Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample

NAME:_________________________
Part I: Multiple Choice (2 points ea!
choose the "est ans#er$ #rite it clearly in the space to the le%t o% the &uestion
____1 Stellar parallax tells us a"out that star's
(A! luminosity
((! temperature
(C! spectral class
()! *istance
____2 +he nearest star to our solar system is at a *istance o% about
(A! one parsec
((! one li,ht year
(C! one astronomical unit
()! 121 -i,a#atts
____3 +#o stars appear in the s.y I% #e .no# that "oth stars appear to ha/e the same "ri,htness$ then the
star that is %arther
(A! must "e more massi/e
((! must "e more *istant
(C! must ha/e a ,reater luminosity
()! must ha/e a smaller luminosity
____0 Suppose #e o"ser/e a cool$ tenuous ,as #ith a hotter "lac. "o*y "ehin* it 1hat .in* o% spectrum #ill
#e see2
(A! emission lines only
((! continuous ra*iation only
(C! continuous ra*iation #ith emission lines superimpose*
()! continuous ra*iation #ith a"sorption lines superimpose*
____3 An 456 *ia,ram can "e ma*e "y plottin,
(A! a"solute ma,nitu*e /ersus spectral class
((! luminosity /ersus temperature
(C! (oth (A! an* ((!
()! tric. &uestion At this point it is only possi"le to create 457 *ia,rams #ith existin, technolo,y
____8 Most o% the stars in a typical 456 *ia,ram %all on the
(A! #hite *#ar% re,ion
((! ,iant re,ion
(C! super,iant re,ion (or asymptotic ,iant "ranch!
()! main se&uence
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Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
7uestions 951: re%er to the %i,ure "elo# #hich is a ,raphical representation
o% a ,roup o% stars I*enti%y each type o% star "y its la"ele* location on
the *ia,ram
____9 Main Se&uence stars
____; -iants stars
____< Super,iants (Asymptotic -iant (ranch! stars
____1: 1hite )#ar% stars
____11 4o# *o #e .no# that %ission isn't responsi"le %or the Sun's ener,y2
(A! %ission *oesn't pro*uce enou,h ener,y per ,ram o% %uel
((! i% %ission #ere ,oin, on in the sun$ the sun #oul* explo*e
(C! i% %ission #ere ,oin, on in the sun$ the sun's mass #oul* increase
()! there isn't /ery much %issiona"le material in the sun
____12 Approximately ho# lon, is the main se&uence li%etime o% the sun2
(A! 1: thousan* years
((! 1: million years
(C! 1: "illion years
()! 1: trillion years
____13 1hich are the t#o most a"un*ant elements in the sun2
(A! nitro,en an* oxy,en
((! car"on5*ioxi*e an* #ater /apor
(C! hy*ro,en an* iron
()! hy*ro,en an* helium
____10 1hat part o% the Sun *o astronomers learn a"out #hen they stu*y neutrinos %rom the Sun2
(A! +he corona
((! +he core
(C! Sunspots
()! +he con/ection =one
____13 The series of reactions that produce the Sun's energy are called
(A! The solar cycle
((! Chemical reactions
(C! The proton-proton chain
()! Core Processes
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Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____18 +he part o% the Sun that emits most o% the /isi"le li,ht is the
(A! chromosphere
((! core
(C! photosphere
()! corona
____19 +he hottest layer o% the atmosphere o% the sun is the
(A! chromosphere
((! corona
(C! photosphere
()! transition re,ion
____1; Sunspots are
(A! associate* #ith an 22 year acti/ity cycle on the Sun
