows,
settlement or unevenness of damaged areas. The lawn shall be cut prior to top dressing. Do
not fully cover the grass blades; prevent smothering by raking to work soil down to ground
level. Top dressing may be carried out in several stages for more uneven areas. Topdressing
shall be undertaken in the dormant period prior to summer. Apply fertilizer after levels are
obtained and irrigate the area.
K. Top dressing with manure shall also be practiced as per the approved maintenance application
and as per the approved Method Statement. When using manure care shall be taken to use
well-decomposed manure in powder form free from lumps or other impurities. Manure shall be
applied during moderate weather conditions and either hand spread or using a manure
spreader for large lawn areas. On no occasion shall manure be allowed to fall in heaps on
lawn surface. Manure application shall be avoided immediately before de-thatching or mowing.
The best time is just after mowing before first irrigation. Lawn area shall be thoroughly watered
after manure spreading. Always keep the ground moist until the manure particles are properly
incorporated with soil.
L. Areas shall be easy to mow with appropriate equipment and machinery. Mowing obstructions
shall be positioned to allow the easy manoeuvring of ride on equipment (a minimum clearance
of 2.7m shall be allowed in most areas, with 2m clearance allowed in tight developments
where smaller machinery is acceptable.)
M. Maintain a minimum of 3m clearance between trees and buildings.
4.3 Reporting and Inspections
A. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval a comprehensive Operations and
Maintenance Schedule that includes methodology for addressing all horticultural and other
issues explained in this section. This shall include any other aspects the contractor determines
appropriate for the betterment of maintenance of landscape.
B. The schedule shall be broken into sectors covering the site. The sectors shall not exceed 4000
m2 or as determined by the Engineer and the boundaries shall be established by clear and
obvious changes in landscape type treatment or topography.
C. The Contractor shall keep records of daily operations done in relation to maintenance works.
He shall include activities and procedures carried out on a day-to-day basis and submit the
same along with the Monthly Report of corresponding month.
D. The Contractors Site Supervisor/Foreman shall inspect the site at very least once per week
during the maintenance period and shall prepare a brief schedule of operations required for the
coming week. The format for the schedule of operations will cover each sector of the site as
mentioned above.
E. The schedule shall describe the operations the Contractor intends to carry out in the coming
week to cover the items listed in the specification and to ensure that the current weather
conditions and growing performance, insect attack, etc. is taken into account.
F. A copy of this schedule is to be submitted to the Engineer every week so that a running record
of proposed operations can be checked at the maintenance inspections each month.
G. The Contractor shall prepare a Monthly Maintenance Schedule forecasting the required
maintenance operations for the coming month. This shall be submitted for approval to the
Engineer.
H. Maintenance activities shall not be limited to those listed in this Schedule and submission or
approval of this schedule in no way relieves the Contractor from the responsibilities of carrying
out any additional maintenance works required to maintain the landscape in good condition.
I. The Contractor shall prepare and submit a monthly report detailing all activities and practices
adopted during the previous month to the Engineer for review. Photographs or drawings shall
be included in the report wherever progress evidences or proofs are needed. The Engineer
shall review and comment on the works done based on weekly and monthly forecasted work
schedules and daily reports.
J. All landscape areas will be inspected monthly by the Engineer using maintenance checklists
and the schedules submitted by the Contractor. All items on the previous months snags lists

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are to be carried out by the time of the next inspection that is within that particular month
unless agreed and/or required more urgently.
K. A list of snags outlining specific works that require completion will be issued after each
inspection to the Contractor.
4.4 Soft Landscape Maintenance Manual
A. The Contractor shall compile a comprehensive Soft Landscape Maintenance Manual for post
contract use that will include all details of the following:
Pesticide/herbicide/fungicide applications including safety, application rates and
procedure, schedules of pesticides/herbicides/fungicides.
Irrigation including water application rates maintenance procedure.
Landscape maintenance including fertiliser descriptions, application rates and programs.
Method Statements for each maintenance practices.
Maintenance practises detailed under Basic and Specific headings.
Equipment inventory, maintenance procedures and full manufacturers maintenance
manuals.
Personnel requirements.
4.5 Final Acceptance
A. A final joint inspection shall be held with the Contractor and the Engineer to review the
requirements for any alteration or replacement in order to gain approval for final Handover. To
ensure satisfactory handover procedures, the site meetings held each month between the
Contractor, Engineer and Clients Representative will be used to inspect and approve the
installation and maintenance works which will be reviewed to ensure adequate work has been
done.
B. At the time of final inspection, all areas under this contract shall be free of weeds, neatly
cultivated and raked, and all plants in good order. No bare patches of earth shall be visible in
turf or ground cover planting areas.
C. If, after the inspection, the Client and the Engineer are of the opinion that all Works have been
performed in accordance with the Drawings and Specifications, the Engineer will give written
approval of acceptance and completion of the Maintenance Period. If all or certain portions of
the Works are not acceptable under the terms and intent of the Drawings and Specifications,
the formal Maintenance Period for all the work shall be extended at no cost to the Client, until
the defects in the Works have been corrected and the Works are accepted by the Client and
the Engineer.

END OF SECTION


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Section B: Hard Landscape
1 General
A. This Specification includes all information required for the products, installation and
maintenance of all hard landscape items and materials.
B. For any concrete works, pavements, electrical and instrumentation installations or other
related works not explicitly defined in this Section, the applicable Sections of the
Specifications shall apply, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
C. The British Standard (BS) and other International Standards (ISO) and codes of practice
referred to in this specification are listed below and reference shall make to the latest
editions of these, together with all current amendments and additions thereto current at the
time of tender.
D. The following standards shall apply, unless specified otherwise:
Abu Dhabi Municipality - Specifications for any kind of Road Works
Abu Dhabi Municipality Building Regulations
BS 729 Hot dipped galvanized coating
BS 812-101:1984 Testing aggregates. Guide to sampling and testing
aggregates
BS 812-109:1990 Testing aggregates. Methods for determination of
moisture content
BS 1014 Pigments for Portland cement and Portland Cement
Products
BS 1722 Fences
BS 2499
BS 3148:1980 Methods of test for water for making concrete (including
notes on the suitability of the water)
BS 3470 Field Gates and Posts
BS 6717 Pre-cast Concrete Paving Blocks
BS 6717 Part 1 and Part 3 - Specifications for pre-cast concrete
paving blocks.
BS 7533 -1:2001 Pavements or concrete pavers heavy duty.
BS 7533 -2:2001 Pavements or concrete pavers lightly trafficked.
BS 7533 -3:1997 Pavements or concrete pavers laying pavers.
BS 7533 -7:2002 Pavements - stone setts & cobbles
BS 7263 Pre-cast concrete flags, kerbs, channels, edgings &
quadrants
BS 7263-1: Specification for the above
BS 792 Specification for mild steel dustbins.
BS 3735 Specification for plastics and rubber dustbin lids
BS 4998 Specification for mounded thermoplastic dustbins
BS 5385-2:1991 Code of practice for design and installation of external
ceramic wall tiling and mosaics.
BS EN 10545 Ceramic Tiles
BS 13451-8:2001 Specific safety requirement and test methods for leisure
water features.
ASTM C 150 Standard Specification for Portland Cement
ASTM C920 Standard Specification for Joint Sealants
ASTM C936 Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units.
ASTM C902 Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
ASTM D946 Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in
Pavement Construction.
ASTM C 97 Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity
of Dimension Stone.
ASTM C 99 Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of Dimension
Stone.

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ASTM C 241 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Stone
Subjected to Foot Traffic
ASTM C 880 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimensional
Stone.
ASTM C 936 Specifications for Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving
Units
1.1 Quality Control
A. Prior to dispatch of any product and / or material from source, the Contractor shall notify
the Engineer in sufficient time to allow the Engineer the opportunity to inspect and review /
test the product and / or material prior to delivery.
B. Products and materials shall be from a manufacturer / supplier who operate a quality
system that is registered to ISO 9000 series or approved equal.
C. To allow the Engineer to inspect the Works the Contractor shall give the Engineer a
minimum of forty eight (48) hours notice by inspection request of carrying out the activities
on site.
D. Hold and witness points: Unless otherwise instructed, the Contractor shall not proceed to
complete further works until the following has been inspected and approved by the
Engineer:
a. Submission of works construction program.
b. Monthly progress reports.
c. Approval of all samples and materials
d. Marking out of layout in accordance with documentation
e. Detailed Maintenance Manual.
E. Maintenance work:
a. Endorsed or modified maintenance manuals
b. Endorsed As Built drawings from Construction Contractor
c. Monthly maintenance schedules
d. Monthly maintenance records sheets
e. Weekly maintenance schedules
f. Weekly maintenance records sheets
g. Daily maintenance schedule
h. Daily maintenance record sheets.
F. These activities shall be identified as hold points in the Contractors program and
inspection and test plans.
G. If the Contractor does not notify the Engineer in sufficient time to allow for his inspection
prior to covering up or complete installations governed by a hold point, the Contractor shall
remove all such materials / equipment as deemed necessary by the Engineer to verify
compliance of the work. Any delays, additional work or additional costs attributed to the
above shall be solely at the Contractors expense.
1.2 Public Safety and Security
A. The Contractor shall not deposit the earth obtained from the excavation and/or store-up or
deploy equipment, tools and plant necessary in locations that to will affect the safety of the
public, public services, or properties/or in such a way that impedes traffic or pedestrians
and any other works or public authorities or private concerns.
B. The Contractor shall backfill promptly all trenches and open cutting to the standards
required by the Engineer.
C. The Contractor shall provide, install and maintained support to the sides from collapsing or
from any way whatever the surrounding utilities and properties, whether as a result of
collapse of the sides of excavation/or as a result of sliding.

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D. The Contractor will be held responsible for the sufficiency of his safety measures and will
be liable for keeping the works safe at all times.
E. The Contractor shall take all precautions, which in the opinion of the Engineer are
necessary to minimize nuisance arising from the noise and dust when working in the
vicinity of residences, lecture halls and offices.
F. All engine driven machines shall be fitted with efficient silencers, which are not necessarily
those supplied by the manufactures of the engines or plant and if necessary plant shall be
screened with acoustic materials.
G. If in the opinion of the Engineer, it is unreasonable or undesirable for pumps, or concrete
mixers to be driven by combustion engines, the Contractor shall, when so required,
provided electric motors to operate the plant.
H. Compressed air operators, road breakers, tools and ventilation equipments shall be
effectively muffled or shall be of a design having low noise frequency.
I. The Contractor shall utilize submersible pumping plant, which is electrically powered to
avoid any nuisance or disturbance to the public. The pumping plan may be supplied with
power from a diesel-operated generator, which shall be acoustically insulated so that the
emitted noise level shall not exceed 65dBA measured at a distance of 3m from the
equipments. The noise level near houses and sound insulation procedures to keep the
noise nuisance to the minimum shall all be approved by the Engineer.
J. Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, all open excavations and other hazardous
areas shall be totally enclosed from all sides by temporary fencing.
K. In all cases, locations of the temporary fencing proposed by the Contractor shall be
submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to installation. The Contractor shall not
commence any works until the associated temporary fencing is erected and installation
has been approved by the Engineer.
L. Damaged sections of temporary fencing shall be repaired or replaced promptly to maintain
at all times the standard of fencing and installation as initially approved at no costs to the
Client. Temporary fencing shall not be removed from any locations without the prior written
approval of the Engineer. The name of the Contract and Contractor shall be affixed at
regular intervals on these temporary fences.
M. The Contractor shall provide an approved temporary fencing around the grass strip
adjacent to the airfield strips to create a physical barrier between the work place and the
airfield strips. The temporary fencing shall be such that it can be relocated or removed
temporarily for aircraft movement in a short notice of 24 hrs.
1.3 Cleanliness of Site
A. The Contractor shall keep the construction site neat and clean to the satisfaction of the
Engineer by the daily removal of unwanted material arising from demolished pipes,
manholes, pavers, fountains or water features, other structures and excavation, rubbish,
temporary installations, and daily cleaning to remove windblown sand and other debris. All
debris shall remove from site to a public disposal location approved by the Engineer. The
disposal location may be at any distance from the project site, and may be changed by the
Engineer during the time of Contract. The Contractor shall determine any requirements for
the disposal of debris at the approved locations. The Contractor shall allow for this in his
rates.
B. The Contractor shall keep the site free from insects and rodent infestations, and shall
endeavor to control offensive odours. The Contractor shall ascertain and comply with the
requirements of the Engineer, Abu Dhabi Municipality and other applicable regulations for
his sanitary precautions.
C. Upon the completion of the work, the Contractor shall clear away and remove from site all
remaining constructional plant, surplus materials, rubbish and temporary works of every
kind all leave the whole of the site clean to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
1.4 Works To Be Kept Dry
A. The Contractor shall pump out underground water and/or percolating water that is
encountered in the excavation using well point dewatering system or as directed by the
Engineer and dispose of such water to places indicated by the Engineer. The Engineer

