Create Physical Volumes

Note: If you had installed the server in the minimal mode, the commands pvcreate,
lvcreate, vgcreate etc., couldnt be found. To use that commands install the lvm2 package
first.
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[root@server ~]# yum install lvm2
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install ProcessThe
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lvm2.i686 0:2.02.72-8.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = 2.02.72-8.el6 for package: lvm2-
2.02.72-8.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper-event.so.1.02(Base) for package:
lvm2-2.02.72-8.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libdevmapper-event.so.1.02 for package: lvm2-
2.02.72-8.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.i686 0:1.02.53-8.el6 set to be updated
---> Package lvm2-libs.i686 0:2.02.72-8.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event >= 1.02.53-8.el6 for package:
lvm2-libs-2.02.72-8.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event.i686 0:1.02.53-8.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
===
Package Arch Version Repository Si
ze
=============================================================================
===
Installing:
lvm2 i686 2.02.72-8.el6 localrepo 514
k
Installing for dependencies:
device-mapper-event i686 1.02.53-8.el6 localrepo 79
k
device-mapper-event-libs i686 1.02.53-8.el6 localrepo 74
k
lvm2-libs i686 2.02.72-8.el6 localrepo 565
k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
===
Install 4 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.2 M
Installed size: 2.5 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
Total 11 MB/s | 1.2
MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.53-
8.el6.i686 1/4
Installing : device-mapper-event-1.02.53-
8.el6.i686 2/4
Installing : lvm2-libs-2.02.72-
8.el6.i686 3/4
Installing : lvm2-2.02.72-
8.el6.i686 4/4
Installed:
lvm2.i686 0:2.02.72-
8.el6
Dependency Installed:
device-mapper-event.i686 0:1.02.53-
8.el6
device-mapper-event-libs.i686 0:1.02.53-
8.el6
lvm2-libs.i686 0:2.02.72-
8.el6
Complete!
Now create physical volumes using the command pvcreate.
[root@server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
To verify the newly created physical volumes use the command pvdisplay.
[root@server ~]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "109.79 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 109.79 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID jQl5F4-DyLj-SkHu-4lhZ-J3nQ-zax9-aT8sc4

"/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "109.82 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name
PV Size 109.82 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID i4MHvw-8hYB-Fwz8-fxTL-G3mu-fl5E-zGYhDO

"/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "109.82 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb3
VG Name
PV Size 109.82 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 99qkNw-3oAw-vXwg-WE6U-zyKO-Ffs3-rDSqUY
Create Volume Groups
Create a new volume group called vg1 using two physical volumes /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdb2
using the command vgcreate.
[root@server ~]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
To verify the volume group has been created or not use the command vgdisplay.
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[root@server ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 216.00 MiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 54
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 54 / 216.00 MiB
VG UUID ds3OtP-DMUx-33nN-HDar-eqNj-uIED-41gjqI
Create Logical Volume
To create logical volume use the command lvcreate. Let us create a logical volume called lv1
with size 200MB.
[root@server ~]# lvcreate -L 200M vg1 -n lv1
Logical volume "lv1" created
Verify the logical volume is created or not using command lvdisplay.
[root@server ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg1/lv1
VG Name vg1
LV UUID dgLZ79-JZdn-NUSF-fUS1-YVFk-36qs-iuafhE
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 200.00 MiB
Current LE 50
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
Format and Mount the logical volume
Now format the newly created logical volume and mount it in the /mnt directory or wherever you
want.
[root@server ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg1/lv1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
51200 inodes, 204800 blocks
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
25 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
And mount the logical volume in the /mnt mount point.
[root@server ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /mnt/
Now the logical volume is successfully mounted in /mnt. You can use the new logical volume to
store your datas.
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[root@server ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@server mnt]# touch file1 file2 file3
[root@server mnt]# mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3
[root@server mnt]# ls
dir1 dir2 dir3 file1 file2 file3 lost+found
Extend Volume Group Size
If youre running out of the space in the logical volume, you can extend the size of it easily if
your physical disk contains free space or with additional physical disk(Hard disk).
Say for example let us extend the volume group vg1 using the physical volume /dev/sdb3. And
let us add additonal 100MB to logical volume lv1.
[root@server mnt]# vgextend vg1 /dev/sdb3
Volume group "vg1" successfully extended
Then resize the logical vloume lv1.
[root@server mnt]# lvresize -L +100M /dev/vg1/lv1
Extending logical volume lv1 to 300.00 MiB
Logical volume lv1 successfully resized
Resize the filesystem of logical volume lv1.
[root@server mnt]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg1/lv1 is mounted on /mnt; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg1/lv1 to 307200 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 307200 blocks long.
Now verify the new size of the logical volume lv1.
[root@server mnt]# lvdisplay /dev/vg1/lv1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/vg1/lv1
VG Name vg1
LV UUID dgLZ79-JZdn-NUSF-fUS1-YVFk-36qs-iuafhE
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 300.00 MiB
Current LE 75
Segments 3
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
Its done. Now the size of the logical volume lv1 is extended by 100MB.
Remove Logical Volume
Come out of the /mnt mount point, unmount the logical volume lv1 and remove it using
command lvremove.
[root@server mnt]# cd ..
[root@server /]# umount /mnt/
[root@server /]# lvremove /dev/vg1/lv1
Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv1? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "lv1" successfully removed
Remove Volume Group
[root@server /]# vgremove /dev/vg1
Volume group "vg1" successfully removed
Remove Physical Volume
[root@server /]# pvremove /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully wiped
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully wiped