((! areas o% intense ma,netic %iel*s
(C! areas o% lo# temperature compare* to the surroun*in, ,as
()! all o% the a"o/e
____1< 1hat process is responsi"le %or the %ormation o% a ne# star2
(A! the collision o% one or more stars
((! the collision o% massi/e planets in interstellar space
(C! the ,atherin, o% material aroun* a "lac. hole
()! the collapse o% part o% a clou* o% interstellar material
____2: 1here are /ery youn, stars locate* in an 456 *ia,ram2
(A! a"o/e an* to the ri,ht o% the main se&uence
((! on the main se&uence
(C! "elo# the main se&uence
()! in the upper le%t
____21 E/i*ence in*icates that the solar system %orme*
(A! /ery ,ra*ually$ o/er a perio* o% se/eral "illion years
((! at least %i/e "illion years prior to the Earth5Moon system
(C! sometime in the last "illion years
()! in perhaps as short an inter/al as ten million years
____22 1hat mar.s the transition %rom protostar to star2
(A! the star "e,ins to rotate
((! the star "ecomes hot enou,h to ioni=e hy*ro,en
(C! the star %irst "ecomes luminous
()! hy*ro,en %usion "e,ins
____23 Accor*in, to ne"ular theories$ the planets %orme* %rom material that #as
(A! part o% the collapsin, clou* #hich %orme* the Sun
((! capture* "y the Sun %rom interstellar space
(C! pulle* %rom the Sun *urin, a collision #ith another star
()! e?ecte* %rom the Sun "y an explosion
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____20 +he contraction o% a ,iant molecular clou* to %orm a star an* a planetary system is cause* "y #hat .in*
o% %orce2
(A! Electric
((! Nuclear
(C! Plutonic
()! -ra/itational
____23 Su"stantial o"?ects$ resem"lin, asteroi*s in si=e an* composition$ #hich "uilt up early in the
*e/elopment o% the solar system are re%erre* to as
(A! "ro#n *#ar%s
((! planetesimals
(C! ,rains
()! ne"ulae
____28 1hat happene* to the ,as that #as le%t o/er in the solar ne"ula a%ter the planets %orme*2
(A! it %ell "ac. into the Sun
((! it #as s#ept a#ay "y a passin, star
(C! it #as "lo#n a#ay "y a stron, #in*
()! it con*ense* to %orm the =o*iacal li,ht
____29 What is the general name for a star that is converting hydrogen into helium in its core?
(A! Main sequence star
((! Red giant star
()! White dwarf star
(C! Protostar
____2; An e/olutionary trac. *escri"es the career o% a star "y sho#in, chan,es in its location in
(A! space
((! an 46 (4ert=sprun,56ussell! *ia,ram
(C! a mass5luminosity *ia,ram
()! a mass5ra*ius *ia,ram
____2< +he three cur/es (A!$ ((! an* (C! in the %i,ure represent 3 *i%%erent
,roups o% stars 1e in%er that the or*er o% increasin, a,e %or the
,roups is
(A! (A! ((! (C!
((! ((! (C! (A!
(C! (C! ((! (A!
()! none o% the a"o/e$ they are all the same a,e
____3: The main sequence lifetime of a hot massive O star compared with an cooler, less massive M star is
(A! Much lon,er "ecause there is more %uel a/aila"le
((! Much shorter "ecause the @ star "urns %uel at a much %aster rate
(C! A"out the same "ecause all stars li/e a"out 1: "illion years
()! Much shorter "ecause there is much less hy*ro,en in @ stars
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Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____31 1hich o% the %ollo#in, cannot "e assume* a"out the stars in a ,i/en cluster2