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may allow such water in rain water gullies provided there is no technical hindrance, subject
to approval
B. The Contractor shall not dispose of water into sewer pipes, roads, private property or open
areas such as parks or undeveloped lots.
1.5 Temporary Works
A. The Contractor shall protect streets and sidewalks and shall repair damaged caused by
construction activity. The Contractor shall comply with local rules and regulations in
connection with the use of streets.
B. The Contractor shall protect all private roads and walks and shall maintain them during the
course of the works. He shall repair all damage to them caused by construction activity.
C. The Contractor is to include for all temporary works to maintain and protect the existing
power, lighting, and water and telephone services while the works are being executed.
Temporary shutdown of these services shall only be mad with prior approval of the
Engineer and owner of the services
D. Allow for protecting and maintaining all pipes, ducts and cables met in excavations, or
keeping all ditches, gullies and channels clear and unobstructed and for making good any
damage caused to public or private roads, paths, kerbs and drain and paying all costs and
charges incurred.
E. The Contractor shall provide protection against rain, wind, storms or heat to maintain the
works, materials, apparatus, and fixtures free from injury or damage. Work likely to be
damaged shall be covered at the end of each days work.
F. The Contractor shall ensure that all the temporary insulations are executed in accordance
with the requirements of the authorities concerned.
G. All temporary works are to be properly and adequately maintained and on completion of
the Contract or when directed by the Engineer shall be cleared away by the Contractor.
Damage to new or existing works that arises as a result of failure by the Contractor to
provide appropriate protection shall be repaired or replaced as directed by the Engineer
and shall be at the Contractors expense.
1.5.1 Special Instructions
A. The Contractor shall have a representative who will be able to attend site meetings
throughout the duration of the Contract period, and who will have the authority to provide
daily ongoing direction for all work crews.
B. It is the responsibility of the successful Contractor to notify all agencies that may be
affected by the installation of any services or work within this Contract and obtain all
necessary permits, approvals, stakeouts, and locates.
C. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining and/or verifying all required utility locations
prior to the digging of post holes or other required excavation.
2 New Installations
2.1 Submittals
A. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the following documentation for review and
approval before commencing work and shall allow for a one month approval period for
each submission.
B. The Contractor shall carefully check and verify all dimensions on the Contract drawings
and shall report all variations to the Engineer. Both Imperial units and Metric units are used
as appropriate, with strong preference for metric.
C. All shop drawings shall be submitted for approval with supporting calculations prior to
starting the work on site.
D. Shop drawings shall be prepared to detail any installation not completely detailed in the
Contract drawings, or to detail any alterations to the Contract drawings and shall include,
but not be limited to:
a) Civil works
b) Mechanical pipe works
c) Electrical control equipment with circuit diagrams,

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d) Structural calculations showing stability under imposed loads.
e) Detail of typical connections.
f) Wiring diagrams including conduits, pull boxes, sizing and calculations to verify that
cable sizing is in accordance with valve manufactures printed recommendations
wherever applicable.
E. The approval of shop drawings shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his responsibility
under the Contract for a successful and timely completion of the work.
F. Scales for shop drawings shall be as follows:
Details : 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20
Construction : 1:50, 1:100
Layout and Site Plan : 1:100 or 1:200
G. For all major activities, the Contractor shall submit his proposed work method statement
for approval prior to commencing work. The statement shall detail proposed sequence of
work, hold points, testing frequency and document control, all subject to the approval f the
Engineer.
H. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the following documentation for review and
approval before substantial handing over.
I. Manufacturers Recommendations: The Contractor shall submit manufacturers
recommendation for each material or procedure, including recommended spare parts to be
utilized, and all relevant operational data. The Contractor shall have a copy of the
manufacturers instructions available on-site at all times while work is in progress, and
shall follow these instructions unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
J. Spare Parts: The Contractor shall submit manufacturers listing of spare parts for approval
prior to commissioning any piece of equipment. Recommendations shall include stocking
recommendations; exploded assembly diagrams illustrating location and spare parts to be
utilized and all relevant operational data.
K. Manufacturers Information. At such time as the Engineer has approved the list of
materials, the Contractor shall provide four (4) sets of manufacturers technical and
maintenance literature to the Engineer. Data sheets shall provide sufficient technical
information to identify each product and shall include the name and the address of the
nearest supplier and details of the local representative. Preformatted Technical Data
Sheets for all approved irrigation items are maintained by the ADM/DEPARTMENT
Irrigation & Landscape Section and may be submitted for this purpose.
L. As Built Drawings. The Contractor shall maintain one set of As Built drawings. All
approved changes and all completed and approved work shall be recorded on these
drawings. The Contractor shall maintain these drawings on a daily basis and provide them
as requested by the Engineer, the Client. At the Completion of the Contract, the
Contractor shall submit to the Engineer one complete As Built set of drawings of the
entire Contract Area for approval. Once the drawings have been approved, the Contractor
shall prepare and submit three (3) sets of fully book bound drawings and three (3) soft
PDF copy on CD/DVD with scanned literature as necessary at completion handing over.
M. Operation and Maintenance Manual: The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for
approval two sets of Operation and Maintenance Manual before final handing over
covering all relevant installation on site.
2.2 Delivery, Storage and Handling
2.2.1 General
A. Delivery, storage and handling of products and materials shall be in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendations, relevant section of the Specifications and the following
provisions. Additional requirements may be required as per manufactures
recommendations and/or the directives of the Engineer.
B. Delivery, storage and handling shall at all times be performed in a manner to avoid product
damage.
C. Only nylon slings shall be allowed for lifting products.
D. Products shall be stored off the ground on timber blocks of sufficient size and spacing to
provide adequate support.

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E. Products shall be stored at site in a temperature, humidity etc. environment as
recommended by the manufacturer.
F. Products that are stored outside at site shall be stored under cover to prevent ultra violet
deterioration and as recommended by the manufacturer.
G. The Contractor shall inspect all products upon delivery to site and report any damage to
the Engineer.
H. Any products damaged during delivery, storage and handling shall be marked by the
Contractor and set aside.
I. Proposals for repair of any damaged products shall be submitted in writing to the Engineer
for approval.
J. Any damaged products deemed unsuitable for repair by the Engineer shall be removed
from site and replaced.
K. No repairs to damage products shall be attempted without Engineers approval.
L. Any damaged products deemed unsuitable for repair by the Engineer s shall be removed
from site and replaced at Contractors expenses.
M. Products like primers, paints, protective membranes etc. shall be delivered in original
sealed containers clearly labeled with manufactures name, brand designation type and
class and date of manufacture.
N. All work included under this section shall be warranted by the Contractor against all
defects and malfunction of materials and workmanship for the duration of the Contract.
The Contractor shall make all necessary repairs and / or replacements in an expedient
manner at no additional cost to the Client.
O. At the completion of the Contract the Contractor shall make aware to the Client and the
Engineer all Warranties covered under the Contract and the time they lapse.
P. All equipments, fittings and accessories shall be suitably rated to comply with the
infrastructure design and / or operating parameters. Comply with the most up to date
safety standards and governing regulations for all work and cleaning operations.
Q. Do not burn waste materials at site, or bury debris or excess materials on site, or
discharge volatile or other harmful dangerous materials into irrigation or drainage systems;
remove waste materials from site on a day-to-day basis and dispose of in a lawful manner
and as directed by the Engineer. The disposal location may be at any distance from the
project site, and may be changed by the Engineer at no additional cost to the Client.
3 Materials
3.1 General
A. All products supplied to the Client to be used with the Contract area shall meet current
international design, standards and manufacturing. These shall be suitable for use in
extreme climatic conditions with protection against UV light, salinity, extreme high
temperatures (50deg. C+), humidity, and other surface protection to international
standards. All items will be approved on a case by case basis.
B. The finish and color of all products shall match the adjacent line product or be in keeping
with Contract areas current theme as directed by the Engineer.
C. The Contractor shall provide all catalogue cuts, diagrams, drawings, and such other data
as may be required to demonstrate compliance with the specifications.
D. The Contractor shall submit material approvals for all the materials, which are proposed to
be used in the system, sufficiently in advance, to the Engineer, prior to their installation.
Any material used, which is not approved, shall be removed from the site and the
Contractor shall replace them at his own cost.
E. All metal materials defined and described below are representative of metals normally
used in architectural metalwork. Any metals required for a particular project not listed
below shall be fully defined and of standards complying with the Project Document. All
metals shall be free from defects impairing strength or durability of the end product and
shall be adequate commercial quality for each intended purpose.
F. Fastenings which are exposed shall be of the same material, color and finish as to which
they are applied.

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G. Individual metals shall be uniform in color, sound and free from surface flaws, segregation,
laminations and other defects which are detrimental to subsequent processing and
ultimate use. Sheeting shall be uniform in thickness and of camber.
H. Concrete shall be as specified in the Specifications for cast in situ or pre-cast concrete
elements
I. Steel shall be classified under 3 main groups as follows:
J. Mild Steel (Carbon content below 0.25% - most common in construction). Carbon Steel
(Carbon content 0.25% -to 1.4% - for high tensile structural uses). Alloy Steel: Only
stainless steel as described below. Steel for architectural metalwork shall be to SSA 107,
207, 208, 209, ASTM, A36, A501, A570 and BS 1449, 2994.
K. Stainless Steel shall comply with DIN 59382 and BS 1449, Part 2, BS 4127 and be of a
grade and finish as stated in the Project Documents. Only one type of stainless steel may
be considered for external works: 18/10/3 % chromium-nickel-molybdenum group, suitable
for all applications.
L. Aluminum shall comply with SSA 79, 80 and ASTM B 209, B 211 and B 308. Sections and
profiles shall generally be extruded and be of thickness appropriate to the use and design
of the member. Profiles may include various shapes as described for steel and shall be to
BS 1161,1471,1474,4229. Hollow sections shall be circular, rectangular or square as
required.
M. Concrete and masonry fixings and fixing devices shall be provided where necessary for
fastening miscellaneous metal items securely in place. Anchorages shall include slotted
inserts, steel plugs and bolts, resin anchor bolts or expansion bolts and self drilling
anchors. Slotted inserts shall be of types required to engage with the anchors.
N. Only certified FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) timber shall be used. This ensures that
timber produced in certified forests can be traced from the forest to the end user.
3.2 Site Furniture
3.2.1 General
A. The Contractor shall supply and install site furniture, and all associated foundations and
fixings at the locations shown on the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer. The
Contractor shall provide manufactures literatures, drawings, samples and/or mock-ups of
all elements as required by the Engineer.
B. The Contractor shall provide various types of pre-cast concrete benches, collapsible
bollards, litter bins, play equipment and shading devices as well as wind break
constructions to all trees as per details indicated on the Drawings or as directed by the
Engineer. The quantities of each type of site furniture and its combination on site shall be
subject to revision during construction.
C. All hardscape elements shall be provided according to the drawings or alternatively
3.2.2 Windbreaks and Temporary Planting Screens
A. Whenever planting is in an exposed position, liable to strong or excessively hot wind
conditions, windbreaks shall be provided until such time as the planting is firmly
established.
B. Provide and install windbreaks as shown in the drawings comprising the following:
a. Guyed round wood timber poles of pinewood or approved equal protected
against termites.
b. Windbreak material of woven high density, green monofilament, high density
polyethylene shade cloth fabric, HDPE and UV resistant, of approximately
50% porosity. Width: 3 metres. Complete with reinforced eyelets on each side,
double row in the centre for securing purposes.
c. Five rows of wires on each side: Line and tie-back wires, 3.15 mm
intermediate wires of 2.5mm HT
d. Staples
e. Deadman screw anchors
f. Wooden battens 50 x 12 mm to protect the fabric from chafing the wires,

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installed on the poles using 100 mm galvanized flat-head nails at 300mm
centres.
g. Screens shall be typically 3 metres high with poles at 12.5 metre centres
installed in concrete footings.
h. The net configuration can be altered to suit the size of the planted specimen.
Variations from the above typical sizing shall be approved by the Engineer.
3.2.3 Sun Protection and Shade Sails
A. Shade sail devices and the supporting structures shall be robust, durable and resist
corrosion.
B. The Contractor shall guarantee the material and installation for a minimum period of ten
years from the date of final acceptance of all work (FAC).
C. Shade Sails shall be provided complete with supporting poles and guy ropes, with UV
resistant PTFE coated fibreglass fabric and all erection devices complete with
concrete foundations and structural calculations.
D. The fabric used as a covering shall be light and weatherproof. Dye used in the fabric
shall be fast and resistant to fading in strong sunlight. Colour shall be to Engineers
acceptance.
E. 50mm min. reinforcing webbing around the perimeter of the fabric and a welded closed
'marine" stainless steel "D" ring at each corner.
F. The structural integrity shall be verified and the necessary ground fixing requirements to
guarantee stability need to be fulfilled.
G. Stainless steel toggle type turnbuckles shall be used at each corner to ensure optimum
tension is achieved and to allow for free movement and avoid metal fatigue.
H. The structural support shall be factory painted powder coated steel circular columns.
Column size to be determined based on manufacturer input. Colour to Engineers
approval.
I. A mock-up is to be provided by the Contractor, referring to the detailed drawing for
mock-up area.
3.2.4 Benches
A. The Contractor shall provide both rectangular and curved benches at locations shown on
the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer
B. Contractor shall submit all details, drawings, dimensions etc for the Engineers approval.
C. Materials shall include cast aluminium frames, aluminium planking, stainless steel
frames and planking, timber planking, powder coated galvanized mild steel, anodized
aluminium or concrete, as shown on the drawings or alternatively approved by the
Engineer. All hardware shall be stainless steel of approved grade.
D. Benches circular and rectangular as detailed on Drawings shall comply with the
following:
a. Minimum 30mm thick hardwood bench slats, teak or similar approved, to
conform to BS5756 strength class 8/D60 or above.
b. Lengths as shown on detailed drawings.
c. Fixings: approved stainless steel 316L.
d. Concrete base to be pre drilled for fixings.
e. Slats to be directly fixed to concrete base with minimum 4no. fixings per slat.
f. Fixings to be recessed below a hardwood plug to deter vandal access.
g. Timber to be supplied finished with 2 coats of microporous woodstain
(Sandolin or similar approved) to enhance their natural appearance.
h. Timber to match timber clad steel litter bins.
i. FSC certified timber.
3.2.5 Litter Bins

A. The Contractor shall provide Litter Bins at location shown on the drawings or as
directed by the Engineer, which shall comply with the following:
a. Hardwood teak or similar approved timber slats per litter bin- 34x63x650mm.

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b. To BS5756 strength class 8/D60 or above.
c. Fixings: approved stainless steel 316L.
d. Timber to be supplied finished with 2 coats of microporous woodstain
(Sandolin or similar approved) to enhance their natural appearance.
e. FSC certified timber.
f. Bins to be securely bolted to ground surface.
g. Fire proof construction.

3.2.6 Collapsible Bollards

A. The Contractor shall provide collapsible bollards at location shown on the drawings or
as directed by the Engineer, which shall comply with the following:
a. The Contractor shall provide collapsible type steel bollards, metal graf
painted (anthracite colour/ to comply with DOT requirements).
b. All moving parts to be s/steel.
c. Mechanism to be solid, vandal proof and lockable hinge to be s/steel and of
high quality.
d. Sub base material thickness - 150 mm pedestrian / 300mm vehicular areas.
Refer to Road Design Drawings for sub base details.

3.2.7 Lighting Bollards

A. The Contractor shall provide lighting bollards at location shown on the drawings or as
directed by the Engineer, which shall comply with the following:
a. Satin finish; durable powdercoat finish, black.
b. 70w, ip54.
c. Diameter as per Electrical Engineers Specification.
d. Fluorescent lamps.
e. Fixtures can be specified- with a symmetrical lighting pattern or with a 180
perforated shield.
f. Standard and custom shields to be made available.
g. Security bollard option features internal security core to protect against
vehicle infringement.
h. UL and C-UL listed for wet locations.

3.3 Garden and Lawn Edging
A. The Contractor shall supply approved edging to the Engineers details and
manufactures specifications, subject to the Engineers approval.
B. Contractor shall place either a 200mm wide mowing strip edging in areas where grass
meets with gravel, sand, planting formed by approved clay pavers including concrete
haunching as specified and shown on drawings or polyethylene edging- with heavy
duty poly stake & top bead. Refer to Engineers drawings for details.
C. The Contractor shall provide a 200mm wide gravel strip between pavement and
groundcover or planting areas as specified and shown on the drawings.
D. The Contractor shall provide edging which shall be a durable material such as heel
kerb or soldier course of pavers, plastic polyethylene edging retaining strips shall not
be acceptable.
E. Rubble/stone edging to be used as shown on drawings to edge gravel areas so gravel
retained.

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3.4 Rocks and Stones
3.4.1 General
A. The Contractor shall be responsible for the supply, sourcing, delivery and storage of
natural rocks, seating rocks, gravel, limestone and other rock work as specified and
associated with this Contract.
B. Samples of each type of rock work shall be supplied to the Engineer for approval.
C. Yellow, locally sourced stone (Hatta Rhada stone):

Large Rocks
Length
Width

Min 750mm
Min 500mm

Max 1500mm
Max 1000mm
Medium Rocks
Length
Width

Min 500mm
Min 250mm

Max 1000mm
Max 750mm
Small Rocks
Length
Width

Min 250mm
Min 250mm

Max 500mm
Max 500mm
Pebbles Min 100 max 250 mm round
Gravel (small) 10-20mm angular, max. 5% fines
Gravel (large) 30-50mm angular, max. 5% fines

D. If specified, the Contractor shall supply minimum 25% of the rocks as large dimension
rocks (l = 750, w = 2500) the other 50% shall consist of medium size rocks. 25% shall
consist of small size rocks with a selection of pebbles and gravel in between the min and
max dimensions given to achieve a natural appearance.
E. Rocks, pebbles, and gravel used along lagoon edge to make up slopes shall be selected
and placed to create a natural appearance. They shall be graded in size to appear natural.
They shall be angular, in various sizes and suitable for use as lagoon siding/edging
material.
F. Limestone is a sedimentary rock chiefly composed of the mineral calcite (calcium
carbonate), but may contain small amounts of clay, silt, and dolomite.
G. The crushed limestone shall be obtained from an approved source, shall be free from
sand, roots and other foreign material, and shall not contain oversize capstone or an
excessive proportion of fine grained material.
3.5 Compacted Gravel Pavement
3.5.1 General
A. Compacted gravel areas for pedestrian use shall be in accordance with the project
documentation.
B. All gravel for use shall be approved by the Engineer. Gravel shall be obtained from an
approved source and shall be free from sand and other inconsistencies. The material shall
be clean and washed and of high standard. A sample shall be supplied to the Engineer for
approval.
C. Gravel shall be in accordance with the project documentation or instruction by the
Engineer.
D. Color of gravel shall be consistent through the continued supply to an area. The supplied
material shall be the same as the sample provided for approval. If the supplied material
differs from the sample, the Contractor shall replace as directed by the Engineer at the
Contractors expense.

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3.6 Burned Clay Pavers
3.6.1 General
A. The Contractor shall submit sufficient product and material information to the Engineer,
prior to purchase in order to verify compliance with the Specifications.
B. Such information shall include at least the following for approval, unless otherwise
required by the Engineer:
a. Suppliers name
b. Product name
c. Detailed product description
d. Manufacturers technical data
e. Storage instructions
f. Relevant test results of all materials specified
g. Reference list and previous approvals
h. Installation instructions
i. Testing procedures and frequencies
j. QA / QC procedures.
C. Samples shall be supplied for at least the following products or as requested by the
Engineer.
a. Clay Paving Blocks incl. manufacturers test sheets with each consignment.
b. Sub-grade and sub-base material incl. details of proposed source for approval and
recent test results
c. Bedding Sand incl. details of proposed source for approval and recent test results
d. Jointing Sand details of proposed source for approval and recent test results
D. The Contractor shall submit for the Engineers approval a detailed method Statement incl.
at least the following:
a. Qualification of personnel
b. Method of laying and compaction of sub-base and bedding sand
c. Method of surface preparations and compaction
d. Method of mixing and preparation of mortar bedding (if applicable)
e. Method of pavers installation
f. Proposed patterns and layout
g. Edge details
h. Testing procedures
i. Related shop drawings
E. If requested by the Engineer, the Contractor shall carry out a mock-up of 15 - 20 m2
showing preparation of substrata, installation procedure, proposed pattern, range of
shades, colour, and texture of pavers, edge details etc.
F. The mock-up shall be carried out by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Client.
G. The accepted mock-up may become part of the work.
H. The Contractor shall deliver a guarantee of 30 years from the final acceptance of the
works (FAC) for all the burned clay pavers materials.
I. Pavers to be supplied with and without chamfered edges. Chamfered edges shall not be
used on bicycle track paving.
3.6.2 Delivery, Storage and Handling
A. Delivery, storage and handling shall be according to the manufacturers
recommendations.
B. Transportation, handling and storage shall at all times be performed in a manner to avoid
product damage.
C. Only nylon slings shall be allowed for lifting products. Steel chains, clamps or cables shall
not be allowed for lifting purposes.
D. Steel chains or cables may be allowed for securing products during transport or storage
provided protective padding or timber blocking is utilized.
E. Products shall not be stored directly on ground.
F. The Contractor ensure adequate timber blocking is utilized to provide sufficient support.