(A! they all ha/e nearly the same *istance %rom us
((! they all ha* the same initial chemical composition
(C! they all ha/e the same a,e
()! they all ha/e the same mass
____32 When a star is just evolving off the main sequence, which element is most common in the core?
(A) hydrogen
(B) helium
(C) carbon
(D) iron
____33 +he %usion o% iron nuclei *oes not occur in sta"le stars 1hy not2
(A! Iron isnAt a sta"le element
((! +he %usion process s.ips o/er iron an* ,oes on to more massi/e elements
(C! Iron %usion uses up ener,y instea* o% pro*ucin, ener,y
()! Iron is *estroye* in stars as soon as it is pro*uce*
____30 @ne reason that Cephei* stars are important to astronomers is that
(A! they are especially rich in metal content
((! they are /ery youn,$ so stellar e/olution can "e stu*ie* in *etail
(C! they can "e seen e/en in *istant clusters o% ,alaxies
()! there is a *e%inite relationship "et#een /aria"ility perio* an* luminosity
____33 1hat happens #hen electrons "ecome *e,enerate2
(A! Their pressure becomes independent of temperature
((! They are converted to neutrons
(C! They become extremely hot
()! They form a crystalline lattice
____38 +he Chan*rase.har limit is
(A! the ,reatest mass a #hite *#ar% can ha/e
((! the most massi/e main se&uence star that can exist
(C! the *istance at #hich parallaxes can no lon,er "e measure*
()! the maximum "ri,htness o% a superno/a
____39 +he approximate si=e o% a one solar mass neutron star is
(A! 1: .m
((! the si=e o% the Earth
(C! the si=e o% the Sun
()! "et#een 10 an* 23 times lar,er than the si=e o% the Sun
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
Bor 7uestions 3;501: Match the type o% star #ith the type o% pressure #hich supports it:
____3; normal ,as pressure
____3< electron *e,eneracy pressure
____0: neutron *e,eneracy pressure
____01 none: o"?ect has collapse* ,ra/itationally
(A! (lac. 4ole
((! Neutron Star
(C! 1hite )#ar%
()! Main Se&uence Star
____02 Suppose you #ere insi*e the Sch#ar=schil* ra*ius o% a "lac. hole I% you #ere to shine a "lue %lashli,ht
to a companion exterior to the "lac. hole$ heCshe #oul* see
(A! re* li,ht
((! "lue li,ht
(C! /iolet li,ht
()! no li,ht (canAt escape!
____03 Pulsars are
(A) spinning neutron stars with beamed radio emission
(B) navigation beacons for extraterrestrial civilizations
(C) pulsating red giant stars with close companions
(D) white dwarfs with periodic stellar winds
____00 1hich type o% "inary star is re/eale* "y perio*ic *ecreases in "ri,htness2
(A! spectroscopic "inaries
((! eclipsin, "inaries
(C! /isual "inaries
()! astrometric "inaries
____03 +he Al,ol DPara*oxE is
(A! a close "inary star system consistin, o% a re* ,iant an* a less massi/e main se&uence star
((! a close "inary star system consistin, o% a re* ,iant an* a more massi/e main se&uence star
(C! the mysterious ra*io na/i,ation "eacons calle* pulsars
()! the e/ent hori=on o% a "lac. hole
____08 @ur *etermination o% stellar masses comes %rom
(A! Observations of binary stars
((! The mass luminosity relation
(C! Measurement of stellar colors and use of blackbody radiation
()! Precise measurements of the diameters of stars
____09 1hat in%ormation a"out a "inary star system is su%%icient to ma.e it possi"le to %in* the sum o% the
masses o% the t#o stars2
(A! or"ital perio* an* separation
((! *istance an* spectral type
(C! a,e an* temperature
()! chemical composition an* a"solute ma,nitu*e
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____0; +he 6oche lo"e is
(A! the re,ion aroun* one o% the stars in a "inary system #here the ,ra/ity o% that star *ominates
((! the type o% star %orme* #hen a "lac. hole "ecomes to massi/e to support itsel%
(C! a cluster o% stars #hich all ha/e the same mass
()! the source o% ra*io emissions in a pulsar
____0< Mass exchan,e in close "inary systems can pro*uce
(A! F5ray emission %rom an accretion *is.
((! recurrent no/ae i% one partner is a #hite *#ar%
(C! mo*i%ication o% the e/olutionary status o% "oth stars
()! any o% the a"o/e
____3: 1hen a "lac. hole is part o% a close "inary star system$ the system may "e a stron, source o% x5rays
1here *o the x5rays come %rom2
(A! the companion star$ #hich is heate* "y the "lac. hole
((! a *is. o% hot matter aroun* the "lac. hole
(C! %rom the "lac. hole itsel%
()! %rom planets #hich are capture* "y the "lac. hole