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G. Where product manufacturer recommends storage under controlled temperatures, the
Contractor shall provide an enclosed, insulated, cool store maintained at the appropriate
temperature 24 hours a day.
H. The Contractor shall visually inspect all products upon delivery and report any damage to
the Engineer.
I. Any products damaged during delivery, storage or installation shall be marked by the
Contractor and set aside.
J. Proposals for repair of any damaged products shall be submitted in writing to the
Engineer for approval.
K. No repairs to damaged products shall be attempted without the Engineers approval.
L. Any damaged products deemed unsuitable for repair by the Engineer shall be removed
from site and replaced at the Contractors expense.
M. The Contractor shall deliver materials and products in factory labelled packages
indicating name, brand, type, size, colour, production date and expiry date where
applicable.
N. The Contractor shall sequence deliveries to avoid project delays and to permit
appropriate co-ordination of the work.
O. Each delivery shall also be accompanied by copies of the In-house certification and
reports on the testing relevant to the batches delivered.
P. Originals or certified copies of these documents shall be transmitted to the Consultant
responsible for supervision of construction for the Government, on delivery of pavers to
the site.
Q. No pavers shall be laid on site until the Consultant receives and approves the aforesaid
documentation.
R. The Consultant shall be notified 24 hours in advance of pending pavers deliveries. No
truck shall be off-loaded until inspected by the Consultant. At the Consultant's option, test
samples may be taken from the load truck and immediately checked at the site lab, prior
to permission to off-load. At the Consultant discretion, truck loads, may be rejected based
on visual and immediate test observations.
S. Approval by the Consultant to offload the pavers does not otherwise approve the pavers
pending results of the manufacture, independent and site laboratory testing and
appropriate performance handling and installation.
3.6.3 Properties
A. Pavers shall provide a hardwearing and durable surface withstanding heat, caustic
solutions and acid.
B. Pavers shall be colorfast and shall not fade due to effects of weathering.
C. Pavers shall repel oil and fuel.
D. Pavers shall have chamfers and be durable in color.
E. The dimensions shall be as specified, complying with tolerances as per the Specifications.
F. Edge stones shall be prefabricated type or neatly cut to fit.
G. Broken pavers or pavers with damaged edges shall not be accepted.
H. Depending on the future load conditions, the suitable, load-bearing pavers shall be used,
subject to the approval of the Engineer.
I. The Dimensions shall comply with the following tolerances when tested in accordance with
EN 1344:
Description Requirement
Average deviation of 10 samples Max. 0.4 * (NOMINAL VALUE)
0.5
(in mm for all directions)
Deviation range of 10 samples Max. 0.6 * (NOMINAL VALUE)
0.5
(in mm for all directions)

J. Depth and/ or width of chamfers shall not exceed 7mm.
K. The transverse breaking load shall comply with the following requirements when tested in
accordance with EN 1344, Annex D:
Average of 10 samples 80 N/mm (Standard)
Individual strength Min. 64 N/mm (Standard)

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L. The abrasion resistance shall comply with the following requirements when tested in
accordance with EN 1344, Annex E:
Average abrasion in mm
3
of 2 measurements
on each of 5 samples as per EN 1344
Max. Volume: 450 mm
3

M. The skid resistance shall comply with the following requirements when tested in
accordance with EN 1344, Annex F:
Average SRT value of 2 measurements on
each of 5 samples as per EN 1344
Min. 60

N. Compressive Strength of clay paving blocks shall be average min. 80 N/mm2 and
individual min. 70 N/mm2 when measured in accordance with DIN-EN 18503.
O. The transverse strength of clay paving blocks shall be 10 MPa or more when measured in
accordance with BS EN 10545 Part 4.
P. The crossing strength of clay paving blocks shall be 80 MPa or more when measured in
accordance with BS EN 10545 Part 4.
Q. Bending Tensile Strength of clay paving blocks shall be average min. 10 N/mm2 and
individual min. 8 N/mm2 when measured in accordance with DIN-EN 18503.
R. Water absorption of clay paving blocks shall not exceed 4% by mass when measured in
accordance with DIN-EN 18503.
A. The relative density of clay paving blocks shall be average min. 2.00 g/cm
3
and individual
min. 1.90 g/cm
3
when measured in accordance with DIN-EN 18503.
3.7 Sub Grade
A. The grading of the mix shall conform to the following limits:

ASTM Sieve Percent Passing
1" 100
3/4" 80 - 100
3/8" 70 - 100
No.4 50 - 90
No.10 40 - 80
No.40 20 60
No.200 5 - 20

The physical properties of the mix shall be as follows:

Max. dry density 1.85 g/cc (min.)
Liquid limit 15% (max.)
Plasticity Index 6% (max.)
CBR Value Min. 25% at 90% compaction
3.8 Base Course
A. The grading of the mix shall conform to the following limits:

ASTM Sieve Percent Passing
2" 100
3/4" 80 - 100
3/8" 60 - 90
No.4 45 - 72
No.10 30 - 54

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No.40 10 34
No.200 5 - 12

The physical properties of the mix shall be as follows:

Max. dry density 2.07 g/cc (min.)
Liquid limit 25% (max.)
Plasticity Index 6% (max.)
Sand Equivalent 25% (min.)
Loss by abrasion 40 maximum

B. The soaked CBR Value of the mix shall not be less than 60% corresponding to 100% of
the relevant max. dry density when determined by ASTM standard method D-18836-61
applying 10, 25, 56 blows on three different samples. The samples shall be soaked for
period of four days in water and tested immediately afterwards.
3.9 Bedding Course
A. The bedding course shall consist of sand with a particle size of 0-4mm containing not
more then 3% silt plus clay by weight.
B. The sand shall be obtained from a single source, allowed to drain before use and shall be
covered with suitable sheeting to minimize moisture changes.
C. Sand brushed or washed in the joints for flexible pavement shall be sweet dune sand of
approved source suitable to fill the joints, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
3.10 Mortar for Rigid Installation of Pavers
A. When fixing clay pavers rigidly, the mortar for bedding and jointing shall have a
sufficiently low permeability and adequate cement content.
B. In general, 1:3 Cement / Sand mixes shall be used.
C. The use of plasticiser shall be avoided.
D. Pavers may also be fixed by cement based adhesives, subject to the approval of the
Engineer.
3.11 Joint Filler
A. Movement joints in rigid pavement shall be installed as specified and required by the
Engineer.
B. Materials shall comply with the pavers suppliers recommendation, subject to the approval
of the Engineer.
C. The movement joint, 10mm wide, shall consist of the following:
a. A compressible back-up material of polyethylene foam
b. A barrier to prevent the sealant sticking to the back up material.
c. An extensible tack-free sealant, waterproof and flexible, two part polysulfide and
silicone rubber.
3.12 Manufacturer's Plant, Production & Quality Procedures
A. All pavers shall be produced strictly in accordance with the requirements of the
Specifications and its stipulations. The plant, materials, equipment and method of
manufacture shall be provisionally approved by the Engineer prior to actual production of
the pavers.
B. Pavers shall be manufactured using the materials and proportions approved at the time of
provisional approval of the facility.
C. Each batch shall have affixed a label giving the batch identification number the date of
casting and the date.

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D. Pavers shall be clearly identified by fixing a tag to each and every bundle/batch indelibly
marked as specified.
E. The manufacturer shall provide, install and operate a permanent material laboratory at the
site of manufacturing of the pavers fully equipped and staffed with qualified Quality Control
manpower to undertake all tests as required and necessary to assure compliance with the
Specifications and this procedure.
F. The aforesaid test laboratory shall perform independent random testing of the pavers at
the manufacturer's site. All test results shall be kept on file and provided to the Engineer
on request.
G. The Engineer shall have the right and shall be allowed to use the test laboratory.
H. All suppliers of materials used in the manufacture of the pavers shall provide the following
certifications for all deliveries to the manufacturer:
I. Certification of the supplier that the materials delivered meets the applicable
Specifications.
J. Latest and current certification of tests conducted by an approved independent testing
company on materials at the supplier's source. Such certifications shall confirm that
materials at the supplier source are compliant with the Specifications and that testing by
the independent testing company is being carried out on at least a monthly basis.
K. Originals or certified copies of these certifications shall be provided to the Client, Engineer
and Contractor on a monthly basis.
3.13 Play Structures and Playground
3.13.1 General
A. The Contractor shall guarantee the material and installation for a minimum period of ten
years from the date of final acceptance of all work (FAC). The Contractor shall provide an
indemnification from the manufacturer of the play structures or equipment supplied and
installed by the Contractor wherein the manufacturer shall indemnify and save harmless
the Client from and against all claims, demands, loss, costs, damages, actions, suits or
other proceedings by whomsoever made, brought or prosecuted in any manner based
upon, occasioned by, or attributed to, the design of the overall configuration, components
and the structural details of said creative play structures for the life of the creative play
structures. "Life" shall mean until such time as material alterations are made to the overall
creative play structures design.
B. The Contractor will be responsible for the cost of replacements at each site of components
or work vandalized prior to preliminary acceptance (PAC) by the Engineer of all work at
that site.
3.13.2 Approved Equipment
A. The Contractor shall supply and install play structures and stand-alone equipment as
supplied by approved pre-qualified manufacturers in accordance with EN ISO 9001 quality
standards.
B. The equipment shall bear the stamp TV-GS (Safety-tested by the Technical Control
board of Rhineland, Germany) or equivalent.
C. Materials shall be supplied from a manufacturer who has successfully completed the
review and pre-qualification process. Lapsett or similar approved.
D. All materials are to be delivered to the site free from any damage and are to be installed as
soon as possible after delivery.
E. The Engineer reserves the right to reject any equipment which in his/her opinion is sub-
standard.
F. All delivered and installed not conforming structures shall be replaced or made to conform
at the Contractor's expense.
G. All approved playground equipment supplied under Contract shall abide by and comply
with the true intent and meaning of the structural certifications and shall not relieve the
Contractor of their responsibilities to provide playground equipment and installations to the
full extent of sound and appropriate engineering practice and construction standards.

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H. All additional submittals and required documentation relating to the suppliers products and
Contractor installations acquired under Contract shall also meet the same structural and
design standards referenced above and practiced in the industry.
I. The Engineer bears no responsibility for the structural correctness of the approved design
standards and it is the responsibility of the Contractor and the supplier to ensure and
employ appropriate, sound engineering practice and construction standards in the
execution of the work to be complete in every respect.
J. Safety to EN1176
3.13.3 Wooden Equipment
A. All wooden equipment shall be of first class, fine-grained quality. Wood shall be obtained
from certified forests accepted by the worldwide Program of Forest Certification Schemes
(PEFC).
B. Wood shall be pressure treated and protected by arsenic-free and chrome-free agents
C. Laminated wood shall be bonded with weatherproof polyurethane glue and lacquered with
laminated wood lacquer. Wood shall be protected against ultraviolet radiation and blue
fungi.
D. Plywood boards shall be coated with weatherproof two-component alkyd-amino resistant
resin paint. Floor boards shall have anti-skid surface. Thickness of elements shall be of a
high pressure laminate 6 to 10mm thick.
3.13.4 Metal Components
A. All metal hardware shall be hot dipped galvanized or cadmium plated and shall be of
heavy duty construction. All exposed hardware and all bolts shall be stainless steel 316,
including swing chains and brackets.
B. Posts shall be mounted in hot-dipped, galvanized steel coated shoes with double coal-tar
epoxy coatings. The vertical breaking strength of steel footings shall be no less than
60,000 N (6,000kp). Bending strength shall be no less than 2,200Nm: steel feet powder
coated for sub-concrete protection.
C. Color coating is a Z-series polyester powder (based on AAMA 605.2 Standard), or
alternative to retain a maximum of 5.0 Delta E units (unit used to measure retention) after
5 years of use.
D. All galvanized pipe shall be minimum 38 mm outside diameter unless otherwise noted.
Exposed ends of pipe will be flush or will have a maximum of a 19 mm extension. Exposed
ends of pipe shall be fitted with protective plastic caps.
E. Round or square tubes are made of 50W grade or A500 grade C hot rolled steel.
F. Swing bearing hangers shall be galvanized and a heavy duty standard type. The bearing
shall be maintenance free and the bearing fastener shall be pined to ensure security.
Bearing hanger assembly will not allow for inconsistencies in the end product.
G. Slides of metal construction shall be stainless steel of minimum 16 gauge thickness. No
sharp edges or corners shall be exposed. Slides of metal construction shall have centre
break/crease. Continuous weld to be used on slide bed.
H. Swing top rails shall be fabricated of minimum 6 gauge heavy duty pipe and will conform to
guarantee the structures integrity.
I. Swing chains on bench and belt swings shall be minimum 6 mm hot dipped galvanized
chain, electric welded. Swing chains on baby swings shall be minimum 5 mm hot dipped
galvanized chain, electric welded.
J. Metal stairs shall have drainage holes and have no sharp edges or corners exposed. All
stair stringers shall have folded or rounded edges.
K. Square aluminum tubes are of 6005-T5 grade aluminum. The size of the posts is
100mmx100mm. The corners are rounded at a radius of 13mm. The round tubes are
extruded to manufacturers specifications.
L. Steel structural shapes are made of 44W grade hot rolled steel. Thickness varies between
3mm and 13mm, depending on the structural qualities required by the products
characteristics.
M. Expanded metal PVC-Coated grillwork (platforms, walkways, steps) is made of expanded
steel having a 12-gage thickness, pierced with holes measuring 13mm in diameter and

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located 19mm apart. These metal parts are dipped in PVC and heat cured. Finish work on
drip points in order to eliminate risk of clothing snags.
N. For the welds, the steel component assembly requires the use of two semi-automatic
welding procedures and metal arc welding (M.I.G.): G.M.A.W. (solid wire) and F.E.A.W.
(flux colored wire) depending on the thickness of the sheet metal and the sections, the
resistance of steel (approximately 44-ksi), and the structural resistance required at the
joints.
O. The clevis for the cable and chain fastener will be made of electro galvanized steel.
3.13.5 Plastic Components
A. All plastic components shall be a minimum of 19 mm thick, high density polycarbonate or
polypropylene and formulated for high color retention, fire resistance and vandal
resistance. They shall be double wall reinforced with glass fiber and rotationally molded.
B. All plastic play elements will allow for clear site lines through the structure. Solid panels
and tubes will not be permitted.
C. High density UV-stabilized polyethylene plates 13mm 25mm thick as guard panels.
D. High density UV-stabilized polyethylene structural tube (ladder rungs), 5mm thick and with
an anti-skid finish. Longer tubes to be doubled on the inside with hot-dipped galvanized
steel tubes.
E. Hardware protecting plastic caps made of UV-stabilized, high density polyethylene.
F. Caps for the Posts (placed on the upper extremities of the posts) made of UV-stabilized,
high density polyethylene.
G. Recycled plastic in structural parts will come from the pick-up of separated plastic
containers. The material is to be made exclusively of post consumer plastics and be
treated against UV rays. Its auto-ignition temperature shall be located between 332 C and
410 and be very resistant against salt and all types of oil.
H. Rotomolded polyethylene elements for slides, roofs etc. high density UV-stabilized
polyethylene.
3.13.6 Rope Elements, Belt Swings, Springs
A. All rope and netting elements shall be of pre-stretched perlon, reinforced with steel
with a minimum breaking strength of 2200 kg. Rope diameter of rope ladders shall be
12mm: nets 16 mm, assembled with stainless steel couplers and looped at the ends
are to be fire resistant and constructed with interior steel cable.
B. Belt swings shall be heavy duty vandal proof molded bench seat swings. The entire
bench shall be completely inlaid with spring steel and molded rubber shall extend
minimum 13 mm all around the spring steel.
C. The Engineer reserves the right to choose the seat type on a site by site basis.
D. The chains for belt swings shall be minimum 6 mm hot dipped galvanized chains,
electric welded.
E. Baby swings shall be a heavy duty belt type swing with chromed safety T-bar. When
deformed, seats shall not take on a kink.
F. The chains for baby swings shall be minimum 5 mm hot-dipped galvanized chain,
electric welded or approved equal.
G. Spring animals shall be pre-qualified and of heavy duty metal bodies on a spring
assembly. All edges are to be rounded. All assemblies are to be tamper proof. Spring
animals will be set into minimum 300 mm diameter concrete footing poured to a depth
of 1219 mm below sub grade.
3.13.7 Fasteners and Accessories
A. A limited number of fastener types are to be used and all fasteners are to be tamper proof
and vandal resistant.
B. All metal hardware shall be hot dipped galvanized, cadmium plated or equivalent and shall
be of heavy duty construction.
C. All threaded bolts and fasteners are be treated with a colored locking compound and be
peen hammered to prevent removal. Excess thread to be removed and cut filed smooth.

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D. The Contractor will provide 1 set of any special tools per playground which may be
required for providing ongoing maintenance to any components.
E. The Contractor shall provide 2 copies of installation instructions or drawings and parts
catalogues in accordance with the format required in the Contract documents.
F. The Contractor shall provide a repair kit for each of the playgrounds installed which will
include but, not be limited to:
a. approved fibreglass repair kit where fibreglass components are used;
b. spare parts hardware and respective tool for removal,
c. Appropriate quantities of touch-up paint.
3.13.8 Play Surface
A. All materials shall comply with British Standard BS7188, Head Impact Criteria EN1177
and American Society of Testing Materials ASTM F1292, for Critical Fall Height.
B. Surfacing is to be water permeable and slip resistant.
C. Product shall be from a certified source, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
D. Play surface (wet pour): 2 layers- base layer of course 20mm mesh black granules made
from recycled tyre rubber, and a coloured top layer of much finer EPDM rubber granules-
intimately interlocked to give the surface its strength. Wet pour play tarmac at a depth of
40mm-140mm depending on critical fall height (CFH) see Note A, on compacted
foundation surface.

Note A: Thickness of wet pour play tarmac is determined by CFH as follows:

CFH in
meters
<1.3 1.3-1.4 1.4-1.6 1.6-2.0 2.0-2.5 2.5-3.0
Thickness in
mm
40 50 60 80 100 140
All thicknesses to be verified with Manufacturer.

3.13.8.1 General
A. The Contractor shall have approved Supplier supply, deliver, place and install play
surface (wet pour) within the playground perimeter to required depth based on
CFH measured at any point within the perimeter .See 3.13.8 Play Surface above.
B. The Contractor shall coordinate works in this section with work in all other
sections.
C. The Contractor shall supervise and safeguard all work in this section until final
acceptance (FAC).
D. When requested, the Contractor and supplier shall make arrangements for
inspection of the material at the source by the Engineer.
E. Documentation from the source as to the material sold, quantity, destination, etc.
shall be made available to the Engineer within 72 hours of a request.
F. Samples of the material from the source shall be made available at the
Contractor's expense, to the Engineer within 24 hours of a request.
G. The Contractor shall co-ordinate all truck and equipment traffic so as not to
impede the daily use of park, walkway or street.
H. The Contractor will be responsible for any damage to public or private property.
I. Sand will be stored so as to not impede the daily use of park, walkway or street
and in such a way as to avoid contamination.
J. The Contractor is to supply a sample of the wet pour tarmac in various colours
proposed Control prior to installation for Engineers approval.
K. If the installed tarmac is not installed adequately the Contractor will be responsible
for removing the failed material from the site and replacing it with approved

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material. All damage to the site and park equipment, as a result of removal, will be
reinstated by the Contractor.
L. Test costs borne by the Client of material found to be substandard shall be
charged against the Contractor.
M. The surface of the playground area is subject to approval of the Municipality.
3.13.9 Signs and Markings
A. Playgrounds should have a sign with the following information:
- General emergency telephone number.
- Telephone number to contact maintenance personnel.
- Name and address of the playground.

B. Product labelling
- Labels should be fastened to correct products.

C. Basic level mark
- There should be at least one basic level mark in the product, which allows checking
correct installation height.

3.14 Turf
3.14.1 General
A. The extent of synthetic turf work shall be carried out as shown on the Drawings.
B. Synthetic Turf work includes, but is not limited to, the following:
a. A complete synthetic turf system, consisting of a vertical draining gravel blanket and
nominal 5cm long polyethylene-blended fiber, tufted into a single, dimensionally stable,
three component primary backing with a secondary backing consisting of a minimum
of 20 ounces of urethane per square yard.
b. A resilient infill system, consisting of a mixture of rubber granules and rounded or non-
angular silica sand.
c. Tufted in game lines and perimeter lines per drawings. Remaining required game
marking shall be permanently inlaid or painted as per drawings, direction of Engineer.
d. Pre-manufactured porous underpad
e. Edge details
f. Maintenance manual
g. Written min. 8-year warranty
h. Striping and seaming plan: Striping plan; layouts for the sports as shown on the
drawings showing any field lines, logos, markings and boundaries
i. Train field maintenance personnel in appropriate care maintenance procedures
j. Synthetic Turf Contractor and Contractor to coordinate to make sure goal posts are
adjusted to achieve 10 ft. height above finished playing surface
C. The Contract shall provide all materials, labor, equipment and services required to
accomplish related work in accordance with the drawings and specifications.
D. The turf shall be specifically designed, manufactured, and installed for the intended
sports and events. Typically sports include, but are not limited to, football. At the time
of substantial completion, the system's shock attenuation shall have an average G-
Max value less than 110 if an underpad is used and less than 135 if an underpad is
not used based on ASTM-F355A. At no time shall the G-Max value exceed 140 for a
padded system and 170 for a non-padded system throughout the life of the warranty.
E. Copies of independent laboratory test reports on system or components:
a. ASTM D 792 Specific Gravity
b. ASTM D 1335 Tuft Bind
c. ASTM D 5034 Grab Breaking Strength
d. ASTM D 418 Pile Height, Tuft Spacing, Face Weight and Total Weight
e. ASTM D 2859 Flammability (Pill test)
f. ASTM F 1551 Shoe Traction

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g. ASTM F 1551 Water Permeability
h. ASTM F 1015 Abrasive Index
F. Prior to Final Acceptance, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer a copy their
maintenance manuals. The manual will include all necessary instructions for the
appropriate care and maintenance of the newly installed synthetic turf system.
3.14.2 Submittals and Warranty
A. The Contractor shall submit the following for Engineers approval prior to the ordering
of materials.
B. Material Certificates and Samples: Provide a copy for each material from material
producer that will be used for this project. Each material certificate shall be stamped
and checked as approved by the Synthetic Turf Contractor before submittal to the
Engineer.
C. Provide to the Engineer materials samples of the following: one (1) pint each of rubber
and sand infill material, two (2) 30cm x 30cm samples of synthetic turf carpet and color
yarn samples.
D. Submit one (1) 30cm x 30cm sample of 10mm rubber underpad with product data
sheet if owner chooses this alternate.
E. Submittals: Prior to order of materials, the Contractor shall submit a sample warranty,
seam layout plan, striping plan and any details of construction which deviate from the
plans and specifications.
F. Three (3) copies of manufacturer's recommended maintenance equipment cut sheets.
G. Provide a qualified installation foreman to coordinate and review the component parts
of the synthetic turf system. Submit a resume of experience for Engineers approval
prior to starting work.
H. Rubber/Sand Filled Synthetic Turf:
a. Factory-trained technicians skilled in the installation of athletic-caliber infilled synthetic
turf systems will undertake the placement of the turf. Special brushing equipment and
techniques will be used in the installation.
b. The designated installation crew shall have installed a minimum of ten high quality,
stadium grade rubber/sand filled synthetic turf systems of 65,000 square feet or
greater in the past three years.
c. A letter from the turf manufacturer that the installation crew and foreman are factory
certified shall be submitted prior to the start of turf installation.
I. The Synthetic Turf Contractor shall meet the following criteria:
a. The turf manufacturer and the Synthetic Turf Contractor shall be experienced in the
manufacturing and installation of this type of artificial turf system and provide project
references of the synthetic grass system being installed at 10 similar exterior sites in
the last 3 years, a minimum of 65,000 square feet each.
b. The Synthetic Turf Contractor shall provide competent workmen skilled in this type of
artificial turf installation. The designated Supervisory personnel on the project shall be
certified, in writing by the turf manufacturer, as competent in the installation of this
material, including gluing or sewing seams and appropriate installation of the infill
mixture. The manufacturer shall have a qualified job foreman on site to certify the
installation and warranty compliance.
J. The Contractor shall submit its Manufacturer's Warranty, which warrants the usability
and playability of the artificial turf system for its intended uses for a minimum of an
eight (8) year period commencing with the date of Substantial Completion. The
warranty coverage shall not be prorated nor place limits on the amount of the field's
usage. A 3rd party insured warranty from an A-Rated domestic insurance carrier is
required in addition to the manufacturer's warranty.
K. The Contractor's warranty shall have the following characteristics:
a. Provide full coverage for a minimum of ten years from the date of Final Acceptance
(FAC).
b. Warrant materials and workmanship.
c. Warrant that the materials installed meet or exceed the product specifications.
d. Repair or replace such portions of the installed materials that are no longer
serviceable to maintain a serviceable and playable surface.

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e. Be from a single source covering workmanship and all materials.
f. Assure the availability of exact or substantially the same replacement materials for the
artificial turf system installed for the full warranty period.
g. Include general wear and damage caused from UV degradation. The warranty shall
specifically exclude vandalism and acts of God beyond the control of the manufacturer
or installer.
h. Cover defects in the installation and workmanship. Assure the installation was done in
accordance with both the manufacturer's recommendations and any written directives
of the manufacturer's on-site representative.
i. Shall be limited to repair or replacement of the affected areas, (unless the field fails to
meet the required G-Max rating in which case proceed to 1.01, D) at the option of the
manufacturer, and shall include all necessary materials, labor, transportation costs,
etc. to complete said repairs.
L. The Contractor may be required upon the request of the Client to provide a list of three
clients that they have completed after the sale warranty work for.
M. All designs, game markings, and layouts shall conform to all currently applicable game
rules and regulations, or league specific requirements, depending on what applies.
N. All components and their installation method shall be designed and manufactured for
use on outdoor athletic fields. The materials as hereinafter specified, shall withstand
full climatic exposure in the location of the field, be resistant to insect infestation, rot,
fungus and mildew; it shall also withstand ultra-violet rays and extreme heat, it shall
allow the free flow of water horizontally to perimeter areas and vertically to the gravel
blanket and into the field drainage system below the surface.
O. The adhesive bonded or sewn seams of all system components shall provide a
permanent, tight, secure, and hazard free athletic playing surface. All inlaid markings
(game lines, logos, etc.) shall remain in place throughout the duration of the warranty
period.
P. The installed synthetic turf system's drainage capability shall allow water flow through
the system at a rate of not less than 50cm per hour.

4 Execution
4.1 General
A. Unless otherwise specified in the Specifications, the Contractor shall execute the works as
specified hereinafter.
B. Prior to commencing work, the Contractor shall submit a method statement compliant with
relevant Sections of the Tender Documents, describing all materials, fabrication, erection
and installation of all hard landscape and site furniture items.
C. The Contractor shall coordinate hardscape of landscape areas with road works and all
other infrastructure and related works.
D. Samples shall be provided unless otherwise agreed with the Engineer.
E. Edging to be installed at areas as indicated on the drawings and as approved by the
Engineer.
F. All landscape furniture shall be installed to the positions indicated on the drawings in
accordance with the manufacturers recommendations and requirements and as
G. The Contractor shall only begin installation after all other associated surfacing and
fixtures have been completed.
H. Flag poles are to be installed to the positions indicated on the drawings in accordance
with the manufacturers recommendations and requirements.
I. All fastenings shall be galvanized and in accordance with the Structural Engineer s
details.
J. Flag poles are to be installed in a massed concrete footing in accordance with
approved structural engineering details.

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4.2 Maintenance
A. Cleaning shall be performed in accordance with the agreed schedule.
B. Hard landscape paved areas shall be free from dirt, fallen date fruit, chewing gum, sand,
etc.
C. After installation the contractor shall not clean pavers before the manufactures
recommended drying time or until pavers and mortar are dry.
D. Clean soiled surfaces using an approved cleaning solution.
E. Do not harm pavers, joint materials, or adjacent surfaces.
F. Use non-metallic tools in cleaning operations.
G. Rinse surfaces with clean water.
H. If paving is set with sand joints broom clean paving surfaces.
I. Dispose of excess sand and make good adjoining surfaces.
J. Clean soiled surfaces using cleaning solution.
K. Do not harm pavers, joint materials, or adjacent surfaces.
L. Use only approved cleaning products.
M. Broom clean paving surfaces. Dispose of excess sand.
N. Repair broken or replace missing paving segments with similar material.
O. The entire landscape area shall be kept free of blown sand, construction rubbish and litter
free. The disposal of unwanted objects shall be made on a daily basis to keep the Contract
area and surroundings clean and presentable. The Contractor shall follow the Method
Statement approved by the Engineer for carrying out any hard landscape operations and
maintenance.
P. The Contractor shall keep the landscape areas clean and tidy at all times and dispose of
all waste materials arising from the cleaning. This shall include all pathways and hard
landscape areas as well as play areas within the scope of works. If any large items are
dumped or abandoned within the Contract Area, the contractor shall either remove
these at his own expense or contact the owner or responsible authority to remove the
items as quickly as possible.
Q. Adjust and check play equipment according to defined program.
R. The Contractor shall follow the Method Statement approved by the Engineer for carrying
out any hard landscape operations.
4.3 Clay Pavers
4.3.1 General
A. All paving work to be executed by specialist, trained personnel or specialist sub-contractor,
B. Clay pavers shall be laid to the required levels on substrate materials as specified.
C. The unit-paving pattern shall be generated by the unit selection, as specified and shown in
the drawings.
D. In order to obtain the satisfactory blend of the varying shades, the Contractor shall work
from several packs at a time since there might be natural variation of shade in each pack.
E. For existing pattern, replacement shall adhere to local patterns, subject to the approval of
the Engineer.
F. The performance of the flexible paving depends largely on the quality of the preparation of
the various base layers.
G. A subsoil drainage system shall be installed as specified in order to prevent the water table
or accumulated irrigation water rising to within 60cm of the pavement surface.
H. It is usually not necessary to provide a road-base layer. In case pavement is subject to
heavy, highly channelised or turning vehicular traffic, road base layer shall be installed as
instructed and agreed with the Engineer.
I. Verify substrate is ready to support pavers and imposed loads in accordance with relevant
standards.
J. Verify gradients and elevations of substrate are correct.

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4.3.2 Sub-Grade
A. The material and compaction of sub-grade shall be as per applicable regulations of the
concerned Authority.
B. The sub-grade shall be prepared to enable the required construction levels to be
achieved.
C. The sub-grade shall obtain a minimum of 95% compaction of the relevant max. dry
density.
D. The surface of the sub-grade shall be smooth, shaped in accordance with the project
elevations and a tolerance of +2 cm in all directions.
A. The acceptance of the sub-grade shall be subjected to the approval of the Engineer after
carrying out the density tests in place by sand cone method (AASTTO T-191).
E. Required numbers of the density test shall depend upon the area and the dimensions of
the paving.
4.3.3 Granular Sub-Base
A. The material and compaction of granular sub-base shall be as per applicable regulations
of the concerned Authority and as specified.
B. Mixing of the material from different sources shall be carried out by motor graders in open
place.
C. Thickness of sub-base layer shall not be less than 15 cm. Final thickness of layer shall be
subject to the approval of the Engineer.
D. Water at the rate of +/- 1% from optimum moisture content may be added during mixing
operation. The premixed material shall be laid over the smooth surface of sub-grade.
E. Sub-base more than 20 cm in thickness shall be laid and compacted in layers.
F. The layers of sub-base shall be thoroughly compacted to obtain 100% compaction of the
relevant max. dry density.
G. The surface of the sub-base shall be smooth, shaped in accordance with the project
elevations with a tolerance of 1 cm in all directions.
H. The acceptance of sub-base layer shall be subjected to the approval of the Engineer after
carrying out the density tests in place by sand cone method (AASTTO T-191).
I. Required numbers of the density test shall depend upon the area and the dimensions of
the paving.
4.3.4 Flexible Installation of Clay Pavers
4.3.4.1 Bedding Course
A. The bedding course shall be laid to a compacted depth of 50 mm.
B. The sand shall be uniform in moisture content.
C. The sand shall be spread in a loose compacted layer to a depth equal to the finished
compacted thickness.
D. The sand then shall be compacted using appropriate machinery to obtain 100%
compaction of the relevant max. dry density unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
E. A further thin layer of loose sand shall be spread and carefully screeded to form a smooth
compacted surface to receive the paving blocks.
F. The profile of the bedding course before compaction shall be similar to that of the finished
surface. The maximum deviation from the design levels shall be 0.5 mm.
G. The edge restraints to the paved area shall be laid in advance of the bedding course.
H. When paving larger areas, only up to 40m
2
shall be prepared in advance of laying the
pavers.
I. Areas prepared in advance shall be protected against the effects of inclement weather,
and shall not be left overnight unless they can safely be left undisturbed.
4.3.4.2 Installation
A. The Contractor shall verify that substrate is level, smooth and capable of supporting
pavers and imposed loads.
B. Pavers shall be laid by hand, commencing from a straight starting edge or string line on
the prepared bedding course.

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C. The pavers shall be placed neatly to each other but shall not touch each other.
D. The joints between pavers shall not exceed 3 mm, but at least 2 mm to allow full sand
penetration.
E. The paving shall be laid on the bedding course in such a manner as not to disturb the
pavers already laid.
F. To supply the working edge, pavers selected from different packs shall be carried over
the new work, not the bedding course.
G. Paving shall be bounded by edge restraints to prevent the lateral spread of units, loss of
interlock, and to prevent the bedding course sand seeping away. Edge restraints are
subject to the approval by the Engineer.
H. Edge restraints shall be sufficiently robust to withstand over-riding by vehicles where this
is likely.
I. The Contractor shall carefully plan the layout and undertake trials if required in order to
find the most economic layout with the least amount of cutting.
J. Spaces, which require less than a third of a paver shall be avoided by appropriate
planning.
K. Pavers shall be cut using a disc cutter with either standard masonry or diamond discs.
For precise work, a bench mounted power saw shall be used for cutting.
L. Dimensional accuracy, uniformity of joint gaps, alignment and squareness shall be
checked after laying the first three rows of pavers and thereafter at regular intervals.
4.3.4.3 Compaction and Joint Filling
A. After each 40 m, or such area that has been agreed with the Engineer, has been laid,
approved fine, dry sand shall brushed into the joints until the joints are filled.
B. Depending on the sand, washing in the sand may be permitted, subject to the approval of
the Engineer.
C. Surplus sand shall be brushed away before the clay pavers are compacted.
D. The pavement shall be compacted to the required levels by vibrating the pavers into
position using a vibrating plate compactor.
E. The pavers shall be compacted using 2 3 passes with the plate compactor.
F. The plate compactor shall be fitted with an approved rubber sole plate to avoid surface
damage to the pavers.
G. The plate compactor shall have a plate area of at least 0.20m
2
transmitting an effective
force under the plate of 50-75 kN/m
2
at a frequency of vibration in a range of 60 100 Hz.
H. Compaction shall be carried out as soon as possible after the clay pavers have been laid,
but shall not be performed closer than 1 meter from an unrestrained edge.
I. No paving shall be left un-compacted overnight except for the 1m strips at the temporarily
unrestrained edge.
J. After the final pass of the compactor, a thin layer of fine, dry sand of approved source shall
be spread over the finished paved area.
K. The Contractor shall inspect the area at regular intervals and re-sand as required.
L. On completion, the finished surface level shall be within 5mm of the design level and
maximum deviation within the compacted surface, measured by a 3m straight edge, shall
not exceed 3mm.
M. The level of any two adjacent pavement shall not differ by more than 2mm.
N. Any areas of paving which do not comply with these tolerances shall be removed. The
bedding course adjusted and the pavers re-laid to the correct levels.
O. Any damaged or broken pavers shall not be laid. Any pavers damaged during compaction
shall be replaced at the discretion of the Engineer.
P. The Contractor shall not permit traffic over unprotected paving surfaces.
Q. The Contractor shall install notice to public and barrier for restricted access to areas
recently installed.
R. At end of each working day, or during rainy weather, the Contractor shall cover work
exposed to weather with waterproof coverings, securely anchored.

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4.3.5 Rigid Installation of Clay Pavers
4.3.5.1 Preparation
A. The base for the rigid installation of pavers shall be concrete, placed on the prepared
granular sub-base.
B. The Contractor shall verify substrate is ready to support concrete, pavers and imposed
loads.
C. The thickness of concrete layer shall not be less than 100mm, concrete Class C20P
(20N/mm), acc. to BS 5328.
D. If paved area is intended to carry heavy vehicles, a higher grade of concrete may be
necessary, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
E. Place movement joints of approved, preformed joint filler, 10mm wide, every 5 meters or
as instructed by the Engineer.
F. BS EN197 Portland Cement: Sulphate resisting, to
G. ASTM/C144 Sand: Aggregate for masonry mortar, sharp, coarse, clean, screened sand
free from deleterious material.
H. Premixed Grout Mortar: manufactured by ISO Certified Company.
I. Water: Potable and not detrimental to mortar.
J. Admixtures: Recommended by mortar manufacturer.
K. Colour: Mineral type, non-fading,
L. ASTM D 1056 Joint Filler Board.
M. NCMA - National Concrete masonry Association Precast Concrete Masonry Unit.
N. BS 6373 Precast Concrete masonry Units.
O. Cleaning Solution: Type recommended by paver manufacturer.
P. Mortar Setting Bed: One part cement to three parts sand.
Q. Pointing and Grouting Mortar: Dry grout mixture of one part Portland cement and two
parts fine sand with liquid latex additive used as a gauging liquid or as per supplier
recommendation.
R. ASTM A185 Mesh Reinforcement.
4.3.5.2 Installation
A. The bedding and joint filling shall be carried out in one single operation.
B. The bedding mortar shall be laid to a thickness of minimum 10mm.
C. Each paver is buttered and pushed into the bedding mortar.
D. Additional mortar shall be carefully placed in the joints by a trowel, the surplus removed
and a tooled joint profile formed using an appropriate tool.
E. A uniform joint width of 6-10mm shall be maintained between pavers and at abutting
vertical surfaces and protrusions.
F. The surface of the laid paver shall be wiped clean avoiding excess mortar disfiguring the
paved surface.
G. In case that excess mortar cures on the pavers, the Contractor shall thoroughly clean and
remove the mortar by special cement remover, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
H. Movement joints of approved preformed joint filler, 10mm thick, shall be placed every 5
meters or as instructed by the Engineer.
I. The edges, drainage paths, steps etc. shall be installed as shown on the drawings and as
J. Movement joints as above shall also be placed around fixed points of restraint such as
manhole covers, columns and up-stands.
K. Do not install mortar when surrounding air or substrate surface temperature is above 35
degrees C during and 48 hours after completion of the work. Do not install mortar when
relative humidity exceeds 50 percent.
L. The paving shall be kept covered with wet Hessian cloth for minimum 7 days.
M. The pavement shall be kept free from pedestrian traffic for a minimum period of 4 days
after laid and another 10 days for vehicular traffic.
N. Where paving is required to be waterproof, an additive shall be used, strictly in accordance
with the manufacturers recommendations, subject to the approval of the Engineer.
O. Install pavers in the location shown in the documentation or as directed by the Engineer .

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P. Do not install mortar when surrounding air or substrate surface temperature is above 32
degrees C during and 48 hours after completion of the work.
Q. Do not install mortar when relative humidity exceeds 50 percent.
R. Carry out levelling of natural ground surface to the proposed grades and slopes. Remove
objectionable material and unsuitable soil from the site. Lay and compact pavement sub-
base.
S. Make a concrete slab of Class C and place expansion joints of pieces of bituminous
preformed joint filler, 1 centimetre thick, conforming to AASHTO M33, every 5 metres or as
instructed by the Engineer .
T. Set sidewalk tiles in full cementitious mortar bed of minimum 10 mm thickness, to support
pavers over full bearing surface.
U. Be cautious of reinforcement placement position in the under bed. Consider the durability
and stability of compacted subsoil or fills.
V. Maintain uniform joint width of 9mm or as per standard between pavers, and at abutting
vertical surfaces and protrusions. To accommodate mortar, rake out joints.
W. Place sidewalk tiles in lengths not exceeding 5 metres separated by expansion joints of
pieces of bituminous preformed joint filler, 1 centimetre thick, conforming to AASHTO M33
and in accordance with the instructions from the Engineer.
4.3.6 Quality Control
A. Apart from the general QA / QC provisions under the Contract, the Contractor shall
prepare and present a quality program, which will include the methods necessary to
ensure compliance with all the requirements of the specification, subject to the approval of
the Engineer.
B. The Contractor shall maintain records of material consumption rates per m
2
for paving
lying and provide details of same to be Engineer upon request.
C. The quality program shall include details of testing methods to be adopted by the
Contractor, together with documented evidence of results, to show whether the paving
complies with the requirements.
D. The Contractor shall allow in his rates for testing and reinstatement following testing.
E. Reinstatement of paving shall include replacement of damaged paving.
F. At end of each working day, or during rainy weather, cover work exposed to weather with
waterproof coverings, securely anchored.
4.4 Compacted Gravel Pavement
A. Compacted gravel areas for pedestrian use shall be installed in locations shown in the
documentation. A sample of materials shall be submitted for approval before construction
commences.
B. Gravel paved areas shall be excavated to enable a finished compacted base material
thickness of 75mm minimum and 75mm loose gravel over to finish with adjacent surface
and / or approved edging. Before laying base coarse and gravel, treat the existing ground
with an herbicide as specified and approved by the Engineer in accordance with the
manufacturers recommendations regarding handling and application.
C. Spread the base coarse material to correct loose thickness of 75mm by approved
mechanical means. Do not transport new material over un-compacted material unless
prior approval is given. If the sub-grade is disturbed during placement, or becomes mixed
with the new material, remove all disturbed and contaminated material, and replace, re-
grade and compact.
D. Compact the base coarse material by approved mechanical means until it has reached a
minimum 95% of the maximum density at optimum moisture content as determined by the
dry density/moisture content test E2.1 (modified compaction, AS 1289). Bring the base
coarse materials to the optimum moisture content prior to and during placement. Do not
add water during compaction except for light sprinkling if necessary to replace evaporation
loss.
E. Bring the compacted base coarse to the required levels within a tolerance of +/- 10mm
from the level indicated on plans. Any required contours of the pavement will be achieved
by shaping the base coarse. During compaction all soft or yielding, and other unsuitable
material shall be removed and replaced with approved material.

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F. Over the base coarse place the 75mm gravel layer as specified. Lay only 25mm loose
thickness at first then screeded to a uniform thickness not exceeding 25mm. Continue to
lay gravel in successive 25mm layers until the design levels are achieved. Grade the final
layer surface evenly.
G. Do not permit traffic over unprotected paving surfaces. Install notice to public and barrier
for restricted access to areas recently installed.
4.5 Play Structures
A. All playground equipment shall be installed by a reputable company employing skilled
labours in this type of installation having a minimum of five years, proven experience in
this type of work.
B. It is the Contractors responsibility to bar access to the construction Procedure and the
playground site under repair and/or under construction. To bar access shall include, but
not be limited to, the Contractor providing, erecting and maintaining at his own expense a
minimum of one (1) construction notification sign and temporary hoarding preventing
public access to the area under construction. The entire work site of the playground
installation or other excavations shall be enclosed by fence hoarding for the duration of
playground construction. The hoarding shall be erected and in place before site
construction commences. The erection and maintenance of the hoarding is the sole
responsibility of the general Contractor. All fencing shall be kept in good repair and
removed only after the completion of the playgrounds. Where this is not adequately
performed, the Engineer may engage such forces as are necessary to complete the
hoarding at the Contractor's expense. If in the opinion of the Engineer, the general safety
of the public or preservation of the existing environment or work in progress is in
jeopardy, additional protection may be requested at the expense of the Contractor.
C. The successful vendor will provide the Engineer with detailed erection drawings, including
as-built of the playground upon request.
D. Contractor will be responsible for the protection and maintenance of all playground
equipment during construction until all completion requirements have been fulfilled in
every respect and the Engineer inspection has been performed and Preliminary
Acceptance has been given for the entire park development.
E. The Contractor will respond to emergencies immediately, otherwise the Engineer will
engage forces to do so at the Contractor's expense.
F. Prior to commencing work for the playground, the Contractor shall review the site layout
and his proposed construction methods to be employed in relation to the approved
schematic layout drawings. The review shall illustrate the Contractors proposed cut and
fill, rough grading, subsurface drainage and berm construction operations. The Contractor
is advised that adjustments to suit the site conditions and ensure the full and appropriate
installation may be required.
G. Contractor / Supplier Inspection: Upon completion of the playground and site works and
prior to the equipment being used, both the Contractor and the supplier shall inspect the
play environment, especially final inspection. Upon completion of this inspection the
Contractor / supplier shall correct any deficiencies that may be found.
H. Engineer (Owners Inspection): The Engineer will perform the final inspection to confirm
all issues. The Contractor shall be advised of the Engineer findings and shall there be
evidence to the contrary, the Contractor shall immediately take whatever precautionary
and corrective actions as required. The Engineer accepts no liability for the playground
and will not issue any preliminary acceptance of same until the inspection by the
Engineer.
4.5.1 Installation
A. Unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, the playground installation is to be completed
within 7 working days of commencing the equipment installation. Installation shall include
component installation, perimeter installation and sand installation.
B. The Contractor will leave the playground construction area in a safe and secure state to
bar access in accordance with section 3.2.1 of this specification document. Failure to
comply could result in Engineer forces completing the necessary work at the Contractor's
expense.

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C. 1 The subsurface area within the playground perimeter to be fine graded to drain at 1.5%
(min) to subsurface drain system by Contractor. All sub grades are to be graded
accordingly to drain to the sub-drain system while allowing for the structure to be installed
to line and level.
D. Post holes shall not be left uncovered.
E. Posts shall be set in concrete in a hole of a minimum of 1219 mm in depth below finished
subgrade and a minimum of 356 mm in diameter. Where vertical members are less than
150 mm in diameter, 300 mm footings can be used. Concrete shall be set a minimum of
300 mm below sand grade. Concrete shall be a minimum of 25 MPa. A minimum 300 mm
length of sono tube shall form the top of the concrete footing. Top of sono tube shall be
150 mm below sub grade so that top of concrete footing has 150 mm of backfill after
installation. Post holes shall be inspected by the Engineer before pouring footings. The
Engineer shall be given minimum 24 hrs. notice of need for inspection meeting.
F. All posts shall be suitably braced and protected to avoid any movement until concrete
footings have set. Posts found not to be plumb, regardless of the cause, shall be removed
and reset plumb.
G. When a post and stringer system is utilized, all new welds shall be cleaned and treated
with a rust inhibiting paint. The Contractor shall not be allowed to plumb the playground
structure with the use of shims.
H. The edge restraint system will be installed as per the approved where applicable.
I. Surplus and excavated materials and debris shall be removed immediately from site by
the Contractor.
J. Play equipment shall be set to allow for the addition of a minimum 300 mm minimum
depth of clean, playground sand around the entire structure.
K. Equipment which has been substantially installed cannot be left over weekends without
provision of protective sand surface.
L. Dispose of all rubbish and surplus materials and leave the site in a neat and presentable
condition, prior to preliminary acceptance.
M. Restore all surfaces used to access the site to their original condition. All sodded areas
which have been damaged or disturbed are to be re-sodded.
4.6 Playground Surface
A. The playground area is to be cleared of debris.
B. The sub grade is to be as per the approved drawings and shall be approved by the
Engineer prior to installation of sub-drains and tarmac. The sub grade shall have all ruts
filled and levelled and loose fill levelled and/or removed.
C. Sub-drains shall be installed in accordance with the approved drawings.
D. Installation shall be in direct accordance with Manufactures guidelines and carried out by
an approved installer.
4.7 Playing Surfaces for Outdoor Sports Facilities
A. All work for construction of outdoor sports facilities shall conform to the specifications
under the relevant division but as modified hereinafter.
B. Fills required to bring the sub grade of playing surfaces up to required elevation shall be
placed in horizontal layers of not more than 200 mm in loose thickness. Each layer shall
be compacted by rolling with an approved tamping roller or a tree wheel roller. Degree of
compaction is a percentage of the maximum density obtained by test procedure
presented in ASTMD 1557 method D as a percentage of laboratory maximum density.
The upper layer of all fills and excavated areas under the plying surfaces shall be
compacted to 95 % laboratory density.
C. Control and tests for surface smoothness: Control of horizontal bituminous and concrete
playing surfaces shall be maintained buy means of forms securely staked around the
perimeter of each individual playing area to be surfaced. Forms shall be of wood or steel,
straight free of warp, of sufficient strength to resist springing during construction and of
height equal to the material to be retained.
D. Metal forms shall be of approved section with a flat top surface and a base width equal to
to the height of the form. Forms shall be set with the upper edge true to line and grade
and shall be held rigidly in place by stakes placed on the outside of forms and set flush

VOLUME 2
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November 2011

with the top edge of the form. The top surface of the forms when set to line and grade
shall not vary more than 3 mm from a true plane.
E. The finished surface of all bituminous and concrete playing surfaces shall be tested with
approved 3 meter straightedges to reveal all surface irregularities exceeding the
tolerances specified hereinafter. In testing the finished surfaces, the straightedges shall
be held parallel with the grade of transverse slope and in contact with the surface, and
moved ahead one-half the length of the straightedge for each successive series of
measurements. The entire playing surface between perimeter forms shall be tested in
both longitudinal and transverse direction on parallel lines 1.5 m apart and less.
F. Tolerances: All areas of bituminous and concrete playing surfaces that deviate by more
than 6mm from the testing edge of the 3 mete straightedge shall be corrected by
approved methods as required. All corrections required so that bituminous and concrete
surfaces meet the above specifications shall be made at the Contractors expense.
G. Surface Drains: Surface drains in addition to drains produced by the grading of the
finished surfaces of playing areas, shall consist of turfed or paved gutters or ditches with
pipes or culverts, where required, to carry water under walks or roadways crossing the
surface drainage , and shall include gratings or other inlets as indicated. Areas around
inlets into which gutters or ditches discharge shall be protected by paving where so
indicated. Gutters shall be dished and turfed or otherwise protected from erosion. The
sides of drainage ditches shall be cut back to the angle of repose suitable for the class of
soil in which ditches occur.
H. Drainage Filter Course: Where a drainage filter course is indicated, free-draining material
shall be selected and approved for this purpose. This material shall be washed sand,
sand and gravel, crushed stones or crushed stone screenings and shall be composed of
hard, tough and durable particles free from adherent coating. The material shall contain
no vegetable matter, contain no soft, friable thin or elongated particles and shall meet the
following requirements: The filter material shall be spread and compacted on the
prepared sub-grade to form a uniform layer not less than 100 mm nor more than 150 mm
thick, with the surface rolled and otherwise appropriately prepared to receive any
overlying fill, course, or surfacing specified.
I. Provision for Special Athletic Fixtures: During the process of establishing the sub-grade
and prior to the placing of top soil or surfacing of playing areas, suitable provisions shall
be made for the installation of all fixed or removable appurtenances and special athletic
fixtures, and for any subsurface construction required in connection therewith as
indicated, whether or not such fixtures are to be furnished under this section of the
specifications. Such subsurface construction shall be accurately installed in accordance
with the drawings or as directed.
J. Cross-Section of Bituminous Fields: Bituminous concrete playing fields shall consist of a
base course, a prime coat, bituminous leveling and surface courses, a tack coat, a color
coating , and where required, the drainage filter course, all constructed on a prepares sub
grade material for base courses of all bituminous concrete playing surfaces shall be
uncrushed gravel. Grading requirements shall apply to the mixed materials prior to Liquid
limit and plasticity index shall be determined in accordance with methods outlined in
ASTM D 423 and D 424 respectively. The liquid limit shall not be greater than placing
and compacting.
K. The liquid limit shall not be greater than 30 and the plasticity index shall not exceed 9.
L. Prior to the placing of the levelling course, the completed base course shall be primed.
M. Composition of the bituminous mixtures shall be the same for both the leveling and the
courses and shall consist of aggregates and asphalt cement within the limits set forth n
the table:

Bituminous Mixture

Sieve Designation
(Square Openings)

Percentage passing by
weight

VOLUME 2
SPECIFICATIONS
PART 3
November 2011

Aggregates

9.50 mm
4.75 mm
2.36 mm
1.18 mm
540 microns
300 microns
150 microns
75 microns

100
78 100
60 87
45 73
32 58
21 43
12 28
6 12

Residual asphalt percentage by weight on dry aggregates 6 - 11

N. The quantities of asphalt are the residual content required, and these quantities apply
directly to asphalt cements but do not include solvents or water that are contained in
liquid or emulsified asphalts. The application rates of these materials shall be in
accordance with the following tabulation:
Liquid Asphalts:
Grade 250 1.50 times quantities shown
Emulsion 1.60 times quantities shown

O. The upper limit may be raised when absorbent aggregates are used. Bituminous
mixtures shall be manufactures in accordance with the approved job-mix formula
furnished by the contractor prior to commencement of paving operations. The
requirements regarding Marshal test properties for surface and binder-course mixtures
will not apply to bituminous concrete mixes used in paving playing surfaces. Prior to the
placing of the surface course, a tack coat shall be applied to the completed leveling
course.

P. Thickness of Base

Base color shall be 100 mm thick
Levelling course shall be 40 mm thick
Surface course shall be 25 mm thick

Q. Portland Cement Concrete Playing Surface: Portland cement concrete playing surfaces
shall be class B concrete conforming to Structure: Concrete and Reinforced Concrete,
constructed either on a prepared sub grade or over drainage course, as indicated in the
case of horizontal playing surfaces. Concrete walls, if included shall be made of
reinforced concrete with class of concrete, reinforcing, foundations, forms and bracing in
accordance with _Structure: Concrete and Reinforced Concrete.
R. Horizontal Portland cement concrete playing surfaces shall consist of concrete slabs 100
mm thick. Vertical Portland cement concrete playing surfaces such as walls, if included
shall be 200 mm thick.
S. Surface finish for all Portland cement concrete playing surfaces shall conform to
Structure: Concrete and Reinforced Concrete-. The surface finish for courts shall be
monolithic finish for throwing circles it shall be non-slip finish. Vertical playing surfaces of
wall shall be rubbed finish.
T. Court lines and restriction markings shall be as specified hereinbefore for bituminous
surfaces or shall be as indicated or as directed for other surfaces, and shall be applied
with the type of paint or other marking material best adapted for a weather resistant and
durable marking on the particular type of playing surface. Court lines for multiple court
areas shall be applied with different colours as directed by the Engineer.
U. Proprietary Playing Structures shall be executed by a recognized specialist firm having a
proven record of satisfactory work in hot climates.

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4.8 Road Line and Playing Surface Marking
A. Road line marking shall be carried out by using a machine recommended by the
manufacturer of the material being used and the line dimensions and thickness shall be
as stated in the project documents or as indicated by the Engineer.
B. After curing bituminous playing surfaces for 2 days, the entire surface shall be covered
with colour and coating spread in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.
Application shall be made when the temperature is above 13 deg. C and rain is not
imminent.
4.9 Architectural Metalwork
A. Standards of work for the design, fabrication and erection of all architectural metalwork
shall be in accordance with the standards and recommendations described in this clause.
B. Butt-welds between adjacent surfaces shall be ground smooth and finished flush with the
adjacent surfaces.
C. Architectural metal items concealed from view shall not require grinding of welds.
D. Mechanical fastenings shall be concealed where practicable. Where concealed
fastenings cannot be used, exposed fastenings shall be compatible materials, shall match
in colour and finish and shall harmonise with the material to which fastenings are applied.
Necessary rebates, lugs and bracket shall be provided so that the work can be
assembled in a neat and substantial manner.
E. Holes for bolts and screws shall be drilled or punched. Poor matching of holes shall be a
cause for rejection.
F. Hardware shall match metal to which applied in colour and finish. Hardware supplied
from other sources shall be prefitted in the shop. Plates for mounting hardware shall be
riveted or welded in place.
G. Miscellaneous metalwork shall be well formed to shape and size, with sharp lines and
angles and true curves. Drilling and punching shall produce clean true lines and
surfaces. Connections shall be welded, riveted or threaded. Permanent connections
shall be welded. Welding shall be continuous along the entire area of contact except
where tack welding is permitted. Exposed welds shall be ground smooth. Exposed
surfaces of work n place shall have a smooth finish and exposed riveting shall be flush.
Joints shall be milled to a close fit. Corner joints shall be coped or mitred, well formed
and in true alignment. Work shall be accurately fastened in place.
H. Where shop drawings are required by the Project Documents or Engineer, the Contractor
shall show in these drawings construction of all parts of the work including metal
thicknesses, joint details of all field connections and anchorages. Relationship to other
work shall be clearly indicated. No work shall be fabricated until shop drawings have
been approved by the Supervising Agency. All items shall be shop fabricated as far as
possible.
I. Contact surfaces of connected members shall be ground true. Parts shall be so
assembled that joints will be tight hairline fits without the use of a filling compound.
J. Sheet material 1.9 mm or less to which hardware or accessories are attached with rivets
or screws, shall be reinforced with 3 mm thick plates of the same metal welded to the
back. Reinforcement shall extend for not less than 12 times the diameter of the rivet or
screw in each direction or to the nearest brake in plane, whichever is less.

K. Where dissimilar metals are in contact or where aluminium is in contact with concrete,
mortar, wet or preservative treated wood or absorptive materials subject to wetting, the
surfaces shall be protected with a coat of bituminous paint or proprietary isolating tapes
or gaskets, or shall be protected to prevent galvanic or corrosive action.

END OF SECTION

Vol 2 - Part 3 - Div 2

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Vol 2 - Part 3 - Div 2

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PROJECT:

CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE OF OFFICERS VILLAS

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